Thermal and optical properties of the femtosecond-laser-structured and stress-induced birefringent regions in sapphire

Optics Express

Volumn 18, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 8300-8310

  Morikawa, Junko ^a   Orie, Akihiro ^a   Hashimoto, Toshimasa ^a   Juodkazis, Saulius ^b  

^a TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^b SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIREFRINGENCE; DIFFUSION; POLARIZATION; PULSED LASER APPLICATIONS; SAPPHIRE;

AZIMUTHAL ORIENTATION; BK7 GLASS; BULK VALUE; CRACK FORMATION; DIFFUSIVITIES; FEMTO-SECOND LASER; FEMTOSECONDS; LATERAL RESOLUTION; LOCAL STRESS; MICROVOLUMES; OPTICAL ACTIVITY; OPTICAL VORTICES; POLARIZATION ELLIPSIS; RADIAL DISTRIBUTIONS; SPATIAL CONTROL; STRESS INDUCED BIREFRINGENCE; STRESS-INDUCED; TEMPERATURE WAVE; WAVE-GUIDING;

GLASS LASERS;

EID: 77950868940     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.008300     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. M. Ams, G. D. Marshall, P. Dekker, J. A. Piper, and M. J. Withford, "Ultrafast laser written active devices," Laser Photon. Rev. 3, 535-544 (2009).
2. S. K. Sundaram and E. Mazur, "Inducing and probing non-thermal transitions in semiconductors using femtosecond laser pulses," Nature Mat. 1, 217-224 (2002).
3. Y. Lan, A. J. Minnich, G. Chen, and Z. Ren, "Enhancement of thermoelectric figure-of-merit by a bulk nanostructuring approach," Adv. Func. Mat., 20, 357-376 (2010).
4. S. Juodkazis, V. Mizeikis, and H. Misawa, "Three-dimensional microfabrication of materials by femtosecond lasers for photonics applications," J. Appl. Phys. 106, 051101 (2009).
5. S.Sowa, W. Watanabe, T.Tamaki, J. Nishii, and K. Itoh, "Symmetric waveguides in poly(methyl methacrylate) fabricated by femtosecond laser pulses," Opt. Express 14, 291-297 (2006). (Pubitemid 43064058)
6. S. Nolte, M. Will, J. Burghoff, and A. T̈unnermann, "Femtosecond waveguide writing: a new avenue to threedimensional integrated optics," Appl. Phys. A 77, 109-111 (2003).
7. L. Shah, A. Arai, S. Eaton, and P. Herman, "Waveguide writing in fused silica with a femtosecond fiber laser at 522 nm and 1 MHz repetition rate," Opt. Express 13, 1999-2006 (2005). (Pubitemid 40548760)
8. D. M. Krol, "Femtosecond laser modification of glass," J. Non-Cryst. Sol. 354, 416-424 (2009).
9. G. Cerullo, R. Osellame, S. Taccheo, M. Marangoni, D. Polli, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, and S. D. Silvestri, "Femtosecond micromachining of symmetric waveguides at 1.5 m by astigmatic beam focusing," Opt. Lett. 27, 1938-1940 (2002).
10. J. Siebenmorgen, K. Petermann, G. Huber, K. Rademaker, and S. N. A.T̈unnermann, "Femtosecond laser written stress-induced Nd:Y3Al5O12(Nd:YAG) channel waveguide laser," Appl. Phys. B 97, 251-255 (2009).
11. A. Benayas, D. Jaque, B. McMillen, and K. P. Chen, "High repetition rate UV ultrafast laser inscription of buried channel waveguides in sapphire: Fabrication and fluorescence imaging via ruby R lines," Opt. Express 17, 10076-10081 (2009).
12. Z. Zhu and T. G. Brown, "Stress-induced birefringence in microstructured optical fibers," Opt. Lett. 28, 2306-2308 (2003).
13. G. Cheng, K. Mishchik, C. Mauclair, E. Audouard, and R. Stoian, "Ultrafast laser photoinscription of polarization sensitive devices in bulk silica glass," Opt. Express 17, 9515-9525 (2009).
14. J. Siebenmorgen, T. Calmano, O. Hellmig, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, "Efficient femtosecond laser written Nd:YAG channel waveguide laser with an output power of more than 1 W,", Technical Digest, CLEO/Europe-EQEC Conference, 2009, paper CJ7.1.
15. J. Morikawa, C. Leong, T. Hashimoto, T. Ogawa, Y. Urata, S. Wada, M. Higuchi, and J.-I. Takahashi, "Thermal conductivity/diffusivity of Nd3+ doped GdVO4, YVO4, LuVO4,and Y3Al5O12 by temperature wave analysis," J. Appl. Phys. 103, 063522 (2008).
