Whole genome exon arrays identify differential expression of alternatively spliced, cancer-related genes in lung cancer

Nucleic Acids Research

Volumn 36, Issue 20, 2008, Pages 6535-6547

  Xi, Liqiang ^a   Feber, Andrew ^a   Gupta, Vanita ^a   Wu, Maoxin ^a   Bergemann, Andrew D ^a   Landreneau, Rodney J ^b   Litle, Virginia R ^a   Pennathur, Arjun ^b   Luketich, James D ^b   Godfrey, Tony E ^a  

^a MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAM PROTEIN; ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ALPHA INTEGRIN; CADHERIN; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN RELATED CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1; CELL CYCLE PROTEIN; CHEMOKINE; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; CYCLIN E; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 4; FOLLISTATIN; HEMATOPOIETIC CELL KINASE; KRUPPEL LIKE FACTOR; OSTEONECTIN; PARATHYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; PROTEIN BCL 6; PROTEIN P16; RAS PROTEIN; SINGLE STRANDED DNA BINDING PROTEIN; SMAD PROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN 6; STAT PROTEIN; T BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ERG; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GATA 2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GATA 6; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR; VASCULOTROPIN C;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA SEQUENCE; EXON; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENE LOCUS; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA; MALE; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA PROCESSING; TUMOR GENE;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ALTERNATIVE SPLICING; ANTIGENS, CD; CADHERINS; CARCINOMA, NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG; CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P16; EXONS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; GENES, NEOPLASM; GENETIC VARIATION; GENOME, HUMAN; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAY SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; RNA, MESSENGER; TRANS-ACTIVATORS;

EUKARYOTA;

EID: 56649083778     PISSN: 03051048     EISSN: 13624962     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn697     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Jemal,A., Murray,T., Ward,E., Samuels,A., Tiwari,R.C., Ghafoor,A., Feuer,E.J. and Thun,M.J. (2005) Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J. Clin. 55, 10-30.
2. Ries,L.A.G., Melbert,D., Krapcho,M., Mariotto,A., Miller,B.A., Feuer,E.J., Clegg,L., Horner,M.J., Howlader,N., Eisner,M.P. et al. (2006) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2004. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
3. Bhattacharjee,A., Richards,W.G., Staunton,J., Li,C., Monti,S., Vasa,P., Ladd,C., Beheshti,J., Bueno,R., Gillette,M. et al. (2001) Classification of human lung carcinomas by mRNA expression profiling reveals distinct adenocarcinoma subclasses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 13790-13795.
4. Beer,D.G., Kardia,S.L., Huang,C.C., Giordano,T.J., Levin,A.M., Misek,D.E., Lin,L., Chen,G., Gharib,T.G., Thomas,D.G. et al. (2002) Gene-expression pro.les predict survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Nat. Med., 8, 816-824.
5. Potti,A., Mukherjee,S., Petersen,R., Dressman,H.K., Bild,A., Koontz,J., Kratzke,R., Watson,M.A., Kelley,M., Ginsburg,G.S. et al. (2006) A genomic strategy to refine prognosis in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., 355, 570-580.
6. Chen,H.Y., Yu,S.L., Chen,C.H., Chang,G.C., Chen,C.Y., Yuan,A., Cheng,C.L., Wang,C.H., Terng,H.J., Kao,S.F. et al. (2007) A five-gene signature and clinical outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer. N. Engl. J. Med., 356, 11-20.
7. Tonon,G., Wong,K.K., Maulik,G., Brennan,C., Feng,B., Zhang,Y., Khatry,D.B., Protopopov,A., You,M.J., Aguirre,A.J. et al. (2005) High-resolution genomic profiles of human lung cancer. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 9625-9630.
8. Weir,B.A., Woo,M.S., Getz,G., Perner,S., Ding,L., Beroukhim,R., Lin,W.M., Province,M.A., Kraja,A., Johnson,L.A. et al. (2007) Characterizing the cancer genome in lung adenocarcinoma. Nature, 450, 893-898.
9. Maniatis,T. and Tasic,B. (2002) Alternative pre-mRNA splicing and proteome expansion in metazoans. Nature, 418, 236-243.
10. Black,D.L. (2003) Mechanisms of alternative pre-messenger RNA splicing. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 72, 291-336.
11. Mironov,A.A., Fickett,J.W. and Gelfand,M.S. (1999) Frequent alternative splicing of human genes. Genome Res., 9, 1288-1293.
