메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 62, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 2-17

Formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics: Relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy: Part 1. Characterization, frequency and relevance of sensitization, and frequency of use in cosmetics

Author keywords

2 bromo 2 nitropropane 1,3 diol; 5 bromo 5 nitro 1,3 dioxane; Benzylhemiformal; Cosmetics; Diazolidinyl urea; DMDM hydantoin; Formaldehyde; Formaldehyde releaser; Imidazolidinyl urea; Quaternium 15; Sodium hydroxymethylglycinate; Toiletries

Indexed keywords

1,3 DIMETHYLOL 5,5 DIMETHYLHYDANTOIN; 5 BROMO 5 NITRO 1,3 DIOXANE; BENZYLHEMIFORMAL; BRONOPOL; COSMETIC; DIAZOLIDINYL UREA; DIOXANE DERIVATIVE; DOMESTIC CHEMICAL; FORMALDEHYDE; GLYCINE DERIVATIVE; HYDANTOIN DERIVATIVE; IMIDAZOLIDINYL UREA; METHANOL DERIVATIVE; NEOMYCIN; PAINT; PETROLATUM; PRESERVATIVE; QUATERNIUM 15; SODIUM HYDROXYMETHYLGLYCINATE; TOPICAL AGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UREA DERIVATIVE;

EID: 74949107201     PISSN: 01051873     EISSN: 16000536     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01615.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (84)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 69249135513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formaldehyde-releasers: Relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy. Contact allergy to formaldehyde and inventory of formaldehyde-releasers.
    • de Groot A C, Flyvhol M-A, Lensen G J, Menné T, Coenraads P J. Formaldehyde-releasers: relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy. Contact allergy to formaldehyde and inventory of formaldehyde-releasers. Contact Dermatitis 2009 : 61 : 63 85.
    • (2009) Contact Dermatitis , vol.61 , pp. 63-85
    • De Groot, A.C.1    Flyvhol, M.-A.2    Lensen, G.J.3    Menné, T.4    Coenraads, P.J.5
  • 2
    • 0027381817 scopus 로고
    • Identification of formaldehyde releasers and occurrence of formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in registered chemical products
    • Flyvholm M-A, Andersen P. Identification of formaldehyde releasers and occurrence of formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in registered chemical products. Am J Ind Med 1993 : 24 : 533 552.
    • (1993) Am J Ind Med , vol.24 , pp. 533-552
    • Flyvholm, M.-A.1    Andersen, P.2
  • 3
    • 33750895891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing with components of water-based metalworking fluids: Results of a multicentre study with a second series
    • Geier J, Lessmann H, Becker D et al. Patch testing with components of water-based metalworking fluids: results of a multicentre study with a second series. Contact Dermatitis 2006 : 55 : 322 329.
    • (2006) Contact Dermatitis , vol.55 , pp. 322-329
    • Geier, J.1    Lessmann, H.2    Becker, D.3
  • 4
    • 7044220921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test results with the metalworking fluid series of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG)
    • Geier J, Lessmann H, Dickel H et al. Patch test results with the metalworking fluid series of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG). Contact Dermatitis 2004 : 51 : 118 130.
    • (2004) Contact Dermatitis , vol.51 , pp. 118-130
    • Geier, J.1    Lessmann, H.2    Dickel, H.3
  • 5
    • 7044219930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact sensitizations in metalworkers with occupational dermatitis exposed to water-based metalworking fluids: Results of the research project "faSt"
    • Geier J, Lessmann H, Schnuch A, Uter W. Contact sensitizations in metalworkers with occupational dermatitis exposed to water-based metalworking fluids: results of the research project "FaSt". Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2004 : 77 : 543 551.
    • (2004) Int Arch Occup Environ Health , vol.77 , pp. 543-551
    • Geier, J.1    Lessmann, H.2    Schnuch, A.3    Uter, W.4
  • 6
    • 0030903046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kontaktallergien durch formaldehydabspaltende Biozide
    • Geier J, Lessmann H, Schuch A, Fuchs Th. Kontaktallergien durch formaldehydabspaltende Biozide. Allergologie 1997 : 20 : 215 224.
