The anti inflammatory effects of high density lipoproteins

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 16, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 667-675

  Murphy, A J ^a   Chin Dusting, J P F ^a   Sviridov, D ^a,b   Woollard, Kevin J ^a  

^a BAKER IDI HEART AND DIABETES INSTITUTE   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Adhesion; Adhesion molecules; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; HDL; Inflammation; Leukocytes; Therapeutics

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN A1; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; CHOLESTEROL; CYTOKINE; ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; OXIDIZED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; DISEASE COURSE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; INFECTION; LEUKOCYTE ACTIVATION; LIPID OXIDATION; NONHUMAN; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN DEFECT; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; PROTEIN MODIFICATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN TARGETING; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; REVIEW; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; THROMBOCYTE FUNCTION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; THROMBOSIS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; LIPOPROTEINS, HDL; MICE; RATS;

EID: 65649131233     PISSN: 09298673     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/092986709787458425     Document Type: Review

References (127)

1. Lopez, A. D.; Mathers, C. D.; Ezzati, M.; Jamison, D. T. and Murray, C. J. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet, 2006, 367, 1747-57.
2. Lefkowitz, R. J. and Willerson, J. T. Prospects for cardiovascular research. JAMA, 2001, 285, 581-7.
3. Libby, P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature, 2002, 420, 868-74.
4. Kulkarni, S.; Dopheide, S. M.; Yap, C. L.; Ravanat, C.; Freund, M.; Mangin, P.; Heel, K. A.; Street, A.; Harper, I. S.; Lanza, F. and Jackson, S. P. A revised model of platelet aggregation. J. Clin. Invest., 2000, 105, 783-91.
5. Castelli, W. P.; Garrison, R. J.; Wilson, P. W.; Abbott, R. D.; Kalousdian, S. and Kannel, W. B. Incidence of coronary heart disease and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The Framingham Study. JAMA, 1986, 256, 2835-8.
6. Gordon, T.; Castelli, W. P.; Hjortland, M. C.; Kannel, W. B. and Dawber, T. R. High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Am. J. Med., 1977, 62, 707-14.
7. Murphy, A. J.; Sviridov, D. and Chin-Dusting, J. P. Lipids and the endothelium: An update. Fut. Lipidol., 2006, 1, 517-526.
8. Cheung, M. C. and Albers, J. J. Distribution of high density lipoprotein particles with different apoprotein composition: Particles with A-I and A-II and particles with A-I but no A-II. J. Lipid Res., 1982, 23, 747-53.
9. Catte, A.; Patterson, J. C.; Jones, M. K.; Jerome, W. G.; Bashtovyy, D.; Su, Z.; Gu, F.; Chen, J.; Aliste, M. P.; Harvey, S. C.; Li, L.; Weinstein, G. and Segrest, J. P. Novel changes in discoidal high density lipoprotein morphology: A molecular dynamics study. Biophys. J., 2006, 90, 4345-60.
10. Blanche, P. J.; Gong, E. L.; Forte, T. M. and Nichols, A. V. Characterization of human high-density lipoproteins by gradient gel electrophoresis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1981, 665, 408-19.
11. Perusse, M.; Pascot, A.; Despres, J. P.; Couillard, C. and Lamarche, B. A new method for HDL particle sizing by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis using whole plasma. J. Lipid Res., 2001, 42, 1331-4.
12. Kostner, G. and Alaupovic, P. Studies of the composition and structure of plasma lipoproteins. Separation and quantification of the lipoprotein families occurring in the high density lipoproteins of human plasma. Biochemistry, 1972, 11, 3419-28.
13. Silva, R. A.; Huang, R.; Morris, J.; Fang, J.; Gracheva, E. O.; Ren, G.; Kontush, A.; Jerome, W. G.; Rye, K. A. and Davidson, W. S. Structure of apolipoprotein A-I in spherical high density lipoproteins of different sizes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105, 12176-81.
14. Vaisar, T.; Pennathur, S.; Green, P. S.; Gharib, S. A.; Hoofnagle, A. N.; Cheung, M. C.; Byun, J.; Vuletic, S.; Kassim, S.; Singh, P.; Chea, H.; Knopp, R. H.; Brunzell, J.; Geary, R.; Chait, A.; Zhao, X. Q.; Elkon, K.; Marcovina, S.; Ridker, P.; Oram, J. F. and Heinecke, J. W. Shotgun proteomics implicates protease inhibition and complement activation in the antiinflammatory properties of HDL. J. Clin. Invest., 2007, 117, 746-56.
15. Tall, A. R.; Yvan-Charvet, L.; Terasaka, N.; Pagler, T. and Wang, N. HDL, ABC transporters, and cholesterol efflux: Implications for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Cell Metab., 2008, 7, 365-75.
