메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 537-566

Cognitive factions in a top management team: Surfacing and analyzing cognitive diversity using causal maps

Author keywords

Casual path analysis; Causal maps; Cognitive diversity; Cognitive factions; GME analysis; Strategic planning process; Top management teams

Indexed keywords


EID: 76149102970     PISSN: 09262644     EISSN: 15729907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10726-007-9099-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (110)
  • 4
    • 0030306784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams
    • Amason A (1996). Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: resolving a paradox for top management teams. Acad Manage J 39(1): 123-148.
    • (1996) Acad Manage J , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 123-148
    • Amason, A.1
  • 7
    • 85016386159 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of cognitive maps
    • R. Axelrod (Ed.), Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Axelrod R (1976b). The analysis of cognitive maps. In: Axelrod, R (eds) Structure of decision - the cognitive maps of political elites, pp 55-73. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
    • (1976) Structure of Decision - the Cognitive Maps of Political Elites , pp. 55-73
    • Axelrod, R.1
  • 8
    • 0002157988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charting organizational learning: A comparison of multiple mapping techniques
    • C. Eden and J.-C. Spender (Eds.), London, England: Sage Publications
    • Bood RP (1998). Charting organizational learning: a comparison of multiple mapping techniques. In: Eden, C and Spender, J-C (eds) Managerial and organizational cognition: theory, methods and research, pp 210-230. Sage Publications, London, England.
    • (1998) Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Theory, Methods, and Research , pp. 210-230
    • Bood, R.P.1
  • 9
    • 0000947216 scopus 로고
    • Uncovering cognitive maps - the self-Q technique
    • G. Morgan (Ed.), Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications
    • Bougon MG (1983). Uncovering cognitive maps - the self-Q technique. In: Morgan, G (eds) Beyond method: strategies for social research, pp 173-188. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA.
    • (1983) Beyond Method: Strategies for Social Research , pp. 173-188
    • Bougon, M.G.1
  • 10
    • 33749209192 scopus 로고
    • Congregate cognitive maps: A unified dynamic theory of organization and strategy
    • Bougon MG (1992). Congregate cognitive maps: a unified dynamic theory of organization and strategy. J Manage Stud 29(3): 369-389.
    • (1992) J Manage Stud , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 369-389
    • Bougon, M.G.1
  • 11
    • 0002487673 scopus 로고
    • Directing strategic change: A dynamic wholistic approach
    • A. S. Huff (Ed.), Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons
    • Bougon MG and Komocar JM (1990). Directing strategic change: a dynamic wholistic approach. In: Huff, AS (eds) Mapping strategic thought, pp 135-163. John Wiley & amp; Sons, Chichester, England.
    • (1990) Mapping Strategic Thought , pp. 135-163
    • Bougon, M.G.1    Komocar, J.M.2
  • 12
    • 84914528369 scopus 로고
    • Cognition in organizations: An analysis of the Utrecht Jazz Orchestra
    • Bougon MG, Weick K and Binkhorst D (1977). Cognition in organizations: an analysis of the Utrecht Jazz Orchestra. Adm Sci Q 22: 606-639.
    • (1977) Adm Sci Q , vol.22 , pp. 606-639
    • Bougon, M.G.1    Weick, K.2    Binkhorst, D.3
  • 13
    • 0002540796 scopus 로고
    • Identifying strategic loops: The self-Q interviews
    • A. S. Huff (Ed.), Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons
    • Bougon MG, Baird N, Komocar JM and Ross W (1990). Identifying strategic loops: the self-Q interviews. In: Huff, AS (eds) Mapping strategic thought, pp 327-354. John Wiley & amp; Sons, Chichester, England.
    • (1990) Mapping Strategic Thought , pp. 327-354
    • Bougon, M.G.1    Baird, N.2    Komocar, J.M.3    Ross, W.4
  • 14
    • 84989036230 scopus 로고
    • Performance and consensus
    • Bourgeois LJ III (1980). Performance and consensus. Strateg Manage J 1: 227-248.
