메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 273-294

Ranibizumab: The evidence of its therapeutic value in neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Author keywords

Evidence; Neovascular age related macular degeneration; Ranibizumab

Indexed keywords

AG 013958; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY C3 C5 CONVERTASE; ANECORTAVE; ARACHIDONIC ACID; BEVACIZUMAB; BEVASIRINIB; CAND 5; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C2; COMPLEMENT FACTOR H; DRUG ANTIBODY; MINERAL; PAZOPANIB; PEGAPTANIB; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM DERIVED FACTOR; PLACEBO; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; RANIBIZUMAB; RAPAMYCIN; SIRNA 027; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; STEROID; STRONTIUM 90; TG 100801; TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VASCULOTROPIN; VASCULOTROPIN A; VATALANIB; VERTEPORFIN; VITAMIN;

EID: 54749136955     PISSN: 15551741     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 0027942607 scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular fluid of patients with diabetic retinopathy and other retinal disorders
    • Aiello LF, Avery RL, Arrigg PG, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular fluid of patients with diabetic retinopathy and other retinal disorders. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1480-1487.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 1480-1487
    • Aiello, L.F.1    Avery, R.L.2    Arrigg, P.G.3
  • 2
    • 54749105210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AAO (American Academy of Ophthalmology Retina Panel). Age-related macular degeneration limited revision preferred practice pattern. 2006. Available at: http://www.aao.org/education/guidelines/ppp/ amd_,new.cfm (accessed May 31, 2007).
    • AAO (American Academy of Ophthalmology Retina Panel). Age-related macular degeneration limited revision preferred practice pattern. 2006. Available at: http://www.aao.org/education/guidelines/ppp/ amd_,new.cfm (accessed May 31, 2007).
  • 3
    • 0036741098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for local inflammation in the formation of drusen in the aging eye
    • Anderson DH, Mullins RF, Hageman GS, Johnson LV. A role for local inflammation in the formation of drusen in the aging eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134:411-431.
    • (2002) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.134 , pp. 411-431
    • Anderson, D.H.1    Mullins, R.F.2    Hageman, G.S.3    Johnson, L.V.4
  • 4
    • 49549084036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, accessed April 25, 2007a, Anon
    • Anon. Lucentis Prescribing Information, Available at: www.gene.com (accessed April 25, 2007a).
    • Lucentis Prescribing Information
  • 5
    • 54749157210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, accessed April 25, 2007b, Anon
    • Anon. Lucentis/SAILOR dear healthcare provider letter. Available at: http://www.gene.com/gene/products/information/pdf/ healthcare-provider-letter.pdf (accessed April 25, 2007b).
    • Lucentis/SAILOR dear healthcare provider letter
  • 6
    • 70349689585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AOA (American Optometric Association) Consensus Panel on Care of the Patient With Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Available at:, accessed June 5, 2007
    • AOA (American Optometric Association) Consensus Panel on Care of the Patient With Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Optometric clinical practice guideline: care of the patient with age-related macular degeneration. 2004. Available at: http://www.aoa.org/documents/ CPG-6.pdf (accessed June 5, 2007).
    • (2004) Optometric clinical practice guideline: Care of the patient with age-related macular degeneration
  • 7
    • 0033436360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): Design implications. AREDS report no. 1
    • AREDS Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
    • AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group). The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): design implications. AREDS report no. 1. Control Clin Trials. 1999;20:573-600,
    • (1999) Control Clin Trials , vol.20 , pp. 573-600
  • 8
    • 0033652453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration: A case-control study in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study. Age-Related Eye Disease Study
    • AREDS Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
    • AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group). Risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration: a case-control study in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study. Age-Related Eye Disease Study report number 3. Ophthalmology. 2000;107:2224-2232.
    • (2000) Ophthalmology , vol.107 , pp. 2224-2232
  • 9
    • 0034800655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8
    • AREDS Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
    • AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group). A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8. Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:1417-1436.
    • (2001) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.119 , pp. 1417-1436
  • 11
    • 17444449992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy Study Group; Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization with verteporfin: Fluorescein angiographic guidelines for evaluation and treatment--TAP and VIP report No. 2
    • Barbazetto I, Burdan A, Bressler NM, et al. Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy Study Group; Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization with verteporfin: fluorescein angiographic guidelines for evaluation and treatment--TAP and VIP report No. 2. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003;121:1253-1268.
