메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 312, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 639-664

Heterochrony in limb evolution: Developmental mechanisms and natural selection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL EMBRYO; ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; GENETIC SELECTION; LIMB; LIMB BUD; MORPHOGENESIS; PHYLOGENY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; TIME; VERTEBRATE;

EID: 69249214111     PISSN: 15525007     EISSN: 15525015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.21250     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (182)
  • 1
    • 0000861101 scopus 로고
    • Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Wellensittichs (Melopsittacus undulatus)
    • Abraham K. 1901. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Wellensittichs (Melopsittacus undulatus). Anat Hefte 17:589-669.
    • (1901) Anat Hefte , vol.17 , pp. 589-669
    • Abraham, K.1
  • 2
    • 0000465703 scopus 로고
    • Stages of development and sequence of bone formation in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus
    • Adams RA. 1992. Stages of development and sequence of bone formation in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus. J Mammal 72:160-167.
    • (1992) J Mammal , vol.72 , pp. 160-167
    • Adams, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 37549065545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphogenesis in bat wings: Linking development, evolution and ecology
    • Adams RA. 2008. Morphogenesis in bat wings: linking development, evolution and ecology. Cells Tissues Organs 187:13-23.
    • (2008) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.187 , pp. 13-23
    • Adams, R.A.1
  • 4
    • 4043122029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic changes in the response of cells to positive hedgehog signaling during mouse limb patterning
    • Ahn S, Joyner AL. 2004. Dynamic changes in the response of cells to positive hedgehog signaling during mouse limb patterning. Cell 118:505-516.
    • (2004) Cell , vol.118 , pp. 505-516
    • Ahn, S.1    Joyner, A.L.2
  • 5
    • 0003079869 scopus 로고
    • Problems with the interpretation of developmental sequences
    • Alberch P. 1985. Problems with the interpretation of developmental sequences. Syst Zool 34:46-58.
    • (1985) Syst Zool , vol.34 , pp. 46-58
    • Alberch, P.1
  • 6
    • 0001795844 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and developmental constraints: External versus internal determinants of order in nature
    • In: DeRousseau CJ, editor., New York: Wiley-Liss
    • Alberch P. 1990. Natural selection and developmental constraints: external versus internal determinants of order in nature. In: DeRousseau CJ, editor. Primate life history and evolution. New York: Wiley-Liss. p 15-35.
    • (1990) Primate life history and evolution , pp. 15-35
    • Alberch, P.1
  • 7
    • 0019828325 scopus 로고
    • Heterochronic mechanisms of morphological diversification and evolutionary change in the neotropical salamander, Bolitoglossa occidentalis (Amphibia: Plethodontidae)
    • Alberch P, Alberch J. 1981. Heterochronic mechanisms of morphological diversification and evolutionary change in the neotropical salamander, Bolitoglossa occidentalis (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). J Morphol 167:249-264.
    • (1981) J Morphol , vol.167 , pp. 249-264
    • Alberch, P.1    Alberch, J.2
  • 8
    • 0020642727 scopus 로고
    • Size dependence during the development of the amphibian foot. Colchicine-induced digital loss and reduction
    • Alberch P, Gale EA. 1983. Size dependence during the development of the amphibian foot. Colchicine-induced digital loss and reduction. J Embryol Exp Morphol 76:177-197.
    • (1983) J Embryol Exp Morphol , vol.76 , pp. 177-197
    • Alberch, P.1    Gale, E.A.2
  • 9
    • 0035115832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caudal vertebral development and morphology in three salamanders with complex life cycles (Ambystoma jeffersonianum, Hemidactylium scutatum, and Desmognathus ocoee)
    • Babcock SK, Blais JL. 2001. Caudal vertebral development and morphology in three salamanders with complex life cycles (Ambystoma jeffersonianum, Hemidactylium scutatum, and Desmognathus ocoee). J Morphol 247:142-159.
    • (2001) J Morphol , vol.247 , pp. 142-159
    • Babcock, S.K.1    Blais, J.L.2
  • 10
    • 84986465430 scopus 로고
    • Normal embryonic stages for salmonid fishes, based on Salmo gairdneri Richardson and Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill)
    • Ballard WW. 1973. Normal embryonic stages for salmonid fishes, based on Salmo gairdneri Richardson and Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). J Exp Zool 184:7-26.
    • (1973) J Exp Zool , vol.184 , pp. 7-26
    • Ballard, W.W.1
  • 11
    • 0011837493 scopus 로고
    • Normal embryonic stages of Polydon spathula (Walbaum)
    • Ballard WW, Needham RG. 1964. Normal embryonic stages of Polydon spathula (Walbaum). J Morphol 114:465-477.
    • (1964) J Morphol , vol.114 , pp. 465-477
    • Ballard, W.W.1    Needham, R.G.2
  • 12
    • 84993917293 scopus 로고
    • A series of normal stages for development of Scyliorhinus canicula, the lesser spotted dogfish (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae)
    • Ballard WW, Mellinger J, Lechenault H. 1993. A series of normal stages for development of Scyliorhinus canicula, the lesser spotted dogfish (Chondrichthyes: Scyliorhinidae). J Exp Zool 267:319-336.
    • (1993) J Exp Zool , vol.267 , pp. 319-336
    • Ballard, W.W.1    Mellinger, J.2    Lechenault, H.3
  • 13
    • 0003416890 scopus 로고
    • Embryology of Schoinobates volans (Kerr) (Marsupialia: Petauridae)
    • Bancroft BJ. 1973. Embryology of Schoinobates volans (Kerr) (Marsupialia: Petauridae). Aust J Zool 21:33-52.
    • (1973) Aust J Zool , vol.21 , pp. 33-52
    • Bancroft, B.J.1
  • 14
    • 0039560697 scopus 로고
    • A description of the semi-buoyant eggs and early developmental stages of the goldeye, Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque)
    • Battle HI, Sprules WM. 1960. A description of the semi-buoyant eggs and early developmental stages of the goldeye, Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque). J Fish Res Board Can 17:245-265.
    • (1960) J Fish Res Board Can , vol.17 , pp. 245-265
    • Battle, H.I.1    Sprules, W.M.2
  • 15
    • 69249224258 scopus 로고
    • Uber das Archipterygium und die Entwickelung des Cheiropterygium
    • Baur G. 1885. Uber das Archipterygium und die Entwickelung des Cheiropterygium. Zool Anz 8:663-666.
    • (1885) Zool Anz , vol.8 , pp. 663-666
    • Baur, G.1
  • 16
    • 69249241093 scopus 로고
    • Beiträge zur Morphologie des Karpus und Tarsus der Vertebraten
    • Jena
    • Baur G. 1888. Beiträge zur Morphologie des Karpus und Tarsus der Vertebraten. I. Teil, Batrachia, Jena.
    • (1888) I. Teil, Batrachia
    • Baur, G.1
  • 17
    • 1842825786 scopus 로고
    • Der Carpus der Schildkröten
    • Baur G. 1892. Der Carpus der Schildkröten. Anat Anzeiger 7:206-211.
    • (1892) Anat Anzeiger , vol.7 , pp. 206-211
    • Baur, G.1
  • 18
    • 0032478086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of expression and cis-regulation of Hoxc8 in the evolution of diverged axial morphology
    • Belting HG, Shashikant CS, Ruddle FH. 1998. Modification of expression and cis-regulation of Hoxc8 in the evolution of diverged axial morphology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:2355-2360.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 2355-2360
    • Belting, H.G.1    Shashikant, C.S.2    Ruddle, F.H.3
  • 21
    • 0000014249 scopus 로고
    • Caenogenesis, developmental variability, and evolution in the carpus and tarsus of the marbled newt Triturus marmoratus
    • Blanco MJ, Alberch P. 1992. Caenogenesis, developmental variability, and evolution in the carpus and tarsus of the marbled newt Triturus marmoratus. Evolution 46:677-687.
