Visual and spatial working memory: From boxes to networks

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews

Volumn 32, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1373-1395

  Zimmer, Hubert D ^a  

^a SAARLAND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Anterior posterior working memory network; Corsi task; Episodic buffer; Sensory representation; Spatial working memory; Visual short term memory; Visuo spatial working memory; Working memory for location; Working memory for visual appearance

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION; COGNITION; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; EYE MOVEMENT; HUMAN; IMAGERY; MENTAL FUNCTION; NERVE CELL NETWORK; PARIETAL LOBE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPATIAL MEMORY; VISION; WORKING MEMORY;

ANIMALS; BRAIN MAPPING; CEREBRAL CORTEX; HUMANS; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; SPACE PERCEPTION; VISION, OCULAR; VISUAL PATHWAYS;

EID: 52049119887     PISSN: 01497634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.05.016     Document Type: Review

References (318)

1. Allen R.J., Baddeley A.D., and Hitch G.J. Is the binding of visual features in working memory resource-demanding?. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 135 2 (2006) 298-313
2. Altmann C.F., Bledowski C., Wibral M., and Kaiser J. Processing of location and pattern changes of natural sounds in the human auditory cortex. Neuroimage 35 3 (2007) 1192-1200
3. Alvarez G.A., and Cavanagh P. The capacity of visual short term memory is set both by visual information load and by number of objects. Psychol. Sci. 15 2 (2004) 106-111
4. Amiez C.l., and Petrides M. Selective involvement of the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the coding of the serial order of visual stimuli in working memory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 34 (2007) 13786-13791
5. Andersen R.A., Snyder L.H., Bradley D.C., and Xing J. Multimodal representation of space in the posterior parietal cortex and its use in planning movements. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 20 (1997) 303-330
6. Andrade J., Kemps E., and Werniers Y. Insensitivity of visual short-term memory to irrelevant visual information. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 55A (2002) 753-774
7. Arnott S.R., Grady C.L., Hevenor S.J., Graham S., and Alain C. The functional organization of auditory working memory as revealed by fMRI. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17 5 (2005) 819-831
8. Astafiev S.V., Shulman G.L., Stanley C.M., Snyder A.Z., Van Essen D.C., and Corbetta M. Functional organization of human intraparietal and frontal cortex for attending, looking, and pointing. J. Neurosci. 23 11 (2003) 4689-4699
9. Avons S.E., and Sestieri C. Dynamic visual noise: no interference with visual short-term memory or the construction of visual images. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 17 3 (2005) 405-424
10. Awh E., Anllo-Vento L., and Hillyard S.A. The role of spatial selective attention in working memory for locations: evidence from event-related potentials. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12 (2000) 840-847
11. Awh E., Armstrong K., and Moore T. Visual and oculomotor selection: links causes and implications for spatial attention. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 10 3 (2006) 124-130
12. Awh E., Barton B., and Vogel E.K. Visual working memory represents a fixed number of items regardless of complexity. Psychol. Sci. 18 7 (2007) 622-628
13. Awh E., and Jonides J. Overlapping mechanisms of attention and spatial working memory. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 5 (2001) 119-126
14. Awh E., Jonides J., and Reuter-Lorenz P.A. Rehearsal in spatial working memory. J. Exp. Psychol.: Hum. Percept. Perform. 24 (1998) 780-790
15. Baddeley A.D. The Psychology of Memory (1976), Basic Books, New York
16. Baddeley A.D. Working Memory (1986), Oxford University, Oxford
17. Baddeley A.D. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 4 (2000) 417-423
18. Baddeley A.D. Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 4 (2003) 829-839
19. Baddeley A.D., Cocchini G., Della Sala S., Logie R.H., and Spinnler H. Working memory and vigilance: evidence from normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. Brain Cogn. 41 October (1) (1999) 87-108
20. Baddeley A.D., and Hitch G. Working memory. In: Bower G.A. (Ed). Recent Advances in Learning and Motivation vol. 8 (1974), Academic Press, New York 47-90
21. Baddeley A.D., and Lieberman K. Spatial working memory. In: Nickerson R. (Ed). Attention and Performance, vol. VIII (1980), Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale 521-539
22. Berch D.B., Krikorian R., and Huha E.M. The Corsi block-tapping task: methodological and theoretical considerations. Brain Cogn. 38 (1998) 317-338
23. Bisley J.W., and Goldberg M.E. Neuronal activity in the lateral intraparietal area and spatial attention. Science 299 5603 (2003) 81-86
24. Bledowski C., Cohen Kadosh K., Wibral M., Rahm B., Bittner R.A., Hoechstetter K., et al. Mental chronometry of working memory retrieval: a combined functional magnetic resonance imaging and event-related potentials approach. J. Neurosci. 26 3 (2006) 821-829
25. Bor D., Duncan J., and Owen A.M. The role of spatial configuration in tests of working memory explored with functional neuroimaging. Scand. J. Psychol. 42 3 (2001) 217
26. Bor D., Duncan J., Wiseman R.J., and Owen A.M. Encoding strategies dissociate prefrontal activity from working memory demand. Neuron 37 2 (2003) 361
27. Bor D., and Owen A.M. Working memory: linking capacity with selectivity. Curr. Biol. 16 4 (2006) 136-138
28. Bosch V., Mecklinger A., and Friederici A.D. Slow cortical potentials during retention of object, spatial, and verbal information. Cogn. Brain Res. 10 (2001) 219-237
