Somite number and vertebrate evolution

Development

Volumn 125, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 151-160

  Richardson, Michael K ^a   Allen, Steven P ^a   Wright, Glenda M ^b   Raynaud, Albert ^c   Hanken, James ^d  

^a ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE   (France)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Evolution; Hox genes; Phylotypic stage; Segmentation; Somite number; Vertebrate

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; FEATHER; LIMB DEVELOPMENT; MODEL; NEUROMERE; NONHUMAN; PHARYNX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RHOMBENCEPHALON; SOMITE; VERTEBRA; VERTEBRATE;

ANIMALS; EVOLUTION; GENES, HOMEOBOX; PHARYNX; SOMITES; VERTEBRATES;

VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0031884770     PISSN: 09501991     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (92)

1. Anderson, D. T. (1973). Embryology and Phylogeny in Annelids and Arthropods. Oxford: Pergamon.
2. Anderson, S. and Jones, J. K. (1984) Orders and Families of Recent Mammals of the World. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
3. Azpiazu, N. and Frasch, M. (1993). tinman and bagpipe: two homeo box genes that determine cell fates in the dorsal mesoderm of Drosophila. Genes Dev. 7, 1325-1340.
4. Baer, J. G. (1964) Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates. London: Butterworths.
5. Burke, A. C., Nelson, C. E., Morgan, B. A. and Tabin, C. (1995). Hox genes and the evolution of vertebrate axial morphology. Development 121, 333-346.
6. Chapman, D. L., Agulnik, I., Hancock, S., Silver, L. M., and Papaioannou, V. E. (1996). Tbx6, a mouse T-Box gene implicated in paraxial mesoderm formation at gastrulation. Dev. Biol. 180, 534-542.
7. Christ, B. and Wilting, J. (1992). From somites to vertebral column. Anat. Anz. 174, 23-32.
8. Collins, P. (1995) Embryology and Development. In Gray's Anatomy. pp 91-341. New York: Churchill Livingstone.
9. Conlon, R. A., Reaume, A. G. and Rossant, J. (1995). Notch1 is required for the coordinate segmentation of somites. Development 121, 1533-1545.
10. Cooke, J. (1975). Control of somite number during morphogenesis of a vertebrate, Xenopus laevis. Nature 254, 196-199.
11. Cooke, J. (1981). The problem of periodic patterns in embryos. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 295, 509-524.
12. Davidson, D. (1983). The mechanism of feather pattern development in the chick. 1. The time of determination of feather position. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 74, 245-259.
13. de la Pompa, J. L., Wakeham, A., Correia, K. M., Samper, E., Brown, S. Aguilera, R. J., Nakano, T., Honjo, T., Mak, TW., Rossant J. and Conlon RA. (1997). Conservation of the Notch signalling pathway in mammalian neurogenesis. Development. 124, 1139-1148.
14. De Robertis, E. M. (1997). The ancestry of segmentation. Nature 387, 25-26.
15. Dean, B. (1899) On the embryology of Bdellostoma stouti. In Feitschrift zum siebenzigsten Geburtstag von Carl von Kupffer. pp 221-276. Jena: Fischer-Verlag.
16. Duboule, D. (1994). Temporal colinearity and the phylotypic progression: a basis for the stability of a vertebrate Bauplan and the evolution of morphologies through heterochrony. Development 1994 Supplement 135-142.
17. Duellman, W. E. and Trueb, L. (1994) Biology of Amphibians. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
18. Elinson, R. P. (1987) Changes in developmental patterns: embryos of amphibians with large eggs. In Development as an evolutionary process, (ed. R. A. Raff). pp 1-21. New York: Alan R. Liss.
19. Frohman, M. A., Martin, G. R., Cordes, S. P., Halamek, L. P. and Barsh, G. S. (1993). Altered rhombomere-specific gene expression and hyoid bone differentiation in the mouse segmentation mutant, kreisler (kr). Development 117, 925-936.
20. Gaunt, S. J. (1994). Conservation in the Hox code during morphological evolution. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 38, 549-552.