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 677-687
    • Blanco, M.J.1    Alberch, P.2
  • 22
    • 0031875992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterochronic differences of Hoxa-11 expression in Xenopus fore-and hind limb development: Evidence for lower limb identity of the anuran ankle bones
    • Blanco MJ, Misof BY, Wagner GP. 1998. Heterochronic differences of Hoxa-11 expression in Xenopus fore-and hind limb development: evidence for lower limb identity of the anuran ankle bones. Dev Genes Evol 208:175-187.
    • (1998) Dev Genes Evol , vol.208 , pp. 175-187
    • Blanco, M.J.1    Misof, B.Y.2    Wagner, G.P.3
  • 23
    • 0022351646 scopus 로고
    • The development and homology of the chelonian carpus
    • Burke AC, Alberch P. 1985. The development and homology of the chelonian carpus. J Morphol 186:119-131.
    • (1985) J Morphol , vol.186 , pp. 119-131
    • Burke, A.C.1    Alberch, P.2
  • 24
    • 0030708572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental patterns and the identification of homologies in the avian hand
    • Burke AC, Feduccia A. 1997. Developmental patterns and the identification of homologies in the avian hand. Science 278:666-668.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 666-668
    • Burke, A.C.1    Feduccia, A.2
  • 25
    • 0039201697 scopus 로고
    • Table chronologique du développement de la grenouille agile (Rana dalmatina Bon)
    • Cambar R, Marrot B. 1954. Table chronologique du développement de la grenouille agile (Rana dalmatina Bon). Bull Biol 88:168-177.
    • (1954) Bull Biol , vol.88 , pp. 168-177
    • Cambar, R.1    Marrot, B.2
  • 26
    • 0034672330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in anuran embryogenesis: Differences in sequence and timing of early developmental events
    • Chipman AD, Haas A, Tchernov E, Khaner O. 2000. Variation in anuran embryogenesis: differences in sequence and timing of early developmental events. J Exp Zool 288:352-365.
    • (2000) J Exp Zool , vol.288 , pp. 352-365
    • Chipman, A.D.1    Haas, A.2    Tchernov, E.3    Khaner, O.4
  • 27
    • 0033519674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental basis of limblessness and axial patterning in snakes
    • Cohn MJ, Tickle C. 1999. Developmental basis of limblessness and axial patterning in snakes. Nature 399:474-479.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 474-479
    • Cohn, M.J.1    Tickle, C.2
  • 28
    • 0003123283 scopus 로고
    • The ancestral crocodilian Protosuchus
    • Colbert EH, Mook CC. 1951. The ancestral crocodilian Protosuchus. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 97:143-182.
    • (1951) Bull Am Mus Nat Hist , vol.97 , pp. 143-182
    • Colbert, E.H.1    Mook, C.C.2
  • 29
    • 0346403356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of limb initiation genes and clues to the morphological diversification of threespine stickleback
    • Cole NJ, Tanaka M, Prescott A, Tickle C. 2003. Expression of limb initiation genes and clues to the morphological diversification of threespine stickleback. Curr Biol 13: R951-R952.
    • (2003) Curr Biol , vol.13
    • Cole, N.J.1    Tanaka, M.2    Prescott, A.3    Tickle, C.4
  • 30
    • 0035424847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hedgehog signalling is required for maintenance of myf5 and myoD expression and timely terminal differentiation in zebrafish adaxial myogenesis
    • Coutelle O, Blagden CS, Hampson R, Halai C, Rigby PW, Hughes SM. 2001. Hedgehog signalling is required for maintenance of myf5 and myoD expression and timely terminal differentiation in zebrafish adaxial myogenesis. Dev Biol 236:136-150.
    • (2001) Dev Biol , vol.236 , pp. 136-150
    • Coutelle, O.1    Blagden, C.S.2    Hampson, R.3    Halai, C.4    Rigby, P.W.5    Hughes, S.M.6
  • 31
    • 1842787583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of variation in the phalangeal formulae of land tortoises (Testudinidae): Developmental constraint, size, and phylogenetic history
    • Crumly CR, Sánchez-Villagra MR. 2004. Patterns of variation in the phalangeal formulae of land tortoises (Testudinidae): developmental constraint, size, and phylogenetic history. J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol 302:134-146.
    • (2004) J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol , vol.302 , pp. 134-146
    • Crumly, C.R.1    Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.2
  • 32
    • 0034617842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Process heterochronies in endochondral ossification
    • Cubo J. 2000. Process heterochronies in endochondral ossification. J Theor Biol 205:343-353.
    • (2000) J Theor Biol , vol.205 , pp. 343-353
    • Cubo, J.1
  • 36
    • 0011883198 scopus 로고
    • Outlines of the development of the tuatara, Sphenodon (Hatteria) punctatus
    • Dendy A. 1899. Outlines of the development of the tuatara, Sphenodon (Hatteria) punctatus. Q J Microscop Sci 42: 1-87.
    • (1899) Q J Microscop Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1-87
    • Dendy, A.1
  • 37
    • 0031912862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic staging and external features of development of the chimaeroid fish, Callorhinchus milii (Holocephali, Callorhinchidae)
    • Didier DA, Leclair EE, Vanbuskirk DR. 1998. Embryonic staging and external features of development of the chimaeroid fish, Callorhinchus milii (Holocephali, Callorhinchidae). J Morphol 236:25-47.
    • (1998) J Morphol , vol.236 , pp. 25-47
    • Didier, D.A.1    Leclair, E.E.2    Vanbuskirk, D.R.3
  • 39
    • 0027358721 scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the Hoxd-13 gene induces localized heterochrony leading to mice with neotenic limbs
    • Dollé P, Dierich A, LeMeur M, Schimmang T, Schuhbaur B, Chambon P, Duboule D. 1993. Disruption of the Hoxd-13 gene induces localized heterochrony leading to mice with neotenic limbs. Cell 75:431-441.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 431-441
    • Dollé, P.1    Dierich, A.2    Lemeur, M.3    Schimmang, T.4    Schuhbaur, B.5    Chambon, P.6    Duboule, D.7
  • 40
    • 69249241504 scopus 로고
    • Extremitätenentwicklung und Polydactylie beim Pferde: Die Ontogenese der Hand-und FuXskeletts, Varianten am Carpus und die Beurteilung der ''entwicklungsbedingten'' Polydactylie bei Equus caballus
    • In: Schulze P, editor., Berlin: Borntraeger
    • Drahn F. 1927. Extremitätenentwicklung und Polydactylie beim Pferde: die Ontogenese der Hand-und FuXskeletts, Varianten am Carpus und die Beurteilung der ''entwicklungsbedingten'' Polydactylie bei Equus caballus. In: Schulze P, editor. Zoologische bausteine. Berlin: Borntraeger.
    • (1927) Zoologische bausteine
    • Drahn, F.1
  • 41
    • 84984087289 scopus 로고
    • The manus of the Narwhal, Monodon monoceros L
    • Eales NB. 1954. The manus of the Narwhal, Monodon monoceros L. Proc R Soc Lond 124:201-211.
    • (1954) Proc R Soc Lond , vol.124 , pp. 201-211
    • Eales, N.B.1
  • 43
    • 0034857054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of carpal development among anuran amphibians
    • Fabrezi M, Barg M. 2001. Patterns of carpal development among anuran amphibians. J Morphol 249:210-220.