    • (1980) Strateg Manage J , vol.1 , pp. 227-248
    • Bourgeois III, L.J.1
  • 18
    • 0001091185 scopus 로고
    • Intraorganizational ecology of strategy making and organizational adaptation: Theory and field research
    • Burgelman RA (1991). Intraorganizational ecology of strategy making and organizational adaptation: theory and field research. Organ Sci 2: 239-262.
    • (1991) Organ Sci , vol.2 , pp. 239-262
    • Burgelman, R.A.1
  • 19
    • 0001174075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of executive beliefs: Comparing functional conditioning and social influence
    • Chattopadhyay P, Glick WH, Miller CC and Huber GP (1999). Determinants of executive beliefs: comparing functional conditioning and social influence. Strateg Manage J 20: 763-789.
    • (1999) Strateg Manage J , vol.20 , pp. 763-789
    • Chattopadhyay, P.1    Glick, W.H.2    Miller, C.C.3    Huber, G.P.4
  • 20
    • 22944435500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducing Cognizer™: A comprehensive computer package for the elicitation and analysis of cause maps
    • Clarkson GP and Hodgkinson GP (2005). Introducing Cognizer™: a comprehensive computer package for the elicitation and analysis of cause maps. Organ Res Methods 8(3): 317-341.
    • (2005) Organ Res Methods , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 317-341
    • Clarkson, G.P.1    Hodgkinson, G.P.2
  • 22
    • 0001451430 scopus 로고
    • Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems
    • Daft RL and Weick KE (1984). Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems. Acad Manage Rev 9: 284-295.
    • (1984) Acad Manage Rev , vol.9 , pp. 284-295
    • Daft, R.L.1    Weick, K.E.2
  • 23
    • 84989045970 scopus 로고
    • Consensus on strategy formulation and organization performance: Competitors in a fragmented industry
    • Dess GG (1987). Consensus on strategy formulation and organization performance: competitors in a fragmented industry. Strateg Manage J 8: 259-277.
    • (1987) Strateg Manage J , vol.8 , pp. 259-277
    • Dess, G.G.1
  • 24
    • 0001079045 scopus 로고
    • Environment, structure and consensus in strategy formulation: A conceptual integration
    • Dess GG and Origer NK (1987). Environment, structure and consensus in strategy formulation: a conceptual integration. Acad Manage Rev 12: 313-330.
    • (1987) Acad Manage Rev , vol.12 , pp. 313-330
    • Dess, G.G.1    Origer, N.K.2
  • 25
    • 21844482752 scopus 로고
    • Consensus-performance research: Theoretical and empirical extensions
    • Dess GG and Priem RL (1995). Consensus-performance research: theoretical and empirical extensions. J Manage Stud 32: 401-418.
    • (1995) J Manage Stud , vol.32 , pp. 401-418
    • Dess, G.G.1    Priem, R.L.2
  • 26
    • 0002218923 scopus 로고
    • Categorizing strategic issues: Links to organizational action
    • Dutton JE and Jackson SE (1987). Categorizing strategic issues: links to organizational action. Acad manage Rev 121: 76-90.
    • (1987) Acad Manage Rev , vol.121 , pp. 76-90
    • Dutton, J.E.1    Jackson, S.E.2
  • 27
    • 84980221542 scopus 로고
    • Important dimensions for strategic issues: Separating the wheat from the chaff
    • Dutton JE, Walton EJ and Abrahamson E (1989). Important dimensions for strategic issues: separating the wheat from the chaff. J Manage Stud 264: 379-396.
    • (1989) J Manage Stud , vol.264 , pp. 379-396
    • Dutton, J.E.1    Walton, E.J.2    Abrahamson, E.3
  • 28
    • 3342894829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing cognitive maps to help structure issues or problems
    • Eden C (2004). Analyzing cognitive maps to help structure issues or problems. Eur J Oper Res 159: 673-686.