    • (2003) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.121 , pp. 1253-1268
    • Barbazetto, I.1    Burdan, A.2    Bressler, N.M.3
  • 13
    • 33846586501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MARINA Study Group, Subgroup analysis of the MARINA study of ranibizumab in neovascular age-retated macular degeneration
    • Boyer DS, Antoszyk AN, Awh CC, Bhisitkul RB, Shapiro H, Acharya NR; MARINA Study Group, Subgroup analysis of the MARINA study of ranibizumab in neovascular age-retated macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:246-252.
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 246-252
    • Boyer, D.S.1    Antoszyk, A.N.2    Awh, C.C.3    Bhisitkul, R.B.4    Shapiro, H.5    Acharya, N.R.6
  • 14
    • 0035124965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: Two-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials-TAP
    • Bressler NM; Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: two-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials-TAP report 2. Arch Ophthalmol. 2001;119:198-207.
    • (2001) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.119 , pp. 198-207
    • Bressler, N.M.1
  • 16
    • 29944432478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The burden of age-related macular degeneration: A value-based medicine analysis
    • Brown GC, Brown MM, Sharma S, et al. The burden of age-related macular degeneration: a value-based medicine analysis. Trans Am Cphthalmol Soc. 2005;103:173-184.
    • (2005) Trans Am Cphthalmol Soc , vol.103 , pp. 173-184
    • Brown, G.C.1    Brown, M.M.2    Sharma, S.3
  • 17
    • 33749451356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ANCHOR Study Group, Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Brown DM, Kaiser PK, Michels M, et al; ANCHOR Study Group, Ranibizumab versus verteporfin for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1432-1444.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1432-1444
    • Brown, D.M.1    Kaiser, P.K.2    Michels, M.3
  • 18
    • 34249905890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab (Lucentis) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Subgroup analysis of year 1 PIER efficacy data
    • Presented at: May 6-10, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 4540. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Brown DM, Yue H, Shams N. Ranibizumab (Lucentis) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD): subgroup analysis of year 1 PIER efficacy data. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007a; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 4540. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (2007) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Brown, D.M.1    Yue, H.2    Shams, N.3
  • 19
    • 34247248392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A value-based medicine comparison of interventions for subfoveal neovascular macular degeneration
    • Brown GC, Brown MM, Brown HC, Kindermann S, Sharma S. A value-based medicine comparison of interventions for subfoveal neovascular macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2007b;114:1170-1178.
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 1170-1178
    • Brown, G.C.1    Brown, M.M.2    Brown, H.C.3    Kindermann, S.4    Sharma, S.5
  • 20
    • 34247326604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value-based medicine and interventions for macular degeneration
    • Brown MM, Brown GC, Brown H. Value-based medicine and interventions for macular degeneration. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007c;18:194-200.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Ophthalmol , vol.18 , pp. 194-200
    • Brown, M.M.1    Brown, G.C.2    Brown, H.3
  • 21
    • 27144533204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value-based medicine: The clear case for quality standards
    • Brown MM, Brown GC. Value-based medicine: the clear case for quality standards. Evidence Based Ophthalmol. 2007;6:181-182.
    • (2007) Evidence Based Ophthalmol , vol.6 , pp. 181-182
    • Brown, M.M.1    Brown, G.C.2
  • 22
    • 32944481724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenoviral vector-delivered pigment epithelium-derived factor for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Results of a phase I clinical trial
    • Campochiaro PA, Nguyen QD, Shah SM, et al. Adenoviral vector-delivered pigment epithelium-derived factor for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: results of a phase I clinical trial. Hum Gene Ther. 2006;17:167-176.
    • (2006) Hum Gene Ther , vol.17 , pp. 167-176
    • Campochiaro, P.A.1    Nguyen, Q.D.2    Shah, S.M.3
  • 23
    • 54749154548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reported vision-specific quality of life at 1 year in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration in 2 phase III randomized clinical trials of ranibizumab (Lucentis)
    • Presented at: April 30-May 4, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 5252. Available at:, accessed April 26,2007
    • Chang TS, Fine JT, Bressler N. Self-reported vision-specific quality of life at 1 year in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration in 2 phase III randomized clinical trials of ranibizumab (Lucentis). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; April 30-May 4, 2006, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 5252. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26,2007).
    • (2006) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Chang, T.S.1    Fine, J.T.2    Bressler, N.3
  • 26
    • 33749440219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related macular degeneration
    • de Jong PT. Age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1474-1485.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1474-1485
    • de Jong, P.T.1
  • 27
    • 33751011889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HTRA1 promoter polymorphism in wet age-related macular degeneration
    • DeWan A, Liu M, Hartman S, et al. HTRA1 promoter polymorphism in wet age-related macular degeneration. Science. 2006;314:989-992.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 989-992
    • DeWan, A.1    Liu, M.2    Hartman, S.3
  • 28
    • 33144459399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
    • Donoso LA, Kim D, Frost A, Callahan A, Hageman G. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol. 2006;51:137-152.