16. Kontush, A. and Chapman, M. J. Functionally defective high-density lipoprotein: A new therapeutic target at the crossroads of dyslipidemia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Pharmacol. Rev., 2006, 58, 342-74.
17. Drew, B. G.; Fidge, N. H.; Gallon-Beaumier, G.; Kemp, B. E. and Kingwell, B. A. High-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein AI increase endothelial NO synthase activity by protein association and multisite phosphorylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2004, 101, 6999-7004.
18. Navab, M.; Berliner, J. A.; Subbanagounder, G.; Hama, S.; Lusis, A. J.; Castellani, L. W.; Reddy, S.; Shih, D.; Shi, W.; Watson, A. D.; Van Lenten, B. J.; Vora, D. and Fogelman, A. M. HDL and the inflammatory response induced by LDL-derived oxidized phospholipids. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2001, 21, 481-8.
19. Norata, G. D.; Callegari, E.; Marchesi, M.; Chiesa, G.; Eriksson, P. and Catapano, A. L. High-density lipoproteins induce transforming growth factor-beta2 expression in endothelial cells. Circulation, 2005, 111, 2805-11.
20. Yuhanna, I. S.; Zhu, Y.; Cox, B. E.; Hahner, L. D.; Osborne-Lawrence, S.; Lu, P.; Marcel, Y. L.; Anderson, R. G.; Mendelsohn, M. E.; Hobbs, H. H. and Shaul, P. W. High-density lipoprotein binding to scavenger receptor-BI activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Nat. Med., 2001, 7, 853-7.
21. Murphy, A. J.; Woollard, K. J.; Hoang, A.; Mukhamedova, N.; Stirzaker, R. A.; McCormick, S. P.; Remaley, A. T.; Sviridov, D. and Chin-Dusting, J. High-Density Lipoprotein Reduces the Human Monocyte Inflammatory Response. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2008, 28, 2071-7.
22. Cockerill, G. W.; Rye, K. A.; Gamble, J. R.; Vadas, M. A. and Barter, P. J. High-density lipoproteins inhibit cytokine-induced expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1995, 15, 1987-94.
23. Nofer, J. R.; Walter, M.; Kehrel, B.; Wierwille, S.; Tepel, M.; Seedorf, U. and Assmann, G. HDL3-mediated inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding occurs via decreased production of phosphoinositide-derived second messengers 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1998, 18, 861-9.
24. Barlage, S.; Boettcher, D.; Boettcher, A.; Dada, A. and Schmitz, G. High density lipoprotein modulates platelet function. Cytometry A, 2006, 69, 196-9.
25. Navab, M.; Imes, S. S.; Hama, S. Y.; Hough, G. P.; Ross, L. A.; Bork, R. W.; Valente, A. J.; Berliner, J. A.; Drinkwater, D. C.; Laks, H. and Fogelman, A. M. Monocyte transmigration induced by modification of low density lipoprotein in cocultures of human aortic wall cells is due to induction of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 synthesis and is abolished by high density lipoprotein. J. Clin. Invest., 1991, 88, 2039-46.
26. Zhang, W. J.; Stocker, R.; McCall, M. R.; Forte, T. M. and Frei, B. Lack of inhibitory effect of HDL on TNFalpha-induced adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis, 2002, 165, 241-9.
27. Stannard, A. K.; Khan, S.; Graham, A.; Owen, J. S. and Allen, S. P. Inability of plasma high-density lipoproteins to inhibit cell adhesion molecule expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis, 2001, 154, 31-8.
28. Calabresi, L.; Franceschini, G.; Sirtori, C. R.; De Palma, A.; Saresella, M.; Ferrante, P. and Taramelli, D. Inhibition of VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells by reconstituted high density lipoproteins. Biochem. Biaphys. Res. Commun., 1997, 238, 61-5.
29. Kimura, T.; Tomura, H.; Mogi, C.; Kuwabara, A.; Damirin, A.; Ishizuka, T.; Sekiguchi, A.; Ishiwara, M.; Im, D. S.; Sato, K.; Murakami, M. and Okajima, F. Role of scavenger receptor class B type I and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in high density lipoprotein-induced inhibition of adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2006, 281, 37457-67.
30. Nofer, J. R.; Geigenmuller, S.; Gopfert, C.; Assmann, G.; Buddecke, E. and Schmidt, A. High density lipoprotein-associated lysosphingolipids reduce E-selectin expression in human endothelial cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2003, 310, 98-103.
31. Cockerill, G. W.; Huehns, T. Y.; Weerasinghe, A.; Stocker, C.; Lerch, P. G.; Miller, N. E. and Haskard, D. O. Elevation of plasma high-density lipoprotein concentration reduces interleukin-1-induced expression of E-selectin in an in vivo model of acute inflammation. Circulation, 2001, 103, 108-12.
