메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 2-15

Epigenetics and the embodiment of race: Developmental origins of US racial disparities in cardiovascular health

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN AMERICAN; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DIABETES MELLITUS; EARLY LIFE STRESS; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPIGENETICS; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MATERNAL STRESS; PERINATAL CARE; PHENOTYPE; PREMATURITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE DIFFERENCE; RACISM; SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL; UNITED STATES;

EID: 59549095785     PISSN: 10420533     EISSN: 15206300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20822     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (488)

References (238)
  • 2
    • 16844375238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential effect of foreign-born status on low birth weight by race/ethnicity and education
    • Acevedo-Garcia D, Soobader MJ, Berkman LF. 2005. The differential effect of foreign-born status on low birth weight by race/ethnicity and education. Pediatrics 115:e20-e30.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.115
    • Acevedo-Garcia, D.1    Soobader, M.J.2    Berkman, L.F.3
  • 3
    • 23944518376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental determinants of blood pressure in adults
    • Adair L, Dahly D. 2005. Developmental determinants of blood pressure in adults. Annu Rev Nutr 25:407-434.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.25 , pp. 407-434
    • Adair, L.1    Dahly, D.2
  • 4
    • 0037341663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid child growth raises blood pressure in adolescent boys who were thin at birth
    • Adair LS, Cole TJ. 2003. Rapid child growth raises blood pressure in adolescent boys who were thin at birth. Hypertension 41:451-456.
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.41 , pp. 451-456
    • Adair, L.S.1    Cole, T.J.2
  • 5
    • 0035964389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal energy stores and diet composition during pregnancy program adolescent blood pressure
    • Adair LS, Kuzawa CW, Borja J. 2001. Maternal energy stores and diet composition during pregnancy program adolescent blood pressure. Circulation 104:1034-1039.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 1034-1039
    • Adair, L.S.1    Kuzawa, C.W.2    Borja, J.3
  • 6
    • 0346726170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical evaluation of the fetal origins hypothesis and its implications for developing countries
    • Adair LS, Prentice AM. 2004. A critical evaluation of the fetal origins hypothesis and its implications for developing countries. J Nutr 134:191-193.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 191-193
    • Adair, L.S.1    Prentice, A.M.2
  • 7
    • 1642270719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult attachment, parent emotion, and observed parenting behavior: Mediator and moderator models
    • Adam EK, Gunnar MR, Tanaka A. 2004. Adult attachment, parent emotion, and observed parenting behavior: mediator and moderator models. Child Dev 75:110-122.
    • (2004) Child Dev , vol.75 , pp. 110-122
    • Adam, E.K.1    Gunnar, M.R.2    Tanaka, A.3
  • 9
    • 0032949024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in birthweight for gestational age and infant mortality in extremely-low-risk US populations
    • Alexander GR, Kogan MD, Himes JH, Mor JM, Goldenberg R. 1999. Racial differences in birthweight for gestational age and infant mortality in extremely-low-risk US populations. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 13:205-217.
    • (1999) Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol , vol.13 , pp. 205-217
    • Alexander, G.R.1    Kogan, M.D.2    Himes, J.H.3    Mor, J.M.4    Goldenberg, R.5
  • 10
    • 12944261920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy on small for gestational age and stillbirth: A population based study
    • Allen VM, Joseph K, Murphy KE, Magee LA, Ohlsson A. 2004. The effect of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy on small for gestational age and stillbirth: a population based study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 4:17.
    • (2004) BMC Pregnancy Childbirth , vol.4 , pp. 17
    • Allen, V.M.1    Joseph, K.2    Murphy, K.E.3    Magee, L.A.4    Ohlsson, A.5
  • 11
    • 33947516894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geography and genography: Prediction of continental origin using randomly selected single nucleotide polymorphisms
    • Allocco DJ, Song Q, Gibbons GH, Ramoni MF, Kohane IS. 2007. Geography and genography: prediction of continental origin using randomly selected single nucleotide polymorphisms. BMC Genomics 8:68.
    • (2007) BMC Genomics , vol.8 , pp. 68
    • Allocco, D.J.1    Song, Q.2    Gibbons, G.H.3    Ramoni, M.F.4    Kohane, I.S.5
  • 12
    • 0029016787 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy on birthweight, gestational duration, and small-for-gestational-age births
    • Ananth CV, Peedicayil A, Savitz DA. 1995. Effect of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy on birthweight, gestational duration, and small-for-gestational-age births. Epidemiology 6:391-395.
    • (1995) Epidemiology , vol.6 , pp. 391-395
    • Ananth, C.V.1    Peedicayil, A.2    Savitz, D.A.3
  • 13
    • 20344385787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic transgenerational actions of endocrine disruptors and male fertility
    • Anway MD, Cupp AS, Uzumcu M, Skinner MK. 2005. Epigenetic transgenerational actions of endocrine disruptors and male fertility. Science 308:1466-1469.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1466-1469
    • Anway, M.D.1    Cupp, A.S.2    Uzumcu, M.3    Skinner, M.K.4
  • 18
    • 0022621648 scopus 로고
    • Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales
    • Barker DJ, Osmond C. 1986. Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales. Lancet 1:1077-1081.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1077-1081
    • Barker, D.J.1    Osmond, C.2
  • 19
    • 0024542325 scopus 로고
    • Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease
    • Barker DJ, Osmond C, Golding J, Kuh D, Wadsworth ME. 1989. Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. BMJ 298:564-567.
    • (1989) BMJ , vol.298 , pp. 564-567
    • Barker, D.J.1    Osmond, C.2    Golding, J.3    Kuh, D.4    Wadsworth, M.E.5
  • 20
    • 0035158186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal experience and good adult design
    • Bateson P. 2001. Fetal experience and good adult design. Int J Epidemiol 30:928-934.
    • (2001) Int J Epidemiol , vol.30 , pp. 928-934
    • Bateson, P.1
  • 21
    • 34547625546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epigenomic era opens
    • Baylin S, Schuebel K. 2007. The epigenomic era opens. Nature 448:548-549.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.448 , pp. 548-549
    • Baylin, S.1    Schuebel, K.2
  • 22
    • 33750491631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: A multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation
    • Bell JF, Zimmerman FJ, Almgren GR, Mayer JD, Huebner CE. 2006. Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: a multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation. Soc Sci Med 63:3030-3045.
    • (2006) Soc Sci Med , vol.63 , pp. 3030-3045
    • Bell, J.F.1    Zimmerman, F.J.2    Almgren, G.R.3    Mayer, J.D.4    Huebner, C.E.5
  • 23
    • 0036100830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A life course approach to chronic disease epidemiology: Conceptual models, empirical challenges and interdisciplinary perspectives
    • Ben-Shlomo Y, Kuh D. 2002. A life course approach to chronic disease epidemiology: conceptual models, empirical challenges and interdisciplinary perspectives. Int J Epidemiol 31:285-293.
    • (2002) Int J Epidemiol , vol.31 , pp. 285-293
    • Ben-Shlomo, Y.1    Kuh, D.2
  • 24
    • 0035755722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reconsideration of the origins of the type 2 diabetes epidemic among Native Americans and the implications for intervention policy
    • Benyshek DC, Martin JF, Johnston CS. 2001. A reconsideration of the origins of the type 2 diabetes epidemic among Native Americans and the implications for intervention policy. Med Anthropol 20:25-64.
    • (2001) Med Anthropol , vol.20 , pp. 25-64
    • Benyshek, D.C.1    Martin, J.F.2    Johnston, C.S.3
  • 25
    • 34249299791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complex language of chromatin regulation during transcription
    • Berger SL. 2007. The complex language of chromatin regulation during transcription. Nature 447:407-412.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 407-412
    • Berger, S.L.1
  • 26
    • 0033065252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructing the life course: Health during early old age in a follow-up study based on the Boyd Orr Cohort
    • Blane D, Berney L, Smith GD, Gunnell DJ, Holland P. 1999. Reconstructing the life course: health during early old age in a follow-up study based on the Boyd Orr Cohort. Public Health 113:117-124.
    • (1999) Public Health , vol.113 , pp. 117-124
    • Blane, D.1    Berney, L.2    Smith, G.D.3    Gunnell, D.J.4    Holland, P.5
  • 27
    • 0034045240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low birthweight and metabolic abnormalities in twins with increased susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Bo S, Cavallo-Perin P, Scaglione L, Ciccone G, Pagano G. 2000. Low birthweight and metabolic abnormalities in twins with increased susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 17:365-370.
    • (2000) Diabet Med , vol.17 , pp. 365-370
    • Bo, S.1    Cavallo-Perin, P.2    Scaglione, L.3    Ciccone, G.4    Pagano, G.5
  • 28
    • 0001362944 scopus 로고
    • Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants
    • Boas F. 1912. Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants. Am Anthropol 14:530-562.
    • (1912) Am Anthropol , vol.14 , pp. 530-562
    • Boas, F.1
  • 29
    • 33947517327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic modification of the renin-angiotensin system in the fetal programming of hypertension
    • Bogdarina I, Welham S, King PJ, Burns SP, Clark AJ. 2007. Epigenetic modification of the renin-angiotensin system in the fetal programming of hypertension. Circ Res 100:520-526.
    • (2007) Circ Res , vol.100 , pp. 520-526
    • Bogdarina, I.1    Welham, S.2    King, P.J.3    Burns, S.P.4    Clark, A.J.5
  • 30
  • 31
    • 33846691289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic stress and low birth weight neonates in a low-income population of women
    • Borders AE, Grobman WA, Amsden LB, Holl JL. 2007. Chronic stress and low birth weight neonates in a low-income population of women. Obstet Gynecol 109(2, Part 1):331-338.