    • (2001) J Morphol , vol.249 , pp. 210-220
    • Fabrezi, M.1    Barg, M.2
  • 44
    • 37549047221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forelimb versus hindlimb skeletal development in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus: Functional divergence is reflected in chondrocytic performance in autopodial growth plates
    • Farnum CE, Tinsley M, Hermanson JW. 2008a. Forelimb versus hindlimb skeletal development in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus: functional divergence is reflected in chondrocytic performance in autopodial growth plates. Cells Tissues Organs 187:35-47.
    • (2008) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.187 , pp. 35-47
    • Farnum, C.E.1    Tinsley, M.2    Hermanson, J.W.3
  • 45
    • 37549065947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal bone elongation of the manus versus pes: Analysis of the chondrocytic differentiation cascade in Mus musculus and Eptesicus fuscus
    • Farnum CE, Tinsley M, Hermanson JW. 2008b. Postnatal bone elongation of the manus versus pes: analysis of the chondrocytic differentiation cascade in Mus musculus and Eptesicus fuscus. Cells Tissues Organs 187:48-58.
    • (2008) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.187 , pp. 48-58
    • Farnum, C.E.1    Tinsley, M.2    Hermanson, J.W.3
  • 46
    • 0000967461 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive biology and embryology of crocodilians
    • In: Gans C et al., editors., New York: Wiley
    • Ferguson MW. 1985. Reproductive biology and embryology of crocodilians. In: Gans C et al., editors. Biology of the reptilia. New York: Wiley. p 329-491.
    • (1985) Biology of the reptilia , pp. 329-491
    • Ferguson, M.W.1
  • 47
    • 3042687502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment-dependent admixture dynamics in a tiger salamander hybrid zone
    • Fitzpatrick BM, Shaffer HB. 2004. Environment-dependent admixture dynamics in a tiger salamander hybrid zone. Evolution 58:1282-1293.
    • (2004) Evolution , vol.58 , pp. 1282-1293
    • Fitzpatrick, B.M.1    Shaffer, H.B.2
  • 48
    • 22944443893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb chondrogenesis of the seepage salamander, Desmognathus aeneus (Amphibia: Plethodontidae)
    • Franssen RA, Marks S, Wake D, Shubin N. 2005. Limb chondrogenesis of the seepage salamander, Desmognathus aeneus (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). J Morphol 265:87-101.
    • (2005) J Morphol , vol.265 , pp. 87-101
    • Franssen, R.A.1    Marks, S.2    Wake, D.3    Shubin, N.4
  • 49
    • 33846071891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb ossification in the paleozoic branchiosaurid Apateon (Temnospondyli) and the early evolution of preaxial dominance in tetrapod limb development
    • Fröbisch NB, Carroll RL, Schoch RR. 2007. Limb ossification in the paleozoic branchiosaurid Apateon (Temnospondyli) and the early evolution of preaxial dominance in tetrapod limb development. Evol Dev 9:69-75.
    • (2007) Evol Dev , vol.9 , pp. 69-75
    • Fröbisch, N.B.1    Carroll, R.L.2    Schoch, R.R.3
  • 50
    • 0031260032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interspecies exchange of a Hoxd enhancer in vivo induces premature transcription and anterior shift of the sacrum
    • Gerard M, Zakany J, Duboule D. 1997. Interspecies exchange of a Hoxd enhancer in vivo induces premature transcription and anterior shift of the sacrum. Dev Biol 190:32-40.
    • (1997) Dev Biol , vol.190 , pp. 32-40
    • Gerard, M.1    Zakany, J.2    Duboule, D.3
  • 51
    • 33750389591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of integumentary structures in Rousettus amplexicaudatus (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) during late-embryonic and fetal stages
    • Giannini N, Goswami A, Sánchez-Villagra MR. 2006. Development of integumentary structures in Rousettus amplexicaudatus (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) during late-embryonic and fetal stages. J Mammal 87:993-1001.
    • (2006) J Mammal , vol.87 , pp. 993-1001
    • Giannini, N.1    Goswami, A.2    Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.3
  • 52
    • 0011890478 scopus 로고
    • Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des gemeinen Wassermolches (Molge vulgaris)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer
    • Glaesner, L. 1925. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des gemeinen Wassermolches (Molge vulgaris). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (14). Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer. p 49.
    • (1925) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , vol.14 , pp. 49
    • Glaesner, L.1
  • 53
    • 0346997682 scopus 로고
    • Morphogenesis in reptilian limbs
    • In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Goel SC, Mathur JK. 1977. Morphogenesis in reptilian limbs. In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors. Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 387-404.
    • (1977) Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis , pp. 387-404
    • Goel, S.C.1    Mathur, J.K.2
  • 55
    • 69249224257 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny and phylogeny
    • MA: Belknap Press
    • Gould SJ. 1977. Ontogeny and phylogeny. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
    • (1977) Cambridge
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 56
    • 0020372960 scopus 로고
    • Change in developmental timing as a mechanism of macroevolution
    • In: Bonner JT, editor., New York: Springer
    • Gould SJ. 1982. Change in developmental timing as a mechanism of macroevolution. In: Bonner JT, editor. Evolution and development. New York: Springer. p 333-346.
    • (1982) Evolution and development , pp. 333-346
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 57
    • 0026847624 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny and phylogeny-revisited and reunited
    • Gould SJ. 1992. Ontogeny and phylogeny-revisited and reunited. Bioessays 14:275-279.
    • (1992) Bioessays , vol.14 , pp. 275-279
    • Gould, S.J.1
  • 58
    • 0011816830 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Kiebitzes, Vanellus cristatus Meyer
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Grosser O, Tandler J. 1909. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Kiebitzes, Vanellus cristatus Meyer. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (9). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1909) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , pp. 9
    • Grosser, O.1    Tandler, J.2
  • 59
    • 0028115493 scopus 로고
    • Développement embryonaire d'une tortue terrestre, la tortue d'Hermann, Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789
    • Guyot G, Pieau C, Renous S. 1994. Développement embryonaire d'une tortue terrestre, la tortue d'Hermann, Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789. Ann Sci Nat Zool Paris 15:115-137.
    • (1994) Ann Sci Nat Zool Paris , vol.15 , pp. 115-137
    • Guyot, G.1    Pieau, C.2    Renous, S.3
  • 60
    • 84924926133 scopus 로고
    • A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo
    • Hamburger V, Hamilton HL. 1951. A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol. 88:49-92.
    • (1951) J Morphol , vol.88 , pp. 49-92
    • Hamburger, V.1    Hamilton, H.L.2
  • 61
    • 33847038454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anuran Bauplan: A review of the adaptive, developmental, and genetic underpinnings of frog and tadpole morphology
    • Handrigan GR, Wassersug RJ. 2007. The anuran Bauplan: a review of the adaptive, developmental, and genetic underpinnings of frog and tadpole morphology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 82:1-25.
    • (2007) Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc , vol.82 , pp. 1-25
    • Handrigan, G.R.1    Wassersug, R.J.2
  • 62
    • 4644328190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for an expansion-based temporal shh gradient in specifying vertebrate digit identities
    • Harfe BD, Scherz PJ, Nissim S, Tian H, McMahon AP, Tabin CJ. 2004. Evidence for an expansion-based temporal shh gradient in specifying vertebrate digit identities. Cell 118:517-528.
    • (2004) Cell , vol.118 , pp. 517-528
    • Harfe, B.D.1    Scherz, P.J.2    Nissim, S.3    Tian, H.4    McMahon, A.P.5    Tabin, C.J.6
  • 63
    • 45849127974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating evolution of temporal sequence changes: A practical approach to inferring ancestral developmental sequences and sequence heterochrony
    • Harrison LB, Larsson HCE. 2008. Estimating evolution of temporal sequence changes: a practical approach to inferring ancestral developmental sequences and sequence heterochrony. Syst Biol 57:378-387.