32. Nicholls, S. J.; Dusting, G. J.; Cutri, B.; Bao, S.; Drummond, G. R.; Rye, K. A. and Barter, P. J. Reconstituted high-density lipoproteins inhibit the acute pro-oxidant and proinflammatory vascular changes induced by a periarterial collar in normocholesterolemic rabbits. Circulation, 2005, 111, 1543-50.
33. Shaw, J. A.; Bobik, A.; Murphy, A.; Kanellakis, P.; Blombery, P.; Mukhamedova, N.; Woollard, K.; Lyon, S.; Sviridov, D. and Dart, A. M. Infusion of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein leads to acute changes in human atherosclerotic plaque. Circ. Res., 2008, 103, 1084-91.
34. Kimura, T.; Tomura, H.; Mogi, C.; Kuwabara, A.; Ishiwara, M.; Shibasawa, K.; Sato, K.; Ohwada, S.; Im, D. S.; Kurose, H.; Ishizuka, T.; Murakami, M. and Okajima, F. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors mediate stimulatory and inhibitory signalings for expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. Cell Signal., 2006, 18, 841-50.
35. Wadham, C.; Albanese, N.; Roberts, J.; Wang, L.; Bagley, C. J.; Gamble, J. R.; Rye, K.-A.; Barter, P. J.; Vadas, M. A. and Xia, P. High-density lipoproteins neutralize C-reactive protein proinflammatory activity. Circulation, 2004, 109, 2116-2122.
36. Cockerill, G. W.; Saklatvala, J.; Ridley, S. H.; Yarwood, H.; Miller, N. E.; Oral, B.; Nithyanathan, S.; Taylor, G. and Haskard, D. O. High-density lipoproteins differentially modulate cytokine-induced expression of E-selectin and cyclooxygenase-2. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1999, 19, 910-7.
37. Collins, T.; Read, M. A.; Neish, A. S.; Whitley, M. Z.; Thanos, D. and Maniatis, T. Transcriptional regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules: NF-kappa B and cytokine-inducible enhancers. FASEB J., 1995, 9, 899-909.
38. Park, S. H.; Park, J. H.; Kang, J. S. and Kang, Y. H. Involvement of transcription factors in plasma HDL protection against TNF-alpha-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 2003, 35, 168-82.
39. Robbesyn, F.; Garcia, V.; Auge, N.; Vieira, O.; Frisach, M. F.; Salvayre, R. and Negre-Salvayre, A. HDL counterbalance the proinflammatory effect of oxidized LDL by inhibiting intracellular reactive oxygen species rise, proteasome activation, and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 2003, 17, 743-5.
40. Schmidt, A.; Geigenmuller, S.; Volker, W. and Buddecke, E. The antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory effect of HDL-associated lysosphingolipids operates via Akt - ->NF-kappaB signalling pathways in human vascular endothelial cells. Basic Res. Cardiol., 2006, 101, 109-16.
41. Nofer, J. R.; van der Giet, M.; Tolle, M.; Wolinska, I.; von Wnuck Lipinski, K.; Baba, H. A.; Tietge, U. J.; Godecke, A.; Ishii, I.; Kleuser, B.; Schafers, M.; Fobker, M.; Zidek, W.; Assmann, G.; Chun, J. and Levkau, B. HDL induces NO-dependent vasorelaxation via the lysophospholipid receptor S1P3. J. Clin. Invest., 2004, 113, 569-81.
42. Terasaka, N.; Yu, S.; Yvan-Charvet, L.; Wang, N.; Mzhavia, N.; Langlois, R.; Pagler, T.; Li, R.; Welch, C. L.; Goldberg, I. J. and Tall, A. R. ABCG1 and HDL protect against endothelial dysfunction in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. J. Clin. Invest., 2008, 118, 3701-13.
43. Valenta, D. T.; Bulgrien, J. J.; Banka, C. L. and Curtiss, L. K. Overexpression of human ApoAI transgene provides long-term atheroprotection in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Atherosclerosis, 2006, 189, 255-63.
44. Puranik, R.; Bao, S.; Nobecourt, E.; Nicholls, S. J.; Dusting, G. J.; Barter, P. J.; Celermajer, D. S. and Rye, K. A. Low dose apolipoprotein A-I rescues carotid arteries from inflammation in vivo. Atherosclerosis, 2008, 196, 240-7.
45. Seetharam, D.; Mineo, C.; Gormley, A. K.; Gibson, L. L.; Vongpatanasin, W.; Chambliss, K. L.; Hahner, L. D.; Cummings, M. L.; Kitchens, R. L.; Marcel, Y. L.; Rader, D. J. and Shaul, P. W. High-density lipoprotein promotes endothelial cell migration and reendothelialization via scavenger receptor-B type I. Circ. Res., 2006, 98, 63-72.