    • (2006) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.51 , pp. 137-152
    • Donoso, L.A.1    Kim, D.2    Frost, A.3    Callahan, A.4    Hageman, G.5
  • 30
    • 11144354339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in the United States
    • Friedman DS, O'Colmain BJ, Muñoz B, et al; Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004:122:564-572.
    • (2004) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.122 , pp. 564-572
    • Friedman, D.S.1    O'Colmain, B.J.2    Muñoz, B.3
  • 31
    • 54749116384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of patients losing vision at year 1 of the PrONTO study
    • Presented at: May 6-10, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 4579. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Fung AE, Lalwani GA, Michels S, et al. Characteristics of patients losing vision at year 1 of the PrONTO study. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007a; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 4579. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (2007) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Fung, A.E.1    Lalwani, G.A.2    Michels, S.3
  • 32
    • 33947403618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An optical coherence tomography-guided, variable dosing regimen with intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Fung AE, Lalwani GA, Rosenfeld PJ, et al. An optical coherence tomography-guided, variable dosing regimen with intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007b;143:566-583.
    • (2007) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.143 , pp. 566-583
    • Fung, A.E.1    Lalwani, G.A.2    Rosenfeld, P.J.3
  • 33
    • 13944266313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinicai pharmacokinetics of Ranibizumab (rhuFabV2) after a single intravitreal administration
    • Gaudreault J, Fei D, Rusit J, Suboc P, Shiu V. Preclinicai pharmacokinetics of Ranibizumab (rhuFabV2) after a single intravitreal administration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46:726-733.
    • (2005) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.46 , pp. 726-733
    • Gaudreault, J.1    Fei, D.2    Rusit, J.3    Suboc, P.4    Shiu, V.5
  • 34
    • 54749116766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correspondence: Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Giles MC, Wong TY. Correspondence: Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:74B-749.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356
    • Giles, M.C.1    Wong, T.Y.2
  • 35
    • 11144239923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VEGF Inhibition Study in Ocular Neovascularization Clinical Trial Group. Pegaptanib for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Gragoudas ES, Adamis AP, Cunningham ET Jr, et al; VEGF Inhibition Study in Ocular Neovascularization Clinical Trial Group. Pegaptanib for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2805-2816.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 2805-2816
    • Gragoudas, E.S.1    Adamis, A.P.2    Cunningham Jr, E.T.3
  • 36
    • 33645419787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in factor B (BF) and complement component 2 (C2) genes is associated with age-related macular degeneration
    • Gold B, Merriam JE, Zernant J, et al. Variation in factor B (BF) and complement component 2 (C2) genes is associated with age-related macular degeneration. Net Genet. 2006;38:458-462.
    • (2006) Net Genet , vol.38 , pp. 458-462
    • Gold, B.1    Merriam, J.E.2    Zernant, J.3
  • 37
    • 33745670172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of age-related macular degeneration: A review of progress to date
    • Haddad S, Chen CA, Santangelo SL, Seddon JIM. The genetics of age-related macular degeneration: a review of progress to date. Surv Ophthalmol. 2006;51:316-363.
    • (2006) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.51 , pp. 316-363
    • Haddad, S.1    Chen, C.A.2    Santangelo, S.L.3    Seddon, J.I.M.4
  • 38
    • 0034832029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated hypothesis that considers drusen as biomarkers of immune-mediated processes at the RPE-Bruch's membrane interface in aging and age-related macular degeneration
    • Hageman GS, Luthert PJ, Victor Chong NH, Johnson LV, Anderson DH, Mullins RF An integrated hypothesis that considers drusen as biomarkers of immune-mediated processes at the RPE-Bruch's membrane interface in aging and age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2001;20:705-732.
    • (2001) Prog Retin Eye Res , vol.20 , pp. 705-732
    • Hageman, G.S.1    Luthert, P.J.2    Victor Chong, N.H.3    Johnson, L.V.4    Anderson, D.H.5    Mullins, R.F.6
  • 39
    • 21044453724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common haplotype in the complement regulatory gene factor H (HF1/CFH) predisposes individuals to age-related macular degeneration
    • Hageman GS, Anderson DH, Johnson LV, et al. A common haplotype in the complement regulatory gene factor H (HF1/CFH) predisposes individuals to age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natt Acad Sci USA. 2005;102:7227-7232.