    • (2007) Obstet Gynecol , vol.109 , Issue.2 and PART 1 , pp. 331-338
    • Borders, A.E.1    Grobman, W.A.2    Amsden, L.B.3    Holl, J.L.4
  • 33
    • 0346037314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial reversal of the effect of maternal care on cognitive function through environmental enrichment
    • Bredy TW, Humpartzoomian RA, Cain DP, Meaney MJ. 2003. Partial reversal of the effect of maternal care on cognitive function through environmental enrichment. Neuroscience 118:571-576.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.118 , pp. 571-576
    • Bredy, T.W.1    Humpartzoomian, R.A.2    Cain, D.P.3    Meaney, M.J.4
  • 34
    • 0037262660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived racism and blood pressure: A review of the literature and conceptual and methodological critique
    • Brondolo E, Rieppi R, Kelly KP, Gerin W. 2003. Perceived racism and blood pressure: a review of the literature and conceptual and methodological critique. Ann Behav Med 25:55-65.
    • (2003) Ann Behav Med , vol.25 , pp. 55-65
    • Brondolo, E.1    Rieppi, R.2    Kelly, K.P.3    Gerin, W.4
  • 35
    • 0035581855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apportionment of racial diversity: A review
    • Brown R, Armelagos G. 2001. Apportionment of racial diversity: a review. Evol Anthropol 10:34-40.
    • (2001) Evol Anthropol , vol.10 , pp. 34-40
    • Brown, R.1    Armelagos, G.2
  • 36
    • 0037456772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burchard EG, Ziv E, Coyle N, Gomez SL, Tang H, Karter AJ, Mountain JL, Perez-Stable EJ, Sheppard D, Risch N. 2003. The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice. N Engl J Med 348:1170-1175.
    • Burchard EG, Ziv E, Coyle N, Gomez SL, Tang H, Karter AJ, Mountain JL, Perez-Stable EJ, Sheppard D, Risch N. 2003. The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice. N Engl J Med 348:1170-1175.
  • 37
    • 0025058464 scopus 로고
    • Foreign-born and US-born black women: Differences in health behaviors and birth outcomes
    • Cabral H, Fried LE, Levenson S, Amaro H, Zuckerman B. 1990. Foreign-born and US-born black women: differences in health behaviors and birth outcomes. Am J Public Health 80:70-72.
    • (1990) Am J Public Health , vol.80 , pp. 70-72
    • Cabral, H.1    Fried, L.E.2    Levenson, S.3    Amaro, H.4    Zuckerman, B.5
  • 38
    • 0037380111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classifying humans
    • Calafell F. 2003. Classifying humans. Nat Genet 33:435-436.
    • (2003) Nat Genet , vol.33 , pp. 435-436
    • Calafell, F.1
  • 39
    • 19844371031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial/ethnic disparities in infant mortality - United States, 1995-2002
    • CDC
    • CDC. 2005. Racial/ethnic disparities in infant mortality - United States, 1995-2002. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 54:553-556.
    • (2005) Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.54 , pp. 553-556
  • 40
    • 0003717478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDC, United States, Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • CDC. 2007. National diabetes fact sheet: United States, 2007. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    • (2007) National diabetes fact sheet
  • 42
    • 0031663719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preterm and term births of small for gestational age infants: A population-based study of risk factors among nulliparous women
    • Clausson B, Cnattingius S, Axelsson O. 1998. Preterm and term births of small for gestational age infants: a population-based study of risk factors among nulliparous women. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 105:1011-1017.
    • (1998) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.105 , pp. 1011-1017
    • Clausson, B.1    Cnattingius, S.2    Axelsson, O.3
  • 43
    • 9644265486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Very low birthweight in African American infants: The role of maternal exposure to interpersonal racial discrimination
    • Collins JW Jr, David RJ, Handler A, Wall S, Andes S. 2004. Very low birthweight in African American infants: the role of maternal exposure to interpersonal racial discrimination. Am J Public Health 94:2132-2138.
    • (2004) Am J Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 2132-2138
    • Collins Jr, J.W.1    David, R.J.2    Handler, A.3    Wall, S.4    Andes, S.5
  • 44
    • 0036468224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differing intergenerational birth weights among the descendants of US-born and foreign-born whites and African Americans in Illinois
    • Collins JW Jr, Wu SY, David RJ. 2002. Differing intergenerational birth weights among the descendants of US-born and foreign-born whites and African Americans in Illinois. Am J Epidemiol 155:210-216.
    • (2002) Am J Epidemiol , vol.155 , pp. 210-216
    • Collins Jr, J.W.1    Wu, S.Y.2    David, R.J.3
  • 45
    • 0022517294 scopus 로고
    • The biological concept of race and its application to public health and epidemiology
    • Cooper R, David R. 1986. The biological concept of race and its application to public health and epidemiology. J Health Polit Policy Law 11:97-116.
    • (1986) J Health Polit Policy Law , vol.11 , pp. 97-116
    • Cooper, R.1    David, R.2
  • 46
    • 0027162945 scopus 로고
    • Health and the social status of blacks in the United States
    • Cooper RS. 1993. Health and the social status of blacks in the United States. Ann Epidemiol 3:137-144.
    • (1993) Ann Epidemiol , vol.3 , pp. 137-144
    • Cooper, R.S.1
  • 48
    • 0037389666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomics and medicine: Distraction, incremental progress, or the dawn of a new age?
    • Cooper RS, Psaty BM. 2003. Genomics and medicine: distraction, incremental progress, or the dawn of a new age? Ann Intern Med 138:576-580.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 576-580
    • Cooper, R.S.1    Psaty, B.M.2
  • 49
    • 33747770748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of low birth weight to blood pressure, cortisol levels, and reactivity in African American adolescents: A pilot study
    • Covelli M. 2006a. The relationship of low birth weight to blood pressure, cortisol levels, and reactivity in African American adolescents: a pilot study. Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs 29:173-187.
    • (2006) Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs , vol.29 , pp. 173-187
    • Covelli, M.1
  • 50
    • 33748690575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of blood pressure and cortisol reactivity to family history of hypertension of African American adolescents
    • Covelli MM. 2006b. The relationship of blood pressure and cortisol reactivity to family history of hypertension of African American adolescents. J Cardiovasc Nurs 21:347-353.
    • (2006) J Cardiovasc Nurs , vol.21 , pp. 347-353
    • Covelli, M.M.1
  • 51
    • 33751242483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Germ-line epigenetic modification of the murine A vy allele by nutritional supplementation
    • Cropley JE, Suter CM, Beckman KB, Martin DI. 2006. Germ-line epigenetic modification of the murine A vy allele by nutritional supplementation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:17308-17312.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 17308-17312
    • Cropley, J.E.1    Suter, C.M.2    Beckman, K.B.3    Martin, D.I.4
  • 52
    • 17644369002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins of the "black/white" difference in blood pressure: Roles of birth weight, postnatal growth, early blood pressure, and adolescent body size: The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Cruickshank JK, Mzayek F, Liu L, Kieltyka L, Sherwin R, Webber LS, Srinavasan SR, Berenson GS. 2005. Origins of the "black/white" difference in blood pressure: roles of birth weight, postnatal growth, early blood pressure, and adolescent body size: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation 111:1932-1937.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 1932-1937
    • Cruickshank, J.K.1    Mzayek, F.2    Liu, L.3    Kieltyka, L.4    Sherwin, R.5    Webber, L.S.6    Srinavasan, S.R.7    Berenson, G.S.8
  • 53
    • 0034065523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring: Follow-up research in the Pima Indians
    • Dabelea D, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ. 2000. Effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring: follow-up research in the Pima Indians. J Matern Fetal Med 9:83-88.
    • (2000) J Matern Fetal Med , vol.9 , pp. 83-88
    • Dabelea, D.1    Knowler, W.C.2    Pettitt, D.J.3
  • 54
    • 34548563984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk factors at age 30 following pre-term birth
    • Dalziel SR, Parag V, Rodgers A, Harding JE. 2007. Cardiovascular risk factors at age 30 following pre-term birth. Int J Epidemiol 36:907-915.
    • (2007) Int J Epidemiol , vol.36 , pp. 907-915
    • Dalziel, S.R.1    Parag, V.2    Rodgers, A.3    Harding, J.E.4
  • 55
    • 34548421609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disparities in infant mortality: What's genetics got to do with it?
    • David R, Collins J Jr. 2007. Disparities in infant mortality: what's genetics got to do with it? Am J Public Health 97:1191-1197.
    • (2007) Am J Public Health , vol.97 , pp. 1191-1197
    • David, R.1    Collins Jr., J.2
  • 56
    • 0030667982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • David RJ, Collins JW Jr. 1997. Differing birth weight among infants of U.S.-born blacks, African-born blacks, and U.S.-born whites. N Engl J Med 337:1209-1214.
    • David RJ, Collins JW Jr. 1997. Differing birth weight among infants of U.S.-born blacks, African-born blacks, and U.S.-born whites. N Engl J Med 337:1209-1214.
  • 57
    • 0034702112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do depression symptoms predict early hypertension incidence in young adults in the CARDIA study? Coronary artery risk development in young adults
    • Davidson K, Jonas BS, Dixon KE, Markovitz JH. 2000. Do depression symptoms predict early hypertension incidence in young adults in the CARDIA study? Coronary artery risk development in young adults. Arch Intern Med 160:1495-1500.
