메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 860-868

Etiopathogenesis and treatment of Parkinson's disease

Author keywords

Alpha synuclein; Lewy body; LRRK2; Mitochondria; Oxidative stress; Parkinson's disease; PINK1

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONIST; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; APOMORPHINE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BROMOCRIPTINE MESILATE; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CARBIDOPA PLUS LEVODOPA; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ENTACAPONE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; LEVODOPA; NEUROTRANSMITTER; PIRIBEDIL; PLACEBO; PRAMIPEXOLE; RASAGILINE; ROPINIROLE; ROTIGOTINE; SELEGILINE; TOCOPHEROL; TOLCAPONE;

EID: 74249119940     PISSN: 15680266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/156802609789378227     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 36248985106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the genetics of Parkinson's disease
    • Gasser, T. Update on the genetics of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 2007, 22 (Suppl. 17), S343-S350.
    • (2007) Mov. Disord , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 17
    • Gasser, T.1
  • 3
    • 37049004489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria in the aetiology and pathogenesis of parkinson's disease
    • Schapira, A. H. Mitochondria in the aetiology and pathogenesis of parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2008, 7, 97-109.
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol , vol.7 , pp. 97-109
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 4
    • 34250716407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira, A. H. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Cell Death Differ. 2007, 14, 1261-1266.
    • (2007) Cell Death Differ , vol.14 , pp. 1261-1266
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 5
    • 0347133331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection in Parkinson disease: Mysteries, myths, and misconceptions
    • Schapira, A. H.; Olanow, C. W. Neuroprotection in Parkinson disease: mysteries, myths, and misconceptions. JAMA 2004, 291, 358-364.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 358-364
    • Schapira, A.H.1    Olanow, C.W.2
  • 6
    • 32544432029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: Diagnosis and Management
    • Chaudhuri, K. R.; Healy, D. G.; Schapira, A. H. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: Diagnosis and Management. Lancet Neurol. 2006, 5, 235-245.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , pp. 235-245
    • Chaudhuri, K.R.1    Healy, D.G.2    Schapira, A.H.3
  • 7
    • 0036392590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages)
    • Braak, H.; Del, T. K.; Bratzke, H.; Hamm-Clement, J.; Sandmann-Keil, D.; Rub, U. Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages). J. Neurol. 2002, 249 (Suppl. 3), III/1-III/5.
    • (2002) J. Neurol , vol.249 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Braak, H.1    Del, T.K.2    Bratzke, H.3    Hamm-Clement, J.4    Sandmann-Keil, D.5    Rub, U.6
  • 8
    • 64349083816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: Dopaminergic pathophysiology and treatment
    • Chaudhuri K. R.; Schapira A. H. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: dopaminergic pathophysiology and treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2009, 8, 464-474.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 464-474
    • Chaudhuri, K.R.1    Schapira, A.H.2
  • 9
    • 0036791096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic abnormalities in amygdaloid nuclei in major depression: A postmortem study
    • Klimek, V.; Schenck, J. E.; Han, H.; Stockmeier, C. A.; Ordway, G. A. Dopaminergic abnormalities in amygdaloid nuclei in major depression: a postmortem study. Biol. Psychiatry 2002, 52, 740-748.
    • (2002) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 740-748
    • Klimek, V.1    Schenck, J.E.2    Han, H.3    Stockmeier, C.A.4    Ordway, G.A.5
  • 10
    • 13844254136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa uptake and frontal cognitive functions in early Parkinson's disease
    • Bruck, A.; Aalto, S.; Nurmi, E.; Bergman, J.; Rinne, J. O. Cortical 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa uptake and frontal cognitive functions in early Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 2005, 26, 891-898.
    • (2005) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.26 , pp. 891-898
    • Bruck, A.1    Aalto, S.2    Nurmi, E.3    Bergman, J.4    Rinne, J.O.5
  • 11
    • 33846096265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of motor complications in Parkinson disease: Postsynaptic mechanisms are crucial
    • Linazasoro, G. Pathophysiology of motor complications in Parkinson disease: postsynaptic mechanisms are crucial. Arch. Neurol. 2007, 64, 137-140.
