Functional brain networks develop from a "local to distributed" organization

PLoS Computational Biology

Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2009, Pages

  Fair, Damien A ^a   Cohen, Alexander L ^b   Power, Jonathan D ^b   Dosenbach, Nico U F ^b   Church, Jessica A ^b   Miezin, Francis M ^b   Schlaggar, Bradley L ^b   Petersen, Steven E ^b  

^a OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRAIN; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

BRAIN NETWORKS; COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS; COMMUNITY DETECTION; CORRELATION STRENGTH; DISTRIBUTED ORGANIZATIONS; FUNCTIONAL NETWORK; HUMAN BRAIN; LARGE-SCALES; RESTING-STATE FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITIES; YOUNG ADULTS;

GRAPH THEORY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN MATURATION; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NEUROIMAGING; SCHOOL CHILD; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BRAIN; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HISTOLOGY; NERVE TRACT; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PHYSIOLOGY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BRAIN; CHILD; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; NERVE NET; NEURAL PATHWAYS;

EID: 67049119331     PISSN: 1553734X     EISSN: 15537358     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000381     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Johnson MH (2001) Functional brain development in humans. Nat Rev Neurosci 2: 475-483. (Pubitemid 33676582)
2. Moses P, Roe K, Buxton RB, Wong EC, Frank LR, et al. (2002) Functional MRI of global and local processing in children. Neuroimage 16: 415-424. (Pubitemid 34852456)
3. Brown TT, Lugar HM, Coalson RS, Miezin FM, Petersen SE, et al. (2005) Developmental changes in human cerebral functional organization for word generation. Cereb Cortex 15: 275-290. (Pubitemid 40270196)
4. Casey BJ, Galvan A, Hare TA (2005) Changes in cerebral functional organization during cognitive development. Curr Opin Neurobiol 15: 239-244. (Pubitemid 41569275)
5. Luna B, Thulborn KR, Munoz DP, Merriam EP, Garver KE, et al. (2001) Maturation of widely distributed brain function subserves cognitive development. Neuroimage 13: 786-793. (Pubitemid 32848324)
6. Fair DA, Brown TT, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL (2006) A comparison of analysis of variance and correlation methods for investigating cognitive development with fMRI. Dev Neuropsychol 30: 531-546.
7. Schlaggar BL, Brown TT, Lugar HM, Visscher KM, Miezin FM, et al. (2002) Functional neuroanatomical differences between adults and school-age children in the processing of single words. Science 296: 1476-1479. (Pubitemid 34553094)
8. Durston S, Davidson MC, Tottenham N, Galvan A, Spicer J, et al. (2006) A shift from diffuse to focal cortical activity with development. Dev Sci 9: 1-8.
9. Crone EA, Wendelken C, Donohue S, van Leijenhorst L, Bunge SA (2006) Neurocognitive development of the ability to manipulate information in working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 9315-9320. (Pubitemid 43904341)
10. Gaillard WD, Hertz-Pannier L, Mott SH, Barnett AS, LeBihan D, et al. (2000) Functional anatomy of cognitive development: fMRI of verbal fluency in children and adults. Neurology 54: 180-185. (Pubitemid 30038757)
11. Biswal B, Yetkin FZ, Haughton VM, Hyde JS (1995) Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo-planar MRI. Magn Reson Med 34: 537-541.
12. Nir Y, Hasson U, Levy I, Yeshurun Y, Malach R (2006) Widespread functional connectivity and fMRI fluctuations in human visual cortex in the absence of visual stimulation. Neuroimage 30: 1313-1324.
13. Leopold DA, Murayama Y, Logothetis NK (2003) Very slow activity fluctuations in monkey visual cortex: implications for functional brain imaging. Cereb Cortex 13: 422-433. (Pubitemid 36373687)
14. Lowe MJ, Mock BJ, Sorenson JA (1998) Functional connectivity in single and multislice echoplanar imaging using resting-state fluctuations. Neuroimage 7: 119-132. (Pubitemid 28355547)
15. Greicius MD, Krasnow B, Reiss AL, Menon V (2003) Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100: 253-258. (Pubitemid 36078061)
16. Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC, et al. (2005) The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 9673-9678. (Pubitemid 40981739)
17. Beckmann CF, DeLuca M, Devlin JT, Smith SM (2005) Investigations into resting-state connectivity using independent component analysis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 360: 1001-1013. (Pubitemid 41672861)
