A Conceptual framework for unsolicited commercial e-mail: Perceived intrusiveness and privacy concerns

Journal of Internet Commerce

Volumn 8, Issue 3-4, 2009, Pages 137-160

  Morimoto, Mariko ^a   Macias, Wendy ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Perceived intrusiveness; Privacy; Psychological reactance; Unsolicited commercial e mail

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951653350     PISSN: 15332861     EISSN: 1533287X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15332860903467342     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Akhter, S. H., and S. Durvasula. 1991. Consumers' attitudes toward direct marketing and purchase intentions. Journal of Direct Marketing 5:48-56.
2. Bagozzi, R. P., and Y. Yi. 1988. On the evaluation of structural equations models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 16:74-94.
3. Batra, R., and M. L. Ray. 1986. Affective responses mediating acceptance of advertising. Journal of Consumer Research 13:234-249.
4. Brehm, J. W. 1966. A theory of psychological reactance. New York: Academic Press Inc.
5. Brehm, S. S., and J. W. Brehm. 1981. Psychological reactance: A theory of freedom and control. New York: Academic Press.
6. Brownlow, M. 2008. Email and webmail statistics. Email Marketing Reports. http:// www.email-marketing-reports.com/metrics/email-statistics.htm (accessed June 5,2009).
7. Byrne, B. M. 2001. Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
8. Caudill, E. M., and P. E. Murphy. 2000. Consumer online privacy: Legal and ethical issues. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19:7-19.
9. Chang, S., and M. Morimoto. 2003. An assessment of consumer attitudes toward direct marketing communication channels: A comparison between unsolicited commercial e-mail and postal direct mail. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, July 30-August 2, in Kansas City, MO.
10. Cho, C. H., and H. J. Cheon. 2004. Why do people avoid advertising on the Internet. Journal of Advertising 33:89-97.
11. Clee, M. A., and R. A. Wicklund. 1980. Consumer behavior and psychological reactance. Journal of Consumer Research 6:389-404.
12. College students respond to e-mail ad offers, new survey says. 2000. Electronic Advertising and Marketplace Report 14:7.
13. Cournane, A., and R. Hunt. 2004. An analysis of the tools used for the generation and prevention of spam. Computers and Security 23:154-166.
14. Culnan, M. J. 1993. "How did they get my name?": An exploratory investigation of consumer attitudes toward secondary information use. MIS Quarterly 17:341363.
15. Datran Media. 2008. Datran Media announces second annual marketing and media survey. http://corporate.datranmedia.com/newsandpress/press/01222008.php (accessed June 5, 2009).
16. Dowd, E. T., C. R. Milne, and S. L. Wise. 1991. The therapeutic reactance scale: A measure of psychological reactance. Journal of Counseling and Development 69:541-545.
17. Eagly, A. H., and S. Chaiken. 1993. The psychology of attitudes. Belmont, CA: Thomson Learning.
18. Edwards, S. M., H. Li, and J. H. Lee. 2002. Forced exposure and psychological reactance: Antecedents and consequences of the perceived intrusiveness of pop-up ads. Journal of Advertising 31:83-95.
19. Elliott, M. T., and P. S. Speck. 1998. Consumer perceptions on advertising clutter and its impact across various media. Journal of Advertising Research 38:29-41.
20. Fallows, D. 2007. Spam 2007. Pew Internet & American Life Project. http://www. pewinternet.org/PPF/r/214/report_display.asp accessed June 5, 2009).
21. Fishbein, M., and I. Ajzen. 1977. Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
22. Foxman, E. R., and P. Kilcoyne. 1993. Information technology, marketing practice, and consumer privacy: Ethical issues. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 12:106-119.
23. Goodwin, C.. 1991. Privacy: Recognition of a consumer right. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 10:149-166.
24. Grant, I., and S. O'Donohoe. 2007. Why young consumers are not open to mobile marketing communication. International Journal of Advertising 26:223-246.
25. Ha, L. 1996. Observations: Advertising clutter in consumer magazines. Journal of Advertising Research 36:76-83.
26. Harris Interactive. 2002. College students spend $200 billion per year. http://www. harrisinteractive.com/news/allnewsbydate.asp?NewsID=480 (accessed June 6, 2009).
27. Heeter, C., and B. S. Greenberg. 1985. Profiling the zappers. Journal of Advertising Research 25:15-19.
28. Huh, S. C. 2006. Invasion of privacy v. commercial speech: Regulation of spam with a comparative constitutional point of view. Albany Law Review 70:181-207.
29. Kline, R. B. 2005. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 2nd ed. New York: The Guilford Press.
30. Krohn, F., Z. Luo, and M. K. Hsu. 2002. Information privacy and online behaviors. Journal of Internet Commerce 1:55-69.
31. Laroche, M., F. Pons, and A. Turmel. 2002. A cross-cultural comparison of direct mail receptivity. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 14:5-24.