    • (2007) Arch. Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 137-140
    • Linazasoro, G.1
  • 13
    • 33846078664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic mechanisms of motor complications in Parkinson disease
    • de la Fuente-Fernández R. Presynaptic mechanisms of motor complications in Parkinson disease. Arch. Neurol. 2007, 64, 141-143.
    • (2007) Arch. Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 141-143
    • de la Fuente-Fernández, R.1
  • 14
    • 0033695789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous dopamine-receptor stimulation in early Parkinson's disease
    • Olanow, W.; Schapira, A. H.; Rascol, O. Continuous dopamine-receptor stimulation in early Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci. 2000, 23, S117-S126.
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci , vol.23
    • Olanow, W.1    Schapira, A.H.2    Rascol, O.3
  • 15
    • 2442570592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease modification in Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira, A. H. Disease modification in Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2004, 3, 362-368.
    • (2004) Lancet Neurol , vol.3 , pp. 362-368
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 16
    • 45449092100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole has astrocyte-mediated neuroprotective effects against lactacystin toxicity
    • Imamura, K.; Takeshima, T.; Nakaso, K.; Ito, S.; Nakashima, K. Pramipexole has astrocyte-mediated neuroprotective effects against lactacystin toxicity. Neurosci. Lett. 2008, 440, 97-102.
    • (2008) Neurosci. Lett , vol.440 , pp. 97-102
    • Imamura, K.1    Takeshima, T.2    Nakaso, K.3    Ito, S.4    Nakashima, K.5
  • 17
    • 28744439018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D3 receptor-preferring agonists induce neurotrophic effects on mesencephalic dopamine neurons
    • Du, F.; Li, R.; Huang, Y.; Li, X.; Le, W. Dopamine D3 receptor-preferring agonists induce neurotrophic effects on mesencephalic dopamine neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 2005, 22, 2422-2430.
    • (2005) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 2422-2430
    • Du, F.1    Li, R.2    Huang, Y.3    Li, X.4    Le, W.5
  • 18
    • 9744276661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole protects against apoptotic cell death by non-dopaminergic mechanisms
    • Gu, M.; Iravani, M. M.; Cooper, J. M.; King, D.; Jenner, P.; Schapira, A. H. Pramipexole protects against apoptotic cell death by non-dopaminergic mechanisms. J. Neurochem. 2004, 91, 1075-1081.
    • (2004) J. Neurochem , vol.91 , pp. 1075-1081
    • Gu, M.1    Iravani, M.M.2    Cooper, J.M.3    King, D.4    Jenner, P.5    Schapira, A.H.6
  • 19
    • 0034725743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase of bcl-2 protein in neuronal dendritic processes of cerebral cortex and hippocampus by the antiparkinsonian drugs, talipexole and pramipexole
    • Takata, K.; Kitamura, Y.; Kakimura, J.; Kohno, Y.; Taniguchi, T. Increase of bcl-2 protein in neuronal dendritic processes of cerebral cortex and hippocampus by the antiparkinsonian drugs, talipexole and pramipexole. Brain Res. 2000, 872, 236-241.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.872 , pp. 236-241
    • Takata, K.1    Kitamura, Y.2    Kakimura, J.3    Kohno, Y.4    Taniguchi, T.5
  • 21
    • 0034680964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dopamine agonist pramipexole scavenges hydroxyl free radicals induced by striatal application of 6-hydroxydopamine in rats: An in vivo microdialysis study
    • Ferger, B.; Teismann, P.; Mierau, J. The dopamine agonist pramipexole scavenges hydroxyl free radicals induced by striatal application of 6-hydroxydopamine in rats: an in vivo microdialysis study. Brain Res. 2000, 883, 216-223.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.883 , pp. 216-223
    • Ferger, B.1    Teismann, P.2    Mierau, J.3
  • 22
    • 33645835905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patch clamp reveals powerful blockade of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by the D2-receptor agonist pramipexole
    • Sayeed, I.; Parvez, S.; Winkler-Stuck, K.; Seitz, G.; Trieu, I.; Wallesch, C. W.; Schonfeld, P.; Siemen, D. Patch clamp reveals powerful blockade of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by the D2-receptor agonist pramipexole. FASEB J. 2006, 20, 556-558.