12. Brett,D., Hanke,J., Lehmann,G., Haase,S., Delbruck,S., Krueger,S., Reich,J. and Bork,P. (2000) EST comparison indicates 38% of human mRNAs contain possible alternative splice forms. FEBS Lett., 474, 83-86.
13. Kan,Z., States,D. and Gish,W. (2002) Selecting for functional alternative splices in ESTs. Genome Res., 12, 1837-1845.
14. Modrek,B., Resch,A., Grasso,C. and Lee,C. (2001) Genome-wide detection of alternative splicing in expressed sequences of human genes. Nucleic Acids Res., 29, 2850-2859.
15. Sharp,P.A. (1994) Split genes and RNA splicing. Cell, 77, 805-815.
16. Collesi,C., Santoro,M.M., Gaudino,G. and Comoglio,P.M. (1996) A splicing variant of the RON transcript induces constitutive tyrosine kinase activity and an invasive phenotype. Mol. Cell Biol., 16, 5518-5526.
17. Gayther,S.A., Barski,P., Batley,S.J., Li,L., de Foy,K.A., Cohen,S.N., Ponder,B.A. and Caldas,C. (1997) Aberrant splicing of the TSG101 and FHIT genes occurs frequently in multiple malignancies and in normal tissues and mimics alterations previously described in tumours. Oncogene, 15, 2119-2126.
18. Scotet,E. and Houssaint,E. (1998) Exon III splicing switch of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-2 and -3 can be induced by FGF-1 or FGF-2. Oncogene, 17, 67-76.
19. Ge,K., DuHadaway,J., Du,W., Herlyn,M., Rodeck,U. and Prendergast,G.C. (1999) Mechanism for elimination of a tumor suppressor: Aberrant splicing of a brain-specific exon causes loss of function of Bin1 in melanoma. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 9689-9694.
20. Baudry,D., Hamelin,M., Cabanis,M.O., Fournet,J.C., Tournade,M.F., Sarnacki,S., Junien,C. and Jeanpierre,C. (2000) WT1 splicing alterations in Wilms' tumors. Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 3957-3965.
21. Slawin,K.M., Shariat,S.F., Nguyen,C., Leventis,A.K., Song,W., Kattan,M.W., Young,C.Y., Tindall,D.J. and Wheeler,T.M. (2000) Detection of metastatic prostate cancer using a splice variant-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for human glandular kallikrein. Cancer Res., 60, 7142-7148.
22. Liu,H.X., Cartegni,L., Zhang,M.Q. and Krainer,A.R. (2001) A mechanism for exon skipping caused by nonsense or missense mutations in BRCA1 and other genes. Nat. Genet., 27, 55-58.
23. Lukas,J., Gao,D.Q., Keshmeshian,M., Wen,W.H., Tsao-Wei,D., Rosenberg,S. and Press,M.F. (2001) Alternative and aberrant messenger RNA splicing of the mdm2 oncogene in invasive breast cancer. Cancer Res., 61 3212-3219.
24. Kwabi-Addo,B., Ropiquet,F., Giri,D. and Ittmann,M. (2001) Alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptors in human prostate cancer. Prostate, 46, 163-172.
25. Bartel,F., Taubert,H. and Harris,L.C. (2002) Alternative and aberrant splicing of MDM2 mRNA in human cancer. Cancer Cell, 2, 9-15.
26. Barbour,A.P., Reeder,J.A., Walsh,M.D., Fawcett,J., Antalis,T.M. and Gotley,D.C. (2003) Expression of the CD44v2-10 isoform confers a metastatic phenotype: Importance of the heparan sulfate attachment site CD44v3. Cancer Res., 63, 887-892.
27. Steinman,H.A., Burstein,E., Lengner,C., Gosselin,J., Pihan,G., Duckett,C.S. and Jones,S.N. (2004) An alternative splice form of Mdm2 induces p53-independent cell growth and tumorigenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 4877-4886.
28. Brinkman,B.M. (2004) Splice variants as cancer biomarkers. Clin. Biochem., 37, 584-594.
29. Venables,J.P. (2004) Aberrant and alternative splicing in cancer. Cancer Res., 64, 7647-7654.
30. Kalnina,Z., Zayakin,P., Silina,K. and Line,A. (2005) Alterations of pre-mRNA splicing in cancer. Genes Chromosomes. Cancer, 42, 342-357.
31. Venables,J.P. (2006) Unbalanced alternative splicing and its significance in cancer. Bioessays, 28, 378-386.
32. Skotheim,R.I. and Nees,M. (2007) Alternative splicing in cancer: Noise, functional, or systematic? Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 39, 1432-1449.