    • (2004) Eur J Oper Res , vol.159 , pp. 673-686
    • Eden, C.1
  • 30
    • 0002965391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysing and comparing idiographic causal maps
    • C. Eden and J.-C. Spender (Eds.), London, England: Sage Publications
    • Eden C and Ackermann F (1998b). Analysing and comparing idiographic causal maps. In: Eden, C and Spender, J-C (eds) Managerial and organizational cognition: theory, methods and research, pp 192-209. Sage Publications, London, England.
    • (1998) Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Theory, Methods and Research , pp. 192-209
    • Eden, C.1    Ackermann, F.2
  • 31
    • 0035606118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group decision and negotiation in strategy making
    • Eden C and Ackermann F (2001). Group decision and negotiation in strategy making. Group Decis Negotiation 10: 119-140.
    • (2001) Group Decis Negotiation , vol.10 , pp. 119-140
    • Eden, C.1    Ackermann, F.2
  • 33
  • 35
    • 0002202452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the dynamics of new venture top management teams: Cohesion, conflict, and new venture performance
    • Ensley MD, Pearson AW and Amason AC (2002). Understanding the dynamics of new venture top management teams: cohesion, conflict, and new venture performance. J Bus Ventur 17(4): 365-386.
    • (2002) J Bus Ventur , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 365-386
    • Ensley, M.D.1    Pearson, A.W.2    Amason, A.C.3
  • 36
    • 33749171242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process mapping and shared cognition: Teamwork and the development of shared problem models
    • E. Salas and S. M. Fiore (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Fiore SM and Schooler JW (2004). Process mapping and shared cognition: teamwork and the development of shared problem models. In: Salas, E and Fiore, SM (eds) Team cognition: understanding the factors that drive process and performance, pp. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
    • (2004) Team Cognition: Understanding the Factors that Drive Process and Performance
    • Fiore, S.M.1    Schooler, J.W.2
  • 37
    • 0021478853 scopus 로고
    • The natural logic of management policy making: Its implications for the survival of an organization
    • Hall R (1984). The natural logic of management policy making: its implications for the survival of an organization. Manage Sci 30: 905-927.
    • (1984) Manage Sci , vol.30 , pp. 905-927
    • Hall, R.1
  • 38
    • 21344486649 scopus 로고
    • Top management groups: A conceptual integration and reconsideration of the "Team" label
    • Hambrick DC (1994). Top management groups: a conceptual integration and reconsideration of the "Team" label. Res Organ Behav 16: 171-213.
    • (1994) Res Organ Behav , vol.16 , pp. 171-213
    • Hambrick, D.C.1
  • 39
    • 84968107667 scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation and the other problems CEOs have with their top management teams
    • Hambrick DC (1995). Fragmentation and the other problems CEOs have with their top management teams. Calif Manage Rev 37: 110-127.
    • (1995) Calif Manage Rev , vol.37 , pp. 110-127
    • Hambrick, D.C.1
  • 40
    • 34247471196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper echelons theory: An update
    • Hambrick DC (2007). Upper echelons theory: an update. Acad Manage Rev 32: 334-343.
    • (2007) Acad Manage Rev , vol.32 , pp. 334-343
    • Hambrick, D.C.1
  • 41
    • 0000194533 scopus 로고
    • Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers
    • Hambrick DC and Mason PA (1984). Upper echelons: the organization as a reflection of its top managers. Acad Manage Rev 9(2): 193-206.
    • (1984) Acad Manage Rev , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-206
    • Hambrick, D.C.1    Mason, P.A.2
  • 43
    • 0005016071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychology of strategic management: Diversity and cognition revisited
    • C. L. Cooper and I. T. Robertson (Eds.), Chichester: John Wiley & Sons
    • Hodgkinson GP (2001). The psychology of strategic management: diversity and cognition revisited. In: Cooper, CL and Robertson, IT (eds) International review of industrial and organizational psychology, vol 16, pp 65-119. John Wiley & amp; Sons, Chichester.