    • (2008) Syst Biol , vol.57 , pp. 378-387
    • Harrison, L.B.1    Larsson, H.C.E.2
  • 64
    • 0011849938 scopus 로고
    • Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wanderratte (Rattus norvegicus Erxleben)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Henneberg B. 1937. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wanderratte (Rattus norvegicus Erxleben). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (15). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1937) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.15
    • Henneberg, B.1
  • 65
    • 0011999080 scopus 로고
    • The development of winglessness (ws) in the chick embryo
    • Hinchliffe JR. 1976. The development of winglessness (ws) in the chick embryo. Colloq Int C N R S Paris 266:175-182.
    • (1976) Colloq Int C N R S Paris , vol.266 , pp. 175-182
    • Hinchliffe, J.R.1
  • 66
    • 0036436292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental basis of limb evolution
    • Hinchliffe JR. 2002. Developmental basis of limb evolution. Int J Dev Biol 46:835-845.
    • (2002) Int J Dev Biol , vol.46 , pp. 835-845
    • Hinchliffe, J.R.1
  • 67
    • 0040882918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental basis of limb homology in urodeles: Heterochronic evidence from the primitive hynobiid family
    • Hinchliffe JR, Vorobyeva EI. 1999. Developmental basis of limb homology in urodeles: heterochronic evidence from the primitive hynobiid family. Novartis Found Symp 222: 95-105.
    • (1999) Novartis Found Symp , vol.222 , pp. 95-105
    • Hinchliffe, J.R.1    Vorobyeva, E.I.2
  • 68
    • 0001744187 scopus 로고
    • On the origin of the tetrapod limb
    • Holmgren N. 1933. On the origin of the tetrapod limb. Acta Zool 14:185-295.
    • (1933) Acta Zool , vol.14 , pp. 185-295
    • Holmgren, N.1
  • 69
    • 1842298876 scopus 로고
    • Contribution to the question of the origin of the tetrapod limb
    • Holmgren N. 1939. Contribution to the question of the origin of the tetrapod limb. Acta Zool 20:89-124.
    • (1939) Acta Zool , vol.20 , pp. 89-124
    • Holmgren, N.1
  • 70
    • 0001955744 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the phylogeny of birds
    • Holmgren N. 1955. Studies on the phylogeny of birds. Acta Zool 36:243-328.
    • (1955) Acta Zool , vol.36 , pp. 243-328
    • Holmgren, N.1
  • 71
    • 0026099759 scopus 로고
    • The spatial and temporal distribution of polarizing activity in the flank of the prelimb-bud stages in the chick embryo
    • Hornbruch A, Wolpert L. 1991. The spatial and temporal distribution of polarizing activity in the flank of the prelimb-bud stages in the chick embryo. Development 111:725-731.
    • (1991) Development , vol.111 , pp. 725-731
    • Hornbruch, A.1    Wolpert, L.2
  • 73
    • 84986715211 scopus 로고
    • Morphogenesis of the prehensile autopodium in the common chameleon (Chamaeleo chamaeleo)
    • Hurle VG-M. 1987. Morphogenesis of the prehensile autopodium in the common chameleon (Chamaeleo chamaeleo). J Morphol 194:187-194.
    • (1987) J Morphol , vol.194 , pp. 187-194
    • Hurle, V.-M.1
  • 74
    • 7244225022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental variability during early embryonic development of zebra fish, Danio rerio
    • Irmler I, Schmidt K, Starck JM. 2004. Developmental variability during early embryonic development of zebra fish, Danio rerio. J Exp Zool Mol Dev Evol 302B:446-457.
    • (2004) J Exp Zool Mol Dev Evol , vol.302 B , pp. 446-457
    • Irmler, I.1    Schmidt, K.2    Starck, J.M.3
  • 75
    • 52049102898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryological development of Caiman latirostris (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)
    • Iungman J, Pina CI, Siroski P. 2008. Embryological development of Caiman latirostris (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae). Genesis 46:401-417.
    • (2008) Genesis , vol.46 , pp. 401-417
    • Iungman, J.1    Pina, C.I.2    Siroski, P.3
  • 76
    • 0002441391 scopus 로고
    • Normal stages of development of a hynobiid salamander, Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger
    • Iwasawa H, Yamashita K. 1991. Normal stages of development of a hynobiid salamander, Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger. Jpn J Herpetol 14:39-62.
    • (1991) Jpn J Herpetol , vol.14 , pp. 39-62
    • Iwasawa, H.1    Yamashita, K.2
  • 77
    • 3543037304 scopus 로고
    • Die intrauterine Ausbildung der äusseren Körperform des Igels (Erinaceus europaeus L) mit Berücksichtigung der Entwicklung der wichtigeren inneren Organe
    • Jacobfeuerborn H. 1908. Die intrauterine Ausbildung der äusseren Körperform des Igels (Erinaceus europaeus L) mit Berücksichtigung der Entwicklung der wichtigeren inneren Organe. Zeit Wiss Zool 91:382-420.
    • (1908) Zeit Wiss Zool , vol.91 , pp. 382-420
    • Jacobfeuerborn, H.1
  • 81
    • 0011890480 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Schweines (Sus scrofa domesticus)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Keibel F. 1897. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Schweines (Sus scrofa domesticus). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (1). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1897) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.1
    • Keibel, F.1
  • 82
    • 0011818442 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Huhnes, Gallus domesticus
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer
    • Keibel F, Abraham K. 1900. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Huhnes, Gallus domesticus. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (2). Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer.
    • (1900) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.2
    • Keibel, F.1    Abraham, K.2
  • 83
    • 0011818442 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Keibel F, Elze C. 1908. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (8). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1908) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.8
    • Keibel, F.1    Elze, C.2
  • 84
    • 0001081310 scopus 로고
    • The embryological development of the Queensland lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, (Krefft)
    • Kemp A. 1982. The embryological development of the Queensland lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, (Krefft). Mem Qld Mus 20:553-597.
    • (1982) Mem Qld Mus , vol.20 , pp. 553-597
    • Kemp, A.1
  • 85
    • 0002050153 scopus 로고
    • The development of Polypterus senegalus Cuv
    • In: Kerr JG, editor., Balfour student of the University of Cambridge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Kerr JG. 1907. The development of Polypterus senegalus Cuv. In: Kerr JG, editor. The work of John Samuel Budgett, Balfour student of the University of Cambridge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 195-284.
    • (1907) The work of John Samuel Budgett , pp. 195-284
    • Kerr, J.G.1
  • 86
    • 0034602678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular heterochrony in the early development of Drosophila
    • Kim J, Kerr JQ, Min GS. 2000. Molecular heterochrony in the early development of Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:212-216.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97 , pp. 212-216
    • Kim, J.1    Kerr, J.Q.2    Min, G.S.3
  • 88
    • 0031888043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony and allometry: The analysis of evolutionary change in ontogeny
    • Klingenberg CP. 1998. Heterochrony and allometry: the analysis of evolutionary change in ontogeny. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 73:79-123.
    • (1998) Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc , vol.73 , pp. 79-123
    • Klingenberg, C.P.1
  • 90
    • 0342441487 scopus 로고
    • Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Japanischen Riesensalamanders (Megalobatrachus japonicus Temminck
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Kudo T. 1938. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Japanischen Riesensalamanders (Megalobatrachus japonicus Temminck. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere. Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1938) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere
    • Kudo, T.1
  • 91
    • 23144435172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Msx1; Msx2 double mutants reveals multiple roles for Msx genes in limb development
    • Lallemand Y, Nicola MA, Ramos C, Bach A, Cloment CS, Robert B. 2005. Analysis of Msx1; Msx2 double mutants reveals multiple roles for Msx genes in limb development. Development 132:3003-3014.