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20 , pp. 556-558
    • Sayeed, I.1    Parvez, S.2    Winkler-Stuck, K.3    Seitz, G.4    Trieu, I.5    Wallesch, C.W.6    Schonfeld, P.7    Siemen, D.8
  • 23
    • 0346094441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of ATP levels alters the mode of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in primary cortical cultures: Effects of putative neuroprotective agents
    • Huang, F.; Vemuri, M. C.; Schneider, J. S. Modulation of ATP levels alters the mode of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in primary cortical cultures: effects of putative neuroprotective agents. Brain Res. 2004, 997, 79-88.
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.997 , pp. 79-88
    • Huang, F.1    Vemuri, M.C.2    Schneider, J.S.3
  • 24
    • 0042382779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole inhibits MPTP toxicity in mice by dopamine D3 receptor dependent and independent mechanisms
    • Ramirez, A. D.; Wong, S. K.; Menniti, F. S. Pramipexole inhibits MPTP toxicity in mice by dopamine D3 receptor dependent and independent mechanisms. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2003, 475, 29-35.
    • (2003) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.475 , pp. 29-35
    • Ramirez, A.D.1    Wong, S.K.2    Menniti, F.S.3
  • 26
    • 47349086173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous subcutaneous infusion of pramipexole protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced dopaminergic cell death without affecting the inflammatory response
    • Iravani, M. M.; Sadeghian, M.; Leung, C. C.; Tel, B. C.; Rose, S.; Schapira, A. H.; Jenner, P. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of pramipexole protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced dopaminergic cell death without affecting the inflammatory response. Exp. Neurol. 2008, 212, 522-531.
    • (2008) Exp. Neurol , vol.212 , pp. 522-531
    • Iravani, M.M.1    Sadeghian, M.2    Leung, C.C.3    Tel, B.C.4    Rose, S.5    Schapira, A.H.6    Jenner, P.7
  • 27
    • 39649098053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D2/D3 receptor agonist ropinirole protects dopaminergic cell line against rotenone-induced apoptosis through inhibition of caspase- and JNK-dependent pathways
    • Chen, S.; Zhang, X.; Yang, D.; Du, Y.; Li, L.; Li, X.; Ming, M.; Le, W. D2/D3 receptor agonist ropinirole protects dopaminergic cell line against rotenone-induced apoptosis through inhibition of caspase- and JNK-dependent pathways. FEBS Lett. 2008, 582, 603-610.
    • (2008) FEBS Lett , vol.582 , pp. 603-610
    • Chen, S.1    Zhang, X.2    Yang, D.3    Du, Y.4    Li, L.5    Li, X.6    Ming, M.7    Le, W.8
  • 28
    • 47249083512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential modulation of Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta pathway regulates apoptotic and cytoprotective signaling responses
    • Nair, V. D.; Olanow, C. W. Differential modulation of Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta pathway regulates apoptotic and cytoprotective signaling responses. J. Biol. Chem. 2008, 283, 15469-15478.
    • (2008) J. Biol. Chem , vol.283 , pp. 15469-15478
    • Nair, V.D.1    Olanow, C.W.2
  • 29
    • 0035007296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism in activation of glutathione system by ropinirole, a selective dopamine D2 agonist
    • Tanaka, K.; Miyazaki, I.; Fujita, N.; Haque, M. E.; Asanuma, M.; Ogawa, N. Molecular mechanism in activation of glutathione system by ropinirole, a selective dopamine D2 agonist. Neurochem. Res. 2001, 26, 31-36.
    • (2001) Neurochem. Res , vol.26 , pp. 31-36
    • Tanaka, K.1    Miyazaki, I.2    Fujita, N.3    Haque, M.E.4    Asanuma, M.5    Ogawa, N.6
  • 30
    • 0033554203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist
    • Iida, M.; Miyazaki, I.; Tanaka, K.; Kabuto, H.; Iwata-Ichikawa, E.; Ogawa, N. Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist. Brain Res. 1999, 838, 51-59.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.838 , pp. 51-59
    • Iida, M.1    Miyazaki, I.2    Tanaka, K.3    Kabuto, H.4    Iwata-Ichikawa, E.5    Ogawa, N.6
  • 33
    • 56349096248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zoccarato, F.; Cappellotto, M.; Alexandre, A. Clorgyline and other propargylamine derivatives as inhibitors of succinate-dependent H(2)O(2) release at NADH:UBIQUINONE oxidoreductase (Complex I) in brain mitochondria. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 2008, 40, 289-296.