    • (2001) International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 65-119
    • Hodgkinson, G.P.1
  • 44
    • 0141745015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing managers' mental models of competition: Why self-report measures of belief similarity won't do
    • Hodgkinson GP (2002). Comparing managers' mental models of competition: why self-report measures of belief similarity won't do. Organ Stud 23(1): 63-12.
    • (2002) Organ Stud , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-12
    • Hodgkinson, G.P.1
  • 45
    • 22944448058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What have we learned from almost 30 years of research on causal mapping? Methodological lessons and choices for the information systems and information technology communities
    • V. K. Narayanan and D. J. Armstrong (Eds.), Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing
    • Hodgkinson GP and Clarkson GP (2005). What have we learned from almost 30 years of research on causal mapping? Methodological lessons and choices for the information systems and information technology communities. In: Narayanan, VK and Armstrong, DJ (eds) Causal mapping for research in information technology, pp 46-79. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, PA.
    • (2005) Causal Mapping for Research in Information Technology , pp. 46-79
    • Hodgkinson, G.P.1    Clarkson, G.P.2
  • 46
    • 76149094785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managerial and organizational cognition
    • M. Jenkins and V. Ambrosini (Eds.), Houndmills, England: Palgrave
    • Hodgkinson GP and Jenkins M (2002). Managerial and organizational cognition. In: Jenkins, M and Ambrosini, V (eds) Strategic management: a multi-perspective approach, pp 177-204. Palgrave, Houndmills, England.
    • (2002) Strategic Management: A Multi-Perspective Approach , pp. 177-204
    • Hodgkinson, G.P.1    Jenkins, M.2
  • 48
    • 0348227732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal cognitive mapping in the organizational strategy field: A comparison of alternative elicitation procedures
    • Hodgkinson GP, Maule AJ and Bown NJ (2004). Causal cognitive mapping in the organizational strategy field: a comparison of alternative elicitation procedures. Organ Res Methods 7(1): 3-26.
    • (2004) Organ Res Methods , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-26
    • Hodgkinson, G.P.1    Maule, A.J.2    Bown, N.J.3
  • 49
  • 50
    • 0011795006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. S. Huff and M. Jenkins (Eds.), London: Sage Publications
    • Huff AS, Jenkins M (eds) (2002). Mapping strategic knowledge. Sage Publications, London.
    • (2002) Mapping Strategic Knowledge
  • 53
    • 0001662678 scopus 로고
    • Consequences of group composition for the interpersonal dynamics of strategic issue processing
    • Jackson SE (1992). Consequences of group composition for the interpersonal dynamics of strategic issue processing. Adv Strateg Manage 8: 345-382.
    • (1992) Adv Strateg Manage , vol.8 , pp. 345-382
    • Jackson, S.E.1
  • 55
    • 0000043018 scopus 로고
    • Enhancing effectiveness: An investigation of advantages and disadvantages of value based intragroup conflict
    • Jehn KA (1994). Enhancing effectiveness: an investigation of advantages and disadvantages of value based intragroup conflict. Int J Confl Manage 5: 223-238.
    • (1994) Int J Confl Manage , vol.5 , pp. 223-238
    • Jehn, K.A.1
  • 56
    • 0031287459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups
    • Jehn KA (1997). A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups. Adm Sci Q 42: 530-557.
    • (1997) Adm Sci Q , vol.42 , pp. 530-557
    • Jehn, K.A.1
  • 57
    • 0035591709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamic nature of conflict: A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance
    • Jehn KA and Mannix EA (2001). The dynamic nature of conflict: a longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance. Academy of Manage J 44: 238-251.
    • (2001) Academy of Manage J , vol.44 , pp. 238-251
    • Jehn, K.A.1    Mannix, E.A.2
  • 58
    • 0011019549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The theory and practice of comparing causal maps
    • C. Eden and J.-C. Spender (Eds.), London, England: Sage Publications
    • Jenkins M (1998). The theory and practice of comparing causal maps. In: Eden, C and Spender, J-C (eds) Managerial and organizational cognition: theory, methods and research, pp 231-249. Sage Publications, London, England.