46. Tso, C.; Martinic, G.; Fan, W. H.; Rogers, C.; Rye, K. A. and Barter, P. J. High-density lipoproteins enhance progenitor-mediated endothelium repair in mice. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2006, 26, 1144-9.
47. Feng, Y.; Jacobs, F.; Van Craeyveld, E.; Brunaud, C.; Snoeys, J.; Tjwa, M.; Van Linthout, S. and De Geest, B. Human ApoA-I Transfer Attenuates Transplant Arteriosclerosis via Enhanced Incorporation of Bone marrow derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2007, 28, 278-83.
48. Noor, R.; Shuaib, U.; Wang, C. X.; Todd, K.; Ghani, U.; Schwindt, B. and Shuaib, A. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol regulates endothelial progenitor cells by increasing eNOS and preventing apoptosis. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 192, 92-9.
49. Korporaal, S. J. and Akkerman, J. W. Platelet activation by low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein. Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb., 2006, 35, 270-80.
50. Schmitz, G. and Schambeck, C. M. Molecular defects in the ABCA1 pathway affect platelet function. Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb., 2006, 35, 166-74.
51. Ozsavci, D.; Yardimci, T.; Demirel, G. Y.; Uras, F.; Hekim, N. and Ulutin, O. N. Apo A-I binding to platelets detected by flow cytometry. Thromb. Res., 2001, 103, 117-22.
52. Valiyaveettil, M.; Kar, N.; Ashraf, M. Z.; Byzova, T. V.; Febbraio, M. and Podrez, E. A. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein inhibits platelet activation and aggregation via scavenger receptor BI. Blood, 2008, 111, 1962-71.
53. Imachi, H.; Murao, K.; Cao, W.; Tada, S.; Taminato, T.; Wong, N. C.; Takahara, J. and Ishida, T. Expression of human scavenger receptor B1 on and in human platelets. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2003, 23, 898-904.
54. Li, D.; Weng, S.; Yang, B.; Zander, D. S.; Saldeen, T.; Nichols, W. W.; Khan, S. and Mehta, J. L. Inhibition of arterial thrombus formation by ApoA1 Milano. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1999, 19, 378-83.
55. Mineo, C.; Deguchi, H.; Griffin, J. H. and Shaul, P. W. Endothelial and antithrombotic actions of HDL. Circ. Res., 2006, 98, 1352-64.
56. Dole, V. S.; Matuskova, J.; Vasile, E.; Yesilaltay, A.; Bergmeier, W.; Bernimoulin, M.; Wagner, D. D. and Krieger, M. Thrombocytopenia and platelet abnormalities in high-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2008, 28, 1111-6.
57. Shao, B.; Oda, M. N.; Bergt, C.; Fu, X.; Green, P. S.; Brot, N.; Oram, J. F. and Heinecke, J. W. Myeloperoxidase impairs ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux through methionine oxidation and site-specific tyrosine chlorination of apolipoprotein A-I. J. Biol. Chem., 2006, 281, 9001-4.
58. Maziere, J. C.; Myara, I.; Salmon, S.; Auclair, M.; Haigle, J.; Santus, R. and Maziere, C. Copper- and malondialdehyde-induced modification of high density lipoprotein and parallel loss of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activation. Atherosclerosis, 1993, 104, 213-9.
59. Galis, Z. S.; Sukhova, G. K.; Lark, M. W. and Libby, P. Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and matrix degrading activity in vulnerable regions of human atherosclerotic plaques. J. Clin. Invest., 1994, 94, 2493-503.
60. Brown, D. L.; Hibbs, M. S.; Kearney, M.; Loushin, C. and Isner, J. M. Identification of 92-kD gelatinase in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Association of active enzyme synthesis with unstable angina. Circulation, 1995, 91, 2125-31.
61. Diamond, M. S.; Staunton, D. E.; de Fougerolles, A. R.; Stacker, S. A.; Garcia-Aguilar, J.; Hibbs, M. L. and Springer, T. A. ICAM-1 (CD54): A counter-receptor for Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). J. Cell Biol. 1990, 111, 3129-39.
62. Diamond, M. S.; Staunton, D. E.; Marlin, S. D. and Springer, T. A. Binding of the integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) to the third immunoglobulin-like domain of ICAM-1 (CD54) and its regulation by glycosylation. Cell, 1991. 65, 961-71.
63. Springer, T. A. Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: The multistep paradigm. Cell, 1994. 76, 301-14.
64. Burger, D. Cell contact-mediated signaling of monocytes by stimulated T cells: A major pathway for cytokine induction. Eur. Cytokine. Netw., 2000, 11, 346-53.