    • (2005) Development , vol.132 , pp. 3003-3014
    • Lallemand, Y.1    Nicola, M.A.2    Ramos, C.3    Bach, A.4    Cloment, C.S.5    Robert, B.6
  • 92
    • 0014542013 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the development of the wing skeleton in the quail (Coturnix c. japonica)
    • Lansdown AB. 1969. An investigation of the development of the wing skeleton in the quail (Coturnix c. japonica). J Anat 105:103-114.
    • (1969) J Anat , vol.105 , pp. 103-114
    • Lansdown, A.B.1
  • 93
    • 0028569704 scopus 로고
    • Sonic hedgehog and Fgf-4 act through a signaling cascade and feedback loop to integrate growth and patterning of the developing limb bud
    • Laufer E, Nelson CE, Johnson RL, Morgan BA, Tabin C. 1994. Sonic hedgehog and Fgf-4 act through a signaling cascade and feedback loop to integrate growth and patterning of the developing limb bud. Cell 79:993-1003.
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 993-1003
    • Laufer, E.1    Nelson, C.E.2    Johnson, R.L.3    Morgan, B.A.4    Tabin, C.5
  • 94
    • 3643092663 scopus 로고
    • Growth and determination in the developing limb
    • In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Lewis J. 1977. Growth and determination in the developing limb. In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors. Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 215-228.
    • (1977) Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis , pp. 215-228
    • Lewis, J.1
  • 95
    • 0004016123 scopus 로고
    • The carpometacarpus of Apterornis
    • Livezey BC. 1994. The carpometacarpus of Apterornis. Notornis 41:51-60.
    • (1994) Notornis , vol.41 , pp. 51-60
    • Livezey, B.C.1
  • 96
    • 3042760554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal embryonic stages of the Longnose gar, Leptisosteus osseus
    • (doi: 10.1186/1471-213X-1-6)
    • Long WL, Ballard WW. 2001. Normal embryonic stages of the Longnose gar, Leptisosteus osseus. BCM Dev Biol 1:6 (doi: 10.1186/1471-213X-1-6).
    • (2001) BCM Dev Biol , vol.6 , pp. 1
    • Long, W.L.1    Ballard, W.W.2
  • 97
    • 33746018718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental data and phylogenetic systematics: Evolution of the vertebrate limb
    • Mabee PM. 2000. Developmental data and phylogenetic systematics: evolution of the vertebrate limb. Am Zool 40:789-800.
    • (2000) Am Zool , vol.40 , pp. 789-800
    • Mabee, P.M.1
  • 98
    • 0030019547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the cranium and paired fins in Betta splendens (Teleosti: Percomporpha): intraspecific variation and interspecific comparisons
    • Mabee PM, Trendler TA. 1996. Development of the cranium and paired fins in Betta splendens (Teleosti: Percomporpha): intraspecific variation and interspecific comparisons. J Morphol 227:249-287.
    • (1996) J Morphol , vol.227 , pp. 249-287
    • Mabee, P.M.1    Trendler, T.A.2
  • 99
    • 0034506330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of intraspecific variation, developmental timing and heterochrony in fishes
    • Mabee PM, Olmstead KL, Cubbage CC. 2000. An experimental study of intraspecific variation, developmental timing and heterochrony in fishes. Evolution 54:2091-2106.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 2091-2106
    • Mabee, P.M.1    Olmstead, K.L.2    Cubbage, C.C.3
  • 100
    • 0025899626 scopus 로고
    • Ghox 4.7: A chick homeobox gene expressed primarily in limb buds with limb-type differences in expression
    • Mackem S, Mahon KA. 1991. Ghox 4.7: a chick homeobox gene expressed primarily in limb buds with limb-type differences in expression. Development 112:791-806.
    • (1991) Development , vol.112 , pp. 791-806
    • Mackem, S.1    Mahon, K.A.2
  • 101
    • 0015894510 scopus 로고
    • Normal embryonic stages of the Western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta bellii
    • Mahmoud IY, Hess GL, Klicka J. 1973. Normal embryonic stages of the Western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta bellii. J Morphol 141:269-280.
    • (1973) J Morphol , vol.141 , pp. 269-280
    • Mahmoud, I.Y.1    Hess, G.L.2    Klicka, J.3
  • 102
    • 0037275838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal development of the fore-and hind-limbs in the grey short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica
    • Martin KE, Mackay S. 2003. Postnatal development of the fore-and hind-limbs in the grey short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica. J Anat 202:143-152.
    • (2003) J Anat , vol.202 , pp. 143-152
    • Martin, K.E.1    Mackay, S.2
  • 103
    • 0025133515 scopus 로고
    • Tissue patterning in the developing mouse limb
    • Martin P. 1990. Tissue patterning in the developing mouse limb. Int J Dev Biol 34:323-336.
    • (1990) Int J Dev Biol , vol.34 , pp. 323-336
    • Martin, P.1
  • 104
    • 0017161580 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of chondrogenesis and calcification in the developing limb of the lizard, Calotes versicolor
    • Mathur JK, Goel SC. 1976. Patterns of chondrogenesis and calcification in the developing limb of the lizard, Calotes versicolor. J Morphol 149:401-420.
    • (1976) J Morphol , vol.149 , pp. 401-420
    • Mathur, J.K.1    Goel, S.C.2
  • 105
    • 0002709602 scopus 로고
    • Embryology of the opossum
    • McCrady E. 1938. Embryology of the opossum. Am Anat Mem 16:1-233.
    • (1938) Am Anat Mem , vol.16 , pp. 1-233
    • McCrady, E.1
  • 109
    • 0011907131 scopus 로고
    • Normal plates of the development of the rabbit (Lepus cuniculus L)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer, Jena
    • Minot CS, Taylor E. 1905. Normal plates of the development of the rabbit (Lepus cuniculus L). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere (5). Jena: Gustav Fischer, Jena.
    • (1905) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbeltiere , Issue.5
    • Minot, C.S.1    Taylor, E.2
  • 110
    • 84982070066 scopus 로고
    • A re-investigation of the development of the wing of the fowl
    • Montagna W. 1945. A re-investigation of the development of the wing of the fowl. J Morphol 76:87-113.
    • (1945) J Morphol , vol.76 , pp. 87-113
    • Montagna, W.1
  • 111
    • 0031884082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The forefin of Chensaurus chaoxianensis (Ichthyosauria) shows delayed mesopodial ossification
    • Motani R, You H. 1998. The forefin of Chensaurus chaoxianensis (Ichthyosauria) shows delayed mesopodial ossification. J Paleontol 72:133-136.
    • (1998) J Paleontol , vol.72 , pp. 133-136
    • Motani, R.1    You, H.2
  • 112
    • 0025259908 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of the limb skeleton in Alligator mississippiensis: Developmental invariance and change in the evolution of archosaur limbs
    • Müller GB, Alberch P. 1990. Ontogeny of the limb skeleton in Alligator mississippiensis: developmental invariance and change in the evolution of archosaur limbs. J Morphol 203:151-164.
    • (1990) J Morphol , vol.203 , pp. 151-164
    • Müller, G.B.1    Alberch, P.2
  • 113
    • 0026508181 scopus 로고
    • Developmental staging in a marsupial Dasyurus hallucatus
    • Nelson JE. 1992. Developmental staging in a marsupial Dasyurus hallucatus. Anat Embryol 185:335-354.
    • (1992) Anat Embryol , vol.185 , pp. 335-354
    • Nelson, J.E.1
  • 115
    • 0028149891 scopus 로고
    • A positive feedback loop coordinates growth and patterning in the vertebrate limb
    • Niswander L, Jeffrey S, Martin GR, Tickle C. 1994. A positive feedback loop coordinates growth and patterning in the vertebrate limb. Nature 371:609-612.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , pp. 609-612
    • Niswander, L.1    Jeffrey, S.2    Martin, G.R.3    Tickle, C.4
  • 116
    • 0031810566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical analyses of developmental sequences: The craniofacial region in marsupial and placental mammals
    • Nunn CL, Smith KK. 1998. Statistical analyses of developmental sequences: the craniofacial region in marsupial and placental mammals. Am Nat 152:82-101.