    • Zoccarato, F.; Cappellotto, M.; Alexandre, A. Clorgyline and other propargylamine derivatives as inhibitors of succinate-dependent H(2)O(2) release at NADH:UBIQUINONE oxidoreductase (Complex I) in brain mitochondria. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 2008, 40, 289-296.
  • 34
    • 43549107707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of neuroprotective and neurorestorative capabilities of rasagiline and selegiline against lactacystin-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration
    • Zhu, W.; Xie, W.; Pan, T.; Jankovic, J.; Li, J.; Youdim, M. B.; Le, W. Comparison of neuroprotective and neurorestorative capabilities of rasagiline and selegiline against lactacystin-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. J. Neurochem. 2008, 105, 1970-1978.
    • (2008) J. Neurochem , vol.105 , pp. 1970-1978
    • Zhu, W.1    Xie, W.2    Pan, T.3    Jankovic, J.4    Li, J.5    Youdim, M.B.6    Le, W.7
  • 35
    • 37049015753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of neurotrophic factors GDNF and BDNF associated with the mechanism of neurorescue action of rasagiline and ladostigil: New insights and implications for therapy
    • Weinreb, O.; Amit, T.; Bar-Am, O.; Youdim, M. B. Induction of neurotrophic factors GDNF and BDNF associated with the mechanism of neurorescue action of rasagiline and ladostigil: new insights and implications for therapy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2007, 1122, 155-168.
    • (2007) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , vol.1122 , pp. 155-168
    • Weinreb, O.1    Amit, T.2    Bar-Am, O.3    Youdim, M.B.4
  • 37
    • 53149110450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical relevance of levodopa toxicity in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira A. H. The clinical relevance of levodopa toxicity in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 2008, 23 (Suppl. 3), S515-520.
    • (2008) Mov. Disord , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 38
    • 61949458087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and clinical pathways to neuroprotection of dopaminergic drugs in Parkinson disease
    • Schapira, A. H. Molecular and clinical pathways to neuroprotection of dopaminergic drugs in Parkinson disease. Neurology 2009, 72, S44-S50.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 39
    • 2342655732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled, randomized, delayed-start study of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease. The Parkinson Study Group
    • A controlled, randomized, delayed-start study of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease. The Parkinson Study Group. Arch. Neurol. 2004, 61, 561-566.
    • (2004) Arch. Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 561-566
  • 40
    • 67651165337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of early versus delayed rasagiline treatment in early Parkinson's disease
    • Hauser, R. A.; Lew, M. F.; Hurtig, H. I.; Ondo, W. G.; Wojcieszek, J.; Fitzer-Attas, C. J. Long-term outcome of early versus delayed rasagiline treatment in early Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 2009, 24, 564-573.
    • (2009) Mov. Disord , vol.24 , pp. 564-573
    • Hauser, R.A.1    Lew, M.F.2    Hurtig, H.I.3    Ondo, W.G.4    Wojcieszek, J.5    Fitzer-Attas, C.J.6
  • 41
    • 70349259923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early versus delayed initiation of entacapone in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson's disease: A long-term, retrospective analysis
    • in press
    • Nissinen, H.; Kuoppamäki, M.; Leinonen, M.; Schapira, A.H. Early versus delayed initiation of entacapone in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson's disease: a long-term, retrospective analysis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2009, in press.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Neurol
    • Nissinen, H.1    Kuoppamäki, M.2    Leinonen, M.3    Schapira, A.H.4
  • 42
    • 0027530638 scopus 로고
    • Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson Study Group
    • Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 1993, 328, 176-183.