    • (2005) Proc Natt Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 7227-7232
    • Hageman, G.S.1    Anderson, D.H.2    Johnson, L.V.3
  • 40
    • 0030249886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and retinal carotenoids: Implications for age-related macular degeneration
    • Hammond BR, Wooten BR, Snodderly DM. Cigarette smoking and retinal carotenoids: implications for age-related macular degeneration. Vision Res. 1996;36:3003-3009.
    • (1996) Vision Res , vol.36 , pp. 3003-3009
    • Hammond, B.R.1    Wooten, B.R.2    Snodderly, D.M.3
  • 41
    • 33645641520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: A phase I/II multicenter, controlled, multidose study
    • Heier JS, Antoszyk AN, Pavan PR, et al. Ranibizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a phase I/II multicenter, controlled, multidose study. Ophthalmology. 2006a;113:642.
    • (2006) Ophthalmology , vol.113 , pp. 642
    • Heier, J.S.1    Antoszyk, A.N.2    Pavan, P.R.3
  • 42
    • 33750314559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab combined with verteporfin photodynamic therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Year 1 results of the FOCUS Study
    • Heier JS, Boyer DS, Ciulla TA et al. Ranibizumab combined with verteporfin photodynamic therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: year 1 results of the FOCUS Study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006b;124:1532-1542.
    • (2006) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.124 , pp. 1532-1542
    • Heier, J.S.1    Boyer, D.S.2    Ciulla, T.A.3
  • 43
    • 54749084000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heier JS, Chung C, Schneider S; ANCHOR Study Group. Time course of visual acuity changes with ranibizumab (LucentiS™) in the 2-year ANCHOR study of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2872. Available at http://www.arvo,org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • Heier JS, Chung C, Schneider S; ANCHOR Study Group. Time course of visual acuity changes with ranibizumab (LucentiS™) in the 2-year ANCHOR study of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2872. Available at http://www.arvo,org (accessed April 26, 2007).
  • 45
    • 33748979577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antivascular endothelial growth factor agents and their development: Therapeutic implications in ocular diseases
    • Kaiser PK. Antivascular endothelial growth factor agents and their development: therapeutic implications in ocular diseases. Am J Ophthatmol. 2006a;142:660-668.
    • (2006) Am J Ophthatmol , vol.142 , pp. 660-668
    • Kaiser, P.K.1
  • 46
    • 33747635327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group. Verteporfin therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration: 5-year results of two randomized clinical trials with an open-label extension: TAP report no. 8
    • Kaiser PK; Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group. Verteporfin therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration: 5-year results of two randomized clinical trials with an open-label extension: TAP report no. 8. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2006b;244:1132-1142.
    • (2006) Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol , vol.244 , pp. 1132-1142
    • Kaiser, P.K.1
  • 47
    • 54749143751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgroup analyses of one-year results of the PIER study of ranibizumab in neovascular AMD
    • Presented at: November 11-14, Las Vegas, NV. Abstract PA058. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Kaiser PK, Yue H, Shams N. Subgroup analyses of one-year results of the PIER study of ranibizumab in neovascular AMD. Presented at: American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; November 11-14, 2006c; Las Vegas, NV. Abstract PA058. Available at: http://www.aao.org (accessed April 26, 2007),
    • (2006) American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Kaiser, P.K.1    Yue, H.2    Shams, N.3
  • 48
    • 33847062459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaiser PK, Do DV. Ranibizumab for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Int J Clin Pract. 2DO7;61:501-509.
    • Kaiser PK, Do DV. Ranibizumab for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Int J Clin Pract. 2DO7;61:501-509.
  • 49
    • 34748844162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MARINA Study Group. Angiographic and optical coherence tomographic results of the MARINA study of ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Kaiser PK, Blodi BA, Shapiro H, Acharya NR; MARINA Study Group. Angiographic and optical coherence tomographic results of the MARINA study of ranibizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:1868-1875.
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 1868-1875
    • Kaiser, P.K.1    Blodi, B.A.2    Shapiro, H.3    Acharya, N.R.4
  • 50
    • 36049042661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant of mitochondrial protein LOC387715/ARMS2, not HTRA1, is strongly associated with age-related macular degeneration
    • Kanda A, Chen W, Othman M, et al. A variant of mitochondrial protein LOC387715/ARMS2, not HTRA1, is strongly associated with age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007:104:16227-16232.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 16227-16232
    • Kanda, A.1    Chen, W.2    Othman, M.3
  • 51
    • 0345701378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta irradiation: New uses for an old treatment: a review
    • Kirwan JF, Constable PH, Murdoch IE, Khaw PT. Beta irradiation: new uses for an old treatment: a review. Eye, 2003;17:207-215.