65. Hyka, N.; Dayer, J. M.; Modoux, C.; Kohno, T.; Edwards, C. K., 3rd; Roux-Lombard, P. and Burger, D. Apolipoprotein A-I inhibits the production of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by blocking contact-mediated activation of monocytes by T lymphocytes. Blood, 2001, 97, 2381-9.
66. Cettour-Rose, P.; Nguyen, T. X.; Serrander, L.; Kaufmann, M. T.; Dayer, J. M.; Burger, D. and Roux-Lombard, P. T cell contact-mediated activation of respiratory burst in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes is inhibited by high-density lipoproteins and involves CD18. J. Leukoc. Biol., 2005, 77, 52-8.
67. Scanu, A.; Molnarfi, N.; Brandt, K. J.; Gruaz, L.; Dayer, J. M. and Burger, D. Stimulated T cells generate microparticles, which mimic cellular contact activation of human monocytes: Differential regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production by high-density lipoproteins. J. Leukoc. Biol., 2008, 83, 921-7.
68. Ma, J.; Liao, X. L.; Lou, B. and Wu, M. P. Role of apolipoprotein A-I in protecting against endotoxin toxicity. Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai), 2004, 36, 419-24.
69. Henning, M. F.; Garda, H. A. and Bakas, L. Biophysical characterization of interaction between apolipoprotein A-I and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Cell Biochem. Biophys., 2006, 44, 490-6.
70. Pajkrt, D.; Doran, J. E.; Koster, F.; Lerch, P. G.; Arnet, B.; van der Poll, T.; ten Cate, J. W. and van Deventer, S. J. Antiinflammatory effects of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein during human endotoxemia. J. Exp. Med., 1996, 184, 1601-8.
71. Brandenburg, K.; Jurgens, G.; Andra, J.; Lindner, B.; Koch, M. H.; Blume, A. and Garidel, P. Biophysical characterization of the interaction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) with endotoxins. Eur. J. Biochem., 2002, 269, 5972-81.
72. van Leeuwen, H. J.; van Beek, A. P.; Dallinga-Thie, G. M.; van Strijp, J. A.; Verhoef, J. and van Kessel, K. P. The role of high density lipoprotein in sepsis. Neth. J. Med., 2001, 59, 102-10.
73. Levine, D. M.; Parker, T. S.; Donnelly, T. M.; Walsh, A. and Rubin, A. L. In vivo protection against endotoxin by plasma high density lipoprotein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1993, 90, 12040-4.
74. Thompson, P. A. and Kitchens, R. L. Native high-density lipoprotein augments monocyte responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by suppressing the inhibitory activity of LPS-binding protein. J. Immunol., 2006, 177, 4880-7.
75. Thaveeratitham, P.; Plengpanich, W.; Naen-Udorn, W.; Patumraj, S. and Khovidhunkit, W. Effects of human apolipoprotein A-I on endotoxin-induced leukocyte adhesion on endothelial cells in vivo and on the growth of Escherichia coli in vitro. J. Endotoxin Res., 2007, 13, 58-64.
76. Thaveeratitham, P.; Khovidhunkit, W. and Patumraj, S. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) inhibit endotoxin-induced leukocyte adhesion on endothelial cells in rats: Effect of the acute-phase HDL. Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc., 2007, 36, 1-12.
77. Birjmohun, R. S.; van Leuven, S. I.; Levels, J. H.; van 't Veer, C.; Kuivenhoven, J. A.; Meijers, J. C.; Levi, M.; Kastelein, J. J.; van der Poll, T. and Stroes, E. S. High-density lipoprotein attenuates inflammation and coagulation response on endotoxin challenge in humans. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2007, 27, 1153-8.
78. Liao, X. L.; Lou, B.; Ma, J. and Wu, M. P. Neutrophils activation can be diminished by apolipoprotein A-I. Life Sci., 2005, 77, 325-35.
79. Blackburn, W. D., Jr.; Dohlman, J. G.; Venkatachalapathi, Y. V.; Pillion, D. J.; Koopman, W. J.; Segrest, J. P. and Anantharamaiah, G. M. Apolipoprotein A-I decreases neutrophil degranulation and superoxide production. J. Lipid Res., 1991, 32, 1911-8.
80. Kopprasch, S.; Pietzsch, J. and Graessler, J. The protective effects of HDL and its constituents against neutrophil respiratory burst activation by hypochlorite-oxidized LDL. Mol. Cell Biochem., 2004, 258, 121-7.
81. Moudry, R.; Spycher, M. O. and Doran, J. E. Reconstituted high density lipoprotein modulates adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to human endothelial cells. Shock, 1997, 7, 175-81.