    • (1993) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.328 , pp. 176-183
  • 44
    • 0033385038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does selegiline modify the progression of early Parkinson's disease? Results from a five-year study. The Norwegian-Danish Study Group
    • Larsen, J. P.; Boas, J.; Erdal, J. E. Does selegiline modify the progression of early Parkinson's disease? Results from a five-year study. The Norwegian-Danish Study Group. Eur. J. Neurol. 1999, 6, 539-547.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 539-547
    • Larsen, J.P.1    Boas, J.2    Erdal, J.E.3
  • 45
    • 0030042620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of deprenyl and tocopherol treatment on Parkinson's disease in DATATOP subjects not requiring levodopa. Parkinson Study Group
    • Impact of deprenyl and tocopherol treatment on Parkinson's disease in DATATOP subjects not requiring levodopa. Parkinson Study Group. Ann. Neurol. 1996, 39, 29-36.
    • (1996) Ann. Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 29-36
  • 46
    • 33846438955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, blind, controlled trial of transdermal rotigotine in early Parkinson disease
    • Watts, R. L.; Jankovic, J.; Waters, C.; Rajput, A.; Boroojerdi, B.; Rao, J. Randomized, blind, controlled trial of transdermal rotigotine in early Parkinson disease. Neurology 2007, 68, 272-276.
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.68 , pp. 272-276
    • Watts, R.L.1    Jankovic, J.2    Waters, C.3    Rajput, A.4    Boroojerdi, B.5    Rao, J.6
  • 48
    • 0037012478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole vs levodopa on Parkinson disease progression. Parkinson Study Group
    • Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole vs levodopa on Parkinson disease progression. Parkinson Study Group. JAMA 2002, 287, 1653-1661.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 1653-1661
  • 49
    • 72649086957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of early vs. delayed treatment with pramipexole on new onset Parkinson's disease
    • P1366
    • Schapira A. H.; Hsu H. H.; Scrine K.; Gordon M. F.; Marek K. L. PROUD: The impact of early vs. delayed treatment with pramipexole on new onset Parkinson's disease. Eur. J. Neurol. 2008, 15 (Suppl. 3), 132 (P1366).
    • (2008) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.15 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 132
    • Schapira, A.H.1    Hsu, H.H.2    Scrine, K.3    Gordon, M.F.4    Marek, K.5    PROUD, L.6
  • 50
    • 26444597591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does levodopa slow or hasten the rate of progression of Parkinson's disease?
    • Fahn, S. Does levodopa slow or hasten the rate of progression of Parkinson's disease? J. Neurol. 2005, 252 (Suppl. 4), IV37-IV42.
    • (2005) J. Neurol , vol.252 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 51
    • 33644824423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of treatment initiation in Parkinson's disease: A need for reappraisal?
    • Schapira A. H.; Obeso J. Timing of treatment initiation in Parkinson's disease: a need for reappraisal? Ann. Neurol. 2006, 59, 559-562.
    • (2006) Ann. Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 559-562
    • Schapira, A.H.1    Obeso, J.2
  • 53
    • 38549168908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year follow-up of Parkinson's disease patients randomized to initial therapy with ropinirole or levodopa
    • Hauser, R. A.; Rascol, O.; Korczyn, A. D.; Jon, S. A.; Watts, R. L.; Poewe, W.; De Deyn, P. P.; Lang, A. E. Ten-year follow-up of Parkinson's disease patients randomized to initial therapy with ropinirole or levodopa. Mov. Disord. 2007, 22, 2409-2417.