21. Gerhart, J. C. and Kirschner, M. W. (1997). Cells, Embryos and Evolution. Oxford: Blackwell.
22. Greco, T. L., Takada, S., Newhouse, M. M., McMahon, J. A., McMahon, A. P. and Camper, S. A. (1996). Analysis of the vestigial tail mutation demonstrates that Wnt-3a gene dosage regulates mouse axial development. Genes Dev. 10, 313-324.
23. Gont, L. K., Steinbeisser, H., Blumberg, B. and De Robertis, E. M. (1993). Tail formation as a continuation of gastrulation: the multiple cell populations of the Xenopus tailbud derive from the late blastopore lip. Development 119, 991-1004.
24. Haeckel, E. (1874) Anthropogenie oder Entwickelungsgeschichte des Menschen. Leipzig: Engelmann.
25. Hardy, A., Richardson, M. K., Francis-West, P. H., Rodriguez, C., Izpisua-Belmonte, JC, Duprez, D. and Wolpert, L. (1995). Gene expression, polarising activity and skeletal patterning in reaggregated hind limb mesenchyme. Development 121, 4329-4337.
26. Holland, L. Z., Kene, M., Williams, N. A. and Holland, N. D. (1997). Sequence and embryonic expression of the amphioxus engrailed gene (AmphiEn): the metameric pattern of transcription resembles that of its segment-polarity homolog in Drosophila. Development 124, 1723-1732.
27. Holland, N. D., Holland, L. Z., Honma, Y. and Fujii, T. (1993). Engrailed expression during development of a lamprey, Lampetra japonica: a possible clue to homologies between agnathan and gnathostome muscles of the mandibular arch. Dev. Growth. Differen. 35, 153-160.
28. Houston, B., Thorp, B. H. and Burt, D. W. (1994). Molecular cloning and expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the chick epiphyseal growth plate. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 13, 289-301.
29. Hrabe de Angelis, M., McIntyre, J. and Gossler, A. (1997). Maintenance of somite borders in mice requires the delta homologue Dll1. Nature 386, 717-721.
30. Hubert, J. and Dufaure, J. P. (1968). Table de développement de la vipère aspic, Vipera aspis L. Bull. Soc. Zool. France 93, 135-148.
31. Hunt, P. and Krumlauf, R. (1992). Hox codes and positional specification in vertebrate embryonic axes. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 8, 227-256.
32. Ingham, P. W. and Martinez Arias, A. (1992). Boundaries and fields in early embryos. Cell 68, 221-235.
33. Irving, C., Nieto, M. A., DasGupta, R., Charnay, P. and Wilkinson, D. G. (1996). Progressive spatial restriction of Sek-1 and Krox-20 gene expression during hindbrain segmentation. Dev. Biol. 173, 26-38.
34. Kessel, M. and Gruss, P. (1991). Homeotic transformations of murine vertebrrae and concomitant alterations of flox codes induced by retinoic acid. Cell 67, 89-104.
35. Keynes, R. and Stern, C. (1988). Mechanisms of segmentation in vertebrates. Development 103, 413-429.
36. Kimmel, C. B., Sepich, D. S. and Trevarrow, B. (1988). Development of segmentation in zebrafish. Development 104 Supplement, 197-207.
37. Krumlauf, R. (1992). Evolution of the vertebrate Hox homeobox genes. BioEssays 14, 245-252.
38. Lawrence, P. A. (1992) The Making of a Fly: the Genetics of Animal Design. Oxford: Blackwell.
39. Lucas, A. M. and Stettenheim, P. R. (1972). Avian Anatomy: Integument. Part 1. Washington DC: United States Dept. Agriculture.
40. Lumsden, A. and Krumlauf, R. (1996). Patterning the vertebrate neuraxis. Science 214, 1109-1115.
41. Manak, J. R. and Scott, M. P. (1994). A class act: conservation of homeodomain protein functions. Development 1994 Supplement, 61-77.
42. McLachlan, J. C. (1980). The effect of 6-aminonicotinamide on limb development. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 55, 307-318.
43. Mills, C. L. and Bellairs, R. (1989). Mitosis and cell death in the tail of the chick embryo. Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 180, 301-308.
44. Minelli, A. (1992). Towards a new comparative morphology of myriapods. Ber. nat.-med. Ver. Innsbruck Suppl. 10, 37-46.
45. Moens, C. B., Yan, Y. L., Appel, B., Force, A. G. and Kimmel, C. B. (1996). valentino: a zebrafish gene required for normal hindbrain segmentation. Development 122, 3981-3990.