32. Lessne, G. J., and E. M. Notarantonio. 1988. The effect of limits in retail advertisements: A reactance theory perspective. Psychology and Marketing 5:33-44.
33. Lewis, K., J. Kaufman, and N. Christakis. 2008. The taste for privacy: An analysis of college student privacy settings in an online social network. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 14:79-100.
34. Li, H., S. M. Edwards, and J. H. Lee. 2002. Measuring the intrusiveness of advertisements: Scale development and validation. Journal of Advertising 2:37-47.
35. Li, C., and R. Meeds. 2007. Factors affecting information processing of Internet advertisements: A test on exposure condition, psychological reactance, and advertising frequency. In Proceedings of 2007 Annual Conference of the American Academy of Advertising, 93-101. Eugene, OR: University of Oregon.
36. MacKenzie, S. B., and R. J. Lutz. 1989. An empirical examination of the structural antecedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context. Journal of Marketing 53:48-65.
37. MacKenzie, S. B., R. J. Lutz, and G. E. Belch. 1986. The role of attitude toward the ad as a mediator of advertising effectiveness: A test of competing explanations. Journal of Marketing Research 23:130-143.
38. Malhotra, N. K., and T. King. 2003. Don't negate the whole field. Marketing Research 15:43-44.
39. McAllister, M. P., and J. Turow. 2002. New media and the commercial sphere: Two intersecting trends, five categories of concerns. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 46:505-514.
40. Milne, G. R., and A. J. Rohm. 2000. Consumer privacy and name removal across direct marketing channels: Exploring opt-in and opt-out alternatives. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19:238-249.
41. Milne, G. R., and A. J. Rohm. 2004. Consumers' protection of online privacy and identity. Journal of Consumer Affairs 38:217-232.
42. Miyazaki, A. D., and A. Fernandez. 2000. Internet privacy and security: An examination of online retailer disclosures. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19:54-61.
43. Moore, R. S., B. R. Kinard, and M. L. Moore. 2005. The carry-over effects of a physical image on its Ecommerce distribution channel. Marketing Management Journal 15:59-68.
44. Morimoto, M., and S. Chang. 2006. Consumers' attitudes toward unsolicited commercial e-mail and postal direct mail marketing methods: Intrusiveness, perceived loss of control, and irritation. Journal of Interactive Advertising 7. http://www.jiad.org/article83 (accessed October 21, 2009).
45. Nowak, G. J., and J. Phelps. 1992. Understanding privacy concerns. Journal of Direct Marketing 6:28-39.
46. Nowak, G. J., and J. Phelps. 1995. Direct marketing and the use of individual-level consumer information: Determining how and when "privacy" matters. Journal of Direct Marketing 9:46-60.
47. Okazaki, S. 2004. How do Japanese consumers perceive wireless ads?: A multivariate analysis. International Journal of Advertising 23:429-454.
48. Pember, D. R., and C. Calvert. 2008. Mass media law. New York: McGraw-Hill.
49. Phelps, J., G. Nowak, and E. Ferrell. 2000. Privacy concerns and consumer willingness to provide personal information. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19:27-41.
50. Ray, M. L. 1982. Advertising and communication management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
51. Richards, J. I. 1997. Legal potholes on the information superhighway. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 16:319-326.
52. Rifon, N. J., R. LaRose, and S. M. Choi. 2005. Your privacy is sealed: Effects of web privacy seals on trust and personal disclosures. Journal of Consumer Affair 39:339-362.
53. Rotzoll, K. B., J. E. Haefner, and S. R. Hall. 1996. Advertising in contemporary society. 3rd ed. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
54. Sheehan, K. B., and T. W. Gleason. 2001. Online privacy: Internet advertising practitioners' knowledge and practices. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising 23:31-40.
55. Sheehan, K. B., and M. G. Hoy. 1999. Flaming, complaining, abstaining: How online users respond to privacy concerns. Journal of Advertising 28:37-51
56. Sheehan, K. B., and M. G. Hoy. 2000. Dimensions of privacy concern among online consumers. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19:62-73.
57. Shen, L., and J. P. Dillard. 2005. Psychometric properties of the Hong psychological reactance scale. Journal of Personality Assessment 85:74-81.
58. Speck, P. S., and M. T. Elliott. 1997. Predictors of advertising avoidance in print and broadcast media. Journal of Advertising 24:61-76.
59. Taylor, R. E., J. A. Vassar, and B. C. Vaught. 1995. The beliefs of marketing professionals regarding consumer privacy. Journal of Direct Marketing 9:38-46.
60. Teeter, D. L., Jr., and B. Loving. 2001. Law of mass communications. 10th ed. New York: Foundation Press.
61. Warren, S. D., and L. D. Brandeis. 1890. The right of privacy. Harvard Law Review 4:1-23.
62. Yoo, C. Y., and K. Kim. 2005. Processing of animation in online banner advertising: The roles of cognitive and emotional responses. Journal of Interactive Marketing 19:18-34.