    • (2007) Mov. Disord , vol.22 , pp. 2409-2417
    • Hauser, R.A.1    Rascol, O.2    Korczyn, A.D.3    Jon, S.A.4    Watts, R.L.5    Poewe, W.6    De Deyn, P.P.7    Lang, A.E.8
  • 54
    • 0034684139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: A randomized controlled trial. Parkinson Study Group
    • Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: A randomized controlled trial. Parkinson Study Group. JAMA 2000, 284, 1931-1938.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1931-1938
  • 55
    • 3142733662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holloway, R. G, Shoulson, I, Fahn, S, Kieburtz, K, Lang, A, Marek, K, McDermott, M, Seibyl, J, Weiner, W, Musch, B, Kamp, C, Welsh, M, Shinaman, A, Pahwa, R, Barclay, L, Hubble, J, LeWitt, P, Miyasaki, J, Suchowersky, O, Stacy, M, Russell, D. S, Ford, B, Hammerstad, J, Riley, D, Standaert, D, Wooten, F, Factor, S, Jankovic, J, Atassi, F, Kurlan, R, Panisset, M, Rajput, A, Rodnitzky, R, Shults, C, Petsinger, G, Waters, C, Pfeiffer, R, Biglan, K, Borchert, L, Montgomery, A, Sutherland, L, Weeks, C, DeAngelis, M, Sime, E, Wood, S, Pantella, C, Harrigan, M, Fussell, B, Dillon, S, exander-Brown, B, Rainey, P, Tennis, M, Rost-Ruffner, E, Brown, D, Evans, S, Berry, D, Hall, J, Shirley, T, Dobson, J, Fontaine, D, Pfeiffer, B, Brocht, A, Bennett, S, Daigneault, S, Hodgeman, K, O'Connell, C, Ross, T, Richard, K, Watts, A. Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: a 4-year randomized controlled trial
    • Holloway, R. G.; Shoulson, I.; Fahn, S.; Kieburtz, K.; Lang, A.; Marek, K.; McDermott, M.; Seibyl, J.; Weiner, W.; Musch, B.; Kamp, C.; Welsh, M.; Shinaman, A.; Pahwa, R.; Barclay, L.; Hubble, J.; LeWitt, P.; Miyasaki, J.; Suchowersky, O.; Stacy, M.; Russell, D. S.; Ford, B.; Hammerstad, J.; Riley, D.; Standaert, D.; Wooten, F.; Factor, S.; Jankovic, J.; Atassi, F.; Kurlan, R.; Panisset, M.; Rajput, A.; Rodnitzky, R.; Shults, C.; Petsinger, G.; Waters, C.; Pfeiffer, R.; Biglan, K.; Borchert, L.; Montgomery, A.; Sutherland, L.; Weeks, C.; DeAngelis, M.; Sime, E.; Wood, S.; Pantella, C.; Harrigan, M.; Fussell, B.; Dillon, S.; exander-Brown, B.; Rainey, P.; Tennis, M.; Rost-Ruffner, E.; Brown, D.; Evans, S.; Berry, D.; Hall, J.; Shirley, T.; Dobson, J.; Fontaine, D.; Pfeiffer, B.; Brocht, A.; Bennett, S.; Daigneault, S.; Hodgeman, K.; O'Connell, C.; Ross, T.; Richard, K.; Watts, A. Pramipexole vs levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease: a 4-year randomized controlled trial. Arch. Neurol. 2004, 61, 1044-1053.
  • 56
    • 44949178691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of newer pharmacological treatments on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Gallagher, D. A.; Schrag, A. Impact of newer pharmacological treatments on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. CNS Drugs 2008, 22, 563-586.
    • (2008) CNS Drugs , vol.22 , pp. 563-586
    • Gallagher, D.A.1    Schrag, A.2
  • 57
    • 34548594200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole in psychiatry: A systematic review of the literature
    • Aiken, C. B. Pramipexole in psychiatry: a systematic review of the literature. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2007, 68, 1230-1236.
    • (2007) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.68 , pp. 1230-1236
    • Aiken, C.B.1
  • 58
    • 33745052903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole versus sertraline in the treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease: A national multicenter parallel-group randomized study
    • Barone, P.; Scarzella, L.; Marconi, R.; Antonini, A.; Morgante, L.; Bracco, F.; Zappia, M.; Musch, B. Pramipexole versus sertraline in the treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease: a national multicenter parallel-group randomized study. J. Neurol. 2006, 253, 601-607.
    • (2006) J. Neurol , vol.253 , pp. 601-607
    • Barone, P.1    Scarzella, L.2    Marconi, R.3    Antonini, A.4    Morgante, L.5    Bracco, F.6    Zappia, M.7    Musch, B.8
  • 59
    • 74249106080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barone P.; Poewe W.; Massey D.; Debieuvre C. Pramipexole ameliorates depression in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double-blind vs placebo trial. Abstract S43.004, presented during scientific session 'Evaluation and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease' on April 30, 2009 at AAN 61st Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA.
    • Barone P.; Poewe W.; Massey D.; Debieuvre C. Pramipexole ameliorates depression in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double-blind vs placebo trial. Abstract S43.004, presented during scientific session 'Evaluation and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease' on April 30, 2009 at AAN 61st Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA.