29. Brown M.R.G., DeSouza J.F.X., Goltz H.C., Ford K., Menon R.S., Goodale M.A., et al. Comparison of memory- and visually guided saccades using event-related fMRI. J. Neurophysiol. 91 2 (2004) 873-889
30. Butler T., Imperato-McGinley J., Pan H., Voyer D., Cordero J., Zhu Y.-S., et al. Sex differences in mental rotation: top-down versus bottom-up processing. Neuroimage 32 1 (2006) 445-456
31. Cabeza R. Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe contributions to relational memory in young and older adults. In: Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory: Perspectives From Cognitive Neuroscience (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford 595-626
32. Cant J.S., and Goodale M.A. Attention to form or surface properties modulates different regions of human occipitotemporal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 17 3 (2007) 713-731
33. Carpenter P.A., Just M.A., Keller T.A., Eddy W., and Thulborn K. Graded functional activation in the visuospatial system with the amount of task demand. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 11 1 (1999) 9-24
34. Cavanna A.E., and Trimble M.R. The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates. Brain J. Neurol. 129 3 (2006) 564-583
35. Champod A.S., and Petrides M. Dissociable roles of the posterior parietal and the prefrontal cortex in manipulation and monitoring processes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 37 (2007) 14837-14842
36. Chao L.L., Haxby J.V., and Martin A. Attribute-based neural substrates in temporal cortex for perceiving and knowing about objects. Nat. Neurosci. 2 10 (1999) 913-919
37. Chen D., Eng H.Y., and Jiang Y. Visual working memory for trained and novel polygons. Vis. Cogn. 14 1 (2006) 37-54
38. Clark V.P., Parasuraman R., Keil K., Kulansky R., Fannon S., Maisog J.M., et al. Selective attention to face identity and color studied with fMRI. Hum. Brain Mapp. 5 4 (1997) 293-297
39. Cohen M.S., Kosslyn S.M., Breiter H.C., DiGirolamo G.J., Thompson W.L., Anderson A.K., et al. Changes in cortical activity during mental rotation: a mapping study using functional MRI. Brain 119 (1996) 89-100
40. Constantinidis C., and Steinmetz M.A. Neuronal activity in posterior parietal area 7a during the delay periods of a spatial memory task. J. Neurophysiol. 76 2 (1996) 1352-1355
41. Constantinidis C., and Wang X. A neural circuit basis for spatial working memory. Neuroscientist 10 (2004) 553-565
42. Corbetta M., Kincade J.M., and Shulman G.L. Neural systems for visual orienting and their relationships to spatial working memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 14 3 (2002) 508-523
43. Corbetta M., Miezin F.M., Dobmeyer S., and Shulman G.L. Attentional modulation of neural processing of shape, color, and velocity in humans. Science 248 4962 (1990) 1556-1559
44. Cornoldi C., and Vecchi T. Visuo-spatial Working Memory and Individual Differences (2003), Psychology Press, Hove
45. Courtney S.M. Attention and cognitive control as emergent properties of information representation in working memory. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience 4 4 (2004) 501-516
46. Courtney S.M., Petit L., Maisog J.M., Ungerleider L.G., and Haxby J.V. An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex. Science 279 (1998) 1347-1351
47. Cowan N. Evolving conceptions of memory storage, selective attention, and their mutual constraints within the human information-processing system. Psychol. Bull. 104 (1988) 163-191
48. Cowan N. Attention and Memory: An Integrated Framework (1995), Oxford University Press, New York
49. Cowan N. An Embedded-Processes Model of Working Memory (1999), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
50. Cowan N. The magical number 4 in short-term memory: a reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behav. Brain Sci. 24 1 (2001) 87-185
51. Cowan N., and Morey C. Visual working memory depends an attentional filtering. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 10 (2006) 139-141
52. Culham J.C., Brandt S.A., Cavanagh P., Kanwisher N.G., Dale A.M., and Tootell R.B.H. Cortical fMRI activation produced by attentive tracking of moving targets. J. Neurophysiol. 80 5 (1998) 2657-2670
53. Curtis C.E. Prefrontal and parietal contributions to spatial working memory. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 173-180
54. Curtis C.E., and D'Esposito M. Persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex during working memory. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 7 9 (2003) 415-423
55. Curtis C.E., Rao V.Y., and D'Esposito M. Maintenance of spatial and motor codes during oculomotor delayed response tasks. J. Neurosci. 24 16 (2004) 3944-3952
56. Curtis C.E., Sun F.T., Miller L.M., and D'Esposito M. Coherence between fMRI time-series distinguishes two spatial working memory networks. Neuroimage 26 1 (2005) 177-183
57. D'Esposito M., Aguirre G.K., Zarahn E., Ballard D., Shin R.K., and Lease J. Functional MRI studies of spatial and nonspatial working memory. Cogn. Brain Res. 7 (1998) 1-13
58. D'Esposito M., Detre J.A., Aguirre G.K., Stallcup M., Alsop D.C., Tippet L.J., et al. A functional MRI study of mental image generation. Neuropsychologia 35 5 (1997) 725-730
59. D'Esposito M., Postle B.R., Ballard D., and Lease J. Maintenance versus manipulation of information held in working memory: an event-releted fMRI study. Brain Cogn. 41 (1999) 66-86
60. De Beni R., and Moé A. Imagery and rehearsal as study strategies for written or orally presented passages. Psychon. B Rev. 10 4 (2003) 975-980
61. De Beni R., Moè A., and Cornoldi C. Learning from texts or lectures: loci mnemonics can interfere with reading but not with listening. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 9 4 (1997) 401-415
