Review of the use of phytosterols as a detection tool for adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil

Food Additives and Contaminants - Part A

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-10

  Azadmard Damirchi, Sodeif ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TABRIZ   (Iran)

Author keywords

Additives; Authenticity; Chromatographic analysis; Chromatography; GC; GC MS; General; Oils and fats; Olive oil

Indexed keywords

4 MONOMETHYLSTEROL; 4,4 DIMETHYLSTEROL; 5 METHYLHEPT 2 EN 4 ONE; ARACHIS OIL; DELTA 7 STIGMASTENOL; DELTA7 AVENASTEROL; HAZELNUT OIL; LUPEOL; NORSTEROL; OLIVE OIL; PHYTOSTEROL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; EDIBLE OIL; PENTACYCLIC TRITERPENE; VEGETABLE OIL;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HAZELNUT; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; QUALITY CONTROL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SEPARATION TECHNIQUE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; FOOD CONTAMINATION; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; REVIEW; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; STANDARD; THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY;

CORYLUS;

CHROMATOGRAPHY, THIN LAYER; CORYLUS; DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED; FOOD CONTAMINATION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; PENTACYCLIC TRITERPENES; PHYTOSTEROLS; PLANT OILS; QUALITY CONTROL; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION;

EID: 75649122240     PISSN: 19440049     EISSN: 14645122     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02652030903225773     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Azadmard-Damirchi S, Dutta PC. 2006. Novel solid-phase extraction method to separate 4-desmethyl-, 4-mono-methyland 4,4-dimethylsterols in vegetable oils. J Chromatogr A. 1108:183-187.
2. Azadmard-Damirchi S, Dutta PC. 2007. Free and esterified 4,4′-dimethylsterols in hazelnut oil and their retention during refining processes. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 84:297-304.
3. Azadmard-Damirchi S, Savage GP, Dutta PC. 2005. Sterol fractions in hazelnut and virgin olive oils and 4,4′-dimethylsterols as possible markers for detection of adulteration of virgin olive oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 82:717-725.
4. Baeten V, Ndez Pierna JAF, Dardenne P, Meurens M, Garciaa-Gonzaa Lez DL, Aparicio R. 2005. Detection of the presence of hazelnut oil in olive oil by FT-Raman and FT-MIR spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem. 53:6201-6206.
5. Benitez-Sanchez PL, Camacho LM, Aparicio R. 2003. A comprehensive study of hazelnut oil composition with comparisons to other vegetable oils, particularly olive oil. Eur Food Res Technol. 218:13-19.
6. Blanch GP, Caja M del M, Ruiz del Castillo ML, Herraiz M. 1998. Comparison of different methods for the evaluation of the authenticity of olive oil and hazelnut oil. J Agric Food Chem. 46:3153-3157.
7. Bohacenko I, Kopicova Z. 2001. Detection of olive oil authenticity by determination of their sterol content using LC/GC. Czech J Food Sci. 19:97-103.
8. Boskou D, Blekas G, Tsimidou M. 2006. Olive oil composition. In: Boskou D, editor. Olive oil: chemistry and technology champaign. (IL): AOCS Press. p. 41-72.
9. Bøwadt S, Aparicio R. 2003. The detection of the adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil: a challenge for the chemist. Inform. 14:342-344.
10. Cercaci L, Rodriguez-Estrada MT, Lercker G. 2003. Solidphase extraction-thin-layer chromatography-gas chromatography method for the detection of hazelnut oil in olive oils by determination of esterified sterols. J Chromatogr A. 985:211-220.
11. Christie WW. 2002. Lipid analysis. 3rd ed. Bridgwater, Ayr: Oily Press.
12. Christopoulou E, Lazaraki M, Komaitis M, Kaselimis K. 2004. Effectiveness of determinations of fatty acids and triglycerides for the detection of adulteration of olive oils with vegetable oils. Food Chem. 84:463-474.
13. European Union Research Committee 2001. Development and Assessment of Method for the Detection of Adulteration of Olive Oil with Hazelnut Oil. Brussels, Belgium: EU Press Release.
14. Flores G, Ruiz del Castillo ML, Blanch GP, Herraiz M. 2006a. Detection of the adulteration of olive oils by solid phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography. Food Chem. 97:336-342.
15. Flores G, Ruiz del Castillo ML, Herraiz M, Blanch GP, Herraiz M. 2006b. Study of the adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil by on-line coupled high performance liquid chromatographic and gas chromatographic analysis of filbertone. Food Chem. 97:742-749.
16. 13C NMR techniques and artificial neural networks to detect the adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil. Eur Food Res Technol. 219:545-548.
17. Gómez-Ariza JL, Arias-Borrego A, García-Barrera T, Beltran R. 2006a. Comparative study of electrospray and photospray ionization sources coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer for olive oil authentication. Talanta. 70:859-869.
18. Gómez-Ariza JL, Arias-Borrego A, García-Barrera T. 2006b. Use of flow injection atmospheric pressure photoionization quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry for fast olive oil fingerprinting. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 20:1181-1186.
19. Goodwin TW. 1980. Biosynthesis of sterols. In: Stumpf PK, Conn EE, editors. Vol. 4. The biochemistry of plants. lipids: structure and function. London: Academic Press. p. 485-507.