    • (1998) Am Nat , vol.152 , pp. 82-101
    • Nunn, C.L.1    Smith, K.K.2
  • 117
    • 0037370241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extending the table of stages of normal development of the axolotl: Limb development
    • Nye HL, Cameron JA, Chernoff EA, Stocum DL. 2003. Extending the table of stages of normal development of the axolotl: limb development. Dev Dyn 226: 555-560.
    • (2003) Dev Dyn , vol.226 , pp. 555-560
    • Nye, H.L.1    Cameron, J.A.2    Chernoff, E.A.3    Stocum, D.L.4
  • 118
    • 0007856662 scopus 로고
    • The ectodermal thickening and ridge in the limbs of staged human embryos
    • O'Rahilly R, Gardner E. 1956. The ectodermal thickening and ridge in the limbs of staged human embryos. J Embryol Exp Morphol 4:254-264.
    • (1956) J Embryol Exp Morphol , vol.4 , pp. 254-264
    • O'rahilly, R.1    Gardner, E.2
  • 121
    • 26444449386 scopus 로고
    • Mitteilungen zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Eidechse. IV und V. Die Extremitätenscheitelleiste der Amnioten und die Anlage der Mitteldarmdrüsen
    • Peter K. 1902. Mitteilungen zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Eidechse. IV und V. Die Extremitätenscheitelleiste der Amnioten und die Anlage der Mitteldarmdrüsen. Arch Mik Anat Entwick 61:509-535.
    • (1902) Arch Mik Anat Entwick , vol.61 , pp. 509-535
    • Peter, K.1
  • 122
    • 23744507301 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Zauneidechse (Lacerta agilis)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Peter K. 1904. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Zauneidechse (Lacerta agilis). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (4). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1904) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.4
    • Peter, K.1
  • 123
    • 34347158817 scopus 로고
    • Die Entwicklung des Vorderen Extremitätenskelettes beim Haushuhn
    • Prein F. 1914. Die Entwicklung des Vorderen Extremitätenskelettes beim Haushuhn. Anat Hefte 51:643-690.
    • (1914) Anat Hefte , vol.51 , pp. 643-690
    • Prein, F.1
  • 124
    • 0001177359 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of limb reduction in the teiid lizard genus Bachia
    • Presch W. 1975. The evolution of limb reduction in the teiid lizard genus Bachia. Bull South Calif Acad Sci 74:113-121.
    • (1975) Bull South Calif Acad Sci , vol.74 , pp. 113-121
    • Presch, W.1
  • 126
    • 0024938991 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony: Developmental mechanisms and evolutionary results
    • Raff RA, Wray GA. 1989. Heterochrony: developmental mechanisms and evolutionary results. J Evol Biol 2:409-434.
    • (1989) J Evol Biol , vol.2 , pp. 409-434
    • Raff, R.A.1    Wray, G.A.2
  • 127
    • 68149118934 scopus 로고
    • The development of the American alligator
    • Reese AM. 1908. The development of the American alligator. Smithsonian Misc Coll 51:1-66.
    • (1908) Smithsonian Misc Coll , vol.51 , pp. 1-66
    • Reese, A.M.1
  • 128
    • 0000976594 scopus 로고
    • Charactéristiques du développement embryonnaire de la Tortue Luth, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761)
    • Renous S, Rimblot-Baly F, Fretey J, Pieau C. 1989. Charactéristiques du développement embryonnaire de la Tortue Luth, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761). Ann Sci Nat Zool Paris 10:197-229.
    • (1989) Ann Sci Nat Zool Paris , vol.10 , pp. 197-229
    • Renous, S.1    Rimblot-Baly, F.2    Fretey, J.3    Pieau, C.4
  • 129
    • 0029618678 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony and the phylotypic period
    • Richardson MK. 1995. Heterochrony and the phylotypic period. Dev Biol 172:412-421.
    • (1995) Dev Biol , vol.172 , pp. 412-421
    • Richardson, M.K.1
  • 130
    • 0042846132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental constraints in a comparative framework: A test case using variations in phalanx number during amniote evolution
    • Richardson MK, Chipman AD. 2003. Developmental constraints in a comparative framework: a test case using variations in phalanx number during amniote evolution. J Exp Zool Part B (Mol Dev Evol) 296B:8-22.
    • (2003) J Exp Zool Part B (Mol Dev Evol) , vol.296 B , pp. 8-22
    • Richardson, M.K.1    Chipman, A.D.2
  • 131
    • 0036860590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time, pattern, and heterochrony: A study of hyperphalangy in the dolphin embryo flipper
    • Richardson MK, Oelschläger HA. 2002. Time, pattern, and heterochrony: a study of hyperphalangy in the dolphin embryo flipper. Evol Dev 4:435-444.
    • (2002) Evol Dev , vol.4 , pp. 435-444
    • Richardson, M.K.1    Oelschläger, H.A.2
  • 133
    • 0031823792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb development and evolution in Eleutherodactylus coqui, a frog with no apical ectodermal ridge (AER)
    • Richardson MK, Carl T, Hanken J, Elinson RP, Cope C, Bagley P. 1998b. Limb development and evolution in Eleutherodactylus coqui, a frog with no apical ectodermal ridge (AER). J Anat 192:379-390.
    • (1998) J Anat , vol.192 , pp. 379-390
    • Richardson, M.K.1    Carl, T.2    Hanken, J.3    Elinson, R.P.4    Cope, C.5    Bagley, P.6
  • 134
    • 1842825781 scopus 로고
    • Uber einige Entwicklungsstadien des Handskelets der Emys lutaria Marsili
    • Rosenberg E. 1892. Uber einige Entwicklungsstadien des Handskelets der Emys lutaria Marsili. Morphol Jahrb 18:1-34.
    • (1892) Morphol Jahrb , vol.18 , pp. 1-34
    • Rosenberg, E.1
  • 135
    • 0037108399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative patterns of postcranial ontogeny in therian mammals: An analysis of relative timing of ossification events
    • Sánchez-Villagra MR. 2002. Comparative patterns of postcranial ontogeny in therian mammals: an analysis of relative timing of ossification events. J Exp Zool 294:264-273.
    • (2002) J Exp Zool , vol.294 , pp. 264-273
    • Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.1
  • 136
    • 34248554449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autopodial development in the sea turtles Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta
    • Sánchez-Villagra MR, Mitgutsch C, Nagashima H, Kuratani S. 2007. Autopodial development in the sea turtles Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta. Zoolog Sci 24:257-263.
    • (2007) Zoolog Sci , vol.24 , pp. 257-263
    • Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.1    Mitgutsch, C.2    Nagashima, H.3    Kuratani, S.4
  • 137
    • 51249095359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved relative timing of cranial ossification patterns in early mammalian evolution
    • Sánchez-Villagra MR, Goswami A, Weisbecker V, Mock O, Kuratani S. 2008a. Conserved relative timing of cranial ossification patterns in early mammalian evolution. Evol Dev 10:519-530.
    • (2008) Evol Dev , vol.10 , pp. 519-530
    • Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.1    Goswami, A.2    Weisbecker, V.3    Mock, O.4    Kuratani, S.5
  • 138
    • 51549111585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb chondrogenesis in Graptemys nigrinoda (Emydidae), with comments on the primary axis and the digital arch in turtles
    • Sánchez-Villagra MR, Ziermann JM, Olsson L. 2008b. Limb chondrogenesis in Graptemys nigrinoda (Emydidae), with comments on the primary axis and the digital arch in turtles. Amphibia Reptilia 29:85-92.