    • (2003) Eye , vol.17 , pp. 207-215
    • Kirwan, J.F.1    Constable, P.H.2    Murdoch, I.E.3    Khaw, P.T.4
  • 52
    • 0026681119 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study
    • Klein R, Klein BE, Linton KL. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:933-943.
    • (1992) Ophthalmology , vol.99 , pp. 933-943
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Linton, K.L.3
  • 53
    • 1542297335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of age-reiated macular degeneration
    • Klein R, Peto T, Bird A, Vannewkirk MR. The epidemiology of age-reiated macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;137:486-495.
    • (2004) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.137 , pp. 486-495
    • Klein, R.1    Peto, T.2    Bird, A.3    Vannewkirk, M.R.4
  • 55
    • 0036129304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of experimental choroidal neovascularization with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody fragment
    • Krzystolik MG, Afshari MA, Adamis AP, et al. Prevention of experimental choroidal neovascularization with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody fragment. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002; 120:338-346.
    • (2002) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.120 , pp. 338-346
    • Krzystolik, M.G.1    Afshari, M.A.2    Adamis, A.P.3
  • 56
    • 17144381225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene discovery provides clues to cause of age-related macular degeneration
    • Kuehn BM. Gene discovery provides clues to cause of age-related macular degeneration, JAMA. 2005;293:1841-1845.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1841-1845
    • Kuehn, B.M.1
  • 57
    • 0029831672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subfoveal fibrovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration express vascular endothelial growth factor
    • Kvanta A, Algvere PV, Berglin L, Seregard S. Subfoveal fibrovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration express vascular endothelial growth factor. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996;37:1929-1934.
    • (1996) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.37 , pp. 1929-1934
    • Kvanta, A.1    Algvere, P.V.2    Berglin, L.3    Seregard, S.4
  • 58
    • 54749107361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lanzetta P; FOCUS Study Group. Combination intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg and verteporfin PDT versus verteporfin PDT alone in the FOCUS study of neovascutar age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2869. Available at: http://www.arvo,org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • Lanzetta P; FOCUS Study Group. Combination intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg and verteporfin PDT versus verteporfin PDT alone in the FOCUS study of neovascutar age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2869. Available at: http://www.arvo,org (accessed April 26, 2007).
  • 59
    • 33846961100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correspondence: Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Liew G, Mitchell P. Correspondence: Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:747-748.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 747-748
    • Liew, G.1    Mitchell, P.2
  • 60
    • 20144372969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic bevacizumab (Avastin) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration twelve-week results of an uncontrolled open-label clinical study
    • Michels S, Rosenfeld PJ, Puliafito CA, Marcus EN, Venkatraman AS. Systemic bevacizumab (Avastin) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration twelve-week results of an uncontrolled open-label clinical study. Ophthalmology. 2005;112:1035-1047.
    • (2005) Ophthalmology , vol.112 , pp. 1035-1047
    • Michels, S.1    Rosenfeld, P.J.2    Puliafito, C.A.3    Marcus, E.N.4    Venkatraman, A.S.5
  • 61
    • 0032864292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of the intraocular tissue distribution, pharmacokinetics, and safety of 1251-labeled full-length and Fab antibodies in rhesus monkeys following intravitreal administration
    • Mordenti J, Cuthbertson RA, Ferrara N, et al. Comparisons of the intraocular tissue distribution, pharmacokinetics, and safety of 1251-labeled full-length and Fab antibodies in rhesus monkeys following intravitreal administration. Toxicol Pathol. 1999;27:536-544.
    • (1999) Toxicol Pathol , vol.27 , pp. 536-544
    • Mordenti, J.1    Cuthbertson, R.A.2    Ferrara, N.3
  • 62
    • 34249101587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related macular degeneration and recent developments: New hope for old eyes?
    • Morris B, Imrie F, Armbrecht AM, Dhillon B. Age-related macular degeneration and recent developments: new hope for old eyes? Postgrad Med J. 2007;83:301-307.
    • (2007) Postgrad Med J , vol.83 , pp. 301-307
    • Morris, B.1    Imrie, F.2    Armbrecht, A.M.3    Dhillon, B.4
  • 63
    • 33947128185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of genetic factors and inflammation in age-related macular degeneration
    • Moshfeghi DM, Blumenkranz MS. Role of genetic factors and inflammation in age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2007;27:269-275.