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 1495-1500
    • Davidson, K.1    Jonas, B.S.2    Dixon, K.E.3    Markovitz, J.H.4
  • 61
    • 34447308817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal programming of defensive responses through sustained effects on gene expression
    • Diorio J, Meaney MJ. 2007. Maternal programming of defensive responses through sustained effects on gene expression. J Psychiatry Neurosci 32:275-284.
    • (2007) J Psychiatry Neurosci , vol.32 , pp. 275-284
    • Diorio, J.1    Meaney, M.J.2
  • 64
    • 12844283293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress in African American pregnancies: Testing the roles of various stress concepts in prediction of birth outcomes
    • Dominguez TP, Schetter CD, Mancuso R, Rini CM, Hobel C. 2005. Stress in African American pregnancies: testing the roles of various stress concepts in prediction of birth outcomes. Ann Behav Med 29:12-21.
    • (2005) Ann Behav Med , vol.29 , pp. 12-21
    • Dominguez, T.P.1    Schetter, C.D.2    Mancuso, R.3    Rini, C.M.4    Hobel, C.5
  • 66
    • 0002578153 scopus 로고
    • Perinatal hormone levels and brain organization
    • Basel: Karger. p
    • Dörner G. 1975. Perinatal hormone levels and brain organization. In: Anatatomical neuroendocrinology. Basel: Karger. p 245-252.
    • (1975) Anatatomical neuroendocrinology , pp. 245-252
    • Dörner, G.1
  • 67
    • 0842281936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intergenerational effects of fetal programming: Non-genomic mechanisms for the inheritance of low birth weight and cardiovascular risk
    • Drake AJ, Walker BR. 2004. The intergenerational effects of fetal programming: non-genomic mechanisms for the inheritance of low birth weight and cardiovascular risk. J Endocrinol 180:1-16.
    • (2004) J Endocrinol , vol.180 , pp. 1-16
    • Drake, A.J.1    Walker, B.R.2
  • 68
    • 11144310595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergenerational consequences of fetal programming by in utero exposure to glucocorticoids in rats
    • Drake AJ, Walker BR, Seckl JR. 2005. Intergenerational consequences of fetal programming by in utero exposure to glucocorticoids in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 288:R34-R38.
    • (2005) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.288
    • Drake, A.J.1    Walker, B.R.2    Seckl, J.R.3
  • 69
    • 0026362856 scopus 로고
    • Social class, skin color, and arterial blood pressure in two societies
    • Dressler WW. 1991. Social class, skin color, and arterial blood pressure in two societies. Ethn Dis 1:60-77.
    • (1991) Ethn Dis , vol.1 , pp. 60-77
    • Dressler, W.W.1
  • 70
    • 0034345160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health consequences of cultural consonance: Cultural dimensions of lifestyle, social support, and arterial blood pressure in an African American community
    • Dressler WW, Bindon JR. 2000. The health consequences of cultural consonance: Cultural dimensions of lifestyle, social support, and arterial blood pressure in an African American community. Am Anthropol 102:244-260.
    • (2000) Am Anthropol , vol.102 , pp. 244-260
    • Dressler, W.W.1    Bindon, J.R.2
  • 71
    • 27844452958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and ethnicity in public health research: Models to explain health disparities
    • Dressler WW, Oths KS, Gravlee CC. 2005. Race and ethnicity in public health research: models to explain health disparities. Annu Rev Anthropol 34:231-252.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.34 , pp. 231-252
    • Dressler, W.W.1    Oths, K.S.2    Gravlee, C.C.3
  • 72
    • 0036210553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of size at birth and childhood growth on the insulin resistance syndrome in elderly individuals
    • Eriksson JG, Forsen T, Tuomilehto J, Jaddoe VW, Osmond C, Barker DJ. 2002. Effects of size at birth and childhood growth on the insulin resistance syndrome in elderly individuals. Diabetologia 45:342-348.
    • (2002) Diabetologia , vol.45 , pp. 342-348
    • Eriksson, J.G.1    Forsen, T.2    Tuomilehto, J.3    Jaddoe, V.W.4    Osmond, C.5    Barker, D.J.6
  • 73
    • 26444481247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of birth weight on the racial disparity of end-stage renal disease
    • Fan Z, Lipsitz S, Egan B, Lackland D. 2000. The impact of birth weight on the racial disparity of end-stage renal disease. Ann Epidemiol 10: 459.
    • (2000) Ann Epidemiol , vol.10 , pp. 459
    • Fan, Z.1    Lipsitz, S.2    Egan, B.3    Lackland, D.4
  • 76
    • 4644237271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood origins of adult health: A basis for life-course health policy
    • Forrest CB, Riley AW. 2004. Childhood origins of adult health: a basis for life-course health policy. Health Aff (Millwood) 23:155-164.
    • (2004) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.23 , pp. 155-164
    • Forrest, C.B.1    Riley, A.W.2
  • 77
    • 0017755140 scopus 로고
    • Are poor living conditions in childhood and adolescence an important risk factor for arteriosclerotic heart disease?
    • Forsdahl A. 1977. Are poor living conditions in childhood and adolescence an important risk factor for arteriosclerotic heart disease? Br J Prev Soc Med 31:91-95.
    • (1977) Br J Prev Soc Med , vol.31 , pp. 91-95
    • Forsdahl, A.1
  • 78
    • 0037107176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enrichment reverses the effects of maternal separation on stress reactivity
    • Francis DD, Diorio J, Plotsky PM, Meaney MJ. 2002. Environmental enrichment reverses the effects of maternal separation on stress reactivity. J Neurosci 22:7840-7843.
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 7840-7843
    • Francis, D.D.1    Diorio, J.2    Plotsky, P.M.3    Meaney, M.J.4
  • 80
    • 0035464720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and eliminating racial inequalities in women's health in the United States: The role of the weathering conceptual framework
    • Geronimus AT. 2001. Understanding and eliminating racial inequalities in women's health in the United States: the role of the weathering conceptual framework. J Am Med Womens Assoc 56:133-136;149-150.
    • (2001) J Am Med Womens Assoc , vol.56
    • Geronimus, A.T.1
  • 81
    • 33646229082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weathering and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States
    • Geronimus AT, Hicken M, Keene D, Bound J. 2006. "Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States. Am J Public Health 96:826-833.
    • (2006) Am J Public Health , vol.96 , pp. 826-833
    • Geronimus, A.T.1    Hicken, M.2    Keene, D.3    Bound, J.4
  • 82
    • 26844550762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining disproportionately high rates of adverse birth outcomes among African Americans: The impact of stress, racism, and related factors in pregnancy
    • Giscombe CL, Lobel M. 2005. Explaining disproportionately high rates of adverse birth outcomes among African Americans: the impact of stress, racism, and related factors in pregnancy. Psychol Bull 131:662-683.
    • (2005) Psychol Bull , vol.131 , pp. 662-683
    • Giscombe, C.L.1    Lobel, M.2
  • 83
    • 12744274414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal constraint of fetal growth and its consequences
    • Gluckman PD, Hanson MA. 2004. Maternal constraint of fetal growth and its consequences. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 9:419-425.
    • (2004) Semin Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.9 , pp. 419-425
    • Gluckman, P.D.1    Hanson, M.A.2
  • 84
    • 33646686574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic disease: Evolutionary, developmental and transgenerational influences
    • Gluckman PD, Hanson MA. 2005. Metabolic disease: evolutionary, developmental and transgenerational influences. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program 55:17-27.
    • (2005) Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program , vol.55 , pp. 17-27
    • Gluckman, P.D.1    Hanson, M.A.2
  • 86
    • 33847367675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-genomic transgenerational inheritance of disease risk
    • Gluckman PD, Hanson MA, Beedle AS. 2007a. Non-genomic transgenerational inheritance of disease risk. Bioessays 29:145-154.
    • (2007) Bioessays , vol.29 , pp. 145-154
    • Gluckman, P.D.1    Hanson, M.A.2    Beedle, A.S.3
  • 87
    • 46449087037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of in utero and early-life conditions on adult health and disease
    • Gluckman PD, Hanson MA, Cooper C, Thornburg KL. 2008. Effect of in utero and early-life conditions on adult health and disease. New Engl J Med 359:61-73.
    • (2008) New Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 61-73
    • Gluckman, P.D.1    Hanson, M.A.2    Cooper, C.3    Thornburg, K.L.4
  • 89
    • 0033755056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why genes don't count (for racial differences in health)
    • Goodman AH. 2000. Why genes don't count (for racial differences in health). Am J Pub Health 90:1699-1702.
    • (2000) Am J Pub Health , vol.90 , pp. 1699-1702
    • Goodman, A.H.1
  • 91
    • 33750452694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial disparities in low birthweight and the contribution of residential segregation: A multilevel analysis
    • Grady SC. 2006. Racial disparities in low birthweight and the contribution of residential segregation: a multilevel analysis. Soc Sci Med 63:3013-3029.
    • (2006) Soc Sci Med , vol.63 , pp. 3013-3029
    • Grady, S.C.1
  • 92
    • 9444246967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood disadvantage and health inequalities: A framework for policy based on lifecourse research
    • Graham H, Power C. 2004. Childhood disadvantage and health inequalities: a framework for policy based on lifecourse research. Child Care Health Dev 30:671-678.