    • (2008) Amphibia Reptilia , vol.29 , pp. 85-92
    • Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.1    Ziermann, J.M.2    Olsson, L.3
  • 139
    • 0142040824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fgf signaling controls the number of phalanges and tip formation in developing digits
    • Sanz-Ezquerro JJ, Tickle C. 2003. Fgf signaling controls the number of phalanges and tip formation in developing digits. Curr Biol 13:1830-1836.
    • (2003) Curr Biol , vol.13 , pp. 1830-1836
    • Sanz-Ezquerro, J.J.1    Tickle, C.2
  • 140
    • 0002710730 scopus 로고
    • The experimental analysis of chick limb bud development
    • In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Saunders JW. 1977. The experimental analysis of chick limb bud development. In: Ede DA, Hinchliffe JR, Balls M, editors. Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 1-24.
    • (1977) Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis , pp. 1-24
    • Saunders, J.W.1
  • 141
    • 0001932274 scopus 로고
    • Normal plates of the development of Squalus acanthias
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Scammon RE. 1911. Normal plates of the development of Squalus acanthias. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (4). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1911) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.4
    • Scammon, R.E.1
  • 142
    • 13444293004 scopus 로고
    • Die Entwicklung des Vogelflügels
    • Schestakowa GS. 1927. Die Entwicklung des Vogelflügels. Bul SocNatur Moscau 36:163-210.
    • (1927) Bul SocNatur Moscau , vol.36 , pp. 163-210
    • Schestakowa, G.S.1
  • 143
    • 0035888922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using heterochrony plots to detect the dissociated coevolution of characters
    • Schlosser G. 2001. Using heterochrony plots to detect the dissociated coevolution of characters. J Exp Zool 291:282-304.
    • (2001) J Exp Zool , vol.291 , pp. 282-304
    • Schlosser, G.1
  • 144
    • 37549045281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular determinants of bat wing development
    • Sears KE. 2008. Molecular determinants of bat wing development. Cells Tissues Organs 187:6-12.
    • (2008) Cells Tissues Organs , vol.187 , pp. 6-12
    • Sears, K.E.1
  • 146
    • 0025970587 scopus 로고
    • A timetable of embryonic development, and ovarian and uterine changes during pregnancy, in the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae)
    • Selwood L, Woolley PA. 1991. A timetable of embryonic development, and ovarian and uterine changes during pregnancy, in the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae). J Reprod Fertil 91: 213-227.
    • (1991) J Reprod Fertil , vol.91 , pp. 213-227
    • Selwood, L.1    Woolley, P.A.2
  • 147
    • 0345320092 scopus 로고
    • Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Monotremen
    • Semon R. 1894. Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Monotremen. Zool Forsch Australien 2.
    • (1894) Zool Forsch Australien , vol.2
    • Semon, R.1
  • 148
    • 0040536604 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Ceratodus forsteri
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Gustav Fischer
    • Semon R. 1901. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Ceratodus forsteri. In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (3). Jena: Gustav Fischer.
    • (1901) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , Issue.3
    • Semon, R.1
  • 149
    • 0011884821 scopus 로고
    • Die Entwickelung der pentadaktylen Extremität der Wirbeltiere
    • Sewertzoff AN. 1904. Die Entwickelung der pentadaktylen Extremität der Wirbeltiere. Anat Anz 25:472-494.
    • (1904) Anat Anz , vol.25 , pp. 472-494
    • Sewertzoff, A.N.1
  • 150
    • 69249243754 scopus 로고
    • The origin and evolution of limbs. Moscow and Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR
    • Severtsov AN. 1950. Collected works, Vol. II: The origin and evolution of limbs. Moscow and Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
    • (1950) Collected works, Vol. II
    • Severtsov, A.N.1
  • 151
    • 0002148320 scopus 로고
    • Studien über die Entwicklung der Muskeln, Nerven und des Skeletts der Extremitäten der niederen Tetrapoda
    • Sewertzoff AN. 1908. Studien über die Entwicklung der Muskeln, Nerven und des Skeletts der Extremitäten der niederen Tetrapoda. Bull Soc Imp Nat Moscow 21:1-430.
    • (1908) Bull Soc Imp Nat Moscow , vol.21 , pp. 1-430
    • Sewertzoff, A.N.1
  • 152
    • 0036896307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental morphology of limb reduction in Hemiergis (Squamata: Scincidae): chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and heterochrony
    • Shapiro MD. 2002. Developmental morphology of limb reduction in Hemiergis (Squamata: Scincidae): chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and heterochrony. J Morphol 254: 211-231.
    • (2002) J Morphol , vol.254 , pp. 211-231
    • Shapiro, M.D.1
  • 153
    • 0141817844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental basis of evolutionary digit loss in the Australian lizard Hemiergis
    • Shapiro MD, Hanken J, Rosenthal N. 2003. Developmental basis of evolutionary digit loss in the Australian lizard Hemiergis. J Exp Zoolog Part B Mol Dev Evol 297:48-56.
    • (2003) J Exp Zoolog Part B Mol Dev Evol , vol.297 , pp. 48-56
    • Shapiro, M.D.1    Hanken, J.2    Rosenthal, N.3
  • 154
    • 0037379272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osteology and skeletal development of Apalone spinifera (Reptilia: Testudines: Trionychidae)
    • Sheil CA. 2003. Osteology and skeletal development of Apalone spinifera (Reptilia: Testudines: Trionychidae). J Morphol 256:42-78.
    • (2003) J Morphol , vol.256 , pp. 42-78
    • Sheil, C.A.1
  • 155
    • 12244309770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal development of Macrochelys temminckii (Reptilia: Testudines: Chelydridae)
    • Sheil CA. 2005. Skeletal development of Macrochelys temminckii (Reptilia: Testudines: Chelydridae). J Morphol 263:71-106.
    • (2005) J Morphol , vol.263 , pp. 71-106
    • Sheil, C.A.1
  • 156
    • 51549085017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation and ossification of limb elements in Trachemys scripta and a discussion of autopodial elements in turtles
    • Sheil CA. 2008. Formation and ossification of limb elements in Trachemys scripta and a discussion of autopodial elements in turtles. Zool Sci 25:622-641.
    • (2008) Zool Sci , vol.25 , pp. 622-641
    • Sheil, C.A.1
  • 157
    • 15244339306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsideration of the skeletal development of Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia: Testudines: Chelydridae)
    • Sheil CA, Greenbaum E. 2005. Reconsideration of the skeletal development of Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia: Testudines: Chelydridae). J Zool 265:235-267.
    • (2005) J Zool , vol.265 , pp. 235-267
    • Sheil, C.A.1    Greenbaum, E.2
  • 158
    • 0029108649 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of paired fins and the origin of tetrapod limbs: Phylogenetic and transformational approaches
    • Shubin N. 1995. The evolution of paired fins and the origin of tetrapod limbs: phylogenetic and transformational approaches. Evol Biol 28:39-86.
    • (1995) Evol Biol , vol.28 , pp. 39-86
    • Shubin, N.1
  • 159
    • 0000427057 scopus 로고
    • A morphogenetic approach to the origin and basic organisation of the tetrapod limb
    • In: Hecht MK, Wallace B, Prance GI, editors., New York: Plenum Press
    • Shubin NH, Alberch P. 1986. A morphogenetic approach to the origin and basic organisation of the tetrapod limb. In: Hecht MK, Wallace B, Prance GI, editors. Evolutionary biology. New York: Plenum Press. p 319-387.