16. S. M. Eaton, H. Zhang, M. L. Ng, J. Z. Li, W. J.Chen, S. Ho, and P. R. Herman, "Transition from thermal diffusion to heat accumulation in high repetition rate femtosecond laser writing of buried optical waveguides," Opt. Express 16, 9443-9458 (2008).
17. J. Morikawa and T. Hashimoto, "Thermal diffusivity of aromatic polyimide thin films by temperature wave analysis," J. Appl. Phys. 105, 113506 (2009).
18. Y. Bellouard, M. Dugan, A. A. Said, and P. Bado, "Thermal conductivity contrast measurement of fused silica exposed to low-energy femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 161911 (2006). (Pubitemid 44331054)
19. T. Hashimoto, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, "Void recording in silica," Appl. Phys. A 83, 337-340 (2006).
20. A. Marcinkevicius, V. Mizeikis, S. Juodkazis, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, "Effect of refractive index-mismatch on laser microfabrication in silica glass," Appl. Phys. A. 76, 257-260 (2003). (Pubitemid 35459453)
21. E. E. Gamaly, S. Juodkazis, K. Nishimura, H. Misawa, B. Luther-Davies, L. Hallo, P. Nicolai, and V. Tikhonchuk, "Laser-matter interaction in a bulk of a transparent solid: confined micro-explosion and void formation," Phys. Rev. B 73, 214101 (2006). (Pubitemid 43848245)
22. M. Shribak and R. Oldenbourg, "Techniques for fast and sensitive measurements of two-dimensional birefringence distributions," Appl. Opt. 42, 3009-3017 (2003).
23. E. Vanagas, I. Kudryashov, D. Tuzhilin, S. Juodkazis, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, "Surface nanostructuring of borosilicate glass by femtosecond nJ energy pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2901-2903 (2003).
24. S. Juodkazis, K. Yamasaki, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, "Formation of embedded patterns in glasses using femtosecond irradiation," Appl. Phys. A 79, 1549-1553 (2004).
25. S. Juodkazis, K. Nishimura, H. Misawa, T. Ebisui, R. Waki, S. Matsuo, and T. Okada, "Control over the state of crystallinity: Sapphire," Adv. Mat. 18, 1361-1364 (2006).
26. S. Juodkazis, K. Nishimura, S. Tanaka, H. Misawa, E. E. Gamaly, B. Luther-Davies, L. Hallo, P. Nicolai, and V. Tikhonchuk, "Laser-induced microexplosion confined in the bulk of a sapphire crystal: Evidence of multimegabar pressures," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 166101 (2006). (Pubitemid 43667861)
27. J. Morikawa, A. Orie, T. Hashimoto, and S. Juodkazis, "Thermal diffusivity in femtosecond-laser-structured micro-volumes of polymers," Appl. Phys. A. 98, 551-556 (2010).
28. B. Rogers, S. Pennathur, and J. Adams, Nanotechnology: understanding small systems (CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, 2008).
29. K. Ueno, S. Juodkazis, T. Shibuya, V. Mizeikis, Y. Yokota, and H. Misawa, "Nano-particle-enhanced photopolymerization," J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 11720-11724 (2009).
30. M. J. Assael, K. D. Antoniadis, and J. Wu, "New measurements of the thermal conductivity of PMMA, BK7, and Pyrex 7740 up to 450K," Int. J. Thermophys. 292, 1257-1266 (2008).
31. Y. Bellouard, T. Colomb, C. Depeursinge, M. Dugan, A. A. Said, and P. Bado, "Nanoindentation and birefringence measurements on fused silica specimen exposed to low-energy femtosecond pulses," Opt. Express 14, 8360-8366 (2006). (Pubitemid 44331054)
32. H. Aben, Photoelasticity of glass (Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1993).
33. E. Brasselet, N. Murazawa, H. Misawa, and S. Juodkazis, "Optical vortices from liquid crystal droplets," Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 103903 (2009).
34. V. Mizeikis, S. Kimura, N. V. Surovtsev, V. Jarutis, A. Saito, H. Misawa, and S.Juodkazis, "Formation of amorphous sapphire by a femtosecond-pulse-induced micro-explosion," Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 9745-9749 (2009).
35. L. Allen, M. J. Padgett, and M. Babiker, "The orbital angular momentum of light," Progress in Optics 39, 291-372 (1999).
36. M. Berry, "Making waves in physics," Nature 403, 21 (2000).