    • (1997) Allergologie , vol.20 , pp. 215-224
    • Geier, J.1    Lessmann, H.2    Schuch, A.3    Fuchs, T.4
  • 7
    • 0029740973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kontaktallergien durch industriel verwendete Biozide. Ergebnisse des Informationsverbunds Dermatologischer Kliniken (IVDK) und der Deutschen Kontaktallergiegruppe.
    • Geier J, Kleinhans D, Peters K-P. Kontaktallergien durch industriel verwendete Biozide. Ergebnisse des Informationsverbunds Dermatologischer Kliniken (IVDK) und der Deutschen Kontaktallergiegruppe. Dermatosen 1996 : 44 : 154 159.
    • (1996) Dermatosen , vol.44 , pp. 154-159
    • Geier, J.1    Kleinhans, D.2    Peters, K.-P.3
  • 8
    • 0031708476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobials, preservatives, antiseptics and disinfectants
    • Goossens A, Claes L, Drieghe J, Put E. Antimicrobials, preservatives, antiseptics and disinfectants. Contact Dermatitis 1998 : 39 : 133 134.
    • (1998) Contact Dermatitis , vol.39 , pp. 133-134
    • Goossens, A.1    Claes, L.2    Drieghe, J.3    Put, E.4
  • 9
    • 22144441736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservatives in registered chemical products
    • Flyvholm M-A. Preservatives in registered chemical products. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 53 : 27 32.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.53 , pp. 27-32
    • Flyvholm, M.-A.1
  • 10
    • 0020680877 scopus 로고
    • Allergic contact dermatitis to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol in a hydrophilic ointment
    • Storrs F J, Bell D E. Allergic contact dermatitis to 2-bromo-2- nitropropane-1,3-diol in a hydrophilic ointment. J Am Acad Dermatol 1983 : 8 : 157 170.
    • (1983) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.8 , pp. 157-170
    • Storrs, F.J.1    Bell, D.E.2
  • 11
    • 38549119579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing trends and allergens in the patch test standard series. A Mayo Clinic 5-year retrospective review, January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2005.
    • Davis M D, Scalf L A, Yiannias J A et al. Changing trends and allergens in the patch test standard series. A Mayo Clinic 5-year retrospective review, January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2005. Arch Dermatol 2008 : 144 : 67 72.
    • (2008) Arch Dermatol , vol.144 , pp. 67-72
    • Davis, M.D.1    Scalf, L.A.2    Yiannias, J.A.3
  • 12
    • 13844262799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2001-2002 study period
    • Pratt M D, Belsito D V, DeLeo V A et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2001-2002 study period. Dermatitis 2004 : 15 : 176 183.
    • (2004) Dermatitis , vol.15 , pp. 176-183
    • Pratt, M.D.1    Belsito, D.V.2    Deleo, V.A.3
  • 13
    • 10744220763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 1998-2000
    • Marks J G Jr, Belsito D V, DeLeo V A et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 1998-2000. Am J Contact Dermat 2003 : 14 : 59 68.
    • (2003) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.14 , pp. 59-68
    • Jr, G.M.J.1    Belsito, D.V.2    Deleo, V.A.3
  • 14
    • 0033952897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results, 1996-1998
    • Marks J G Jr., Belsito D V, DeLeo V A et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results, 1996-1998. Arch Dermatol 2000 : 136 : 272 273.
    • (2000) Arch Dermatol , vol.136 , pp. 272-273
    • Marks Jr., J.G.1    Belsito, D.V.2    Deleo, V.A.3
  • 15
    • 0031808340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results for the detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity to topical allergens
    • Marks J G Jr, Belsito D V, DeLeo V A et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results for the detection of delayed-type hypersensitivity to topical allergens. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998 : 38 : 911 918.
    • (1998) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.38 , pp. 911-918
    • Jr, G.M.J.1    Belsito, D.V.2    Deleo, V.A.3
  • 16
    • 0029081860 scopus 로고
    • North American Contact Dermatitis Group standard tray patch test results 1992 through 1994
    • Marks J G, Belsito D V, DeLeo V A et al. North American Contact Dermatitis Group standard tray patch test results 1992 through 1994. Am J Contact Dermat 1995 : 6 : 160 165.