33. Gardina,P.J., Clark,T.A., Shimada,B., Staples,M.K., Yang,Q., Veitch,J., Schweitzer,A., Awad,T., Sugnet,C., Dee,S. et al. (2006) Alternative splicing and di.erential gene expression in colon cancer detected by a whole genome exon array. BMC Genomics, 7, 325.
34. Irizarry,R.A., Hobbs,B., Collin,F., Beazer-Barclay,Y.D., Antonellis,K.J., Scherf,U. and Speed,T.P. (2003) Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data. Biostatistics, 4, 249-264.
35. Godfrey,T.E., Kim,S.-H., Chavira,M., Ru.,D.W., Warren,R.S., Gray,J.W. and Jensen,R.H. (2000) Quantitative mRNA expression analysis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using 50 nuclease quantitative RT-PCR. J. Mol. Diagn., 2, 84-91.
36. Tassone,F., Hagerman,R.J., Taylor,A.K., Gane,L.W., Godfrey,T.E. and Hagerman,P.J. (2000) Elevated levels of FMR1 mRNA in carrier males: A new mechanism of involvement in the fragile-X syndrome. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 66, 6-15.
37. Wisnivesky,J.P. and Halm,E.A. (2007) Sex differences in lung cancer survival: Do tumors behave differently in elderly women? J. Clin. Oncol., 25, 1705-1712.
38. Wang,L., Lin,S.H., Wu,W.G., Kemp,B.L., Walsh,G.L., Hong,W.K. and Mao,L. (2000) C-CAM1, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, is abnormally expressed in primary lung cancers. Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 2988-2993.
39. Riethdorf,L., Lisboa,B.W., Henkel,U., Naumann,M., Wagener,C. and Loning,T. (1997) Differential expression of CD66a (BGP), a cell adhesion molecule of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, in benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions of the human mammary gland. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 45, 957-963.
40. Luo,W., Tapolsky,M., Earley,K., Wood,C.G., Wilson,D.R., Logothetis,C.J. and Lin,S.H. (1999) Tumor-suppressive activity of CD66a in prostate cancer. Cancer Gene Ther., 6, 313-321.
41. Neumaier,M., Paululat,S., Chan,A., Matthaes,P. and Wagener,C. (1993) Biliary glycoprotein, a potential human cell adhesion molecule, is down-regulated in colorectal carcinomas. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90, 10744-10748.
42. Bamberger,A.M., Riethdorf,L., Nollau,P., Naumann,M., Erdmann,I., Gotze,J., Brummer,J., Schulte,H.M., Wagener,C. and Loning,T. (1998) Dysregulated expression of CD66a (BGP, C-CAM), an adhesion molecule of the CEA family, in endometrial cancer. Am. J. Pathol., 152, 1401-1406.
43. Laack,E., Nikbakht,H., Peters,A., Kugler,C., Jasiewicz,Y., Edler,L., Brummer,J., Schumacher,U. and Hossfeld,D.K. (2002) Expression of CEACAM1 in adenocarcinoma of the lung: A factor of independent prognostic significance. J. Clin. Oncol., 20, 4279-4284.
44. Sienel,W., Dango,S., Woelfle,U., Morresi-Hauf,A., Wagener,C., Brummer,J., Mutschler,W., Passlick,B. and Pantel,K. (2003) Elevated expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 promotes progression of non-small cell lung cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 2260-2266.
45. Dango,S., Sienel,W., Schreiber,M., Stremmel,C., Kirschbaum,A., Pantel,K. and Passlick,B. (2008) Elevated expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM-1) is associated with increased angiogenic potential in non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 60, 426-433.
46. Moore,S.D., O.or,O., Ferry,J.A., Amrein,P.C., Morton,C.C. and Dal,C.P. (2006) ELF4 is fused to ERG in a case of acute myeloid leukemia with a t(X;21)(q25-26;q22). Leuk. Res., 30, 1037-1042.
47. Sorensen,P.H., Lessnick,S.L., Lopez-Terrada,D., Liu,X.F., Triche,T.J. and Denny,C.T. (1994) A second Ewing's sarcoma translocation, t(21;22), fuses the EWS gene to another ETS-family transcription factor, ERG. Nat. Genet., 6, 146-151.
48. Tomlins,S.A., Rhodes,D.R., Perner,S., Dhanasekaran,S.M., Mehra,R., Sun,X.W., Varambally,S., Cao,X., Tchinda,J., Kuefer,R. et al. (2005) Recurrent fusion of TMPRSS2 and ETS transcription factor genes in prostate cancer. Science, 310, 644-648.