    • (2004) Child Care Health Dev , vol.30 , pp. 671-678
    • Graham, H.1    Power, C.2
  • 93
    • 34249909787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of maternal chronic disease and negative birth outcomes in a non-Hispanic Black-White Mississippi birth cohort
    • Graham J, Zhang L, Schwalberg R. 2007. Association of maternal chronic disease and negative birth outcomes in a non-Hispanic Black-White Mississippi birth cohort. Public Health Nurs 24:311-317.
    • (2007) Public Health Nurs , vol.24 , pp. 311-317
    • Graham, J.1    Zhang, L.2    Schwalberg, R.3
  • 94
    • 28444454903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin color, social classification, and blood pressure in southeastern Puerto Rico
    • Gravlee CC, Dressler WW, Bernard HR. 2005. Skin color, social classification, and blood pressure in southeastern Puerto Rico. Am J Public Health 95:2191-2197.
    • (2005) Am J Public Health , vol.95 , pp. 2191-2197
    • Gravlee, C.C.1    Dressler, W.W.2    Bernard, H.R.3
  • 95
    • 45749138036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, ethnicity, and racism in medical anthropology, 1977-2002
    • Gravlee CC, Sweet E. 2008. Race, ethnicity, and racism in medical anthropology, 1977-2002. Med Anthropol Q 22:27-51.
    • (2008) Med Anthropol Q , vol.22 , pp. 27-51
    • Gravlee, C.C.1    Sweet, E.2
  • 96
    • 34249304470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription and RNA interference in the formation of heterochromatin
    • Grewal SI, Elgin SC. 2007. Transcription and RNA interference in the formation of heterochromatin. Nature 447:399-406.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 399-406
    • Grewal, S.I.1    Elgin, S.C.2
  • 97
    • 0032030159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of early care and buffering of neuroendocrine stress reactions: Potential effects on the developing human brain
    • Gunnar MR. 1998. Quality of early care and buffering of neuroendocrine stress reactions: potential effects on the developing human brain. Prev Med 27:208-211.
    • (1998) Prev Med , vol.27 , pp. 208-211
    • Gunnar, M.R.1
  • 98
    • 33947493876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood
    • Gupta M, Gupta R, Pareek A, Bhatia R, Kaul V. 2007. Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood. Indian Pediatr 44:177-184.
    • (2007) Indian Pediatr , vol.44 , pp. 177-184
    • Gupta, M.1    Gupta, R.2    Pareek, A.3    Bhatia, R.4    Kaul, V.5
  • 99
    • 0042733445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life course health development: An integrated framework for developing health, policy, and research
    • iii
    • Halfon N, Hochstein M. 2002. Life course health development: an integrated framework for developing health, policy, and research. Milbank Q 80:433-479, iii.
    • (2002) Milbank Q , vol.80 , pp. 433-479
    • Halfon, N.1    Hochstein, M.2
  • 100
    • 0037311308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence
    • Harrell JP, Hall S, Taliaferro J. 2003. Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: an assessment of the evidence. Am J Public Health 93:243-248.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 243-248
    • Harrell, J.P.1    Hall, S.2    Taliaferro, J.3
  • 101
    • 84937287884 scopus 로고
    • The persistent power of "race" in the cultural and political economy of racism
    • Harrison FV. 1995. The persistent power of "race" in the cultural and political economy of racism. Annu Rev Anthropol 24:47-74.
    • (1995) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.24 , pp. 47-74
    • Harrison, F.V.1
  • 102
    • 0033594787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fetal insulin hypothesis: An alternative explanation of the association of low birthweight with diabetes and vascular disease
    • Hattersley AT, Tooke JE. 1999. The fetal insulin hypothesis: an alternative explanation of the association of low birthweight with diabetes and vascular disease. Lancet 353:1789-1792.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 1789-1792
    • Hattersley, A.T.1    Tooke, J.E.2
  • 105
    • 34247136384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Techniques used in studies of epigenome dysregulation due to aberrant DNA methylation: An emphasis on fetal-based adult diseases
    • Ho SM, Tang WY. 2007. Techniques used in studies of epigenome dysregulation due to aberrant DNA methylation: an emphasis on fetal-based adult diseases. Reprod Toxicol 23:267-282.
    • (2007) Reprod Toxicol , vol.23 , pp. 267-282
    • Ho, S.M.1    Tang, W.Y.2
  • 108
    • 7244229694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low birthweight and type 2 diabetes: A study on 11 162 Swedish twins
    • discussion 953-954
    • Iliadou A, Cnattingius S, Lichtenstein P. 2004. Low birthweight and type 2 diabetes: a study on 11 162 Swedish twins. Int J Epidemiol 33:948-953; discussion 953-954.
    • (2004) Int J Epidemiol , vol.33 , pp. 948-953
    • Iliadou, A.1    Cnattingius, S.2    Lichtenstein, P.3
  • 110
    • 34147107177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered skeletal muscle fiber composition and size precede whole-body insulin resistance in young men with low birth weight
    • Jensen CB, Storgaard H, Madsbad S, Richter EA, Vaag AA. 2007. Altered skeletal muscle fiber composition and size precede whole-body insulin resistance in young men with low birth weight. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:1530-1534.
    • (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.92 , pp. 1530-1534
    • Jensen, C.B.1    Storgaard, H.2    Madsbad, S.3    Richter, E.A.4    Vaag, A.A.5
  • 111
    • 0035839136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating the histone code
    • Jenuwein T, Allis CD. 2001. Translating the histone code. Science 293:1074-1080.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1074-1080
    • Jenuwein, T.1    Allis, C.D.2
  • 112
    • 33947310031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental epigenomics and disease susceptibility
    • Jirtle RL, Skinner MK. 2007. Environmental epigenomics and disease susceptibility. Nat Rev Genet 8:253-262.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Genet , vol.8 , pp. 253-262
    • Jirtle, R.L.1    Skinner, M.K.2
  • 113
    • 0034090349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative affect as a prospective risk factor for hypertension
    • Jonas BS, Lando JF. 2000. Negative affect as a prospective risk factor for hypertension. Psychosom Med 62:188-196.
    • (2000) Psychosom Med , vol.62 , pp. 188-196
    • Jonas, B.S.1    Lando, J.F.2
  • 114
    • 85031896203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation, classification, and "race
    • Jorde L, Wooding S. 2004. Genetic variation, classification, and "race". Nat Genet 36:S28-S33.
    • (2004) Nat Genet , vol.36
    • Jorde, L.1    Wooding, S.2
  • 115
    • 0035117095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is economic policy health policy?
    • Kaplan GA, Lynch JW. 2001. Is economic policy health policy? Am J Public Health 91:351-353.
    • (2001) Am J Public Health , vol.91 , pp. 351-353
    • Kaplan, G.A.1    Lynch, J.W.2
  • 116
    • 0033566030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeking causal explanations in social epidemiology
    • Kaufman JS, Cooper RS. 1999. Seeking causal explanations in social epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 150:113-120.
    • (1999) Am J Epidemiol , vol.150 , pp. 113-120
    • Kaufman, J.S.1    Cooper, R.S.2
  • 117
    • 0037147179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breakthrough of the year
    • Kennedy D. 2002. Breakthrough of the year. Science 298:2283.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 2283
    • Kennedy, D.1
  • 118
    • 0036357049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keppel KG, Pearcy JN, Wagener DK. 2002. Trends in racial and ethnic-specific rates for the health status indicators: United States, 1990-98. Healthy People 2000 Stat Notes 23:1-16.
    • Keppel KG, Pearcy JN, Wagener DK. 2002. Trends in racial and ethnic-specific rates for the health status indicators: United States, 1990-98. Healthy People 2000 Stat Notes 23:1-16.
  • 119
    • 50249214097 scopus 로고
    • Death rates in Great Britain and Sweden: Some general regularities and their significance
    • Kermack W, McKendrick A, McKinlay P. 1934. Death rates in Great Britain and Sweden: some general regularities and their significance. Lancet 226:698-703.
    • (1934) Lancet , vol.226 , pp. 698-703
    • Kermack, W.1    McKendrick, A.2    McKinlay, P.3
  • 120
    • 33846463586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kistka ZA, Palomar L, Lee KA, Boslaugh SE, Wangler MF, Cole FS, DeBaun MR, Muglia LJ. 2007. Racial disparity in the frequency of recurrence of preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 196:131e1-131e6.
    • Kistka ZA, Palomar L, Lee KA, Boslaugh SE, Wangler MF, Cole FS, DeBaun MR, Muglia LJ. 2007. Racial disparity in the frequency of recurrence of preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 196:131e1-131e6.
  • 121
    • 0242440979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, ancestry, and genes: Implications for defining disease risk
    • Kittles RA, Weiss KM. 2003. Race, ancestry, and genes: Implications for defining disease risk. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 4:33-67.
    • (2003) Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet , vol.4 , pp. 33-67
    • Kittles, R.A.1    Weiss, K.M.2
  • 122
    • 0026025781 scopus 로고
    • Differences in infant mortality by race, nativity status, and other maternal characteristics
    • Kleinman JC, Fingerhut LA, Prager K. 1991. Differences in infant mortality by race, nativity status, and other maternal characteristics. Am J Dis Child 145:194-199.
    • (1991) Am J Dis Child , vol.145 , pp. 194-199
    • Kleinman, J.C.1    Fingerhut, L.A.2    Prager, K.3
  • 123
    • 33750212359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US black vs white disparities in foetal growth: Physiological or pathological?
    • Kramer MS, Ananth CV, Platt RW, Joseph KS. 2006. US black vs white disparities in foetal growth: physiological or pathological? Int J Epidemiol 35:1187-1195.