    • (1995) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.6 , pp. 160-165
    • Marks, J.G.1    Belsito, D.V.2    Deleo, V.A.3
  • 17
    • 34547736991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact sensitivity to preservatives in the UK 2004-2005: Results of a multicentre study
    • Jong C T, Statham B N, Green C M et al. Contact sensitivity to preservatives in the UK 2004-2005: results of a multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis 2007 : 57 : 165 168.
    • (2007) Contact Dermatitis , vol.57 , pp. 165-168
    • Jong, C.T.1    Statham, B.N.2    Green, C.M.3
  • 18
    • 0037325968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The British standard series of contact dermatitis allergens: Validation in clinical practice and value for clinical governance
    • Britton J E, Wilkinson S M, English J S C et al. The British standard series of contact dermatitis allergens: validation in clinical practice and value for clinical governance. Br J Dermatol 2003 : 148 : 259 264.
    • (2003) Br J Dermatol , vol.148 , pp. 259-264
    • Britton, J.E.1    Wilkinson, S.M.2    English, J.S.C.3
  • 19
    • 0036656755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test reactions to Biobans in metalworkers are often weak and not reproducible
    • Brinkmeier T, Geier J, Lepoittevin J-P, Frosch P J. Patch test reactions to Biobans in metalworkers are often weak and not reproducible. Contact Dermatitis 2002 : 47 : 27 31.
    • (2002) Contact Dermatitis , vol.47 , pp. 27-31
    • Brinkmeier, T.1    Geier, J.2    Lepoittevin, J.-P.3    Frosch, P.J.4
  • 20
    • 0029805221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactions to formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in a standard series
    • Kränke B, Szolar-Platzer C, Aberer W. Reactions to formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers in a standard series. Contact Dermatitis 1996 : 35 : 192 193.
    • (1996) Contact Dermatitis , vol.35 , pp. 192-193
    • Kränke, B.1    Szolar-Platzer, C.2    Aberer, W.3
  • 21
    • 0028364331 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of sensitization to 13 common preservatives in Switzerland
    • Perrenoud D, Bircher A, Hunziker T et al. Frequency of sensitization to 13 common preservatives in Switzerland. Contact Dermatitis 1994 : 30 : 276 279.
    • (1994) Contact Dermatitis , vol.30 , pp. 276-279
    • Perrenoud, D.1    Bircher, A.2    Hunziker, T.3
  • 23
    • 0001816199 scopus 로고
    • The problem of preservation in the 1990s: I. Statement of the problem. Solution(s) of the industry, and the current use of formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing biocides.
    • Fransway A F. The problem of preservation in the 1990s: I. Statement of the problem. Solution(s) of the industry, and the current use of formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing biocides. Am J Contact Dermat 1991 : 2 : 6 23.
    • (1991) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.2 , pp. 6-23
    • Fransway, A.F.1
  • 24
    • 0001816198 scopus 로고
    • The problem of preservation in the 1990s: II Formaldehyde-releasing biocides: Incidences of cross-reactivity and the significance of the positive reponse to formaldehyde
    • Fransway A F, Schmitz N A. The problem of preservation in the 1990s : II. Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing biocides: incidences of cross-reactivity and the significance of the positive reponse to formaldehyde. Am J Contact Dermat 1991 : 2 : 78 88.
    • (1991) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.2 , pp. 78-88
    • Fransway, A.F.1    Schmitz, N.A.2
  • 25
    • 22144439073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test reactions to cosmetic allergens in 1995-1997 and 2000-2002 in Finland -a multicentre study
    • Hasan T, Rantanen T, Alanko K et al. Patch test reactions to cosmetic allergens in 1995-1997 and 2000-2002 in Finland -a multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 53 : 40 45.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.53 , pp. 40-45
    • Hasan, T.1    Rantanen, T.2    Alanko, K.3
  • 26
    • 23944515558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch test results from the Mayo Contact Dermatitis Group, 1998-2000
    • Wetter D A, Davis M D P, Yiannias J A et al. Patch test results from the Mayo Contact Dermatitis Group, 1998-2000. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005 : 53 : 416 421.
    • (2005) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.53 , pp. 416-421
    • Wetter, D.A.1    Davis, M.D.P.2    Yiannias, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 0031941788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch testing with preservatives, antimicrobials and industrial biocides. Results from a multicentre study.