    • (2007) Retina , vol.27 , pp. 269-275
    • Moshfeghi, D.M.1    Blumenkranz, M.S.2
  • 64
    • 0025776268 scopus 로고
    • Subfoveal neovascular lesions in age-related macular degeneration: Guidelines for evaluation and treatment in the macular photoccagulation study
    • MPS Macular Photocoagulation Study Group
    • MPS (Macular Photocoagulation Study Group). Subfoveal neovascular lesions in age-related macular degeneration: guidelines for evaluation and treatment in the macular photoccagulation study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:1242-1257.
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , pp. 1242-1257
  • 65
    • 0034012166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mullins RF, Russell SR, Anderson DH, Hageman GS. Drusen associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration contain proteins common to extracellular deposits associated with atherosclerosis, elastosis, amyloidosis, and dense deposit disease. FASEB J. 2000;14:835--846.
    • Mullins RF, Russell SR, Anderson DH, Hageman GS. Drusen associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration contain proteins common to extracellular deposits associated with atherosclerosis, elastosis, amyloidosis, and dense deposit disease. FASEB J. 2000;14:835--846.
  • 66
    • 33746373850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Pathogenesis and therapy
    • Nowak JZ. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): pathogenesis and therapy. Pharmacol Rep. 2006;58:353-363.
    • (2006) Pharmacol Rep , vol.58 , pp. 353-363
    • Nowak, J.Z.1
  • 67
    • 0029018364 scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by retinal cells is a common factor in neovascularizing ocular diseases
    • Pe'er J, Shweiki D, Itin A, Hemo I, Gnessin H, Keshet E. Hypoxia-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by retinal cells is a common factor in neovascularizing ocular diseases. Lab Invest. 1995;72:638-645.
    • (1995) Lab Invest , vol.72 , pp. 638-645
    • Pe'er, J.1    Shweiki, D.2    Itin, A.3    Hemo, I.4    Gnessin, H.5    Keshet, E.6
  • 68
    • 84894852143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National health interview survey, 2005
    • Available at:, accessed July 10, 2007
    • Pleis JR, Lethbridge-Çejku M. Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: national health interview survey, 2005. National Center for Health Statistics; 2006. Vital Health Stat series 10 number 232. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov (accessed July 10, 2007),
    • National Center for Health Statistics; 2006. Vital Health Stat series , vol.10 , Issue.232
    • Pleis, J.R.1    Lethbridge-Çejku, M.2
  • 69
    • 34548324016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab (Lucentis) versus bevacizumab (Avastin): Modelling cost effectiveness
    • Raftery J, Clegg A, Jones J, Lotery A. Ranibizumab (Lucentis) versus bevacizumab (Avastin): modelling cost effectiveness. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007;91:1244-1246.
    • (2007) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.91 , pp. 1244-1246
    • Raftery, J.1    Clegg, A.2    Jones, J.3    Lotery, A.4
  • 70
    • 23044505200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Moshfeghi AA, Puliafito CA. Optical coherence tomography findings after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2005;36:331-335.
    • (2005) Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging , vol.36 , pp. 331-335
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Moshfeghi, A.A.2    Puliafito, C.A.3
  • 71
    • 33749445317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MARINA Study Group. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Heier JS, et al; MARINA Study Group. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006a;355:1419-1431.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1419-1431
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Brown, D.M.2    Heier, J.S.3
  • 72
    • 67649317616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual acuity outcomes following a variable-dosing regimen for ranibizumab (LucentiS™) in neovascular AMD: The PrONTO study
    • Presented at: April 30-May 4, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2958. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Fung AE, Lalwani GA, et al. Visual acuity outcomes following a variable-dosing regimen for ranibizumab (LucentiS™) in neovascular AMD: the PrONTO study. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; April 30-May 4, 2006b; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2958. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (2006) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Fung, A.E.2    Lalwani, G.A.3
  • 73
    • 33847006246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study Groups. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Schneider, S; MARINA and ANCHOR Study Groups. Ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:749-750.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 749-750
    • Rosenfeld, P.J.1    Brown, D.M.2    Schneider, S.3    MARINA4    ANCHOR5
  • 75
    • 34247230252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy and high-dose intravitreal triamcinolone to treat exudative age-related macular degeneration: 2-year outcome
    • Ruiz-Moreno JM, Montero JA, Zarbin MA. Photodynamic therapy and high-dose intravitreal triamcinolone to treat exudative age-related macular degeneration: 2-year outcome. Retina. 2007;27:458-461.
    • (2007) Retina , vol.27 , pp. 458-461
    • Ruiz-Moreno, J.M.1    Montero, J.A.2    Zarbin, M.A.3
  • 76
    • 0033968180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Location, substructure, and composition of basal laminar drusen compared with drusen associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration
    • Russell SR, Mullins RF, Schneider BL, Hageman GS. Location, substructure, and composition of basal laminar drusen compared with drusen associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000;129:205-214.