46. Müller, M. v. Weizsacker, E. and Campos-Ortega, J. A. (1996). Expression domains of a zebrafish homologue of the Drosophila pair-rule gene hairy correspond to primordia of alternating somites. Development 122, 2071-2078.
47. Nagy, L. M. and Carroll, S. (1994). Conservation of wingless patterning functions in the short-germ embryos of Tribolium castaneum. Nature, 367, 460-463.
48. Needham, J. (1950). Biochemistry and Morphogenesis. Cambridge University Press.
49. Nieto, M. A., Gilardi-Hebenstreit, P., Charnay, P. and Wilkinson, D. G. (1992). A receptor protein tyrosine kinase implicated in the segmental patterning of the hindbrain and mesoderm. Development 116, 1137-1150.
50. Nieuwkoop, P. D. and Faber, J. (1967) Normal Table of Xenopus laevis. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
51. Pankratz, M. J. and Jackle, H. (1993). Blastoderm Segmentation. In The Development of Drosophila melanogaster (ed. M. Bate, A. Martinez-Arias). pp. 467-516. Vol. 1. New York: Cold Spring Harbor
52. Primmett, D. R., Norris, W. E., Carlson, G. J., Keynes, R. J. and Stern, C. D. (1989). Periodic segmental anomalies induced by heat shock in the chick embryo are associated with the cell cycle. Development 105, 119-130.
53. Primmett, D. R., Stern, C. D. and Keynes, R. J. (1988). Heat shock causes repeated segmental anomalies in the chick embryo. Development 104, 331-339.
54. Raff, R. A. (1996) The Shape of Life: Genes, Development and the Eevolution of Animal Form. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
55. Raynaud, A. (1994). Données préliminaires sur l'allongement du corps et la somitogenèse chez les jeunes embryons d'Orvet (Anguis fragilis, L.) et de lézard vert (Lacerta viridis, Laur.). Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse, 130, 47-52.
56. Richardson, M. K., Hornbruch, A. and Wolpert, L. (1989). Pigment pattern expression in the plumage of the quail embryo and the quail-chick chimaera. Development 107, 805-818.
57. Richardson, M. K., Hornbruch, A. and Wolpert, L. (1990). Mechanisms of pigment pattern formation in the quail embryo. Development 109, 81-89.
58. Richardson, M. K., Hornbruch, A. and Wolpert, L. (1991). Pigment patterns in neural-crest chimeras constructed from quail and guinea fowl embryos. Dev. Biol. 143, 309-319.
59. Richardson, M. K. (1995). Heterochrony and the phylotypic period. Dev. Biol. 172, 412-421.
60. Richardson, M. K., Hanken, J., Gooneratne, M. L., Pieau, C., Raynaud, A., Selwood, L. and Wright, G. M. (1997). There is no highly conserved stage in vertebrate embryonic development: implications for current theories of evolution and development. Anat. Embryol. 196, 91-106.
61. Ros, M. A., Lyons, G. E., Mackem, S. and Fallon, J. F. (1994). Recombinant limbs as a model to study homeobox gene regulation during limb development. Dev. Biol. 166, 59-72.
62. Sammouri, R., Renous, S., Exbrayat, J. M. and Lescure, J. (1990). Développement embryonnaire de Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Amphibia, Gymnophiona). Ann. des Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris 11, 135-163.
63. Schneider-Maunoury, S., Seitanidou, T., Charnay, P. and Lumsden, A. (1997). Segmental and neuronal architecture of the hindbrain of Krox-20 mouse mutants. Development 124, 1215-1226.
64. Schultheiss, T. M., Xydas, S. and Lassar, A. B. (1995). Induction of avian cardiac myogenesis by anterior endoderm. Development 121, 4203-4214.
65. Scott, M. P. (1994). Intimations of a creature. Cell 79, 1121-1124.
66. Selleck, M. A. and Stern, C. D. (1991). Fate mapping and cell lineage analysis of Hensen's node in the chick embryo. Development 112, 615-626.
67. Sham, M. H., Vesque, C., Nonchev, S., Marshall, H., Frain, M., Gupta, R. D., Whiting, J, Wilkinson, D., Charnay, P. and Krumlauf, R. (1993). The zinc finger gene Krox20 regulates HoxB2 (Hox2. 8) during hindbrain segmentation. Cell 72, 183-196.