82. Jurek, A.; Turyna, B.; Kubit, P. and Klein, A. The ability of HDL to inhibit VCAM-1 expression and oxidized LDL uptake is impaired in renal patients. Clin. Biochem., 2008, 41, 1015-8.
83. Auffray, C.; Fogg, D.; Garfa, M.; Elain, G.; Join-Lambert, O.; Kayal, S.; Sarnacki, S.; Cumano, A.; Lauvau, G. and Geissmann, F. Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior. Science, 2007, 317, 666-70.
84. Geissmann, F.; Auffray, C.; Palframan, R.; Wirrig, C.; Ciocca, A.; Campisi, L.; Narni-Mancinelli, E. and Lauvau, G. Blood monocytes: distinct subsets, how they relate to dendritic cells, and their possible roles in the regulation of T-cell responses. Immunol. Cell. Biol., 2008, 86, 398-408.
85. Gelissen, I. C.; Harris, M.; Rye, K. A.; Quinn, C.; Brown, A. J.; Kockx, M.; Cartland, S.; Packianathan, M.; Kritharides, L. and Jessup, W. ABCA1 and ABCG1 synergize to mediate cholesterol export to apoA-I. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2006, 26, 534-40.
86. Zhu, X.; Lee, J. Y.; Timmins, J. M.; Brown, J. M.; Boudyguina, E.; Mulya, A.; Gebre, A. K.; Willingham, M. C.; Hiltbold, E. M.; Mishra, N.; Maeda, N. and Parks, J. S. Increased Cellular Free Cholesterol in Macrophage-specific Abca1 Knock-out Mice Enhances Pro-inflammatory Response of Macrophages. J. Biol. Chem., 2008, 283, 22930-41.
87. Yvan-Charvet, L.; Welch, C.; Pagler, T. A.; Ranalletta, M.; Lamkanfi, M.; Han, S.; Ishibashi, M.; Li, R.; Wang, N. and Tall, A. R. Increased inflammatory gene expression in ABC transporterdeficient macrophages: free cholesterol accumulation, increased signaling via toll-like receptors, and neutrophil infiltration of atherosclerotic lesions. Circulation, 2008, 118, 1837-47.
88. Terasaka, N.; Wang, N.; Yvan-Charvet, L. and Tall, A. R. Highdensity lipoprotein protects macrophages from oxidized lowdensity lipoprotein-induced apoptosis by promoting efflux of 7-ketocholesterol via ABCG1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2007, 104, 15093-8.
89. Diederich, W.; Orso, E.; Drobnik, W. and Schmitz, G. Apolipoprotein AI and HDL(3) inhibit spreading of primary human monocytes through a mechanism that involves cholesterol depletion and regulation of CDC42. Atherosclerosis, 2001, 159, 313-24.
90. Nofer, J. R.; Feuerborn, R.; Levkau, B.; Sokoll, A.; Seedorf, U. and Assmann, G. Involvement of Cdc42 signaling in apoA-I-induced cholesterol efflux. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 53055-62.
91. Zigmond, S. H.; Joyce, M.; Yang, C.; Brown, K.; Huang, M. and Pring, M. Mechanism of Cdc42-induced actin polymerization in neutrophil extracts. J. Cell. Biol., 1998, 142, 1001-12.
92. Ikeda, W.; Nakanishi, H.; Tanaka, Y.; Tachibana, K. and Takai, Y. Cooperation of Cdc42 small G protein-activating and actin filament- binding activities of frabin in microspike formation. Oncogene, 2001, 20, 3457-63.
93. Gaus, K.; Kritharides, L.; Schmitz, G.; Boettcher, A.; Drobnik, W.; Langmann, T.; Quinn, C. M.; Death, A.; Dean, R. T. and Jessup, W. Apolipoprotein A-1 interaction with plasma membrane lipid rafts controls cholesterol export from macrophages. FASEB J., 2004, 18, 574-6.
94. Hoang, A.; Murphy, A. J.; Coughlan, M. T.; Thomas, M. C.; Forbes, J. M.; O'Brien, R.; Cooper, M. E.; Chin-Dusting, J. P. and Sviridov, D. Advanced glycation of apolipoprotein A-I impairs its anti-atherogenic properties. Diabetologia, 2007, 50, 1770-9.
95. Ferretti, G.; Bacchetti, T.; Marchionni, C.; Caldarelli, L. and Curatola, G. Effect of glycation of high density lipoproteins on their physicochemical properties and on paraoxonase activity. Acta Diabetol., 2001, 38, 163-9.
96. Ferretti, G.; Bacchetti, T.; Negre-Salvayre, A.; Salvayre, R.; Dousset, N. and Curatola, G. Structural modifications of HDL and functional consequences. Atherosclerosis, 2006, 184, 1-7.