  • 60
    • 41049099938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira AH. Progress in neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Eur. J. Neurol. 2008, 15, (Suppl. 1), 5-13.
    • (2008) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.15 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 5-13
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 62
    • 0037426566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coenzyme Q10 supplementation provides mild symptomatic benefit in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Muller, T.; Buttner, T.; Gholipour, A. F.; Kuhn, W. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation provides mild symptomatic benefit in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurosci. Lett. 2003, 341, 201-204.
    • (2003) Neurosci. Lett , vol.341 , pp. 201-204
    • Muller, T.1    Buttner, T.2    Gholipour, A.F.3    Kuhn, W.4
  • 64
    • 44649153832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot clinical trial of creatine and minocycline in early Parkinson disease: 18-month results. NINDS NET-PD Investigators
    • A pilot clinical trial of creatine and minocycline in early Parkinson disease: 18-month results. NINDS NET-PD Investigators. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 2008, 31, 141-150.
    • (2008) Clin. Neuropharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 141-150
  • 65
    • 34748922866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIH announces phase III clinical trial of creatine for Parkinson's disease
    • Bloom, M. Z. NIH announces phase III clinical trial of creatine for Parkinson's disease. Consult. Pharm. 2007, 22, 378.
    • (2007) Consult. Pharm , vol.22 , pp. 378
    • Bloom, M.Z.1
  • 67
    • 0031711714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DATATOP: A decade of neuroprotective inquiry. Parkinson Study Group. Deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative therapy of parkinsonism
    • Shoulson, I. DATATOP: a decade of neuroprotective inquiry. Parkinson Study Group. Deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative therapy of parkinsonism. Ann. Neurol. 1998, 44 (3 Suppl. 1), S160-S166.
    • (1998) Ann. Neurol , vol.44 , Issue.3 SUPPL. 1
    • Shoulson, I.1
  • 68
    • 19344362520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intake of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids and the risk of Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis
    • Etminan, M.; Gill, S. S.; Samii, A. Intake of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2005, 4, 362-365.
    • (2005) Lancet Neurol , vol.4 , pp. 362-365
    • Etminan, M.1    Gill, S.S.2    Samii, A.3
  • 69
    • 0036164536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled and longitudinal study of riluzole in early Parkinson's disease
    • Jankovic, J.; Hunter, C. A double-blind, placebo-controlled and longitudinal study of riluzole in early Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 2002, 8, 271-276.
    • (2002) Parkinsonism Relat. Disord , vol.8 , pp. 271-276
    • Jankovic, J.1    Hunter, C.2
  • 70
    • 0033044574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can calcium antagonists provide a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson's disease?
    • Rodnitzky, R. L. Can calcium antagonists provide a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson's disease? Drugs 1999, 57, 845-849.
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.57 , pp. 845-849
    • Rodnitzky, R.L.1
  • 71
    • 42049114453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of antihypertensives and the risk of Parkinson disease
    • Becker, C.; Jick, S. S.; Meier, C. R. Use of antihypertensives and the risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology 2008, 70, 1438-1444.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1438-1444
    • Becker, C.1    Jick, S.S.2    Meier, C.R.3
  • 75
    • 39149094302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bimodal administration of entacapone in Parkinson's disease patients improves motor control
    • Bet, L.; Bareggi, S. R.; Pacei, F.; Bondiolotti, G.; Meola, G.; Schapira, A.H. Bimodal administration of entacapone in Parkinson's disease patients improves motor control. Eur. J. Neurol. 2008, 15, 268-273.
    • (2008) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.15 , pp. 268-273
    • Bet, L.1    Bareggi, S.R.2    Pacei, F.3    Bondiolotti, G.4    Meola, G.5    Schapira, A.H.6
  • 76
    • 33646076457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice Parameter: Treatment of Parkinson disease with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Pahwa, R.; Factor, S. A.; Lyons, K. E.; Ondo, W. G.; Gronseth, G.; Bronte-Stewart, H.; Hallett, M.; Miyasaki, J.; Stevens, J.; Weiner, W. J. Practice Parameter: treatment of Parkinson disease with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2006, 66, 983-995.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 983-995
    • Pahwa, R.1    Factor, S.A.2    Lyons, K.E.3    Ondo, W.G.4    Gronseth, G.5    Bronte-Stewart, H.6    Hallett, M.7    Miyasaki, J.8    Stevens, J.9    Weiner, W.J.10
  • 77
    • 13444302612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized placebo-controlled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study. Parkinson Study Group. Arch. Neurol. 2005, 62, 241-248
    • A randomized placebo-controlled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study. Parkinson Study Group. Arch. Neurol. 2005, 62, 241-248.