62. De Beni R., Pazzaglia F., Gyselinck V., and Meneghetti C. Visuospatial working memory and mental representation of spatial descriptions. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 17 1 (2005) 77-95
63. Decety J., and Grèzes J. Neural mechanisms subserving the perception of human actions. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 3 (1999) 172-178
64. Dechent P., Merboldt K.-D., and Frahm J. Is the human primary motor cortex involved in motor imagery?. Cogn. Brain Res. 19 (2004) 138-144
65. Della Sala S., Gray C., Baddeley A.D., Allamano N., and Wilson L. Pattern span: a tool for unwelding visuo-spatial memory. Neuropsychologia 37 10 (1999) 1189-1199
66. Delvenne J.-F., and Bruyer R. Does visual short-term memory store bound features?. Vis. Cogn. 11 1 (2004) 1-27
67. Delvenne J.-F., and Bruyer R. A configural effect in visual short-term memory for features from different parts of an object. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 59 9 (2006) 1567-1580
68. Denis M., and Zimmer H.D. Analog properties of cognitive maps constructed from verbal descriptions. Psychol. Res. 54 (1992) 286-298
69. Deouell L.Y., Heller A.S., Malach R., D'Esposito M., and Knight R.T. Cerebral responses to change in spatial location of unattended sounds. Neuron 55 6 (2007) 985-996
70. Druzgal T.J., and D'Esposito M. Dissecting contributions of prefrontal cortex and fusiform face area to face working memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15 6 (2003) 771-784
71. In: Duncan J. (Ed). Selective Attention in Distributed Brain Systems (2004), Guilford Press, New York, NY, US
72. Ecker U.K.H., Groh-Bordin C., and Zimmer H.D. Electrophysiological correlates of specific feature binding in remembering-introducing a neurocognitive model of human memory. In: Mecklinger A., Zimmer H.D., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Bound in Memory: Insights from Behavioral and Neuropsychological Studies (2004), Shaker, Aachen 159-193
73. Ecker U.K.H., Zimmer H.D., and Groh-Bordin C. The influence of object and background color manipulations on the electrophysiological indices of recognition memory. Brain Res. 1185 (2007) 221-230
74. Eddy J.K., and Glass A.L. Reading and listening to high and low imagery sentences. J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav. 20 (1981) 333-345
75. Elliott R., and Dolan R.J. The neural response in short-term visual recognition memory for perceptual conjunctions. Neuroimage 7 (1998) 14-22
76. Eng H.Y., Chen D., and Jiang Y. Visual working memory for simple and complex visual stimuli. Psychon. B Rev. 12 6 (2005) 1127-1133
77. Engle R.W. Working memory capacity as executive attention. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 11 1 (2002) 19-23
78. Engle R.W., Tuholski S.W., Laughlin J.E., and Conway A.R.A. Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent variable approach. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 128 (1999) 309-331
79. Farah M. The neural basis of mental imagery. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 12 10 (1989) 395-399
80. Fiore S.M., and Schooler J.W. How did you get here from there? Verbal overshadowing of spatial mental models. Appl. Cogn. Psychol. 16 (2002) 897-910
81. Fisk J.E., and Sharp C.A. The role of the executive system in visuo-spatial memory functioning. Brain Cogn. 52 3 (2003) 364
82. Fletcher P.C., Shallice T., Frith C.D., Frackowiak R.S., and Dolan R.J. Brain activity during memory retrieval. The influence of imagery and semantic cueing. Brain J. Neurol. 119 Pt 5 (1996) 1587-1596
83. Formisano E., Linden D.E., Di Salle F., Trojano L., Esposito F., Sack A.T., et al. Tracking the mind's image in the brain I: time-resolved fMRI during visuospatial mental imagery. Neuron 35 1 (2002) 185-194
84. Friedman-Hill S.R., Robertson L.C., and Treisman A. Parietal contributions to visual feature binding: evidence from a patient with bilateral lesions. Science 269 (1995) 853-855
85. Fuster J.M. Network memory. Trends Neurosci. 20 (1997) 451-459
86. Gajewski D.A., and Brockmole J.R. Feature bindings endure without attention: evidence from an explicit recall task. Psychon. B Rev. 13 4 (2006) 581-587
87. Garner W.R. The Processing of Information and Structure (1974), Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale
88. Garoff R.J., Slotnick S.D., and Schacter D.L. The neural origins of specific and general memory: the role of the fusiform cortex. Neuropsychologia 43 6 (2005) 847-859
89. Gauthier I., Hayword W.G., Tarr M.J., Anderson A.W., Skudlarski P., and Gore J.C. BOLD activity during mental rotation and viewpoint-dependent object recognition. Neuron 34 (2002) 161-171
90. Gevins A., and Smith M.E. Neurophysiological measures of working memory and individual differences in cognitive ability and cognitive style. Cereb. Cortex 10 9 (2000) 829-839
91. Gevins A., Smith M.E., McEvoy L., and Yu D. High-resolution EEG mapping of cortical activation related to working memory: effects of task difficulty, type of processing, and practice. Cereb. Cortex 7 4 (1997) 374-385
92. Ghaem O., Mellet E., Crivello F., Tzourio N., Mazoyer B., Berthoz A., et al. Mental navigation along memorized routes activates the hippocampus, precuneus, and insula. Neuroreport 8 (1997) 739-744
93. Glass A.L., Millen D.R., Beck L.J., and Eddy J.K. Representation of images in sentence verification. Mem. Lang. 24 (1985) 442-466
94. Glenberg A.M., and McDaniel M.A. Mental models, pictures, and text: integration of spatial and verbal information. Mem. Cognit. 20 (1992) 458-460
95. Goebel R., Khorram-Sefat D., Muckli L., Hacker H., and Singer W. The constructive nature of vision: direct evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of apparent motion and motion imagery. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10 5 (1998) 1563-1573
96. Goodale M.A., and Humphrey G.K. The objects of action and perception. Cognition 67 (1998) 181-207