    • Schnuch A, Geier J, Uter W, Frosch P J. Patch testing with preservatives, antimicrobials and industrial biocides. Results from a multicentre study. Br J Dermatol 1998 : 138 : 467 476.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.138 , pp. 467-476
    • Schnuch, A.1    Geier, J.2    Uter, W.3    Frosch, P.J.4
  • 29
    • 33847616155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time trends in Swedish patch test data from 1992 to 2000. A multi-centre study based on age- and sex-adjusted results of the Swedish standard series.
    • Lindberg M, Edman B, Fischer T, Stenberg B. Time trends in Swedish patch test data from 1992 to 2000. A multi-centre study based on age- and sex-adjusted results of the Swedish standard series. Contact Dermatitis 2007 : 56 : 205 210.
    • (2007) Contact Dermatitis , vol.56 , pp. 205-210
    • Lindberg, M.1    Edman, B.2    Fischer, T.3    Stenberg, B.4
  • 30
    • 0024574352 scopus 로고
    • Contact sensitivity to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II)
    • Perrett C M, Happle R. Contact sensitivity to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II). Arch Dermatol Res 1989 : 281 : 57 59.
    • (1989) Arch Dermatol Res , vol.281 , pp. 57-59
    • Perrett, C.M.1    Happle, R.2
  • 31
    • 0023118645 scopus 로고
    • Experimental delayed contact sensitization to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) in guinea pigs
    • Stephens T J, Drake K D, Drotman R B. Experimental delayed contact sensitization to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) in guinea pigs. Contact Dermatitis 1987 : 16 : 164 168.
    • (1987) Contact Dermatitis , vol.16 , pp. 164-168
    • Stephens, T.J.1    Drake, K.D.2    Drotman, R.B.3
  • 32
    • 0021149629 scopus 로고
    • Human studies that determine the sensitizing potential of haptens. Experimental allergic contact dermatitis
    • Jordan W P. Human studies that determine the sensitizing potential of haptens. Experimental allergic contact dermatitis. Dermatol Clin 1984 : 2 : 533 538.
    • (1984) Dermatol Clin , vol.2 , pp. 533-538
    • Jordan, W.P.1
  • 34
    • 0033849620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergic contact dermatitis from glutaraldehyde in health care workers
    • Shaffer M P, Belsito D V. Allergic contact dermatitis from glutaraldehyde in health care workers. Contact Dermatitis 2000 : 43 : 150 156.
    • (2000) Contact Dermatitis , vol.43 , pp. 150-156
    • Shaffer, M.P.1    Belsito, D.V.2
  • 36
    • 0036656718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact allergy from DMDM hydantoin, 1994-2000
    • Uter W, Frosch P J. Contact allergy from DMDM hydantoin, 1994-2000. Contact Dermatitis 2002 : 47 : 57 58.
    • (2002) Contact Dermatitis , vol.47 , pp. 57-58
    • Uter, W.1    Frosch, P.J.2
  • 37
    • 33645083435 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of formaldehyde release from the cosmetic preservative Germall 115
    • Johansen M, Bundgaard H. Kinetics of formaldehyde release from the cosmetic preservative Germall 115. Arch Pharm Chemi Sci Ed 1981 : 9 : 117 122.
    • (1981) Arch Pharm Chemi Sci Ed , vol.9 , pp. 117-122
    • Johansen, M.1    Bundgaard, H.2
  • 38
    • 33645922137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of vehicle and concentration of imidazolidinylurea, with attention to formaldehyde status
    • Rietschel R L, Bruze M, Gruvberger B et al. The relationship of vehicle and concentration of imidazolidinylurea, with attention to formaldehyde status. Dermatitis 2006 : 17 : 48 49.
    • (2006) Dermatitis , vol.17 , pp. 48-49
    • Rietschel, R.L.1    Bruze, M.2    Gruvberger, B.3
  • 39
    • 0032749664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concomitant positive patch test reactions to allergens in a patch testing standard series from 1988-1997
    • Albert M R, Chang Y, Gonz ález E. Concomitant positive patch test reactions to allergens in a patch testing standard series from 1988-1997. Am J Contact Dermat 1999 : 10 : 219 223.