    • (2000) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.129 , pp. 205-214
    • Russell, S.R.1    Mullins, R.F.2    Schneider, B.L.3    Hageman, G.S.4
  • 77
    • 34248522853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. The relationship of dietary lipid intake and age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 20
    • SanGiovanni JP, Chew EY, Clemons TE, et al; Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. The relationship of dietary lipid intake and age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 20. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007;125:671-679.
    • (2007) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.125 , pp. 671-679
    • SanGiovanni, J.P.1    Chew, E.Y.2    Clemons, T.E.3
  • 78
    • 0031740399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of nicotine and cotinine on retinal phospholipase A2 and its significance to macular function
    • Sastry BV, Hemontolor ME. Influence of nicotine and cotinine on retinal phospholipase A2 and its significance to macular function. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 1998;14:447-458,
    • (1998) J Ocul Pharmacol Ther , vol.14 , pp. 447-458
    • Sastry, B.V.1    Hemontolor, M.E.2
  • 79
    • 33646070308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking strongly modifies the association of LOC387715 and age-related macular degeneration
    • Schmidt S, Hauser MA, Scott WK, et al, Cigarette smoking strongly modifies the association of LOC387715 and age-related macular degeneration. Am J Hum Genet. 2006;76:852-864.
    • (2006) Am J Hum Genet , vol.76 , pp. 852-864
    • Schmidt, S.1    Hauser, M.A.2    Scott, W.K.3
  • 80
    • 33750962637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PROTECT Study Group. Preliminary results from an open-label, multicenter, phase II study assessing the effects of same-day administration of ranibizumab (Lucentis™) and verteporfin PDT (PROTECT Study)
    • Presented at: April 30-May 4, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2960. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Schmidt-Erfurth UM, Gabel P, Hohman T, PROTECT Study Group. Preliminary results from an open-label, multicenter, phase II study assessing the effects of same-day administration of ranibizumab (Lucentis™) and verteporfin PDT (PROTECT Study). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; April 30-May 4, 2006; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 2960. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (2006) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Schmidt-Erfurth, U.M.1    Gabel, P.2    Hohman, T.3
  • 81
    • 54749152583 scopus 로고
    • Patient-reported visual function over 24 months in predominantly classic neovascular AMD: Results from ANCHOR, a phase III trial of ranibizumab and verteporfin PDT
    • Presented at:, Abstract, Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Schwartz SG, Bressler NM, Fine JT, et al. Patient-reported visual function over 24 months in predominantly classic neovascular AMD: results from ANCHOR, a phase III trial of ranibizumab and verteporfin PDT. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FIL. Abstract 1822. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (1822) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FIL
    • Schwartz, S.G.1    Bressler, N.M.2    Fine, J.T.3
  • 82
    • 33646464758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic and retinal penetration studies following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avartin)
    • Shahar J, Avery RL, Heilweil G, et al. Electrophysiologic and retinal penetration studies following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avartin). Retina. 2006;26:262-269.
    • (2006) Retina , vol.26 , pp. 262-269
    • Shahar, J.1    Avery, R.L.2    Heilweil, G.3
  • 83
    • 29644440836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anecortave Acetate Clinical Study Group. Anecortave acetate (15 milligrams) versus photodynamic therapy for treatment of subfoveal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration
    • Slakter JS, Bochow TW, D'Amico DJ, et al; Anecortave Acetate Clinical Study Group. Anecortave acetate (15 milligrams) versus photodynamic therapy for treatment of subfoveal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2006;113:3-13.
    • (2006) Ophthalmology , vol.113 , pp. 3-13
    • Slakter, J.S.1    Bochow, T.W.2    D'Amico, D.J.3
  • 84
    • 33745091547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal bevacizumab treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration
    • Spaide RF, Laud K, Fine HF, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2006;26:383-390.
    • (2006) Retina , vol.26 , pp. 383-390
    • Spaide, R.F.1    Laud, K.2    Fine, H.F.3
  • 85
    • 33749426139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The price of sight--ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and the treatment of macular degeneration
    • Steinbrook R. The price of sight--ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and the treatment of macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2006,355:1409-1412.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1409-1412
    • Steinbrook, R.1
  • 86
    • 33749440615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A very effective treatment for neovascular macular degeneration
    • Stone EM. A very effective treatment for neovascular macular degeneration. N Enql J Med. 2006;355:1493-1495.