    • (2006) Int J Epidemiol , vol.35 , pp. 1187-1195
    • Kramer, M.S.1    Ananth, C.V.2    Platt, R.W.3    Joseph, K.S.4
  • 124
    • 0029909238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enigma of fetal/infant-origins hypothesis
    • Kramer MS, Joseph KS. 1996. Enigma of fetal/infant-origins hypothesis. Lancet 348:1254-1255.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 1254-1255
    • Kramer, M.S.1    Joseph, K.S.2
  • 125
    • 0033998849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refiguring "race": Epidemiology, racialized biology, and biological expressions of race relations
    • Krieger N. 2000. Refiguring "race": epidemiology, racialized biology, and biological expressions of race relations. Int J Health Serv 30:211-216.
    • (2000) Int J Health Serv , vol.30 , pp. 211-216
    • Krieger, N.1
  • 126
    • 28444474565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stormy weather: Race, gene expression, and the science of health disparities
    • Krieger N. 2005. Stormy weather: race, gene expression, and the science of health disparities. Am J Public Health 95:2155-2160.
    • (2005) Am J Public Health , vol.95 , pp. 2155-2160
    • Krieger, N.1
  • 127
    • 3042720553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bodies count, and body counts: Social epidemiology and embodying inequality
    • Krieger N, Davey Smith G. 2004. "Bodies count," and body counts: social epidemiology and embodying inequality. Epidemiol Rev 26:92-103.
    • (2004) Epidemiol Rev , vol.26 , pp. 92-103
    • Krieger, N.1    Davey Smith, G.2
  • 130
    • 13444249906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fetal origins of developmental plasticity: Are fetal cues reliable predictors of future nutritional environments?
    • Kuzawa CW. 2005. The fetal origins of developmental plasticity: are fetal cues reliable predictors of future nutritional environments? Am J Hum Biol 175-21.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Biol , pp. 175-221
    • Kuzawa, C.W.1
  • 131
    • 52249086444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The developmental origins of adult health: Intergenerational inertia in adaptation and disease
    • Trevathan W, Smith EO, McKenna JJ, editors, Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp
    • Kuzawa CW. 2008. The developmental origins of adult health: intergenerational inertia in adaptation and disease. In: Trevathan W, Smith EO, McKenna JJ, editors. Evolution and health. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp 325-349.
    • (2008) Evolution and health , pp. 325-349
    • Kuzawa, C.W.1
  • 132
    • 59549098514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid profiles in adolescent Filipinos: Relation to birth weight and maternal energy status during pregnancy
    • Kuzawa CW, Adair LS. 2003. Lipid profiles in adolescent Filipinos: relation to birth weight and maternal energy status during pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr 77960-966.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , pp. 77960-77966
    • Kuzawa, C.W.1    Adair, L.S.2
  • 133
    • 0348202281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A supply-demand model of fetal energy sufficiency predicts lipid profiles in male but not female Filipino adolescents
    • Kuzawa CW, Adair LS. 2004. A supply-demand model of fetal energy sufficiency predicts lipid profiles in male but not female Filipino adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 58:438-448.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 438-448
    • Kuzawa, C.W.1    Adair, L.S.2
  • 134
    • 13444283719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction. Fetal origins of developmental plasticity
    • Kuzawa CW, Pike IL. 2005. Introduction. Fetal origins of developmental plasticity. Am J Hum Biol 17:1-4.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Biol , vol.17 , pp. 1-4
    • Kuzawa, C.W.1    Pike, I.L.2
  • 135
    • 2342505705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with altered fetal growth patterns: A hypothesis regarding metabolic allocation to growth under hyperglycemic-hypoxemic conditions
    • Lampl M, Jeanty P. 2004. Exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with altered fetal growth patterns: a hypothesis regarding metabolic allocation to growth under hyperglycemic-hypoxemic conditions. Am J Hum Biol 16:237-263.
    • (2004) Am J Hum Biol , vol.16 , pp. 237-263
    • Lampl, M.1    Jeanty, P.2
  • 136
    • 0036245380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants thinner at birth exhibit smaller kidneys for their size late in gestation in a sample of fetuses with appropriate growth
    • Lampl M, Kuzawa CW, Jeanty P. 2002. Infants thinner at birth exhibit smaller kidneys for their size late in gestation in a sample of fetuses with appropriate growth. Am J Hum Biol 14:398-406.
    • (2002) Am J Hum Biol , vol.14 , pp. 398-406
    • Lampl, M.1    Kuzawa, C.W.2    Jeanty, P.3
  • 138
    • 33645470540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proportioning whole-genome single-nucleotide-polymorphism diversity for the identification of geographic population structure and genetic ancestry
    • Lao O, van Duijn K, Kersbergen P, de Knijff P, Kayser M. 2006. Proportioning whole-genome single-nucleotide-polymorphism diversity for the identification of geographic population structure and genetic ancestry. Am J Hum Genet 78:680-690.
    • (2006) Am J Hum Genet , vol.78 , pp. 680-690
    • Lao, O.1    van Duijn, K.2    Kersbergen, P.3    de Knijff, P.4    Kayser, M.5
  • 139
    • 26644435087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disentangling race and socioeconomic status: A key to understanding health inequalities
    • LaVeist T. 2005. Disentangling race and socioeconomic status: a key to understanding health inequalities. J Urban Health 82(2 Suppl 3):iii26-iii34.
    • (2005) J Urban Health , vol.82 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 3
    • LaVeist, T.1
  • 141
    • 0035097663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Law CM, Egger P, Dada O, Delgado H, Kylberg E, Lavin P, Tang GH, von Hertzen H, Shiell AW, Barker DJ. 2001. Body size at birth and blood pressure among children in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol 30:52-57.
    • Law CM, Egger P, Dada O, Delgado H, Kylberg E, Lavin P, Tang GH, von Hertzen H, Shiell AW, Barker DJ. 2001. Body size at birth and blood pressure among children in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol 30:52-57.
  • 143
    • 33746148216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking during pregnancy and components of stature in offspring
    • Leary S, Davey Smith G, Ness A. 2006. Smoking during pregnancy and components of stature in offspring. Am J Hum Biol 18:502-512.
    • (2006) Am J Hum Biol , vol.18 , pp. 502-512
    • Leary, S.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Ness, A.3
  • 144
    • 0032566198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: Cohort study of 15000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29
    • Leon DA, Lithell HO, Vagero D, Koupilova I, Mohsen R, Berglund L, Lithell UB, McKeigue PM. 1998. Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29. BMJ 317:241-245.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 241-245
    • Leon, D.A.1    Lithell, H.O.2    Vagero, D.3    Koupilova, I.4    Mohsen, R.5    Berglund, L.6    Lithell, U.B.7    McKeigue, P.M.8
  • 145
    • 0034489128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired glucose tolerance and elevated blood pressure in low birth weight, nonobese, young south african adults: Early programming of cortisol axis
    • Levitt NS, Lambert EV, Woods D, Hales CN, Andrew R, Seckl JR. 2000. Impaired glucose tolerance and elevated blood pressure in low birth weight, nonobese, young south african adults: early programming of cortisol axis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:4611-4618.
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 4611-4618
    • Levitt, N.S.1    Lambert, E.V.2    Woods, D.3    Hales, C.N.4    Andrew, R.5    Seckl, J.R.6
  • 146
    • 0000244010 scopus 로고
    • The apportionment of human diversity
    • Lewontin R. 1972. The apportionment of human diversity. Evol Biol 6:381-398.
    • (1972) Evol Biol , vol.6 , pp. 381-398
    • Lewontin, R.1
  • 147
    • 33646840675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight, puberty, and systolic blood pressure in children and adolescents: A longitudinal analysis
    • Li C, Huang TK, Cruz ML, Goran MI. 2006. Birth weight, puberty, and systolic blood pressure in children and adolescents: a longitudinal analysis. J Hum Hypertens 20:444-450.
    • (2006) J Hum Hypertens , vol.20 , pp. 444-450
    • Li, C.1    Huang, T.K.2    Cruz, M.L.3    Goran, M.I.4
  • 148
    • 0035653259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low birth weight on insulin resistance syndrome in caucasian and African-American children
    • Li C, Johnson MS, Goran MI. 2001. Effects of low birth weight on insulin resistance syndrome in caucasian and African-American children. Diabetes Care 24:2035-2042.
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 2035-2042
    • Li, C.1    Johnson, M.S.2    Goran, M.I.3
  • 149
    • 0029663366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race/ethnicity, the social environment, and health
    • Lillie-Blanton M, Laveist T. 1996. Race/ethnicity, the social environment, and health. Soc Sci Med 43:83-91.
    • (1996) Soc Sci Med , vol.43 , pp. 83-91
    • Lillie-Blanton, M.1    Laveist, T.2
  • 150
    • 20444411948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary protein restriction of pregnant rats induces and folic acid supplementation prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring
    • Lillycrop KA, Phillips ES, Jackson AA, Hanson MA, Burdge GC. 2005. Dietary protein restriction of pregnant rats induces and folic acid supplementation prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring. J Nutr 135:1382-1386.
    • (2005) J Nutr , vol.135 , pp. 1382-1386
    • Lillycrop, K.A.1    Phillips, E.S.2    Jackson, A.A.3    Hanson, M.A.4    Burdge, G.C.5
  • 151
    • 34247514180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of altered epigenetic regulation of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor in the offspring of rats fed a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy suggests that reduced DNA methyltransferase-1 expression is involved in impaired DNA methylation and changes in histone modifications
    • Lillycrop KA, Slater-Jefferies JL, Hanson MA, Godfrey KM, Jackson AA, Burdge GC. 2007. Induction of altered epigenetic regulation of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor in the offspring of rats fed a protein-restricted diet during pregnancy suggests that reduced DNA methyltransferase-1 expression is involved in impaired DNA methylation and changes in histone modifications. Br J Nutr 97:1064-1073.