97. Goodale M.A., Jakobson L.S., and Keillor J.M. Differences in the visual control of pantomimed and natural grasping movements. Neuropsychologia 32 10 (1994) 1159-1178
98. Goodale M.A., Meenan J.P., Bülthoff H.H., Nicolle D.A., Murphy K.J., and Racicot C.I. Separate neural pathways for the visual analysis of object shape in perception and prehension. Curr. Biol. 4 (1994) 604-610
99. Goodale M.A., and Milner A.D. Separate visual pathways for perception and action. Trends Neurosci. 15 (1992) 20-25
100. Goodale M.A., and Westwood D.A. An evolving view of duplex vision: separate but interacting cortical pathways for perception and action. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 14 (2004) 203-211
101. Gray J.R., and Thompson P.M. Neurobiology of intelligence: science and ethics. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 6 (2004) 471-482
102. Grefkes C., and Fink G.R. The functional organization of the intraparietal sulcus in humans and monkeys. J. Anat. 207 1 (2005) 3-17
103. Hale S., Myerson J., Rhee S.H., Weiss C.S., and Abrams R.A. Selective interference with the maintenance of location information in working memory. Neuropsychology 10 2 (1996) 228-240
104. Halpern A.R., and Zatorre R.J. When that tune runs through your head: a PET investigation of auditory imagery for familiar melodies. Cereb. Cortex 9 7 (1999) 697-704
105. Handy T.C., Miller M.B., Schott B., Shroff N.M., Janata P., van Horn J.D., et al. Visual imagery and memory: do retrieval strategies affect what the mind's eye sees?. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 16 631-652 (2004)
106. Harris I.M., Harris J.A., and Caine D. Mental-rotation deficits following damage to the right basal ganglia. Neuropsychology 16 4 (2002) 524-537
107. Harris I.M., and Miniussi C. Parietal lobe contribution to mental rotation demonstrated with rTMS. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15 3 (2003) 315-323
108. Hautzel H., Mottaghy F.M., Schmidt D., Zemb M., Shah N.J., Müller-Gärtner H.W., et al. Topographic segregation and convergence of verbal, object, shape and spatial working memory in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 323 2 (2002) 156-160
109. Haxby J.V., Horwitz B., Ungerleider L.G., Maisog J.M., Pietrini P., and Grady C.L. The functional organization of human extrastriate cortex: a PET-rCBF study of selective attention to faces and locations. J. Neurosci. 14 (1994) 6336-6353
110. Hecker R., and Mapperson B. Dissociation of visual and spatial processing in working memory. Neuropsychologia 35 (1997) 599-603
111. Hegarty M., and Just M.A. Constructing mental models of machines from text and diagrams. J. Mem. Lang. 32 6 (1993) 717-742
112. Hegarty M., and Sims V.K. Individual differences in mental animation during mechanical reasoning. Mem. Cognit. 22 (1994) 411-430
113. Heil M. The functional significance of ERP effects during mental rotation. Psychophysiology 39 (2002) 535-545
114. Heil M., Bajric J., Rösler F., and Hennighausen E. Event-related potentials during mental rotation: disentangling the contributions of character classification and image transformation. J. Psychophysiol. 10 (1996) 326-335
115. Heitz R.P., Schrock J.C., Payne T.W., and Engle R.W. Effects of incentive on working memory capacity: behavioral and pupillometric data. Psychophysiology 45 1 (2008) 119-129
116. Henson R. Neural working memory. In: Andrade J. (Ed). Working Memory in Perspective (2001), Psychology Press, Hove 151-174
117. Hollingworth A. Constructing visual representations of natural scenes: the roles of short- and long-term visual memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 30 3 (2004) 519-537
118. Hollingworth A., Richard A.M., and Luck S.J. Understanding the function of visual short-term memory: transsaccadic memory, object correspondence, and gaze correction. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 137 1 (2008) 163-181
119. Hyun J.-S., and Luck S.J. Visual working memory as the substrate for mental rotation. Psychon. B. Rev. 14 1 (2007) 154-158
120. Ikeda T., and Osaka N. How are colors memorized in working memory? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroreport 18 2 (2007) 111-114
121. Ishai A., Haxby J.V., and Ungerleider L.G. Visual imagery of famous faces: effects of memory and attention revealed by fMRI. Neuroimage 17 4 (2002) 1729
122. Ishai A., Ungerleider L.G., and Haxby J.V. Distributed neural systems for the generation of visual images. Neuron 28 3 (2000) 979-990
123. Ishai A., Ungerleider L.G., Martin A., Schouten J.L., and Haxby J.V. Distributed representation of objects in the human ventral visual pathway. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1999) 9379-9384
124. James T.W., Culham J., Humphrey G.K., Milner A.D., and Goodale M.A. Ventral occipital lesions impair object recognition but not object-directed grasping: an fMRI study. Brain J. Neurol. 126 11 (2003) 2463-2475
125. Jeannerod M. Neural simulation of action: a unifying mechanism for motor cognition. Neuroimage 14 (2001) 103-109
126. Jiang Y., Chun M.M., and Olson I.R. Perceptual grouping in change detection. Percept. Psychophysiol. 66 3 (2004) 446-453
127. Jiang Y., Olson I.R., and Chun M.M. Organization of visual short-term memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 26 3 (2000) 683-702
128. Jiang Y., and Wagner L.C. What is learned in spatial contextual cuing-configuration or individual locations?. Percept. Psychophysiol. 66 3 (2004) 454-463
129. Johansson G. Visual perception of biological motion and a model for its analysis. Percept. Psychophysiol. 14 (1973) 201-211
130. Johnson M.K., Mitchell K.J., Raye C.L., and Greene E.J. An age-related deficit in prefrontal cortical function associated with refreshing information. Psychol. Sci. 15 (2004) 127-132