    • (1998) Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Theory, Methods and Research , pp. 231-249
    • Jenkins, M.1
  • 59
    • 0034381257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top management-team diversity and firm performance: Examining the role of cognitions
    • Kilduff M, Angelmar R and Mehra A (2000). Top management-team diversity and firm performance: examining the role of cognitions. Organ Sci 11: 21-34.
    • (2000) Organ Sci , vol.11 , pp. 21-34
    • Kilduff, M.1    Angelmar, R.2    Mehra, A.3
  • 60
    • 0000862519 scopus 로고
    • Team mental model: Construct or metaphor?
    • Klimoski R and Mohammed S (1994). Team mental model: construct or metaphor?. J Manage 20: 403-437.
    • (1994) J Manage , vol.20 , pp. 403-437
    • Klimoski, R.1    Mohammed, S.2
  • 63
    • 84993027155 scopus 로고
    • Exploring the need for a shared cognitive map
    • Langfield-Smith K (1992). Exploring the need for a shared cognitive map. J Manage Stud 29(3): 349-368.
    • (1992) J Manage Stud , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 349-368
    • Langfield-Smith, K.1
  • 64
    • 0027063292 scopus 로고
    • Measuring differences between cognitive maps
    • Langfield-Smith K and Wirth A (1992). Measuring differences between cognitive maps. J Oper Res Soc 43(12): 1135-1150.
    • (1992) J Oper Res Soc , vol.43 , Issue.12 , pp. 1135-1150
    • Langfield-Smith, K.1    Wirth, A.2
  • 65
    • 0009958626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. K. Lant and Z. Shapira (Eds.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
    • Lant TK, Shapira Z (eds) (2001). Organizational cognition: computation and interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, Mahwah, NJ.
    • (2001) Organizational Cognition: Computation and Interpretation
  • 66
    • 0032376002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic diversity and faultlines: The compositional dynamics of organizational groups
    • Lau DC and Murninghan JK (1998). Demographic diversity and faultlines: the compositional dynamics of organizational groups. Acad Manage Rev 23: 325-340.
    • (1998) Acad Manage Rev , vol.23 , pp. 325-340
    • Lau, D.C.1    Murninghan, J.K.2
  • 67
    • 21844522634 scopus 로고
    • Comparative cause mapping of organizational cognitions
    • Laukkanen M (1994). Comparative cause mapping of organizational cognitions. Organ Sci 5(3): 322-343.
    • (1994) Organ Sci , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 322-343
    • Laukkanen, M.1
  • 68
    • 0002329904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conducting causal mapping research: Opportunities and challenges
    • C. Eden and J.-C. Spender (Eds.), London, England: Sage Publications
    • Laukkanen M (1998). Conducting causal mapping research: opportunities and challenges. In: Eden, C and Spender, J-C (eds) Managerial and organizational cognition: theory, methods and research, pp 168-191. Sage Publications, London, England.
    • (1998) Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Theory, Methods and Research , pp. 168-191
    • Laukkanen, M.1
  • 69
    • 0031529150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The black box of organizational demography
    • Lawrence BS (1997). The black box of organizational demography. Organ Sci 8: 1-22.
    • (1997) Organ Sci , vol.8 , pp. 1-22
    • Lawrence, B.S.1
  • 70
    • 28744458622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factional groups: A new vantage on demographic faultlines, conflict, and disintegration in work teams
    • Li J and Hambrick DC (2005). Factional groups: a new vantage on demographic faultlines, conflict and disintegration in work teams. Acad Manage J 48: 704-813.
    • (2005) Acad Manage J , vol.48 , pp. 704-813
    • Li, J.1    Hambrick, D.C.2
  • 71
    • 0002427157 scopus 로고
    • The science of 'muddling through'
    • Lindbloom EE (1959). The science of 'muddling through'. Public Adm Rev 19: 78-88.