  • 78
    • 15844386001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations (LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study): A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial
    • Rascol, O.; Brooks, D. J.; Melamed, E.; Oertel, W.; Poewe, W.; Stocchi, F.; Tolosa, E. Rasagiline as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations (LARGO, Lasting effect in Adjunct therapy with Rasagiline Given Once daily, study): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Lancet 2005, 365, 947-954.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 947-954
    • Rascol, O.1    Brooks, D.J.2    Melamed, E.3    Oertel, W.4    Poewe, W.5    Stocchi, F.6    Tolosa, E.7
  • 79
    • 0030778373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entacapone improves motor fluctuations in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinson Study Group
    • Entacapone improves motor fluctuations in levodopa-treated Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinson Study Group. Ann. Neurol. 1997, 42, 747-755.
    • (1997) Ann. Neurol , vol.42 , pp. 747-755
  • 80
    • 34248372064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of pramipexole and transdermal rotigotine in advanced Parkinson's disease: A double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial
    • Poewe, W. H.; Rascol, O.; Quinn, N.; Tolosa, E.; Oertel, W. H.; Martignoni, E.; Rupp, M.; Boroojerdi, B. Efficacy of pramipexole and transdermal rotigotine in advanced Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2007, 6, 513-520.
    • (2007) Lancet Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 513-520
    • Poewe, W.H.1    Rascol, O.2    Quinn, N.3    Tolosa, E.4    Oertel, W.H.5    Martignoni, E.6    Rupp, M.7    Boroojerdi, B.8
  • 81
    • 0027518164 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of duodenal infusion of levodopa/carbidopa in Parkinson's disease patients with 'on-off' fluctuations
    • Kurth, M. C.; Tetrud, J. W.; Tanner, C. M.; Irwin, I.; Stebbins, G. T.; Goetz, C. G.; Langston, J. W. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of duodenal infusion of levodopa/carbidopa in Parkinson's disease patients with 'on-off' fluctuations. Neurology 1993, 43, 1698-1703.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 1698-1703
    • Kurth, M.C.1    Tetrud, J.W.2    Tanner, C.M.3    Irwin, I.4    Stebbins, G.T.5    Goetz, C.G.6    Langston, J.W.7
  • 82
    • 0033999316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of amantadine on levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Snow, B. J.; Macdonald, L.; Mcauley, D.; Wallis, W. The effect of amantadine on levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 2000, 23, 82-85.
    • (2000) Clin. Neuropharmacol , vol.23 , pp. 82-85
    • Snow, B.J.1    Macdonald, L.2    Mcauley, D.3    Wallis, W.4
  • 83
    • 34547916390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment options in the modern management of Parkinson disease
    • Schapira, A.H. Treatment options in the modern management of Parkinson disease. Arch. Neurol. 2007, 64, 1083-1088.
    • (2007) Arch. Neurol , vol.64 , pp. 1083-1088
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 84
    • 58349085532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug selection and timing of initiation of treatment in early Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira, A.H.; Olanow, C.W. Drug selection and timing of initiation of treatment in early Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 2008, 64, (Suppl. 2), S47-55.
    • (2008) Ann. Neurol , vol.64 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Schapira, A.H.1    Olanow, C.W.2
  • 85
    • 33744982893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology of Parkinson's disease
    • Schapira, A.H. Etiology of Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 2006, 66, S10-23.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66
    • Schapira, A.H.1
  • 86
    • 58149131277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiology and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
    • Schapira, A. H. Neurobiology and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2009, 30, 41-47.
    • (2009) Trends Pharmacol. Sci , vol.30 , pp. 41-47
    • Schapira, A.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.