    • (1999) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.10 , pp. 219-223
    • Albert, M.R.1    Chang, Y.2    Gonz Ález, E.3
  • 40
    • 0013648863 scopus 로고
    • Quaternium-15
    • Guin, J.D. (ed.). New York. McGraw-Hill
    • Fransway A F. Quaternium-15. In: Practical Contact Dermatitis, Guin JD (ed.): New York, McGraw-Hill, 1995 : pp. 223 232.
    • (1995) Practical Contact Dermatitis , pp. 223-232
    • Fransway, A.F.1
  • 41
    • 34447330114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 20 years of standard patch testing in an eczema population with focus on patients with multiple contact allergies
    • Carlsen B C, Menné T, Johansen J D. 20 years of standard patch testing in an eczema population with focus on patients with multiple contact allergies. Contact Dermatitis 2007 : 57 : 76 83.
    • (2007) Contact Dermatitis , vol.57 , pp. 76-83
    • Carlsen, B.C.1    Menné, T.2    Johansen, J.D.3
  • 42
    • 38349042315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European Surveillance System of Contact Allergies (ESSCA): Results of patch testing the standard series, 2004
    • on behalf of the ESSCA writing group
    • Uter W, on behalf of the ESSCA writing group. The European Surveillance System of Contact Allergies (ESSCA): results of patch testing the standard series, 2004. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008 : 22 : 174 181.
    • (2008) J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol , vol.22 , pp. 174-181
    • Uter, W.1
  • 43
    • 24744454354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European standard series in 9 European countries, 2002/2003 -First results of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies
    • Uter W, Hegewald J, Aberer W et al. The European standard series in 9 European countries, 2002/2003 -First results of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 53 : 136 145.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.53 , pp. 136-145
    • Uter, W.1    Hegewald, J.2    Aberer, W.3
  • 44
    • 24744447196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common contact sensitizers in the Czech Republic. Patch test results in 12,058 patients with suspected contact dermatitis.
    • Machovcova A, Dastychova E, Kostalova D et al. Common contact sensitizers in the Czech Republic. Patch test results in 12,058 patients with suspected contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 53 : 162 166.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.53 , pp. 162-166
    • MacHovcova, A.1    Dastychova, E.2    Kostalova, D.3
  • 45
    • 24744460504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring the European Standard Series in 10 centres 1996-2000
    • (EECDRG)
    • Bruynzeel D P, Diepgen T L, Andersen K E et al (EECDRG). Monitoring the European Standard Series in 10 centres 1996-2000. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 53 : 146 152.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.53 , pp. 146-152
    • Bruynzeel, D.P.1    Diepgen, T.L.2    Andersen, K.E.3    Al, E.4
  • 46
    • 33745906214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Standard Series patch test results from a contact dermatitis clinic in Israel during the 7-year period from 1998 to 2004
    • Lazarov A. European Standard Series patch test results from a contact dermatitis clinic in Israel during the 7-year period from 1998 to 2004. Contact Dermatitis 2006 : 55 : 73 76.
    • (2006) Contact Dermatitis , vol.55 , pp. 73-76
    • Lazarov, A.1
  • 47
    • 20544476472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact sensitivity to standard series allergens in 1038 patients with contact dermatitis in Turkey
    • Akyol A, Boyvat A, Peksari Y, Gürgey E. Contact sensitivity to standard series allergens in 1038 patients with contact dermatitis in Turkey. Contact Dermatitis 2005 : 52 : 333 337.
    • (2005) Contact Dermatitis , vol.52 , pp. 333-337
    • Akyol, A.1    Boyvat, A.2    Peksari, Y.3    Gürgey, E.4
  • 48
    • 33846408299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard patch test results in patients with contact dermatitis in Israel: Age and sex differences
    • Freireich-Astman M, David M, Trattner A. Standard patch test results in patients with contact dermatitis in Israel: age and sex differences. Contact Dermatitis 2007 : 56 : 103 107.
    • (2007) Contact Dermatitis , vol.56 , pp. 103-107
    • Freireich-Astman, M.1    David, M.2    Trattner, A.3
  • 49
    • 0001171637 scopus 로고
    • A 5-year study of contact allergy to quaternium-15
    • Parker L U, Taylor J S. A 5-year study of contact allergy to quaternium-15. Am J Contact Dermat 1991 : 2 : 231 234.