    • (1959) Public Adm Rev , vol.19 , pp. 78-88
    • Lindbloom, E.E.1
  • 72
    • 85019467477 scopus 로고
    • Top management, strategy and organizational knowledge structures
    • Lyles MA and Schwenk CR (1992). Top management, strategy and organizational knowledge structures. J Manage Stud 29: 155-174.
    • (1992) J Manage Stud , vol.29 , pp. 155-174
    • Lyles, M.A.1    Schwenk, C.R.2
  • 73
    • 0031287514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring beliefs: Accept no substitutes
    • Markoczy L (1997). Measuring beliefs: accept no substitutes. Acad Manage J 40: 1228-1242.
    • (1997) Acad Manage J , vol.40 , pp. 1228-1242
    • Markoczy, L.1
  • 74
    • 0041903527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus formation during strategic change
    • Markoczy L (2001). Consensus formation during strategic change. Strateg Manage J 22: 1013-1031.
    • (2001) Strateg Manage J , vol.22 , pp. 1013-1031
    • Markoczy, L.1
  • 75
    • 76149126931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Book review: G.P. Hodgkinson and P. R. Sparrow: The competent organization: A psychological analysis of the strategic management process
    • Markoczy L (2006). Book review: G. P. Hodgkinson and P. R. Sparrow: the competent organization: a psychological analysis of the strategic management process. Organ Stud 27(1): 154-157.
    • (2006) Organ Stud , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 154-157
    • Markoczy, L.1
  • 76
    • 0000079906 scopus 로고
    • A method for eliciting and comparing causal maps
    • Markoczy L and Goldberg J (1995). A method for eliciting and comparing causal maps. J Manage 21(2): 305-333.
    • (1995) J Manage , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 305-333
    • Markoczy, L.1    Goldberg, J.2
  • 77
    • 0030542732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups
    • Milliken F and Martins LL (1996). Searching for common threads: understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Acad Manage Rev 21: 402-433.
    • (1996) Acad Manage Rev , vol.21 , pp. 402-433
    • Milliken, F.1    Martins, L.L.2
  • 78
    • 33846366100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • V. K. Narayanan and D. J. Armstrong (Eds.), Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing
    • Narayanan VK, Armstrong DJ (eds) (2005). Causal mapping for research in information technology. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, PA.
    • (2005) Causal Mapping for Research in Information Technology
  • 79
    • 0002495178 scopus 로고
    • The micropolitics of strategy formulation
    • Narayanan VK and Fahey L (1982). The micropolitics of strategy formulation. Acad Manage Rev 7: 25-34.
    • (1982) Acad Manage Rev , vol.7 , pp. 25-34
    • Narayanan, V.K.1    Fahey, L.2
  • 80
    • 0039258361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing methods for mapping organizational cognition
    • Nicolini D (1999). Comparing methods for mapping organizational cognition. Organ Stud 20(5): 833-860.
    • (1999) Organ Stud , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 833-860
    • Nicolini, D.1
  • 81
    • 0037678684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic diversity, conflict, and work group outcomes: An intervening process theory
    • Pelled LH (1996). Demographic diversity, conflict and work group outcomes: an intervening process theory. Organ Sci 7: 615-631.
    • (1996) Organ Sci , vol.7 , pp. 615-631
    • Pelled, L.H.1
  • 82
    • 0033247477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the black box: An analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance
    • Pelled LH, Eisenhardt KM and Xin KR (1999). Exploring the black box: an analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance. Adm Sci Q 44: 1-28.
    • (1999) Adm Sci Q , vol.44 , pp. 1-28
    • Pelled, L.H.1    Eisenhardt, K.M.2    Xin, K.R.3
  • 83
    • 84989096034 scopus 로고
    • On studying managerial elites
    • Pettigrew AM (1992). On studying managerial elites. Strateg Manage J 13: 163-182.