    • (2007) Br J Nutr , vol.97 , pp. 1064-1073
    • Lillycrop, K.A.1    Slater-Jefferies, J.L.2    Hanson, M.A.3    Godfrey, K.M.4    Jackson, A.A.5    Burdge, G.C.6
  • 152
    • 17644384331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from success and failure in psychosocial intervention: An evaluation of low birth weight prevention trials
    • Lu Q, Lu MC, Schetter CD. 2005. Learning from success and failure in psychosocial intervention: an evaluation of low birth weight prevention trials. J Health Psychol 10:185-195.
    • (2005) J Health Psychol , vol.10 , pp. 185-195
    • Lu, Q.1    Lu, M.C.2    Schetter, C.D.3
  • 153
    • 0026091454 scopus 로고
    • Programming by early nutrition in man
    • discussion 50-55
    • Lucas A. 1991. Programming by early nutrition in man. Ciba Found Symp 156:38-50; discussion 50-55.
    • (1991) Ciba Found Symp , vol.156 , pp. 38-50
    • Lucas, A.1
  • 154
    • 0026520138 scopus 로고
    • Decreased birthweights in infants after maternal in utero exposure to the Dutch famine of 1944-1945
    • Lumey LH. 1992. Decreased birthweights in infants after maternal in utero exposure to the Dutch famine of 1944-1945. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 6:240-253.
    • (1992) Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol , vol.6 , pp. 240-253
    • Lumey, L.H.1
  • 155
    • 33947210381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental influences on birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and gestational age by use of population-based parent-offspring data
    • Lunde A, Melve KK, Gjessing HK, Skjaerven R, Irgens LM. 2007. Genetic and environmental influences on birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and gestational age by use of population-based parent-offspring data. Am J Epidemiol 165:734-741.
    • (2007) Am J Epidemiol , vol.165 , pp. 734-741
    • Lunde, A.1    Melve, K.K.2    Gjessing, H.K.3    Skjaerven, R.4    Irgens, L.M.5
  • 156
    • 27744573746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low birth weight, nephron number, and kidney disease
    • Luyckx VA, Brenner BM. 2005. Low birth weight, nephron number, and kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl 97:S68-S77.
    • (2005) Kidney Int , Issue.SUPPL. 97
    • Luyckx, V.A.1    Brenner, B.M.2
  • 157
    • 0034309231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An explanatory model of preterm labor
    • Mackey MC, Boyle JS. 2000. An explanatory model of preterm labor. J Transcult Nurs 11:254-263.
    • (2000) J Transcult Nurs , vol.11 , pp. 254-263
    • Mackey, M.C.1    Boyle, J.S.2
  • 158
    • 0025100863 scopus 로고
    • Excess mortality in Harlem
    • McCord C, Freeman HP. 1990. Excess mortality in Harlem. N Engl J Med 322:173-177.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.322 , pp. 173-177
    • McCord, C.1    Freeman, H.P.2
  • 159
    • 33847174230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HPA function in adolescence: Role of sex hormones in its regulation and the enduring consequences of exposure to stressors
    • McCormick CM, Mathews IZ. 2007. HPA function in adolescence: role of sex hormones in its regulation and the enduring consequences of exposure to stressors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 86:220-233.
    • (2007) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.86 , pp. 220-233
    • McCormick, C.M.1    Mathews, I.Z.2
  • 161
    • 33746062900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial and behavioral predictors of inflammation in middle-aged and older adults: The Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study
    • McDade TW, Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT. 2006. Psychosocial and behavioral predictors of inflammation in middle-aged and older adults: The Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study. Psychosom Med 68: 376-381.
    • (2006) Psychosom Med , vol.68 , pp. 376-381
    • McDade, T.W.1    Hawkley, L.C.2    Cacioppo, J.T.3
  • 162
    • 0034983402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From molecules to mind. Stress, individual differences, and the social environment
    • McEwen BS. 2001. From molecules to mind. Stress, individual differences, and the social environment. Ann N Y Acad Sci 935:42-49.
    • (2001) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.935 , pp. 42-49
    • McEwen, B.S.1
  • 163
    • 15544369982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome: Prediction, plasticity, and programming
    • McMillen IC, Robinson JS. 2005. Developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome: prediction, plasticity, and programming. Physiol Rev 85:571-633.
    • (2005) Physiol Rev , vol.85 , pp. 571-633
    • McMillen, I.C.1    Robinson, J.S.2
  • 165
    • 0035871325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight, childhood growth, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese aged 20 years
    • Miura K, Nakagawa H, Tabata M, Morikawa Y, Nishijo M, Kagamimori S. 2001. Birth weight, childhood growth, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese aged 20 years. Am J Epidemiol 153:783-789.
    • (2001) Am J Epidemiol , vol.153 , pp. 783-789
    • Miura, K.1    Nakagawa, H.2    Tabata, M.3    Morikawa, Y.4    Nishijo, M.5    Kagamimori, S.6
  • 166
    • 84926971645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal nutrition and fetal growth and development
    • Gluckman P, Hanson M, editors, Cambridge: CUP
    • Morton S. 2006. Maternal nutrition and fetal growth and development. In: Gluckman P, Hanson M, editors. Developmental origins of health and disease. Cambridge: CUP.
    • (2006) Developmental origins of health and disease
    • Morton, S.1
  • 167
    • 9644255933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination and black-white differences in preterm and low-birthweight deliveries: The CARDIA Study
    • Mustillo S, Krieger N, Gunderson EP, Sidney S, McCreath H, Kiefe CI. 2004. Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination and black-white differences in preterm and low-birthweight deliveries: The CARDIA Study. Am J Public Health 94:2125-2131.
    • (2004) Am J Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 2125-2131
    • Mustillo, S.1    Krieger, N.2    Gunderson, E.P.3    Sidney, S.4    McCreath, H.5    Kiefe, C.I.6
  • 168
    • 34547658953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of birth weight with developmental trends in blood pressure from childhood through mid-adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart study
    • Mzayek F, Hassig S, Sherwin R, Hughes J, Chen W, Srinivasan S, Berenson G. 2007. The association of birth weight with developmental trends in blood pressure from childhood through mid-adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart study. Am J Epidemiol 166:413-420.
    • (2007) Am J Epidemiol , vol.166 , pp. 413-420
    • Mzayek, F.1    Hassig, S.2    Sherwin, R.3    Hughes, J.4    Chen, W.5    Srinivasan, S.6    Berenson, G.7
  • 169
    • 1842454150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential association of birth weight with cardiovascular risk variables in African-Americans and whites: The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Mzayek F, Sherwin R, Fonseca V, Valdez R, Srinivasan SR, Cruickshank JK, Berenson GS. 2004. Differential association of birth weight with cardiovascular risk variables in African-Americans and whites: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Ann Epidemiol 14:258-264.
    • (2004) Ann Epidemiol , vol.14 , pp. 258-264
    • Mzayek, F.1    Sherwin, R.2    Fonseca, V.3    Valdez, R.4    Srinivasan, S.R.5    Cruickshank, J.K.6    Berenson, G.S.7
  • 170
    • 0030248438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of an empirically-derived social support intervention to prevent low birthweight among African American women
    • Norbeck JS, DeJoseph JF, Smith RT. 1996. A randomized trial of an empirically-derived social support intervention to prevent low birthweight among African American women. Soc Sci Med 43:947-954.
    • (1996) Soc Sci Med , vol.43 , pp. 947-954
    • Norbeck, J.S.1    DeJoseph, J.F.2    Smith, R.T.3
  • 171
    • 36348994913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic differences in the association of birth weight and blood pressure: The Georgia Cardiovascular Twin Study
    • Oberg S, Ge D, Cnattingius S, Svensson A, Treiber FA, Snieder H, Iliadou A. 2007. Ethnic differences in the association of birth weight and blood pressure: The Georgia Cardiovascular Twin Study. Am J Hypertens 20:1235-1241.
    • (2007) Am J Hypertens , vol.20 , pp. 1235-1241
    • Oberg, S.1    Ge, D.2    Cnattingius, S.3    Svensson, A.4    Treiber, F.A.5    Snieder, H.6    Iliadou, A.7
  • 172
    • 0142186764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal origins of obesity
    • Oken E, Gillman MW. 2003. Fetal origins of obesity. Obes Res 11:496-506.
    • (2003) Obes Res , vol.11 , pp. 496-506
    • Oken, E.1    Gillman, M.W.2
  • 173
    • 39449121417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and child overweight: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Oken E, Levitan EB, Gillman MW. 2008. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and child overweight: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes 32:201-210.
    • (2008) Int J Obes , vol.32 , pp. 201-210
    • Oken, E.1    Levitan, E.B.2    Gillman, M.W.3
  • 174
    • 33745044792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size at birth, postnatal growth and risk of obesity
    • Ong KK. 2006. Size at birth, postnatal growth and risk of obesity. Horm Res 65 (Suppl 3):65-69.
    • (2006) Horm Res , vol.65 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 65-69
    • Ong, K.K.1
  • 176
    • 0035214198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of psychosocial job strain and birth outcomes
    • Oths KS, Dunn LL, Palmer NS. 2001. A prospective study of psychosocial job strain and birth outcomes. Epidemiology 12:744-746.