37. K. T. Gahagan and G. A. Swartzlander, "Optical vortex trapping of particles," Opt. Lett. 21, 827-829 (1996).
38. M. Harris, C. A. Hill, P. R. Tapster, and J. M. Vaughan, "Laser modes with helical wave fronts," Phys. Rev. A 49, 3119-3122 (1994).
39. G. Foo, D. M. Palacios, and G. A. Swartzlander, "Optical vortex coronagraph," Opt. Lett. 30, 3308-3310 (2005). (Pubitemid 43099186)
40. H. He, M. E. J. Friese, N. R. Heckenberg, and H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, "Direct observation of transfer of angularmomentum to absorptive particles from a laser-beam with a phase singularity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 826-829 (1995).
41. P. G. Eliseev, S. Juodkazis, T. Sugahara, H.-B. Sun, S. Matsuo, S. Sakai, and H. Misawa, "GaN surface ablation by fs-pulses: atomic force microscopy studies, accumulation effects," in Proceedings of High-Power Laser Ablation Conf. (SPIE Proc. 4065, 2000) pp.546-556.
42. R. A. L. Jones, Soft Condensed Matter (Oxford University Press, 2002).
43. A. K. Spilman and T. G. Brown, "Stress birefringent, space-variant wave plates for vortex illumination," Appl. Optics 46, 61-66 (2007).
44. M. E. J. Friese, T. A. Nieminen, N. R. Heckenberg, and H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, "Optical alignment and spinning of laser-trapped microscopic particles," Nature 394, 348-350 (1998). (Pubitemid 28373825)
45. S. Juodkazis, M. Shikata, T. Takahashi, S. Matsuo, and H. Misawa, "Fast optical swithing by a laser manipulated microdroplet of liquid crystal," Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 3627-3629 (1999). (Pubitemid 129561773)
46. S. Juodkazis, S. Matsuo, N. Murazawa, I. Hasegawa, and H. Misawa, "High-efficiency optical transfer of torque to a nematic liquid crystal," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4657-4659 (2003).
47. E. Brasselet, Y. Izdebskaya, V. Shvedov, A. S. Desyatnikov, W. Krolikowski, and Y. S. Kivshar, "Dynamics of optical spin-orbit coupling in uniaxial crystals," Opt. Lett. 34, 1021-1023 (2009).
48. A. Ciattoni, G. Cincotti, and C. Palma, "Angular momentum dynamics of a paraxial beam in a uniaxial crystal," Phys. Rev. E 67, 036618 (2003).
49. L. Marrucci, C.Manzo, and D. Paparo, "Optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in inhomogeneous anisotropic media," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 163905 (2006). (Pubitemid 43667809)
50. N. B. Simpson, K. Dholakia, L. Allen, and M. J. Padgett, "Mechanical equivalence of spin and orbital angular momentum of light: An optical spanner," Opt. Lett. 22, 52-54 (1997). (Pubitemid 127594230)
51. H. Misawa and S. Juodkazis, "Photophysics and photochemistry of a laser manipulated microparticle," Prog. Polym. Sci. 24, 665-697 (1999). (Pubitemid 30497912)
52. P. A. Williams, A. H. Rose, K. S. Lee, D. C. Conrad, G. W. Day, and P. D. Hale, "Optical, thermo-optic, electrooptic, and photoelastic properties of bismuth germanate ABi4Ge3O12B," Appl. Opt. 35, 3562-3569 (1996)
53. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooke's ̄ law
54. J. W. Kysar, "Path of light in near crack tip region in anisotropic medium and under mixed-mode loading," Int. J. Sol. Struct. 38, 5963-5973 (2001)
55. J. Reintjes and M. B. Schulz, "Photoelastic constants of selected ultrasonic delay-line crystals," J. Appl. Phys. 39, 5254-5258 (1968).
56. J. M.Winey, Y. M. Gupta, and D. E. Hare, "r-axis sound speed and elastic properties of sapphire single crystals," J. Appl. Phys. 90, 3109-3111 (2001). (Pubitemid 33600769)
57. T. A. Davis and K. Vedam, "Photoelastic properties of sapphire (-Al2O3)," J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4556-4557 (1967).
58. M. Beresna, T. Gertus, R. Tomasiunas, H. Misawa, and S. Juodkazis, "Three-dimensional modeling of the heataffected zone in laser machining applications," Laser Chemistry 2008, 976205 (2008).
59. K. Syassen, "Ruby under pressure," High Pressure Research 28, 75-126 (2008).