    • (1992) Strateg Manage J , vol.13 , pp. 163-182
    • Pettigrew, A.M.1
  • 84
    • 84980313829 scopus 로고
    • Competitive groups as cognitive communities: The case of Scottish knitwear manufacturers
    • Porac JF, Thomas H and Baden-Fuller C (1989). Competitive groups as cognitive communities: the case of Scottish knitwear manufacturers. J Manage Stud 26: 397-416.
    • (1989) J Manage Stud , vol.26 , pp. 397-416
    • Porac, J.F.1    Thomas, H.2    Baden-Fuller, C.3
  • 85
    • 0003189799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is strategy
    • Porter ME (1996). What is strategy. Harv Bus Rev 74(Nov-Dec): 61-78.
    • (1996) Harv Bus Rev , vol.74 , Issue.Nov-Dec , pp. 61-78
    • Porter, M.E.1
  • 86
    • 0003106484 scopus 로고
    • The core competence of the corporation
    • Prahalad CK and Hamel G (1990). The core competence of the corporation. Harv Bus Rev 70: 79-93.
    • (1990) Harv Bus Rev , vol.70 , pp. 79-93
    • Prahalad, C.K.1    Hamel, G.2
  • 88
    • 0001963721 scopus 로고
    • Managerial thought structures and competitive positioning
    • A. S. Huff (Ed.), Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons
    • Reger RK (1990). Managerial thought structures and competitive positioning. In: Huff, AS (eds) Mapping strategic thought, pp 71-88. John Wiley & amp; Sons, Chichester, England.
    • (1990) Mapping Strategic Thought , pp. 71-88
    • Reger, R.K.1
  • 89
    • 0002437452 scopus 로고
    • Group approaches for improving strategy decision making: A comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy and consensus
    • Schweiger DM, Sandberg WR and Ragan JW (1986). Group approaches for improving strategy decision making: a comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy and consensus. Acad Manage J 29: 51-71.
    • (1986) Acad Manage J , vol.29 , pp. 51-71
    • Schweiger, D.M.1    Sandberg, W.R.2    Ragan, J.W.3
  • 93
    • 0002909960 scopus 로고
    • Top management team consensus, heterogeneity, and debate as contingent predictors of company performance: The complimentarity of group structure and process
    • Simons TL (1995) Top management team consensus, heterogeneity, and debate as contingent predictors of company performance: the complimentarity of group structure and process. In: Academy of management best paper proceedings, pp 62-66.
    • (1995) In: Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings , pp. 62-66
    • Simons, T.L.1
  • 94
    • 0033475048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making use of difference: Diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams
    • Simons T, Pelled LH and Smith KA (1999). Making use of difference: diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams. Acad Manage J 42: 662-673.
    • (1999) Acad Manage J , vol.42 , pp. 662-673
    • Simons, T.1    Pelled, L.H.2    Smith, K.A.3
  • 95
    • 10944271986 scopus 로고
    • Top management team demography and process: The role of social integration and communication
    • Smith KG, Smith KA, Olian JD, Sims HP, O'Bannon DP and Scully JA (1994). Top management team demography and process: the role of social integration and communication. Adm Sci Q 39: 412-438.
    • (1994) Adm Sci Q , vol.39 , pp. 412-438
    • Smith, K.G.1    Smith, K.A.2    Olian, J.D.3    Sims, H.P.4    O'Bannon, D.P.5    Scully, J.A.6
  • 96
    • 38749147007 scopus 로고
    • Strategy, distinctive competence, and organizational performance
    • Snow CC and Hrebiniak LG (1980). Strategy, distinctive competence and organizational performance. Adm Sci Q 25: 317-336.
    • (1980) Adm Sci Q , vol.25 , pp. 317-336
    • Snow, C.C.1    Hrebiniak, L.G.2
  • 98
    • 0016930627 scopus 로고
    • Defining corporate strengths and weaknesses
    • Stevenson HR (1976). Defining corporate strengths and weaknesses. Sloan Manage Rev 17: 51-58.