18. Salvador R, Suckling J, Schwarzbauer C, Bullmore E (2005) Undirected graphs of frequency-dependent functional connectivity in whole brain networks. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 360: 937-946. (Pubitemid 41672855)
19. Achard S, Salvador R, Whitcher B, Suckling J, Bullmore E (2006) A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs. J Neurosci 26: 63-72. (Pubitemid 43090914)
20. Damoiseaux JS, Rombouts SA, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Stam CJ, et al. (2006) Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 13848-13853. (Pubitemid 44413996)
21. Dosenbach NU, Fair DA, Miezin FM, Cohen AL, Wenger KK, et al. (2007) Distinct brain networks for adaptive and stable task control in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 11073-11078. (Pubitemid 47175228)
22. Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF, Church JA, Cohen AL, Brahmbhatt S, et al. (2007) Development of distinct control networks through segregation and integration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 13507-13512. (Pubitemid 47293975)
23. Fair DA, Schlaggar BL, Cohen AL, Miezin FM, Dosenbach NU, et al. (2007) A method for using blocked and event-related fMRI data to study "resting state" functional connectivity. Neuroimage 35: 396-405.
24. Andrews-Hanna JR, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Lustig C, Head D, et al. (2007) Disruption of large-scale brain systems in advanced aging. Neuron 56: 924-935. (Pubitemid 350181355)
25. Hampson M, Driesen NR, Skudlarski P, Gore JC, Constable RT (2006) Brain connectivity related to working memory performance. J Neurosci 26: 13338-13343. (Pubitemid 46011644)
26. Fox MD, Corbetta M, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Raichle ME (2006) Spontaneous neuronal activity distinguishes human dorsal and ventral attention systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 10046-10051. (Pubitemid 43993620)
27. Seeley WW, Menon V, Schatzberg AF, Keller J, Glover GH, et al. (2007) Dissociable intrinsic connectivity networks for salience processing and executive control. J Neurosci 27: 2349-2356. (Pubitemid 46340968)
28. Church JA, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF, Cohen AL, Miezin FM, et al. (2009) Control networks in pediatric Tourette Syndrome show immature and anomalous patterns of functional connectivity. Brain 132: 225-238.
29. Greicius MD, Srivastava G, Reiss AL, Menon V (2004) Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer's disease from healthy aging: evidence from functional MRI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 4637-4642. (Pubitemid 38437463)
30. Castellanos FX, Margulies DS, Kelly AMC, Uddin LQ, Ghaffari M, et al. (2008) Cingulate-precuneus interactions: a new locus of dysfunction in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 63: 332-337.
31. Just MA, Cherkassky VL, Keller TA, Kana RK, Minshew NJ (2007) Functional and anatomical cortical underconnectivity in autism: evidence from an FMRI study of an executive function task and corpus callosum morphometry. Cereb Cortex 17: 951-961. (Pubitemid 46434636)
32. Fair DA, Cohen AL, Dosenbach NU, Church JA, Miezin FM, et al. (2008) The maturing architecture of the brain's default network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 4028-4032. (Pubitemid 351723518)
33. Fransson P, Skiold B, Horsch S, Nordell A, Blennow M, et al. (2007) Restingstate networks in the infant brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 15531-15536.
34. Kelly AM, Di Martino A, Uddin LQ, Shehzad Z, Gee DG, et al. (2008) Development of anterior cingulate functional connectivity from late childhood to early adulthood. Cereb Cortex 19: 640-657.
35. Lin W, Zhu Q, Gao W, Chen Y, Toh CH, et al. (2008) Functional connectivity MR imaging reveals cortical functional connectivity in the developing brain. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 29: 1883-1889.
36. Dosenbach NU, Visscher KM, Palmer ED, Miezin FM, Wenger KK, et al. (2006) A core system for the implementation of task sets. Neuron 50: 799-812. (Pubitemid 43775735)
37. Dosenbach NU, Fair DA, Cohen AL, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE (2008) A dual-networks architecture of top-down control. Trends Cogn Sci 12: 99-105.
38. Shulman GL, Fiez JA, Corbetta M, Buckner RL, Miezin FM, et al. (1997) Common blood flow changes across visual tasks: II. Decreases in cerebral cortex. J Cogn Neurosci 9: 648-663. (Pubitemid 27455556)
39. Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ, Powers WJ, Gusnard DA, et al. (2001) A default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 676-682. (Pubitemid 32105102)
40. Fransson P (2005) Spontaneous low-frequency BOLD signal fluctuations: an fMRI investigation of the resting-state default mode of brain function hypothesis. Hum Brain Mapp 26: 15-29. (Pubitemid 41232552)