131. Johnston S., Leek E.C., Atherton C., Thacker N., and Jackson A. Functional contribution of medial premotor cortex to visuo-spatial transformation in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 355 3 (2004) 209-212
132. Jones D.M. Objects, streams, and threads of auditory attention. In: Baddeley A.D., and Weiskrantz L. (Eds). Attention: Selection, Awareness, and Control: A Tribute to Donald Broadbent (1993), Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA 87-104
133. Jones D.M., Farrand P., Stuart G., and Morris N. Functional equivalence of verbal and spatial information in serial short-term memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 21 (1995) 1008-1018
134. Jones D.M., Madden C., and Miles C. Privileged access by irrelevant speech to short-term memory: the role of changing state. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A Hum. Exp. Psychol. 44 4 (1992) 645-669
135. Jonides J., Lacey S.C., and Nee D.E. Processes of working memory in mind and brain. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 14 1 (2005) 2-5
136. Jonides J., Smith E.E., Koeppe R.A., Awh E., Minoshima S., and Mintun M.A. Spatial working memory in humans as revealed by PET. Nature 363 6430 (1993) 623-625
137. Jordan K., Heinze H.J., Lutz K., Kanowski M., and Jäncke L. Cortical activations during the mental rotation of different visual objects. Neuroimage 13 (2001) 143-152
138. Just M.A., Carpenter P.A., Maguire M., Diwadkar V., and McMains S. Mental rotation of objects retrieved from memory: a functional MRI study of spatial processing. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130 3 (2001) 493-504
139. Just M.A., Newman S.D., Keller T.A., McEleney A., and Carpenter P.A. Imagery in sentence comprehension: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 21 (2004) 112-124
140. Kane M.J., Bleckley M.K., Conway A.R.A., and Engle R.W. A controlled-attention view of working-memory capacity. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130 2 (2001) 169-183
141. Kanwisher N.G., and Wojciulik E. Visual attention: insights from brain imaging. Neuroscience 1 (2000) 91-100
142. Kessler K., and Kiefer M. Disturbing visual working memory: electrophysiological evidence for a role of the prefrontal cortex in recovery from interference. Cereb. Cortex 15 7 (2005) 1075-1087
143. Khader P., Heil M., and Rösler F. Material-specific long-term memory representations of faces and spatial positions: evidence from slow event-related brain potentials. Neuropsychologia 43 14 (2005) 2109-2124
144. Klauer K.C., and Stegmaier R. Interference in immediate spatial memory: shifts of spatial attention or central-executive involvement?. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 50 (1997) 79-99
145. Klauer K.C., and Zhao Z. Double dissociations in visual and spatial short-term memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 133 (2003) 355-381
146. Klaver P., Talsma D., Wijers A.A., Heinze H.J., and Mulder G. An event-related brain potential correlate of visual short-term memory. Neuroreport 10 10 (1999) 2001-2005
147. Knauff M., Fangmeier T., Ruff C.C., and Johnson-Laird P.N. Reasoning, models, and images: behavioral measures and cortical activity. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15 4 (2003) 559-573
148. Knauff M., Kassubek J., Mulack T., and Greenlee M.W. Cortical activation evoked by visual mental imagery as measured by fMRI. Neuroreport 11 (2000) 3957-3962
149. Knauff M., Mulack T., Kassubek J., Salih H.R., and Greenlee M.W. Spatial imagery in deductive reasoning: a functional MRI study. Brain Res. Cognit. Brain Res. 13 2 (2002) 203-212
150. Knowlton B.J., and Squire L.R. Mnemonic binding in the medial temporal lobe. In: Zimmerman G.J., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford 493-516
151. Koch G., Oliveri M., Torriero S., Carlesimo G.A., Turriziani P., and Caltagirone C. rTMS evidence of different delay and decision processes in a fronto-parietal neuronal network activated during spatial working memory. Neuroimage 24 1 (2005) 34-39
152. Koshino H., Carpenter P.A., Keller T.A., and Just M.A. Interactions between the dorsal and the ventral pathways in mental rotation: an fMRI study. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 5 1 (2005) 54-66
153. Kosslyn S.M. Image and Mind (1980), Harvard University, Cambridge
154. Kosslyn S.M. Image and Brain. The Resolution of the Imagery Debate (1994), MIT Press, Cambridge
155. Kosslyn S.M., Alpert N.M., Thompson W.L., Maljkovic V., et al. Visual mental imagery activates topographically organized visual cortex: PET investigations. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 5 3 (1993) 263-287
156. Kosslyn S.M., Pascual-Leone A., Felician O., Camposano S., Keenan J.P., Thompson W.L., et al. The role of area 17 in visual imagery: convergent evidence from PET and rTMS. Science 284 167-170 (1999)
157. Kosslyn S.M., and Thompson W.L. When is early visual cortex activated during visual mental imagery?. Psychol. Bull. 129 (2003) 723-746
158. Kosslyn S.M., Thompson W.L., Wraga M., and Alpert N.M. Imagining rotation by endogenous versus exogenous forces: distinct neural mechanisms. Neuroreport 12 11 (2001) 2519-2525
159. Kruley P., Sciama S.C., and Glenberg A.M. On-line processing of textual illustrations in the visuospatial sketchpad: evidence from dual-task studies. Mem. Cognit. 22 (1994) 261-272
160. Lamm C., Fischmeister F.P.S., and Bauer H. Individual differences in brain activity during visuo-spatial processing assessed by slow cortical potentials and LORETA. Cognitive Brain Res. 25 3 (2005) 900-912
161. Lehnert G., and Zimmer H.D. Auditory and visual spatial working memory. Mem. Cognit. 34 (2006) 1080-1090
162. Lehnert G., and Zimmer H.D. Modality and domain specific components in auditory and visual working memory tasks. Cogn. Process. 9 1 (2008) 53-61
163. Lehnert, G., Zimmer, H.D. Common coding of auditory and visual spatial information in working memory. Brain Res., in press.
