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84869363974
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-1) after the chemical modification for 5 min with a 1 mM modifier solution in dichloromethane dehydrated. The etching with acid chlorides was retarded by the use of dehydrated solvents.
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-1) after the chemical modification for 5 min with a 1 mM modifier solution in dichloromethane dehydrated. The etching with acid chlorides was retarded by the use of dehydrated solvents.
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84869372482
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Because the rapid decrease in φ of the ITO surfaces oxidized and chemically modified afterward was observed in air within lOh, we measured initial values of φ and CA within 20 min. In addition, φ was calibrated by comparing observed values of contact potential difference (cpd) on the modified ITO surfaces with the cpd value observed on HOPG.14 For average cpd measurements with a Kelvin probe force microscope, 15 gold coated AFM tips chemically modified with decanethiol were used as previously.80
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From the view point of proportionality to surface concentrations XPS was considered to be more ideal, but the φ (t) measurements were found to be preferable for kinetics from their reproducibility. For Cl-S, the kinetic analysis was difficult because of small Δφ (t, The much higher degradation rates observed in water than in air are partially due to slight solubility of ITO in water see M. Pourbaix, Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1966
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From the view point of proportionality to surface concentrations XPS was considered to be more ideal, but the φ (t) measurements were found to be preferable for kinetics from their reproducibility. For Cl-S, the kinetic analysis was difficult because of small Δφ (t). The much higher degradation rates observed in water than in air are partially due to slight solubility of ITO in water (see M. Pourbaix, Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1966).
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This can be attributed to difference in reactivity against water between two types of surface bonds in CF3-S and Cl-P
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3-S and Cl-P.
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