20. Ham B, Butler B, Thionville P. 2000. Evaluating the isolation of quantification of sterols in seed oils by solid-phase extraction and capillary gas-liquid chromatography. LC-GC. 18:1174-1181.
21. Hartmann MA. 1998. Plant sterols and the membrane environment. Trends Plant Sci. 3:170-175.
22. IOOC. 2003. International Olive Oil Council. World Olive Oil Consumption. Available from: www.internationaloliveoil.org/
23. Itoh T, Tamura T, Matsumoto T. 1973a. Methylsterol composition of 19 vegetable oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 50:300-303.
24. Itoh T, Tamura T, Matsumoto T. 1973b. Sterol composition of 19 vegetable oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 50:122-125.
25. Jimenez-de-Blas O, Valle-Gonzalez A-Del. 1996. Determination of sterols by capillary column gas chromatography. Differentiation among different types of olive oil: virgin, refined, and solvent-extracted. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 73:1685-1689.
26. Kornfeldt A, Croon LB. 1981. 4-Demethyl-, 4-monomethyland 4,4-dimethylsterols in some vegetable oils. Lipids. 16:306-314.
27. Kuksis A. 2004. Analysis of phytosterols in biological samples. In: Dutta PC, editor. Phytosterols as functional food components and nutraceuticals. New York: Marcel Dekker. p. 133-190.
28. López-Díez EC, Bianchi G, Goodarcre R. 2003. Rapid quantitative assessment of the adulteration of virgin olive oils with hazelnut oils using Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. JAgric Food Chem. 51:6145-6150.
29. Luchetti F. 2000. Introduction. In: Harwood J, Aparicio R, editors. Handbook of olive oil: analysis and properties. Gaithersburg (MD): Aspen. p. 1-16.
30. Mariani C, Bellan G, Lestini E, Aparicio R. 2006. The detection of the presence of hazelnut oil in olive oil by free and esterified sterols. Eur Food Res Technol. 223:655-661.
31. Mariani C, Bellan G, Morchio G, Pellegrino A. 1999. I componenti minori liberi ed esterificati dellaolio di oliva e dellaolio di nocciola: loro possibile utilizzo nellaindividua-zione di commistioni. Riv Ital Sostanze Grasse. 76:297-305.
32. Morales MT, Leon-Camacho M. 2000. Gas and liquid chromatography: methodology applied to olive oil. In: Harwood J, Aparicio R, editors. Handbook of olive oil: analysis and properties. Gaithersburg (MD): Aspen. p. 159-208.
33. Moreau RA. 2005. Phytosterols and phytosterol esters. In: Akoh CA, Lai OM, editors. Healthful Lipids. Champaign (IL): AOCS Press. p. 335-360.
34. Moss GP. 1989. The nomenclature of steroids: recommendations by the IUPAC-IUB joint commission on biochemical nomenclature. Eur J Biochem. 186:429-458.
35. Nigam N, Prasad S, Shukla Y. 2007. Preventive effects of lupeol on DMBA induced DNA alkylation damage in mouse skin. Food Chem Toxicol. 45:2331-2335.
36. Ntsourankoua T, Artaud J, Guerere M. 1994. Triterpene alcohols in virgin olive oil and refined olive pomace oil. Annales des Falsifications de l'Expertise Chimique et Toxicologique. 87:91-107.
37. Ollivier D, Bruckert B, Noyer C, Guerere M, Artaud A. 1999. Multicriteria analysis for the research of virgin olive oil by hazelnut and almond oils. Annales des Falsifications de l'Expertise Chimique et Toxicologique. 92:163-178.
38. Ozen BF, Mauer LJ. 2002. Detection of hazelnut oil adulteration using FT-IR spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem. 50:3898-3901.
39. Parcerisa J, Casals I, Boatella J, Codony R, Rafecas M. 2000. Analysis of olive and hazelnut oil mixtures by highperformance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of triacylglycerols and gas-liquid chromatography of non-saponifiable compounds (tocopherols and sterols). J Chromatogr A. 881:149-158.
40. Pena F, Cardenas S, Gallego M, Valcarcel M. 2005. Direct olive oil authentication: detection of adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil by direct coupling of headspace and mass spectrometry, and multivariate regression techniques. J Chromatogr A. 1074:215-221.
41. Petrakis C. 2006. Olive oil extraction. In: Boskou D, editor. Olive oil: chemistry and technology. 2nd ed. Champaign (IL): AOCS Press. p. 191-224.
42. Piironen V, Lindsay DG, Miettinen TA, Toivo J, Lampi AM. 2000. Plant sterols: biosynthesis, biological function and their importance to human nutrition. J Sci Food Agric. 80:939-966.
43. Ruiz del Castillo ML, Caja M del M, Herraiz M, Blanch GP. 1998. Rapid recognition of olive oil adulterated with hazelnut oil by direct analysis of the nantiomeric composition of filbertone. J Agric Food Chem. 468:5128-5131.
44. Sayago A, Morales MT, Aparicio R. 2004. Detection of hazelnut oil in virgin olive oil by a spectrofluorimetric method. Eur Food Res Technol. 218:480-483.
45. Sudhahar V, Kumar SA, Mythili Y, Varalakshmi P. 2007. Remedial effect of lupeol and its ester derivative on hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nutr Res. 27:778-787.
46. Toivo T, Piironen V, Kalo P, Varo P. 1998. Gas chromatographic determination of major sterols in edible oils and fats using solid-phase extraction in sample preparation. Chromatographia. 48:745-750.
47. Vichi S, Pizzale L, Toffano E, Bortolomeazzi R, Conte L. 2001. Detection of hazelnut oil in virgin olive oil by assessment of free sterols and triacylglycerols. J AOAC Int. 84:1534-1541.
48. Zabaras D, Gordon MH. 2004. Detection of pressed hazelnut oil in virgin olive oil by analysis of polar components: improvement and validation of the method. Food Chem. 84:475-483.
49. Zampounis V. 2006. Olive oil in the world market. In: Boskou D, editor. Olive oil: Chemistry and Technology, Champaign (IL): AOCS Press. p. 21-40.