    • (2001) Epidemiology , vol.12 , pp. 744-746
    • Oths, K.S.1    Dunn, L.L.2    Palmer, N.S.3
  • 177
    • 0025169655 scopus 로고
    • The effect of known risk factors on the excess mortality of black adults in the United States
    • Otten MW Jr, Teutsch SM, Williamson DF, Marks JS. 1990. The effect of known risk factors on the excess mortality of black adults in the United States. JAMA 263:845-850.
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.263 , pp. 845-850
    • Otten Jr, M.W.1    Teutsch, S.M.2    Williamson, D.F.3    Marks, J.S.4
  • 178
    • 0014408079 scopus 로고
    • Rate of intra-uterine growth
    • Ounsted M, Ounsted C. 1968. Rate of intra-uterine growth. Nature 220:599-600.
    • (1968) Nature , vol.220 , pp. 599-600
    • Ounsted, M.1    Ounsted, C.2
  • 179
    • 0022871702 scopus 로고
    • Transmission through the female line of a mechanism constraining human fetal growth
    • Ounsted M, Scott A, Ounsted C. 1986. Transmission through the female line of a mechanism constraining human fetal growth. Ann Hum Biol 13:143-151.
    • (1986) Ann Hum Biol , vol.13 , pp. 143-151
    • Ounsted, M.1    Scott, A.2    Ounsted, C.3
  • 180
    • 0242424960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mark of a criminal record
    • Pager D. 2003. The mark of a criminal record. Am J Soc 108:937-975.
    • (2003) Am J Soc , vol.108 , pp. 937-975
    • Pager, D.1
  • 181
    • 33845488917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproducing inequalities: Luck, wallets, and the enduring effects of childhood health
    • Palloni A. 2006. Reproducing inequalities: luck, wallets, and the enduring effects of childhood health. Demography 43:587-615.
    • (2006) Demography , vol.43 , pp. 587-615
    • Palloni, A.1
  • 182
    • 0030476827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early nutritional origins of hypertension: A hypothesis still lacking support
    • Paneth N, Ahmed F, Stein A. 1996. Early nutritional origins of hypertension: a hypothesis still lacking support. J Hypertens 14 (Suppl 5):s121-s129.
    • (1996) J Hypertens , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 5
    • Paneth, N.1    Ahmed, F.2    Stein, A.3
  • 183
    • 0027288803 scopus 로고
    • The increasing disparity in mortality between socioeconomic groups in the United States, 1960 and 1986
    • Pappas G, Queen S, Hadden W, Fisher G. 1993. The increasing disparity in mortality between socioeconomic groups in the United States, 1960 and 1986. N Engl J Med 329:103-109.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 103-109
    • Pappas, G.1    Queen, S.2    Hadden, W.3    Fisher, G.4
  • 186
    • 34547396431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intake of physiological doses of leptin during lactation in rats prevents obesity in later life
    • Pico C, Oliver P, Sanchez J, Miralles O, Caimari A, Priego T, Palou A. 2007. The intake of physiological doses of leptin during lactation in rats prevents obesity in later life. Int J Obes (Lond) 31:1199-1209.
    • (2007) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.31 , pp. 1199-1209
    • Pico, C.1    Oliver, P.2    Sanchez, J.3    Miralles, O.4    Caimari, A.5    Priego, T.6    Palou, A.7
  • 187
    • 13444302666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal stress and fetal responses: Evolutionary perspectives on preterm delivery
    • Pike IL. 2005. Maternal stress and fetal responses: evolutionary perspectives on preterm delivery. Am J Hum Biol 17:55-65.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Biol , vol.17 , pp. 55-65
    • Pike, I.L.1
  • 188
    • 14644435074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review
    • Pollitt RA, Rose KM, Kaufman JS. 2005. Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 5:7.
    • (2005) BMC Public Health , vol.5 , pp. 7
    • Pollitt, R.A.1    Rose, K.M.2    Kaufman, J.S.3
  • 189
    • 16844373228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early programming of adult diseases in resource poor countries
    • Prentice AM, Moore SE. 2005. Early programming of adult diseases in resource poor countries. Arch Dis Child 90:429-432.
    • (2005) Arch Dis Child , vol.90 , pp. 429-432
    • Prentice, A.M.1    Moore, S.E.2
  • 190
    • 0032931713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ramakrishnan U, Martorell R, Schroeder DG, Flores R. 1999. Role of intergenerational effects on linear growth. J Nutr 129(2S Suppl):544S-549S.
    • Ramakrishnan U, Martorell R, Schroeder DG, Flores R. 1999. Role of intergenerational effects on linear growth. J Nutr 129(2S Suppl):544S-549S.
  • 191
    • 0034940422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the influence of maternal obesity and weight gain: The DEPOSIT Study. Diabetes Endocrine Pregnancy Outcome Study in Toronto
    • Ray JG, Vermeulen MJ, Shapiro JL, Kenshole AB. 2001. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the influence of maternal obesity and weight gain: The DEPOSIT Study. Diabetes Endocrine Pregnancy Outcome Study in Toronto. QJM 94:347-356.
    • (2001) QJM , vol.94 , pp. 347-356
    • Ray, J.G.1    Vermeulen, M.J.2    Shapiro, J.L.3    Kenshole, A.B.4
  • 192
    • 14644429131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race and ethnic differences in determinants of preterm birth in the USA: Broadening the social context
    • Reagan PB, Salsberry PJ. 2005. Race and ethnic differences in determinants of preterm birth in the USA: broadening the social context. Soc Sci Med 60:2217-2228.
    • (2005) Soc Sci Med , vol.60 , pp. 2217-2228
    • Reagan, P.B.1    Salsberry, P.J.2
  • 193
    • 33751329250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redon R, Ishikawa S, Fitch KR, Feuk L, Perry GH, Andrews TD, Fiegler H, Shapero MH, Carson AR, Chen W, Cho EK, Dallaire S, Freeman JL, Gonzalez JR, Gratacos M, Huang J, Kalaitzopoulos D, Komura D, MacDonald JR, Marshall CR, Mei R, Montgomery L, Nishimura K, Okamura K, Shen F, Somerville MJ, Tchinda J, Valsesia A, Woodwark C, Yang F, Zhang J, Zerial T, Zhang J, Armengol L, Conrad DF, Estivill X, Tyler-Smith C, Carter NP, Aburatani H, Lee C, Jones KW, Scherer SW, Hurles ME. 2006. Global variation in copy number in the human genome. Nature 444:444-454.
    • Redon R, Ishikawa S, Fitch KR, Feuk L, Perry GH, Andrews TD, Fiegler H, Shapero MH, Carson AR, Chen W, Cho EK, Dallaire S, Freeman JL, Gonzalez JR, Gratacos M, Huang J, Kalaitzopoulos D, Komura D, MacDonald JR, Marshall CR, Mei R, Montgomery L, Nishimura K, Okamura K, Shen F, Somerville MJ, Tchinda J, Valsesia A, Woodwark C, Yang F, Zhang J, Zerial T, Zhang J, Armengol L, Conrad DF, Estivill X, Tyler-Smith C, Carter NP, Aburatani H, Lee C, Jones KW, Scherer SW, Hurles ME. 2006. Global variation in copy number in the human genome. Nature 444:444-454.
  • 194
    • 34249279527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability and flexibility of epigenetic gene regulation in mammalian development
    • Reik W. 2007. Stability and flexibility of epigenetic gene regulation in mammalian development. Nature 447:425-432.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 425-432
    • Reik, W.1
  • 195
    • 0036329295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apportionment of global human genetic diversity based on craniometrics and skin color
    • Relethford J. 2002. Apportionment of global human genetic diversity based on craniometrics and skin color. Am J Phys Anthropol 118:393-398.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.118 , pp. 393-398
    • Relethford, J.1
  • 196
    • 0036381531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H. 2002. Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease. Genome Biol 3:comment2007.
    • Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H. 2002. Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease. Genome Biol 3:comment2007.
  • 197
    • 34247895496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and the adolescent brain
    • Romeo RD, McEwen BS. 2006. Stress and the adolescent brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1094:202-214.
    • (2006) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1094 , pp. 202-214
    • Romeo, R.D.1    McEwen, B.S.2
  • 201
    • 0029456451 scopus 로고
    • Hypertension in minorities: Blacks
    • Saunders E. 1995. Hypertension in minorities: Blacks. Am J Hypertens 8(12, Part 2):115s-119s.
    • (1995) Am J Hypertens , vol.8 , Issue.12 and PART 2
    • Saunders, E.1
  • 203
    • 4644240756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for gradients of human genetic diversity within and among continents
    • Serre D, Paabo S. 2004. Evidence for gradients of human genetic diversity within and among continents. Genome Res 14:1679-1685.
    • (2004) Genome Res , vol.14 , pp. 1679-1685
    • Serre, D.1    Paabo, S.2
  • 206
    • 0029040177 scopus 로고
    • Impaired glucose tolerance in adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers. Relationship to fetal hyperinsulinism
    • Silverman BL, Metzger BE, Cho NH, Loeb CA. 1995. Impaired glucose tolerance in adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers. Relationship to fetal hyperinsulinism. Diabetes Care 18:611-617.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care , vol.18 , pp. 611-617
    • Silverman, B.L.1    Metzger, B.E.2    Cho, N.H.3    Loeb, C.A.4
  • 207
    • 34547117535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The developmental origins of health and disease: Current theories and epigenetic mechanisms
    • Juengel JL, Murray JF, Smith MF, editors, Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. p
    • Sinclair KD, Lea RG, Rees WD, Young LE. 2007. The developmental origins of health and disease: current theories and epigenetic mechanisms. In: Juengel JL, Murray JF, Smith MF, editors. Reproduction in domestic ruminants VI. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. p 425-444.