    • (1976) Sloan Manage Rev , vol.17 , pp. 51-58
    • Stevenson, H.R.1
  • 100
    • 0037399252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group cognitive mapping: A methodology and system for capturing and evaluating managerial and organizational cognition
    • Tegarden DP and Sheetz SD (2003). Group cognitive mapping: a methodology and system for capturing and evaluating managerial and organizational cognition. Omega 31: 113-125.
    • (2003) Omega , vol.31 , pp. 113-125
    • Tegarden, D.P.1    Sheetz, S.D.2
  • 101
    • 76149127272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using causal mapping to uncover cognitive diversity within a top management team
    • V. K. Narayanan and D. J. Armstrong (Eds.), Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing
    • Tegarden DP, Tegarden LF and Sheetz SD (2005). Using causal mapping to uncover cognitive diversity within a top management team. In: Narayanan, VK and Armstrong, DJ (eds) Causal mapping for research in information technology, pp 203-232. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey, PA.
    • (2005) Causal Mapping for Research in Information Technology , pp. 203-232
    • Tegarden, D.P.1    Tegarden, L.F.2    Sheetz, S.D.3
  • 102
    • 84934453930 scopus 로고
    • Being different: Relational demography and organizational attachment
    • Tsui AS, Egan TD and O'Reilly CA (1992). Being different: relational demography and organizational attachment. Adm Sci Q 37: 549-579.
    • (1992) Adm Sci Q , vol.37 , pp. 549-579
    • Tsui, A.S.1    Egan, T.D.2    O'Reilly, C.A.3
  • 103
    • 84889485920 scopus 로고
    • Group size and anonymity effects on computer-mediated idea generation
    • Valacich JS, Dennis AR and Nunamaker JF (1992). Group size and anonymity effects on computer-mediated idea generation. Small Group Res 23: 49-73.
    • (1992) Small Group Res , vol.23 , pp. 49-73
    • Valacich, J.S.1    Dennis, A.R.2    Nunamaker, J.F.3
  • 104
    • 0001527385 scopus 로고
    • Selectivity and selective perception: An investigation of managers' belief structures and information processing
    • Walsh JP (1988). Selectivity and selective perception: an investigation of managers' belief structures and information processing. Acad Manage J 31: 873-896.
    • (1988) Acad Manage J , vol.31 , pp. 873-896
    • Walsh, J.P.1
  • 105
    • 21844505757 scopus 로고
    • Managerial and organizational cognition: Notes from a trip down memory lane
    • Walsh JP (1995). Managerial and organizational cognition: notes from a trip down memory lane. Organ Sci 6: 280-321.
    • (1995) Organ Sci , vol.6 , pp. 280-321
    • Walsh, J.P.1
  • 106
    • 84970123388 scopus 로고
    • The role of negotiated belief structures in strategy making
    • Walsh JP and Fahey L (1986). The role of negotiated belief structures in strategy making. J Manage 12: 325-338.
    • (1986) J Manage , vol.12 , pp. 325-338
    • Walsh, J.P.1    Fahey, L.2
  • 108
    • 0001824431 scopus 로고
    • Organizations as cognitive maps: Charting ways to success and failure
    • H. Sims and D. Gioia (Eds.), San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
    • Weick KE and Bougon MG (1986). Organizations as cognitive maps: charting ways to success and failure. In: Sims, H and Gioia, D (eds) The thinking organization: dynamics of organization cognition, pp 102-135. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
    • (1986) The Thinking Organization: Dynamics of Organization Cognition , pp. 102-135
    • Weick, K.E.1    Bougon, M.G.2
  • 109
    • 14844363097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography and diversity in organizations: A review of 40 years of research
    • B. Staw and R. Sutton (Eds.), Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
    • Williams KY and O'Reilly CA (1998). Demography and diversity in organizations: a review of 40 years of research. In: Staw, B and Sutton, R (eds) Research in organizational behavior, vol 20, pp 77-140. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT.
    • (1998) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.20 , pp. 77-140
    • Williams, K.Y.1    O'Reilly, C.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.