97. Van Lenten, B. J.; Hama, S. Y.; de Beer, F. C.; Stafforini, D. M.; McIntyre, T. M.; Prescott, S. M.; La Du, B. N.; Fogelman, A. M. and Navab, M. Anti-inflammatory HDL becomes pro-inflammatory during the acute phase response. Loss of protective effect of HDL against LDL oxidation in aortic wall cell cocultures. J. Clin. Invest., 1995, 96, 2758-67.
98. Ansell, B. J.; Watson, K. E.; Fogelman, A. M.; Navab, M. and Fonarow, G. C. High-density lipoprotein function recent advances. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2005, 46, 1792-8.
99. McMahon, M.; Grossman, J.; FitzGerald, J.; Dahlin-Lee, E.; Wallace, D. J.; Thong, B. Y.; Badsha, H.; Kalunian, K.; Charles, C.; Navab, M.; Fogelman, A. M. and Hahn, B. H. Proinflammatory high-density lipoprotein as a biomarker for atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis. Rheum., 2006, 54, 2541-9.
100. Watanabe, J.; Chou, K. J.; Liao, J. C.; Miao, Y.; Meng, H. H.; Ge, H.; Grijalva, V.; Hama, S.; Kozak, K.; Buga, G.; Whitelegge, J. P.; Lee, T. D.; Farias-Eisner, R.; Navab, M.; Fogelman, A. M. and Reddy, S. T. Differential association of hemoglobin with proinflammatory high density lipoproteins in atherogenic/hyperlipidemic mice. A novel biomarker of atherosclerosis. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, 282, 23698-707.
101. Van Lenten, B. J.; Wagner, A. C.; Nayak, D. P.; Hama, S.; Navab, M. and Fogelman, A. M. High-density lipoprotein loses its anti-inflammatory properties during acute influenza a infection. Circulation, 2001, 103, 2283-8.
102. Ansell, B. J.; Navab, M.; Hama, S.; Kamranpour, N.; Fonarow, G.; Hough, G.; Rahmani, S.; Mottahedeh, R.; Dave, R.; Reddy, S. T. and Fogelman, A. M. Inflammatory/antiinflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein distinguish patients from control subjects better than high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and are favorably affected by simvastatin treatment. Circulation, 2003, 108, 2751-6.
103. Yan, D.; Navab, M.; Bruce, C.; Fogelman, A. M. and Jiang, X. C. PLTP deficiency improves the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL and reduces the ability of LDL to induce monocyte chemotactic activity. J. Lipid Res., 2004, 45, 1852-8.
104. Peng, D. Q.; Wu, Z.; Brubaker, G.; Zheng, L.; Settle, M.; Gross, E.; Kinter, M.; Hazen, S. L. and Smith, J. D. Tyrosine modification is not required for myeloperoxidase-induced loss of apolipoprotein AI functional activities. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, 280, 33775-84.
105. Zheng, L.; Settle, M.; Brubaker, G.; Schmitt, D.; Hazen, S. L.; Smith, J. D. and Kinter, M. Localization of nitration and chlorination sites on apolipoprotein A-I catalyzed by myeloperoxidase in human atheroma and associated oxidative impairment in ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux from macrophages. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, 280, 38-47.
106. Shao, B.; Cavigiolio, G.; Brot, N.; Oda, M. N. and Heinecke, J. W. Methionine oxidation impairs reverse cholesterol transport by apolipoprotein A-I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105, 12224-9.
107. McCall, M. R.; Tang, J. Y.; Bielicki, J. K. and Forte, T. M. Inhibition of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and modification of HDL apolipoproteins by aldehydes. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1995, 15, 1599-606.
108. McCall, M. R.; van den Berg, J. J.; Kuypers, F. A.; Tribble, D. L.; Krauss, R. M.; Knoff, L. J. and Forte, T. M. Modification of LCAT activity and HDL structure. New links between cigarette smoke and coronary heart disease risk. Arterioscler. Thromb., 1994, 14, 248-53.
109. Jaouad, L.; Milochevitch, C. and Khalil, A. PON1 paraoxonase activity is reduced during HDL oxidation and is an indicator of HDL antioxidant capacity. Free Radic. Res., 2003, 37, 77-83.
110. Ferretti, G.; Bacchetti, T.; Busni, D.; Rabini, R. A. and Curatola, G. Protective effect of paraoxonase activity in high-density lipoproteins against erythrocyte membranes peroxidation: A comparison between healthy subjects and type 1 diabetic patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2004, 89, 2957-62.
111. Girona, J.; La Ville, A. E.; Heras, M.; Olive, S. and Masana, L. Oxidized lipoproteins including HDL and their lipid peroxidation products inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by THP-1 human macrophages. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 1997, 23, 658-67.