164. Logie R.H. Visuo-spatial processing in working memory. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 38A (1986) 229-247
165. Logie R.H. Visuo-spatial Working Memory (1995), Lawrence Erlbaum, Hove
166. Logie R.H. Spatial and visual working memory: a mental workspace. In: Irwin D., and Ross B. (Eds). Cognitive Vision: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation vol. 42 (2003), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 37-78
167. Logie R.H., and Marchetti C. Visuo-spatial working memory: visual, spatial or central executive. In: Logie R.H., and Denis M. (Eds). Mental Images in Human Cognition (1991), North Holland, Amsterdam 105-115
168. Luck S.J., and Vogel E.K. The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature 390 6657 (1997) 279-281
169. Lundstrom B.N., Ingvar M., and Petersson K.M. The role of precuneus and left inferior frontal cortex during source memory episodic retrieval. Neuroimage 27 4 (2005) 824-834
170. Lundstrom B.N., Petersson K.M., Andersson J., Johansson M., Fransson P., and Ingvar M. Isolating the retrieval of imagined pictures during episodic memory: activation of the left precuneus and left prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage 20 4 (2003) 1934-1943
171. Marshall S.P., Davis C.L., and Knust S.R. The Index of Cognitive Activity: Estimating Cognitive Effort from Pupil Dilation (2004), San Diego State University and Eye Tracking Inc., San Diego
172. Marshuetz C., Reuter-Lorenz P.A., Smith E.E., Jonides J., and Noll D.C. Working memory for order and the parietal cortex: an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 311-316
173. Mazard A., Tzourio-Mazoyer N., and Crivello F. A PET meta-analysis of object and spatial mental imagery. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 16 (2004) 673-695
174. McCollough A.W., Machizawa M.G., and Vogel E.K. Electrophysiological measures of maintaining representations in visual working memory. Cortex 43 1 (2007) 77-94
175. McConnell J., and Quinn J.G. Interference at the encoding and maintenance of visual information. Psychologische Beitrage 38 3 (1996) 343-354
176. McConnell J., and Quinn J.G. Complexity factors in visuo-spatial working memory. Memory 12 3 (2004) 338-350
177. Mechelli A., Price C.J., Friston K.J., and Ishai A. Where bottom-up meets top-down: neuronal interactions during perception and imagery. Cereb. Cortex 14 (2004) 1256-1265
178. Mecklinger A., and Pfeifer E. Event-related potentials reveal topographical and temporal distinct neuronal activation patterns for spatial and object working memory. Cogn. Brain Res. 4 (1996) 211-224
179. Meeter M., and Murre J.M.J. Tracelink: a model of consolidation and amnesia. Cogn. Neuropsychol. 22 5 (2005) 559-587
180. Mellet E., Bricogne S., Crivello F., Mazoyer B., Denis M., and Tzourio-Mazoyer N. Neural basis of mental scanning of a topographic representation built from a text. Cereb. Cortex 12 12 (2002) 1322-1330
181. Mellet E., Briscogne S., Tzourio-Mazoyer N., Ghaem O., Petit L., Zago L., et al. Neural correlates of topographic mental exploration: the impact of route versus survey perspective learning. Neuroimage 12 5 (2000) 588-600
182. Mellet E., Tzourio-Mazoyer N., Bricogne S., and Mazoyer B. Functional anatomy of high-resolution visual mental imagery. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12 (2000) 98-109
183. Mellet E., Tzourio N., Denis M., and Mazoyer B. A positron emission tomography study of visual and mental spatial exploration. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 7 (1995) 433-445
184. Mellet E., Tzourio N., Denis M., and Mazoyer B. Cortical anatomy of mental imagery of concrete nouns based on their dictionary definition. Neuroreport 9 5 (1998) 803-808
185. Miller E., and Desimone R. Parallel neuronal mechanisms for short-term memory. Science 263 (1994) 520-522
186. Mitchell K.J., Johnson M.K., Raye C.L., and D'Esposito M. fMRI evidence of age-related hippocampal dysfunction in feature binding in working memory. Cogn. Brain Res. 10 (2000) 197-206
187. Mitchell K.J., Johnson M.K., Raye C.L., and Greene E.J. Prefrontal cortex activity associated with source monitoring in a working memory task. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16 6 (2004) 921-934
188. Miyake A., Friedman N.P., Rettinger D.A., Shah P., and Hegarty M. How are visuospatial working memory, executive functioning, and spatial abilities related? A latent-variable analysis. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130 4 (2001) 621-640
189. Mohr H.M., and Linden D.E. Separation of the systems for color and spatial manipulation in working memory revealed by a dual-task procedure. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17 2 (2005) 355-366
190. Moore C.D., Cohen M.X., and Ranganath C. Neural mechanisms of expert skills in visual working memory. J. Neurosci. 26 43 (2006) 11187-11196
191. Munk M.H.J., Linden D.E.J., Muckli L., Lanfermann H., Zanella F., Singer W., et al. Distributed cortical systems in visual short-term memory revealed by event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cereb. Cortex 12 (2002) 866-876
192. Murre J.M.J., Wolters G., and Raffone A. Binding in working memory and long-term memory: towards an integrated model. In: Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory: Perspectives From Cognitive Neuroscience (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford 221-250
193. O'Craven K.M., and Kanwisher N. Mental imagery of faces and places activates corresponding stimulus-specific brain regions. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12 6 (2000) 1013-1023
194. O'Reilly R.C., and Norman K.A. Hippocampal and neocortical contributions to memory: advances in the complementary learning systems framework. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 6 12 (2002) 505-510
195. Oberauer K., and Kliegel R. Beyond resources: formal models of complexity effects and age differences in working memory. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 13 1/2 (2001) 187-216
196. Olesen P.J., Westerberg H., and Klingberg T. Increased prefrontal and parietal activity after training of working memory. Nat. Neurosci. 7 (2004) 75-79
197. Olson I.R., and Jiang Y. Visual short-term memory is not improved by training. Mem. Cognit. 32 (2004) 1326-1332
198. Owen A.M. The functional organization of working memory processes within lateral frontal cortex: the contribution of functional neuroimaging. Eur. J. Neurosci. 9 (1997) 1329-1339
199. Owen A.M., Evans A.C., and Petrides M. Evidence for a two-stage model of spatial working memory processing within the lateral frontal cortex: a positron emission tomography study. Cereb. Cortex 6 1 (1996) 31-38
200. Paivio A. Mental Representations. A Dual Coding Approach (1986), Oxford University, New York