    • (1986) Evolutionary biology , pp. 319-387
    • Shubin, N.H.1    Alberch, P.2
  • 160
    • 0009958407 scopus 로고
    • Zur Entwicklung der Vogelextremität
    • Sieglbauer F. 1911. Zur Entwicklung der Vogelextremität. Zeit Wiss Zool 97:262-313.
    • (1911) Zeit Wiss Zool , vol.97 , pp. 262-313
    • Sieglbauer, F.1
  • 161
    • 69249234425 scopus 로고
    • The embryology of Cryptobranchus allegheniensis, including comparisons with other vertebrates
    • Smith BG. 1912. The embryology of Cryptobranchus allegheniensis, including comparisons with other vertebrates. J Morphol 23:579.
    • (1912) J Morphol , vol.23 , pp. 579
    • Smith, B.G.1
  • 162
    • 0034905630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony revisited: The evolution of developmental sequences
    • Smith KK. 2001. Heterochrony revisited: the evolution of developmental sequences. Biol J Linn Soc 73:169-186.
    • (2001) Biol J Linn Soc , vol.73 , pp. 169-186
    • Smith, K.K.1
  • 163
    • 0041903803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of physiological regulatory systems: Altering the timing of crucial events
    • Spicer JI, Burggren WW. 2003. Development of physiological regulatory systems: altering the timing of crucial events. Zoology 106:91-99.
    • (2003) Zoology , vol.106 , pp. 91-99
    • Spicer, J.I.1    Burggren, W.W.2
  • 164
    • 69249247869 scopus 로고
    • Zur Entwickelung der Extremitätenknorpel bei Salamandern und Tritonen
    • Strasser H. 1879. Zur Entwickelung der Extremitätenknorpel bei Salamandern und Tritonen. Morphol Jahrb 5:240-315.
    • (1879) Morphol Jahrb , vol.5 , pp. 240-315
    • Strasser, H.1
  • 165
    • 0015803611 scopus 로고
    • Positional information in chick limb morphogenesis
    • Summerbell D, Lewis JH, Wolpert L. 1973. Positional information in chick limb morphogenesis. Nature 244:492-496.
    • (1973) Nature , vol.244 , pp. 492-496
    • Summerbell, D.1    Lewis, J.H.2    Wolpert, L.3
  • 166
    • 34250710115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the proximodistal axis of the vertebrate limb in the molecular era
    • Tabin C, Wolpert L. 2007. Rethinking the proximodistal axis of the vertebrate limb in the molecular era. Genes Dev 21:1433-1442.
    • (2007) Genes Dev , vol.21 , pp. 1433-1442
    • Tabin, C.1    Wolpert, L.2
  • 167
    • 0032857541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of Tbx4 and Tbx5 in Zebrafish fin buds
    • Tamura K., Yonei-Tamura S, Belmonte JC. 1999. Differential expression of Tbx4 and Tbx5 in Zebrafish fin buds. Mech Dev 87:181-184.
    • (1999) Mech Dev , vol.87 , pp. 181-184
    • Tamura, K.1    Yonei-Tamura, S.2    Belmonte, J.C.3
  • 168
    • 0015135420 scopus 로고
    • Early limb development of Xenopus laevis
    • Tarin D, Sturdee AP. 1971. Early limb development of Xenopus laevis. J Embryol Exp Morphol 26:169-179.
    • (1971) J Embryol Exp Morphol , vol.26 , pp. 169-179
    • Tarin, D.1    Sturdee, A.P.2
  • 169
    • 0001704131 scopus 로고
    • Embryonic development of the Platyfish (Platpoecilus), the swordtail (Xiphophorus) and their hybrids
    • Tavolga WN. 1949. Embryonic development of the Platyfish (Platpoecilus), the swordtail (Xiphophorus) and their hybrids. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 94:165-229.
    • (1949) Bull Am Mus Nat Hist , vol.94 , pp. 165-229
    • Tavolga, W.N.1
  • 170
    • 0018761695 scopus 로고
    • Stages in the prenatal development of the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus)
    • ten Donkelaar HJ, Geysberts LG, Dederen PJ. 1979. Stages in the prenatal development of the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). Anat Embryol 156:1-28.
    • (1979) Anat Embryol , vol.156 , pp. 1-28
    • ten Donkelaar, H.J.1    Geysberts, L.G.2    Dederen, P.J.3
  • 172
    • 33646036673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal embryonic development of the Japanese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus abramus
    • Tokita M. 2006. Normal embryonic development of the Japanese pipistrelle, Pipistrellus abramus. Zoology (Jena) 109:137-147.
    • (2006) Zoology (Jena) , vol.109 , pp. 137-147
    • Tokita, M.1
  • 173
    • 0026939392 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal development in Xenopus laevis (Anura: Pipidae)
    • Trueb L, Hanken J. 1992. Skeletal development in Xenopus laevis (Anura: Pipidae). J Morphol 214:1-41.
    • (1992) J Morphol , vol.214 , pp. 1-41
    • Trueb, L.1    Hanken, J.2
  • 174
    • 85031367541 scopus 로고
    • Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Ziesels (Spermophilus citillus)
    • In: Keibel F, editor., Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer
    • Völker O. 1922. Normentafel zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des Ziesels (Spermophilus citillus). In: Keibel F, editor. Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere (13). Jena: Verlag von Gustav Fischer.
    • (1922) Normentafeln zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Wirbelthiere , pp. 13
    • Völker, O.1
  • 175
    • 23044523909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental evolution as a mechanistic science: The inference from developmental mechanisms to evolutionary processes
    • Wagner GP, Chiu C, Laubichler M. 2000. Developmental evolution as a mechanistic science: the inference from developmental mechanisms to evolutionary processes. Am Zool 40:819-831.
    • (2000) Am Zool , vol.40 , pp. 819-831
    • Wagner, G.P.1    Chiu, C.2    Laubichler, M.3
  • 176
    • 0032468533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb development in the Pacific Giant salamanders, Dicamptodon (Amphibia, Caudata, Dicamptodontidae)
    • Wake DB, Shubin N. 1998. Limb development in the Pacific Giant salamanders, Dicamptodon (Amphibia, Caudata, Dicamptodontidae). Can J Zool 76:2058-2066.
    • (1998) Can J Zool , vol.76 , pp. 2058-2066
    • Wake, D.B.1    Shubin, N.2
  • 178
    • 0033926772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A posthatching developmental staging table for the long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum krausei
    • Watson S, Russell AP. 2000. A posthatching developmental staging table for the long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum krausei. Amphibia Reptilia 21:143-154.
    • (2000) Amphibia Reptilia , vol.21 , pp. 143-154
    • Watson, S.1    Russell, A.P.2
  • 179
    • 47849131373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ossification heterochrony in the mammalian postcranial skeleton and the marsupial-placental dichotomy
    • Weisbecker V, Goswami A, Wroe S, Sánchez-Villagra MR. 2008. Ossification heterochrony in the mammalian postcranial skeleton and the marsupial-placental dichotomy. Evolution 62:2027-2041.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 2027-2041
    • Weisbecker, V.1    Goswami, A.2    Wroe, S.3    Sánchez-Villagra, M.R.4
  • 180
    • 23044478112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb developmental stages of the newt Notophthalmus viridescens
    • Wong CJ, Liversage RA. 2005. Limb developmental stages of the newt Notophthalmus viridescens. Int J Dev Biol 49:375-389.
    • (2005) Int J Dev Biol , vol.49 , pp. 375-389
    • Wong, C.J.1    Liversage, R.A.2
  • 182
    • 0014291463 scopus 로고
    • A series of stages in the embryonic development of Chelydra serpentina
    • Yntema CL. 1968. A series of stages in the embryonic development of Chelydra serpentina. J Morphol 125: 219-251.
    • (1968) J Morphol , vol.125 , pp. 219-251
    • Yntema, C.L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.