112. Lapolla, A.; Brioschi, M.; Banfi, C.; Tremoli, E.; Cosma, C.; Bonfante, L.; Cristoni, S.; Seraglia, R. and Traldi, P. Nonenzymatically glycated lipoprotein Apo-AI in plasma of diabetic and nephropathic patients. Ann. N Y Acad. Sci., 2007, 1126, 295-9.
113. Tames, F. J.; Mackness, M. I.; Arrol, S.; Laing, I. and Durrington, P. N. Non-enzymatic glycation of apolipoprotein B in the sera of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Atherosclerosis, 1992, 93, 237-44.
114. Duell, P. B.; Oram, J. F. and Bierman, E. L. Nonenzymatic glycosylation of HDL resulting in inhibition of high-affinity binding to cultured human fibroblasts. Diabetes, 1990, 39, 1257-63.
115. Duell, P. B.; Oram, J. F. and Bierman, E. L. Nonenzymatic glycosylation of HDL and impaired HDL-receptor-mediated cholesterol efflux. Diabetes, 1991, 40, 377-84.
116. Hedrick, C. C.; Thorpe, S. R.; Fu, M. X.; Harper, C. M.; Yoo, J.; Kim, S. M.; Wong, H. and Peters, A. L. Glycation impairs highdensity lipoprotein function. Diabetologia, 2000, 43, 312-20.
117. Lemkadem, B.; Loiseau, D.; Larcher, G.; Malthiery, Y. and Foussard, F. Effect of the nonenzymatic glycosylation of high density lipoprotein-3 on the cholesterol ester transfer protein activity. Lipids, 1999, 34, 1281-6.
118. Zhou, H.; Tan, K. C.; Shiu, S. W. and Wong, Y. Increased Serum Advanced Glycation End Products is Associated with Impairment in Hdl Antioxidative Capacity in Diabetic Nephropathy. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., 2007, 23, 927-33.
119. Persegol, L.; Foissac, M.; Lagrost, L.; Athias, A.; Gambert, P.; Verges, B. and Duvillard, L. HDL particles from type 1 diabetic patients are unable to reverse the inhibitory effect of oxidised LDL on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Diabetologia, 2007, 50, 2384-7.
120. Isoda, K.; Folco, E. J.; Shimizu, K. and Libby, P. AGE-BSA decreases ABCG1 expression and reduces macrophage cholesterol efflux to HDL. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 192, 298-304.
121. Barter, P. J.; Caulfield, M.; Eriksson, M.; Grundy, S. M.; Kastelein, J. J.; Komajda, M.; Lopez-Sendon, J.; Mosca, L.; Tardif, J. C.; Waters, D. D.; Shear, C. L.; Revkin, J. H.; Buhr, K. A.; Fisher, M. R.; Tall, A. R. and Brewer, B. Effects of torcetrapib in patients at high risk for coronary events. N. Engl. J. Med., 2007, 357, 2109-22.
122. Tall, A. R.; Yvan-Charvet, L. and Wang, N. The failure of torcetrapib: was it the molecule or the mechanism?Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2007, 27, 257-60.
123. Tardif, J. C.; Gregoire, J.; L'Allier, P. L.; Ibrahim, R.; Lesperance, J.; Heinonen, T. M.; Kouz, S.; Berry, C.; Basser, R.; Lavoie, M. A.; Guertin, M. C. and Rodes-Cabau, J. Effects of reconstituted highdensity lipoprotein infusions on coronary atherosclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2007, 297, 1675-82.
124. Nicholls, S. J.; Tuzcu, E. M.; Sipahi, I.; Schoenhagen, P.; Crowe, T.; Kapadia, S. and Nissen, S. E. Relationship between atheroma regression and change in lumen size after infusion of apolipoprotein A-I Milano. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2006, 47, 992-7.
125. Nissen, S. E.; Tsunoda, T.; Tuzcu, E. M.; Schoenhagen, P.; Cooper, C. J.; Yasin, M.; Eaton, G. M.; Lauer, M. A.; Sheldon, W. S.; Grines, C. L.; Halpern, S.; Crowe, T.; Blankenship, J. C. and Kerensky, R. Effect of recombinant ApoA-I Milano on coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2003, 290, 2292-300.
126. van Oostrom, O.; Nieuwdorp, M.; Westerweel, P. E.; Hoefer, I. E.; Basser, R.; Stroes, E. S. and Verhaar, M. C. Reconstituted HDL increases circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with type 2 diabetes. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2007, 27, 1864-5.
127. Bloedon, L.; Dunbar, R.; Duffy, D.; Pinell-Salles, P.; Norris, R.; Degroot, B. J.; Movva, R.; Navab, M.; Fogelman, A. M. and Rader, D. J. Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of oral apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide D-4F in high-risk cardiovascular patients. J. Lipid Res., 2008, 49, 1344-52.