41. Mason MF, Norton MI, Van Horn JD, Wegner DM, Grafton ST, et al. (2007) Wandering minds: the default network and stimulus-independent thought. Science 315: 393-395. (Pubitemid 46175523)
42. Gilbert SJ, Dumontheil I, Simons JS, Frith CD, Burgess PW (2007) Comment on "Wandering minds: the default network and stimulus-independent thought". Science 317: 43; author reply 43.
43. Raichle ME, Snyder AZ (2007) A default mode of brain function: a brief history of an evolving idea. Neuroimage 37: 1083-1090. (Pubitemid 47385262)
44. Buckner RL, Vincent JL (2007) Unrest at rest: default activity and spontaneous network correlations. Neuroimage 37: 1091-1096. (Pubitemid 47385256)
45. Kamada K, Kawai S (1989) An algorithm for drawing general undirected graphs. Inf Process Lett 31: 7-15.
46. Newman ME (2006) Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 8577-8582. (Pubitemid 43878062)
47. Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks. Nature 393: 440-442.
48. Sporns O, Zwi JD (2004) The small world of the cerebral cortex. Neuroinformatics 2: 145-162. (Pubitemid 41214095)
49. Sporns O, Honey CJ (2006) Small worlds inside big brains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 19219-19220. (Pubitemid 46026014)
50. Berger H (1929) Uber das electrenkephalogramm des menschen. Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr 87: 527-570.
51. Berger H (1933) Uber das electrenkephalogramm des menschen. Arch Psychiatr NervenkrBr 100: 301-320.
52. Caton R (1875) The electric currents of the brain. Br Med J 2: 278.
53. Swartz BE, Goldensohn ES (1998) Timeline of the history of EEG and associated fields. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 106: 173-176.
54. Varela F, Lachaux J-P, Rodriguez E, Martinerie J (2001) The brainweb: phase synchronization and large-scale integration. Nat Rev Neurosci 2: 229-239. (Pubitemid 33673064)
55. Katz LC, Crowley JC (2002) Development of cortical circuits: lessons from ocular dominance columns. Nat Rev Neurosci 3: 34-42. (Pubitemid 135706563)
56. Luo L, O'Leary DD (2005) Axon retraction and degeneration in development and disease. Annu Rev Neurosci 28: 127-156. (Pubitemid 41098902)
57. Price DJ, Kennedy H, Dehay C, Zhou L, Mercier M, et al. (2006) The development of cortical connections. Eur J Neurosci 23: 910-920. (Pubitemid 43344686)
58. Sur M, Leamey CA (2001) Development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks. Nat Rev Neurosci 2: 251-262. (Pubitemid 33673066)
59. Miltner WH, Braun C, Arnold M, Witte H, Taub E (1999) Coherence of gamma-band EEG activity as a basis for associative learning. Nature 397: 434-436. (Pubitemid 29078910)
60. Bi G, Poo M (1999) Distributed synaptic modification in neural networks induced by patterned stimulation. Nature 401: 792-796. (Pubitemid 129515839)
61. Conel JL (1939-1963) The Postnatal Development of the Human Cerebral Cortex. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
62. Levitt P (2003) Structural and functional maturation of the developing primate brain. J Pediatr 143: S35-S45. (Pubitemid 37346692)
63. Huttenlocher PR (1979) Synaptic density in human frontal cortex - developmental changes and effects of aging. Brain Res 163: 195-205. (Pubitemid 9138619)
64. Huttenlocher PR, Dabholkar AS (1997) Regional differences in synaptogenesis in human cerebral cortex. J Comp Neurol 387: 167-178. (Pubitemid 27430343)
65. Huttenlocher PR, de Courten C, Garey LJ, Van der Loos H (1982) Synaptogenesis in human visual cortex-evidence for synapse elimination during normal development. Neurosci Lett 33: 247-252.
66. Ebbesson SO (1980) The parcellation theory and its relation to interspecific variability in brain organization, evolutionary and ontogenetic development, and neuronal plasticity. Cell Tissue Res 213: 179-212. (Pubitemid 11170965)
67. Greenough WT, Black JE, Wallace CS (1987) Experience and brain development. Child Dev 58: 539-559.
68. Brody BA, Kinney HC, Kloman AS, Gilles FH (1987) Sequence of central nervous system myelination in human infancy. I. An autopsy study of myelination. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 46: 283-301. (Pubitemid 17069794)
69. Flechsig PE Anatomie des Menschlichen Gehirn und Ruckenmarks, auf Myelogenetischer Grundlage, Thieme G, editor.
70. Paus T, Collins DL, Evans AC, Leonard G, Pike B, et al. (2001) Maturation of white matter in the human brain: a review of magnetic resonance studies. Brain Res Bull 54: 255-266. (Pubitemid 32273618)
71. Sowell ER, Trauner DA, Gamst A, Jernigan TL (2002) Development of cortical and subcortical brain structures in childhood and adolescence: a structural MRI study. Dev Med Child Neurol 44: 4-16. (Pubitemid 34051455)