68. Slack, J. M., Holland, P. W. and Graham, C. F. (1993). The zootype and the phylotypic stage. Nature 361, 490-492.
69. Springer, V. G. and Garrick, J. A. F. (1964). A survey of vertebral numbers in sharks. Proc United States Nat. Mus. 116, 73-96.
70. Starck, J. M. (1996). Comparative morphology and cytokinetics of skeletal growth in hatchlings of altricial and precocial birds. Zool. Anz. 235, 53-75.
71. Stern, C. D., Fraser, S. E., Keynes, R. J. and Primmett, D. R. (1988). A cell lineage analysis of segmentation in the chick embryo. Development 104 Supplement, 231-244.
72. Stern, C. D., Hatada, Y., Selleck, M. A. J. and Storey, K. G. (1992). Relationships between mesoderm induction and the embryonic axes in chick and frog embryos. Development 1992 Supplement, 151-156.
73. Summerbell, D., Lewis, J. H. and Wolpert, L. (1975). Positional information in chick limb morphogenesis. Nature 244, 492-496.
74. Tabin, C. J. (1992). Why we have (only) five fingers per hand: hox genes and the evolution of paired limbs. Development. 116, 289-296.
75. Tam, P. P. (1981). The control of somitogenesis in mouse embryos. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 65 Supplement 103-128.
76. Tavolga, W. N. (1949). Embryonic development of the Platyfish (Platypoecilus), the swordtail (Xiphophorus) and their hybrids. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 94, 165-229.
77. Tickle, C., Summerbell, D. and Wolpert, L. (1975). Positional signalling and the specification of digits in chick limb morphogenesis. Nature 254, 199-202.
78. Townsend, D. S. and Stewart, M. M. (1985). Direct development in Eleutherodactylus coqui (Anura: Leptodactylidae): a staging table. Copeia 1985, 423-436.
79. Tucker, A. S. and Slack, J. M. W. (1995). The Xenopus laevis tail-forming region. Development 121, 249-262.
80. Verbout, A. J. (1985). The development of the vertebral column. Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell Biol. 90, 1-122.
81. Wall, N. A. and Hogan, B. L. (1995). Expression of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF-8) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) during branchial arch development in the chick. Mech. Dev. 53, 383-392.
82. Weisblat, D. A., Price, D. J. and Wedeen, C. J. (1988). Segmentation in leech development. Development 104 Supplement, 161-168.
83. Wilkinson, D. G., Bhatt, S., Cook, M., Boncinelli, E. and Krumlauf, R. (1989). Segmental expression of Hox-2 homoeobox-containing genes in the developing mouse hindbrain. Nature 341, 405-409.
84. Williams, N. A. and Holland, P. W. H. (1996). Old head on young shoulders. Nature 383, 490.
85. Wolpert, L. (1989). Positional information revisited. Development 1989 Supplement, 3-12.
86. Wolpert, L. (1991). The Triumph of The Embryo. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
87. Wolpert, L. and Stein, W. D. (1984) Positional information and pattern formation. In Pattern Formation, (ed. G. M. Malacinski and S. V. Bryant). pp 2-21. New York: MacMillan.
88. Wong, P. C., Zheng, H., Chen, H., Becher, M. W., Sirinathsinghji, D. J. S., Trumbauer, M. E., Chen, H. Y., Price, D. L., Van der Ploeg, L. H. T. and Sisodia, S. S. (1997). Presenilin 1 is required for Notch1 and Dll1 expression in the paraxial mesoderm. Nature 387, 288-292.
89. Wood, A. and Thorogood, P. (1994). Patterns of cell behaviour underlying somitogenesis and notochord formation in intact vertebrate embryos. Dev. Dyn. 201, 151-167.
90. Xu, Q., Alldus, G., Holder, N. and Wilkinson, D. G. (1995). Expression of truncated Sek-1 receptor tyrosine kinase disrupts the segmental restriction of gene expression in the Xenopus and zebrafish hindbrain. Development 121, 4005-4016.
91. Young, J. Z. (1962). The Life of Vertebrates. London: Oxford University Press.
92. Zhang, M., Kim, H. J., Marshall, H., Gendron-Maguire, M., Lucas, D. A., Baron, A., Gudas, L. J., Gridley, T., Krumlauf, R. and Grippo, J. F. (1994). Ectopic Hoxa-1 induces rhombomere transformation in mouse hindbrain. Development 120, 2431-2442.