    • (2006) N Enql J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1493-1495
    • Stone, E.M.1
  • 87
    • 54749114992 scopus 로고
    • Vision-related function after ranibizumab treatment by better- or worse-seeing eye: 24 month results from MARINA
    • Presented at: May 6-10, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract, Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Suner IJ, Bressler NM, Chang TS, Fine JT, Dolan CM, Ward J. Vision-related function after ranibizumab treatment by better- or worse-seeing eye: 24 month results from MARINA. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; May 6-10, 2007; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 1808. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (1808) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Suner, I.J.1    Bressler, N.M.2    Chang, T.S.3    Fine, J.T.4    Dolan, C.M.5    Ward, J.6
  • 88
    • 0342632445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: One-year results of 2 randomized clinical triats--TAP report
    • TAP (Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy) Study Group
    • TAP (Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy) Study Group. Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: one-year results of 2 randomized clinical triats--TAP report. Arch Ophthalmol. 1999;117:1329-1345.
    • (1999) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.117 , pp. 1329-1345
  • 89
    • 3042662037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for incident age-related macular degeneration: Pooled findings from 3 continents
    • Tomany SC, Wang JJ, Van Leeuwen R, et al. Risk factors for incident age-related macular degeneration: pooled findings from 3 continents. Ophthalmology. 2004;111:1280-1287.
    • (2004) Ophthalmology , vol.111 , pp. 1280-1287
    • Tomany, S.C.1    Wang, J.J.2    Van Leeuwen, R.3
  • 90
    • 0035009086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verteporfin therapy of subfoveal choroical neovascularization in age-reiated macular degeneration: Two-year results of a randomized clinical trial including lesions with occult with no classic choroidal neovascularization--verteporfin in photodynamic therapy
    • VIP (Verteporfin In Photodynamic Therapy) Study Group
    • VIP (Verteporfin In Photodynamic Therapy) Study Group. Verteporfin therapy of subfoveal choroical neovascularization in age-reiated macular degeneration: two-year results of a randomized clinical trial including lesions with occult with no classic choroidal neovascularization--verteporfin in photodynamic therapy report 2. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;131:541-560.
    • (2001) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.131 , pp. 541-560
  • 91
    • 0029935043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are elevated in the vitreous of patients with subretinal neovascularisation
    • Wells JA, Murthy R, Chibber R, et al. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are elevated in the vitreous of patients with subretinal neovascularisation. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80:363-366.
    • (1996) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.80 , pp. 363-366
    • Wells, J.A.1    Murthy, R.2    Chibber, R.3
  • 92
    • 33750938242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PROTECT Study Group. Fluorescein angiographic and OCT results from an open-label, multicenter, phase II study assessing the effects of same-day ranibizurnab (Lucentis™) and verteporfin PDT (Visudyne®)
    • Presented at: April 30-May 4, Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 3542. Available at:, accessed April 26, 2007
    • Wolf S, Gabel R Hohman TC, et al; PROTECT Study Group. Fluorescein angiographic and OCT results from an open-label, multicenter, phase II study assessing the effects of same-day ranibizurnab (Lucentis™) and verteporfin PDT (Visudyne®). Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting; April 30-May 4, 2006; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Abstract 3542. Available at: http://www.arvo.org (accessed April 26, 2007).
    • (2006) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting
    • Wolf, S.1    Gabel, R.2    Hohman, T.C.3
  • 93
    • 33751004690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variant of the HTRA1 gene increases susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration
    • Yang Z, Camp NJ, Sun H, et al. A variant of the HTRA1 gene increases susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration. Science. 2006;314:992-993.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 992-993
    • Yang, Z.1    Camp, N.J.2    Sun, H.3
  • 94
    • 34547764305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic Factors in AMD Study Group. Complement C3 variant and the risk of age-related macular degeneration
    • Yates JR, Sepp T, Matharu BK, et al; Genetic Factors in AMD Study Group. Complement C3 variant and the risk of age-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:553-561.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 553-561
    • Yates, J.R.1    Sepp, T.2    Matharu, B.K.3
  • 95
    • 33750814597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement activation by photooxidation products of A2E, a lipofuscin constituent of the retinal pigment epithelium
    • Zhou J, Jang YP, Kim SR, Sparrow JR. Complement activation by photooxidation products of A2E, a lipofuscin constituent of the retinal pigment epithelium. Proc Natt Acad Sci USA. 2006;103:16182-16187.
    • (2006) Proc Natt Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 16182-16187
    • Zhou, J.1    Jang, Y.P.2    Kim, S.R.3    Sparrow, J.R.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.