201. Paller K.A. Neurocognitive foundations of human memory. In: Mendin D.L. (Ed). The Psychology of Learning and Motivation vol. 40 (2000), Academic Press, San Diego 121-145
202. Parmentier F.B.R., Andrés P., Elford G., and Jones D.M. Organization of visuo-spatial serial memory: interaction of temporal order with spatial and temporal grouping. Psychol. Res. 70 3 (2006) 200-217
203. Parmentier F.B.R., and Jones D.M. Functional characteristics of auditory temporal-spatial short-term memory: evidence from serial order errors. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 26 (2000) 222-238
204. Parmentier F.B.R., Maybery M.T., and Jones D.M. Temporal grouping in auditory spatial serial memory. Psychon. B Rev. 11 3 (2004) 501-507
205. Passingham D., and Sakai K. The prefrontal cortex and working memory: physiology and brain imaging. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 14 (2004) 163-168
206. Patterson M.D., Bly B.M., Porcelli A.J., and Rypma B. Visual working memory for global, object, and part-based information. Mem. Cognit. 35 4 (2007) 738-751
207. Pearson D.G. Imagery and the visuo-spatial sketchpad. In: Andrade J. (Ed). Working Memory in Perspective (2001), Psychology Press, Hove 33-59
208. Petrides M. Dissociable roles of mid-dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior inferotemporal cortex in visual working memory. J. Neurosci. 20 19 (2000) 7496-7503
209. Petrides M. The mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and active mnemonic retrieval. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 78 3 (2002) 528-538
210. Petrides M. Lateral prefrontal cortex: architectonic and functional organization. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Series B Biol. Sci. 360 1456 (2005) 781-795
211. Piekema C., Kessels R.P.C., Mars R.B., Petersson K.M., and Fernández G. The right hippocampus participates in short-term maintenance of object-location associates. Neuroimage 33 1 (2006) 374-382
212. Postle B.R. Working memory as an emergent property of the mind and brain. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 23-38
213. Postle B.R., Berger J.S., Taich A.M., and D'Esposito M. Activity in human frontal cortex associated with spatial working memory and saccadic behavior. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12 (2000) 2-14
214. Postle B.R., and D'Esposito M. "What"- then "Where" in visual working memory: an event-related fMRI study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 11 6 (1999) 585-597
215. Postle B.R., Druzgal T.J., and D'Espositio M. Seeking the neural substrates of visual working memory storage. Cortex 39 (2003) 927-946
216. Postle B.R., Stern C.E., Rosen B.R., and Corkin S. An fMRI investigation of cortical contributions to spatial and nonspatial visual working memory. NeuroImage 11 May (5 Pt 1) (2000) 409-423
217. Postle B.R., Zarahn E., and D'Esposito M. Using event-related fMRI to assess delay-period activity during performance of spatial and nonspatial working memory tasks. Brain Res. Protoc. 5 1 (2000) 57-66
218. Postma A., and De Haan E.H.F. What was where? Memory for object locations. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 49A (1996) 178-199
219. Prabharkan V., Narayanan K., Zhao Z., and Gabrieli J.D.E. Integration of diverse information in working memory within the frontal lobe. Nat. Neurosci. 3 (2000) 85-90
220. Quinn J.G. Movement and visual coding: the structure of visuo-spatial working memory. Cogn. Process. 9 1 (2008) 35-43
221. Quinn J.G., and McConnell J. Irrelevant pictures in visual working memory. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. A 49A (1996) 200-215
222. Quinn J.G., and McConnell J. The interval for interference in conscious visual imagery. Memory 14 2 (2006) 241-252
223. Raffone A., and Wolters G. A cortical mechanism for binding in visual working memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 23 (2001) 766-785
224. Rämä P. Domain-dependent activation during spatial and nonspatial auditory working memory. Cognitive Proc. 9 1 (2008) 29-34
225. Rämä P., Poremba A., Sala J.B., Yee L., Malloy M., Mishkin M., et al. Dissociable functional cortical topographies for working memory maintenance of voice identity and location. Cereb. Cortex 14 (2004) 768-780
226. Ranganath C. Working memory for visual objects: complementary roles of inferior temporal, medial temporal, and prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 139 (2006) 277-289
227. Ranganath C., and Blumenfeld R.S. Doubts about double dissociations between short- and long-term memory. Trends Cogn. Neurosci. 9 8 (2005) 374-380
228. Ranganath C., Cohen M., Dam C., and D'Esposito M. Inferior temporal, prefrontal, and hippocampal contributions to visual working memory maintenance and associative memory retrieval. J. Neurosci. 24 (2004) 3917-3925
229. Ranganath C., Cohen M.X., and Brozinsky C.J. Working memory maintenance contributes to long-term memory formation: neural and behavioral evidence. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17 7 (2005) 994-1010
230. Ranganath C., and D'Esposito M. Directing the mind's eye: prefrontal, inferior and medial temporal mechanisms for visual working memory. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 15 2 (2005) 175-182
231. Ranganath C., DeGutis J., and D'Esposito M. Category-specific modulation of inferior temporal activity during working memory encoding and maintenance. Cogn. Brain Res. 20 (2004) 37-45
232. Raye C.L., Johnson M.K., Mitchell K.J., Reeder J.A., and Green E.J. Neuroimaging a single thought: dorsolateral PFC activity associated with refreshing just-activated information. Neuroimage 15 (2002) 447-453
233. Repovš G., and Baddeley A.D. The multi-component model of working memory: exploration in experimental cognitive psychology. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 5-21
234. Ricciardi E., Bonino D., Gentili C., Sani L., Pietrini P., and Vecchi T. Neural correlates of spatial working memory in humans: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study comparing visual and tactile processes. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 339-349
235. Richter W., Somorjai R., Summers R., Jarmasz M., Menon R.S., Gati J.S., et al. Motor area activity during mental rotation studied by time-resolved single-trial fMRI. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12 2 (2000) 310-320
236. Röder B., Rösler F., and Hennighausen E. Different cortical activation patterns in blind and sighted humans during encoding and transformation of haptic images. Psychophysiology 34 (1997) 292-307
237. Rolke B., Heil M., Hennighausen E., Häussler C., and Rösler F. Topography of brain electrical activity dissociates the sequential order transformation of verbal versus spatial information in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 282 (2000) 81-84