    • (2007) Reproduction in domestic ruminants VI , pp. 425-444
    • Sinclair, K.D.1    Lea, R.G.2    Rees, W.D.3    Young, L.E.4
  • 208
    • 8944244528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse pregnancy outcomes: Differences between US- and foreign-born women in major US racial and ethnic groups
    • Singh GK, Yu SM. 1996. Adverse pregnancy outcomes: Differences between US- and foreign-born women in major US racial and ethnic groups. Am J Public Health 86:837-843.
    • (1996) Am J Public Health , vol.86 , pp. 837-843
    • Singh, G.K.1    Yu, S.M.2
  • 209
    • 0033766212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning to live with complexity: Ethnicity, socioeconomic position, and health in Britain and the United States
    • Smith GD. 2000. Learning to live with complexity: ethnicity, socioeconomic position, and health in Britain and the United States. Am J Public Health 90:1694-1698.
    • (2000) Am J Public Health , vol.90 , pp. 1694-1698
    • Smith, G.D.1
  • 211
    • 0034006683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight and the metabolic syndrome: Thrifty phenotype or thrifty genotype?
    • Stern MP, Bartley M, Duggirala R, Bradshaw B. 2000. Birth weight and the metabolic syndrome: thrifty phenotype or thrifty genotype? Diabetes Metab Res Rev 16:88-93.
    • (2000) Diabetes Metab Res Rev , vol.16 , pp. 88-93
    • Stern, M.P.1    Bartley, M.2    Duggirala, R.3    Bradshaw, B.4
  • 212
    • 38849090146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thrifty epigenotype: An acquired and inherited predisposition for obesity and diabetes?
    • Stöger R. 2008. The thrifty epigenotype: an acquired and inherited predisposition for obesity and diabetes? Bioessays 30:156-166.
    • (2008) Bioessays , vol.30 , pp. 156-166
    • Stöger, R.1
  • 213
    • 43749098985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA methylation landscapes: Provocative insights from epigenomics
    • Suzuki MM, Bird A. 2008. DNA methylation landscapes: provocative insights from epigenomics. Nat Rev Genet 9:465-476.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Genet , vol.9 , pp. 465-476
    • Suzuki, M.M.1    Bird, A.2
  • 214
    • 38449108319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between skin color, income, and blood pressure among African Americans in the CARDIA Study
    • Sweet E, McDade TW, Kiefe CI, Liu K. 2007. Relationships between skin color, income, and blood pressure among African Americans in the CARDIA Study. Am J Public Health 97:2253-2259.
    • (2007) Am J Public Health , vol.97 , pp. 2253-2259
    • Sweet, E.1    McDade, T.W.2    Kiefe, C.I.3    Liu, K.4
  • 215
    • 33746253814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for early nutritional programming of later health in animals
    • Symonds ME, Gardner DS. 2006. Experimental evidence for early nutritional programming of later health in animals. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 9:278-283.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.9 , pp. 278-283
    • Symonds, M.E.1    Gardner, D.S.2
  • 217
    • 33750240986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension among Chinese adults
    • Tian JY, Cheng Q, Song XM, Li G, Jiang GX, Gu YY, Luo M. 2006. Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension among Chinese adults. Eur J Endocrinol 155:601-607.
    • (2006) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 601-607
    • Tian, J.Y.1    Cheng, Q.2    Song, X.M.3    Li, G.4    Jiang, G.X.5    Gu, Y.Y.6    Luo, M.7
  • 218
    • 0038290741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic stress burden, discrimination, and subclinical carotid artery disease in African American and Caucasian women
    • Troxel WM, Matthews KA, Bromberger JT, Sutton-Tyrrell K. 2003. Chronic stress burden, discrimination, and subclinical carotid artery disease in African American and Caucasian women. Health Psychol 22:300-309.
    • (2003) Health Psychol , vol.22 , pp. 300-309
    • Troxel, W.M.1    Matthews, K.A.2    Bromberger, J.T.3    Sutton-Tyrrell, K.4
  • 221
    • 0002947085 scopus 로고
    • The epigenotype
    • Waddington C. 1942. The epigenotype. Endeavour 1:18-20.
    • (1942) Endeavour , vol.1 , pp. 18-20
    • Waddington, C.1
  • 222
    • 0347123629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early nutrition, epigenetic changes at transposons and imprinted genes, and enhanced susceptibility to adult chronic diseases
    • Waterland RA, Jirtle RL. 2004. Early nutrition, epigenetic changes at transposons and imprinted genes, and enhanced susceptibility to adult chronic diseases. Nutrition 20:63-68.
    • (2004) Nutrition , vol.20 , pp. 63-68
    • Waterland, R.A.1    Jirtle, R.L.2
  • 223
    • 35548941189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic epidemiology of the developmental origins hypothesik
    • Waterland RA, Michels KB. 2007. Epigenetic epidemiology of the developmental origins hypothesik. Annu Rev Nutr 27:363-388.
    • (2007) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.27 , pp. 363-388
    • Waterland, R.A.1    Michels, K.B.2
  • 225
    • 0031411097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White cannibals: Fantasies of racial violence in the Andes
    • Weismantel M. 1997. White cannibals: fantasies of racial violence in the Andes. Identities 4:9-43.
    • (1997) Identities , vol.4 , pp. 9-43
    • Weismantel, M.1
  • 227
    • 0035715743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting birth-weight and adult Body Mass Index
    • Whitfield JB, Treloar SA, Zhu G, Martin NG. 2001. Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting birth-weight and adult Body Mass Index. Twin Res 4:365-370.
    • (2001) Twin Res , vol.4 , pp. 365-370
    • Whitfield, J.B.1    Treloar, S.A.2    Zhu, G.3    Martin, N.G.4
  • 228
    • 33846113758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial predictors of being an underweight infant differ by racial group: A prospective study of Louisiana WIC program participants
    • Wightkin J, Magnus JH, Farley TA, Boris NW, Kotelchuck M. 2007. Psychosocial predictors of being an underweight infant differ by racial group: a prospective study of Louisiana WIC program participants. Matern Child Health J 11:49-55.
    • (2007) Matern Child Health J , vol.11 , pp. 49-55
    • Wightkin, J.1    Magnus, J.H.2    Farley, T.A.3    Boris, N.W.4    Kotelchuck, M.5
  • 229
    • 0033392213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, socioeconomic status, and health. The added effects of racism and discrimination
    • Williams DR. 1999. Race, socioeconomic status, and health. The added effects of racism and discrimination. Ann N Y Acad Sci 896:173-188.
    • (1999) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.896 , pp. 173-188
    • Williams, D.R.1
  • 230
    • 27644498479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health of U.S. racial and ethnic populations
    • Williams DR. 2005. The health of U.S. racial and ethnic populations. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 60:53-62.
    • (2005) J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci , vol.60 , pp. 53-62
    • Williams, D.R.1
  • 231
    • 84919968642 scopus 로고
    • US socioeconomic and racial differences in health: Patterns and explanations
    • Williams DR, Collins C. 1995. US socioeconomic and racial differences in health: Patterns and explanations. Annu Rev Sociol 21:349-386.
    • (1995) Annu Rev Sociol , vol.21 , pp. 349-386
    • Williams, D.R.1    Collins, C.2
  • 232
    • 17244378005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social sources of racial disparities in health
    • Williams DR, Jackson PB. 2005. Social sources of racial disparities in health. Health Aff (Millwood) 24:325-334.
    • (2005) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.24 , pp. 325-334
    • Williams, D.R.1    Jackson, P.B.2
  • 233
    • 0035463482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism, discrimination and hypertension: Evidence and needed research
    • Williams DR, Neighbors H. 2001. Racism, discrimination and hypertension: evidence and needed research. Ethn Dis 11:800-816.
    • (2001) Ethn Dis , vol.11 , pp. 800-816
    • Williams, D.R.1    Neighbors, H.2
  • 234
    • 13444293225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history and the early origins of health differentials
    • Worthman CM, Kuzara J. 2005. Life history and the early origins of health differentials. Am J Hum Biol 17:95-112.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Biol , vol.17 , pp. 95-112
    • Worthman, C.M.1    Kuzara, J.2
  • 236
    • 0348230971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life origins of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in India and other Asian countries
    • Yajnik CS. 2004. Early life origins of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in India and other Asian countries. J Nutr 134:205-210.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 205-210
    • Yajnik, C.S.1
  • 237
    • 36249006451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transgenerational transmission of cortisol and PTSD risk
    • Yehuda R, Bierer LM. 2008. Transgenerational transmission of cortisol and PTSD risk. Prog Brain Res 167:121-135.
    • (2008) Prog Brain Res , vol.167 , pp. 121-135
    • Yehuda, R.1    Bierer, L.M.2
  • 238
    • 34247898926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal protein restriction permanently programs adipocyte growth and development in adult male rat offspring
    • Zhang T, Guan H, Arany E, Hill DJ, Yang K. 2007. Maternal protein restriction permanently programs adipocyte growth and development in adult male rat offspring. J Cell Biochem 101:381-388.
    • (2007) J Cell Biochem , vol.101 , pp. 381-388
    • Zhang, T.1    Guan, H.2    Arany, E.3    Hill, D.J.4    Yang, K.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.