72. Felleman DJ, Van Essen DC (1991) Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex 1: 1-47.
73. Fair DA, Schlaggar BL (2008) Brain Development. In: Haith MM, Benson JB, eds (2008) Encyclopedia of Brain Development. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
74. Cowan WM, Fawcett J, O'Leary DDM, Stanfield BB (1984) Regressive events in neurogenesis. Science 225: 1258-1265. (Pubitemid 14026328)
75. Lidow MS, Goldman-Rakic PS, Rakic P (1991) Synchronized overproduction of neurotransmitter receptors in diverse regions of the primate cerebral cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88: 10218-10221. (Pubitemid 21915806)
76. Luna B, Sweeney JA (2004) The emergence of collaborative brain function: FMRI studies of the development of response inhibition. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1021: 296-309. (Pubitemid 38879636)
77. Fuster JM (2003) Cortex and Mind: Unifying Cognition. Oxford University Press.
78. Meunier D, Achard S, Morcom A, Bullmore E (2009) Age-related changes in modular organization of human brain functional networks. Neuroimage 44: 715-723.
79. Fair DA, Brown TT, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL (2006) fMRI reveals novel functional neuroanatomy in a child with perinatal stroke. Neurology 67: 2246-2249. (Pubitemid 46035489)
80. Bunge SA, Wright SB (2007) Neurodevelopmental changes in working memory and cognitive control. Curr Opin Neurobiol 17: 243-250. (Pubitemid 46575238)
81. Johnson MH (2000) Functional brain development in infants: elements of an interactive specialization framework. Child Dev 71: 75-81.
82. Johnson MH (2000) Cortical specialization for higher cognitive functions: beyond the maturational model. Brain Cogn 42: 124-127. (Pubitemid 30193487)
83. Johnson MH, Munakata Y (2005) Processes of change in brain and cognitive development. Trends Cogn Sci 9: 152-158. (Pubitemid 40312045)
84. Cohen AL, Fair DA, Dosenbach NU, Miezin FM, Dierker D, et al. (2008) Defining functional areas in individual human brains using resting functional connectivity MRI. Neuroimage 41: 45-57.
85. Salvador R, Suckling J, Coleman MR, Pickard JD, Menon D, et al. (2005) Neurophysiological architecture of functional magnetic resonance images of human brain. Cereb Cortex 15: 1332-1342. (Pubitemid 41191541)
86. Kang HC, Burgund ED, Lugar HM, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL (2003) Comparison of functional activation foci in children and adults using a common stereotactic space. Neuroimage 19: 16-28. (Pubitemid 36627377)
87. Wenger KK, Visscher KM, Miezin FM, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL (2004) Comparison of sustained and transient activity in children and adults using a mixed blocked/event-related fMRI design. Neuroimage 22: 975-985. (Pubitemid 38759463)
88. D'Esposito M, Deouell LY, Gazzaley A (2003) Alterations in the BOLD fMRI signal with ageing and disease: a challenge for neuroimaging. Nat Rev Neurosci 4: 863-872. (Pubitemid 37351426)
89. Srinivasan R (1999) Spatial structure of the human alpha rhythm: global correlation in adults and local correlation in children. Clin Neurophysiol 110: 1351-1362. (Pubitemid 29333871)
90. Miezin F, Maccotta L, Ollinger J, Petersen S, Buckner R (2000) Characterizing the hemodynamic response: effects of presentation rate, sampling procedure, and the possibility of ordering brain activity based on relative timing. Neuroimage 11: 735-759. (Pubitemid 30437663)
91. Lancaster JL, Glass TG, Lankipalli BR, Downs H, Mayberg H, et al. (1995) A modality-independent approach to spatial normalization of tomographic images of the human brain. Hum Brain Mapp 3: 209-223. (Pubitemid 3036542)
92. Snyder AZ (1996) Difference image vs. ratio image error function forms in PETPET realignment. In: Myer R, Cunningham VJ, Bailey DL, Jones T, eds (1996) Quantification of Brain Function Using PET. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. pp 131-137.
93. Field AP (2001) Meta-analysis of correlation coefficients: a Monte Carlo comparison of fixed- and random-effects methods. Psychol Methods 6: 161-180. (Pubitemid 33604037)
94. Bender-deMoll S, McFarland DA (2006) The art and science of dynamic network visualization. JJ Soc Struct 7: 2.
95. Meila M (2007) Comparing clusterings - an information based distance. J Multivar Anal 98: 873-895.
96. Karrer B, Levina E, Newman ME (2008) Robustness of community structure in networks. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 77: 046119. (Pubitemid 351630967)
97. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y (1995) Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc B 57: 289-300.