49. Lapointe,J., Kim,Y.H., Miller,M.A., Li,C., Kaygusuz,G., van de,R.M., Huntsman,D.G., Brooks,J.D. and Pollack,J.R. (2007) A variant TMPRSS2 isoform and ERG fusion product in prostate cancer with implications for molecular diagnosis. Mod. Pathol., 20, 467-473.
50. Liu,W., Ewing,C.M., Chang,B.L., Li,T., Sun,J., Turner,A.R., Dimitrov,L., Zhu,Y., Sun,J., Kim,J.W. et al. (2007) Multiple genomic alterations on 21q22 predict various TMPRSS2/ERG fusion transcripts in human prostate cancers. Genes Chromosomes. Cancer, 46, 972-980.
51. Panagopoulos,I., Mandahl,N., Mitelman,F. and Aman,P. (1995) Two distinct FUS breakpoint clusters in myxoid liposarcoma and acute myeloid leukemia with the translocations t(12;16) and t(16;21). Oncogene, 11, 1133-1137.
52. Desmaze,C., Brizard,F., Turc-Carel,C., Melot,T., Delattre,O., Thomas,G. and Aurias,A. (1997) Multiple chromosomal mechanisms generate an EWS/ FLI1 or an EWS/ERG fusion gene in Ewing tumors. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet., 97, 12-19.
53. Marcucci,G., Baldus,C.D., Ruppert,A.S., Radmacher,M.D., Mrozek,K., Whitman,S.P., Kolitz,J.E., Edwards,C.G., Vardiman,J.W., Powell,B.L. et al. (2005) Overexpression of the ETS-related gene, ERG, predicts a worse outcome in acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype: A Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 9234-9242.
54. Nam,R.K., Sugar,L., Yang,W., Srivastava,S., Klotz,L.H., Yang,L.Y., Stanimirovic,A., Encioiu,E., Neill,M., Loblaw,D.A. et al. (2007) Expression of the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion gene predicts cancer recurrence after surgery for localised prostate cancer. Br. J. Cancer, 97 1690-1695.
55. Demichelis,F., Fall,K., Perner,S., Andren,O., Schmidt,F., Setlur,S.R., Hoshida,Y., Mosquera,J.M., Pawitan,Y., Lee,C. et al. (2007) TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion associated with lethal prostate cancer in a watchful waiting cohort. Oncogene, 26, 4596-4599.
56. Conacci-Sorrell,M., Zhurinsky,J. and Ben-Ze'ev,A. (2002) The cadherin-catenin adhesion system in signaling and cancer. J. Clin. Invest., 109, 987-991.
57. Paredes,J., Correia,A.L., Ribeiro,A.S., Albergaria,A., Milanezi,F. and Schmitt,F.C. (2007) P-cadherin expression in breast cancer: A review. Breast Cancer Res., 9, 214.
58. Sanders,D.S., Blessing,K., Hassan,G.A., Bruton,R., Marsden,J.R. and Jankowski,J. (1999) Alterations in cadherin and catenin expression during the biological progression of melanocytic tumours. Mol. Pathol., 52, 151-157.
59. Hsu,M.Y., Wheelock,M.J., Johnson,K.R. and Herlyn,M. (1996) Shifts in cadherin profiles between human normal melanocytes and melanomas. J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc., 1, 188-194.
60. Paredes,J., Albergaria,A., Oliveira,J.T., Jeronimo,C., Milanezi,F. and Schmitt,F.C. (2005) P-cadherin overexpression is an indicator of clinical outcome in invasive breast carcinomas and is associated with CDH3 promoter hypomethylation. Clin. Cancer Res., 11, 5869-5877.
61. Peralta,S.A., Knudsen,K.A., Salazar,H., Han,A.C. and Keshgegian,A.A. (1999) P-cadherin expression in breast carcinoma indicates poor survival. Cancer, 86, 1263-1272.
62. Taniuchi,K., Nakagawa,H., Hosokawa,M., Nakamura,T., Eguchi,H., Ohigashi,H., Ishikawa,O., Katagiri,T. and Nakamura,Y. (2005) Overexpressed P-cadherin/CDH3 promotes motility of pancreatic cancer cells by interacting with p120ctn and activating rho-family GTPases. Cancer Res., 65, 3092-3099.
63. Reef,S. and Kimchi,A. (2006) A smARF way to die: A novel short isoform of p19ARF is linked to autophagic cell death. Autophagy, 2, 328-330.
64. Lin,Y.C., Diccianni,M.B., Kim,Y., Lin,H.H., Lee,C.H., Lin,R.J., Joo,S.H., Li,J., Chuang,T.J., Yang,A.S. et al. (2007) Human p16gamma, a novel transcriptional variant of p16(INK4A), coexpresses with p16(INK4A) in cancer cells and inhibits cell-cycle progression. Oncogene, 26, 7017-7027.