    • (1991) Am J Contact Dermat , vol.2 , pp. 231-234
    • Parker, L.U.1    Taylor, J.S.2
  • 50
    • 74949105648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of use of preservatives in the United States. Paper given at Preservatech, Paris. Available at. (last accessed 29 January 2009)
    • Steinberg D. Frequency of use of preservatives in the United States. Paper given at Preservatech, Paris, 1996 : Available at: www.creative- developments.co.uk/papers/Preservatives%201999.htm (last accessed 29 January 2009).
    • (1996)
    • Steinberg, D.1
  • 51
    • 3042670619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypersensitivity to preservatives
    • Sasseville D. Hypersensitivity to preservatives. Dermatol Ther 2004 : 17 : 251 263.
    • (2004) Dermatol Ther , vol.17 , pp. 251-263
    • Sasseville, D.1
  • 52
    • 0026706350 scopus 로고
    • A survey of formaldehyde in shampoos and skin creams on the Danish market
    • Rastogi S C. A survey of formaldehyde in shampoos and skin creams on the Danish market. Contact Dermatitis 1992 : 27 : 235 240.
    • (1992) Contact Dermatitis , vol.27 , pp. 235-240
    • Rastogi, S.C.1
  • 53
    • 0026566120 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of formaldehyde detection using chromotropic acid, acetylacetone and HPLC in cosmetics and household products
    • Gryllaki-Berger M, Mugny Ch, Perrenoud D, Pannatier A, Frenk E. A comparative study of formaldehyde detection using chromotropic acid, acetylacetone and HPLC in cosmetics and household products. Contact Dermatitis 1992 : 26 : 149 154.
    • (1992) Contact Dermatitis , vol.26 , pp. 149-154
    • Gryllaki-Berger, M.1    Mugny, C.2    Perrenoud, D.3    Pannatier, A.4    Frenk, E.5
  • 54
    • 0031915872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservatives in moisturizers on the Swedish market
    • Gruvberger B, Bruze M, Tammela M. Preservatives in moisturizers on the Swedish market. Acta Derm Venereol 1998 : 78 : 52 56.
    • (1998) Acta Derm Venereol , vol.78 , pp. 52-56
    • Gruvberger, B.1    Bruze, M.2    Tammela, M.3
  • 55
    • 0033663444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical control of preservative labelling on skin creams
    • Rastogi S C. Analytical control of preservative labelling on skin creams. Contact Dermatitis 2000 : 43 : 339 343.
    • (2000) Contact Dermatitis , vol.43 , pp. 339-343
    • Rastogi, S.C.1
  • 56
    • 35348915913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of petrolatum and aqueous verhicles for detecting allergy to imidazolidinylurea, diazolidinylurea, and DMDM hydantoin: A retrospective analysis from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group
    • Rietschel R L, Warshaw E M, Sasseville D et al. Sensitivity of petrolatum and aqueous verhicles for detecting allergy to imidazolidinylurea, diazolidinylurea, and DMDM hydantoin: A retrospective analysis from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group. Dermatitis 2007 : 18 : 155 162.
    • (2007) Dermatitis , vol.18 , pp. 155-162
    • Rietschel, R.L.1    Warshaw, E.M.2    Sasseville, D.3
  • 57
    • 0025637071 scopus 로고
    • Pitfalls in patch testing: Problems with rather than from Kathon CG
    • Aberer W, Reiter E, Gailhofer G. Pitfalls in patch testing: problems with rather than from Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis 1993 : 23 : 380 381.
    • (1993) Contact Dermatitis , vol.23 , pp. 380-381
    • Aberer, W.1    Reiter, E.2    Gailhofer, G.3
  • 60
    • 0019046307 scopus 로고
    • Cosmetic dermatitis. Part II. Reactions to some commonly used preservatives.
    • Fisher A A. Cosmetic dermatitis. Part II. Reactions to some commonly used preservatives. Cutis 1980 : 26 : 136.
    • (1980) Cutis , vol.26 , pp. 136
    • Fisher, A.A.1
  • 61
    • 4043145787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers: How much avoidance of cross-reacting agents is required?
    • Herbert C, Rietschel R L. Formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers: how much avoidance of cross-reacting agents is required? Contact Dermatitis 2004 : 50 : 371 373.
    • (2004) Contact Dermatitis , vol.50 , pp. 371-373
    • Herbert, C.1    Rietschel, R.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.