65. Gil,J. and Peters,G. (2006) Regulation of the INK4b-ARF-INK4a tumour suppressor locus: All for one or one for all. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 7, 667-677.
66. Sanchez-Aguilera,A., Sanchez-Beato,M., Garcia,J.F., Prieto,I., Pollan,M. and Piris,M.A. (2002) p14(ARF) nuclear overexpression in aggressive B-cell lymphomas is a sensor of malfunction of the common tumor suppressor pathways. Blood, 99, 1411-1418.
67. Ito,T., Nishida,N., Fukuda,Y., Nishimura,T., Komeda,T. and Nakao,K. (2004) Alteration of the p14(ARF) gene and p53 status in human hepatocellular carcinomas. J. Gastroenterol., 39, 355-361.
68. Ferru,A., Fromont,G., Gibelin,H., Guilhot,J., Savagner,F., Tourani,J.M., Kraimps,J.L., Larsen,C.J. and Karayan-Tapon,L. (2006) The status of CDKN2A alpha (p16INK4A) and beta (p14ARF) transcripts in thyroid tumour progression. Br. J. Cancer, 95, 1670-1677.
69. Dong,Y., Walsh,M.D., McGuckin,M.A., Gabrielli,B.G., Cummings,M.C., Wright,R.G., Hurst,T., Khoo,S.K. and Parsons,P.G. (1997) Increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product P16INK4A in ovarian cancer is associated with progression and unfavourable prognosis. Int. J. Cancer, 74, 57-63.
70. Henshall,S.M., Quinn,D.I., Lee,C.S., Head,D.R., Golovsky,D., Brenner,P.C., Delprado,W., Stricker,P.D., Grygiel,J.J. and Sutherland,R.L. (2001) Overexpression of the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4A in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia predicts early relapse in prostate cancer patients. Clin. Cancer Res., 7 544-550.
71. Hui,R., Macmillan,R.D., Kenny,F.S., Musgrove,E.A., Blamey,R.W., Nicholson,R.I., Robertson,J.F. and Sutherland,R.L. (2000) INK4a gene expression and methylation in primary breast cancer: Overexpression of p16INK4a messenger RNA is a marker of poor prognosis. Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 2777-2787.
72. Palmero,I., Pantoja,C. and Serrano,M. (1998) p19ARF links the tumour suppressor p53 to Ras. Nature, 395, 125-126.
73. Bates,S., Phillips,A.C., Clark,P.A., Stott,F., Peters,G., Ludwig,R.L. and Vousden,K.H. (1998) p14ARF links the tumour suppressors RB and p53. Nature, 395, 124-125.
74. Chen,Y.W., Paliwal,S., Draheim,K., Grossman,S.R. and Lewis,B.C. (2008) p19Arf inhibits the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by binding to C-terminal binding protein. Cancer Res., 68, 476-482.
75. Rizos,H., Darmanian,A.P., Mann,G.J. and Kefford,R.F. (2000) Two arginine rich domains in the p14ARF tumour suppressor mediate nucleolar localization. Oncogene, 19, 2978-2985.
76. Ayrault,O., Karayan,L., Riou,J.F., Larsen,C.J. and Seite,P. (2003) Delineation of the domains required for physical and functional interaction of p14ARF with human topoisomerase I. Oncogene, 22 1945-1954.
77. Moulin,S., Llanos,S., Kim,S.H. and Peters,G. (2008) Binding to nucleophosmin determines the localization of human and chicken ARF but not its impact on p53. Oncogene, 27, 2382-2389.
78. Prall,F., Nollau,P., Neumaier,M., Haubeck,H.D., Drzeniek,Z., Helmchen,U., Loning,T. and Wagener,C. (1996) CD66a (BGP), an adhesion molecule of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, is expressed in epithelium, endothelium, and myeloid cells in a wide range of normal human tissues. J. Histochem. Cytochem., 44, 35-41.
79. Thies,A., Moll,I., Berger,J., Wagener,C., Brummer,J., Schulze,H.J., Brunner,G. and Schumacher,U. (2002) CEACAM1 expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma predicts the development of metastatic disease. J. Clin. Oncol., 20, 2530-2536.
80. Turbide,C., Kunath,T., Daniels,E. and Beauchemin,N. (1997) Optimal ratios of biliary glycoprotein isoforms required for inhibition of colonic tumor cell growth. Cancer Res., 57, 2781-2788.