238. Rösler F., Heil M., Bajric J., Pauls A.C., and Hennighausen E. Patterns of cerebral activation while mental images are rotated and changed in size. Psychophysiologie 32 (1995) 135-149
239. Rossi-Arnaud C., Pieroni L., and Baddeley A.D. Symmetry and binding in visuo-spatial working memory. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 393-400
240. Ruchkin D.S., Grafman J., Cameron K., and Berndt R.S. Working memory retention systems: a state of activated long-term memory. Behav. Brain Sci. 26 6 (2003) 709
241. Ruchkin D.S., Johnson Jr. R., Grafman J., Canoune H., and Ritter W. Multiple visuospatial working memory buffers: evidence from spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity. Neuropsychologia 35 2 (1997) 195-209
242. Rudkin S.J., Pearson D.G., and Logie R.H. Executive processes in visual and spatial working memory tasks. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 60 1 (2007) 79-100
243. Ruff C.C., Knauff M., Fangmeier T., and Spreer J. Reasoning and working memory: common and distinct neuronal processes. Neuropsychologia 41 9 (2003) 1241-1253
244. Rypma B. Factors controlling neural activity during delayed-response task performance: testing a memory organization hypothesis of prefrontal function. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 223-235
245. Sack A.T., Sperling J.M., Prvulovic D., Formisano E., Goebel R., Di Salle F., et al. Tracking the mind's image in the brain II: transcranial magnetic stimulation reveals parietal asymmetry in visuospatial imagery. Neuron 35 1 (2002) 195-204
246. Sala J.B., and Courtney S.M. Binding of what and where during working memory maintenance. Cortex 43 1 (2007) 5-21
247. Sala J.B., Rämä P., and Courtney S.M. Functional topography of a distributed neural system for spatial and nonspatial information maintenance in working memory. Neuropsychologia 41 (2003) 341-356
248. Santa J.L. Spatial transformations of words and pictures. J. Exp. Psychol. (Hum. Learn.) 3 (1977) 418-427
249. Saults J.S., and Cowan N. A central capacity limit to the simultaneous storage of visual and auditory arrays in working memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 136 4 (2007) 663-684
250. Scholl B.J. Objects and attention: the state of the art. Cognition 80 1-2 (2001) 1-46
251. Schoppig A., Clarke S., Walsh V., Assal G., Meuli R., and Cowey A. Short-term memory for colour following posterior hemispheric lesions in man. Neuroreport 10 (1999) 1379-1384
252. Shafritz K.M., Gore J.C., and Marois R. The role of the parietal cortex in visual feature binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 16 (2002) 10917-10922
253. Shallice T., Fletcher P., Frith C.D., Grasby P., Frackowiak R.S.J., and Dolan R.J. Brain regions associated with acquisition and retrieval of verbal episodic memory. Lett. Nat. 368 (1994) 633-635
254. Shepard R.N., and Metzler J. Mental rotation of three-dimensional objects. Science 171 (1971) 701-703
255. Shibuya H., and Bundesen C. Visual selection from multielement displays: measuring and modeling effects of exposure duration. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 14 4 (1988) 591-600
256. Simons J.S., and Spiers H.J. Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory. Neuroscience 4 (2003) 637-648
257. Sims V.K., and Hegarty M. Mental animation in the visuospatial sketchpad: evidence from dual-task studies. Mem. Cognit. 25 (1997) 321-333
258. Singhal A., Kaufman L., Valyear K., and Culham J.C. fMRI reactivation of the human lateral occipital complex during delayed actions to remembered objects. Vis. Cogn. 14 1 (2006) 122-125
259. Smith E.E., Jonides J., and Koeppe R.A. Dissociating verbal and spatial working memory using PET. Cereb. Cortex 6 (1996) 11-20
260. Smyth M.M., and Scholey K.A. Interference in immediate spatial memory. Mem. Cognit. 22 (1994) 1-13
261. Song J.-H., and Jiang Y. Visual working memory for simple and complex features: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 30 3 (2006) 963-972
262. Suchan B., Botko R., Gizewski E., Forsting M., and Daum I. Neural substrates of manipulation in visuospatial working memory. Neuroscience 139 1 (2006) 351-357
263. Suzuki W.A., Miller E.K., and Desimone R. Object and place memory in the macaque entorhinal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 78 (1997) 1062-1081
264. Sweeney J.A., Mintun M.A., Kwee S., and Wiseman M.B. Positron emission tomography study of voluntary saccadic eye movements and spatial working memory. J. Neurophysiol. 75 1 (1996) 454-468
265. Tagaris G.A., Kim S.-G., Strupp J.P., Andersen P., Ugurbil K., and Georgopoulos A.P. Quantitative relations between parietal activation and performance in mental rotation. Neurorep. Int. J. Rapid Commun. Res. Neurosci. 7 3 (1996) 773-776
266. Tagaris G.A., Kim S.-G., Strupp J.P., Andersen P., Ugurbil K., and Georgopoulos A.P. Mental rotation studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging at high field (4 T): performance and cortical activation. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 9 4 (1997) 419-432
267. Tagaris G.A., Richter W., Kim S.-G., Pellizer G., Andersen P., Ugurbil K., et al. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of mental rotation and memory scanning: a multidimensional scaling analysis of brain activation patterns. Brain Res. Rev. 26 2 (1998) 106-112
268. Tallon-Baudry C. Oscillatory synchrony and human visual cognition. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 97 2-3 (2003) 355-363
269. Tallon-Baudry C., Bertrand O., Peronnet F., and Pernier J. Induced gamma-band activity during the delay of a visual short-term memory task in humans. J. Neurosci. 18 (1998) 4244-4254
270. Tallon-Baudry C., Kreiter A., and Bertrand O. Sustained and transient oscillatory responses in the gamma and beta bands in a visual short-term memory task in humans. Vis. Neurosci. 16 3 (1999) 449-459
271. Thompson W.L., and Kosslyn S.M. Neural systems activated during visual mental imagery. In: Toga A.W., and Mazziotta J.C. (Eds). Brain Mapping: The Systems (2000), Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA 535-560
272. Todd J.J., and Marois R. Capacity limit of visual short-term memory in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature 428 (2004) 751-754
273. Todd J.J., and Marois R. Posterior parietal cortex activity predicts individual differences in visual short-term memory capacity. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 5 2 (2005) 144-155
274. Tomasino B., Budai R., Mondani M., Skrap M., and Rumiati R. Mental rotation in a patient with an implanted electrode grid in the motor cortex. Neuroreport 16 16 (2005) 1795-1800
275. Treisman A. Object tokens, binding and visual memory. In: Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory: Perspectives From Cognitive Neuroscience (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford 315-338
276. Treisman A., and Gelade G.A. A feature integration theory of attention. Cogn. Psychol. 12 (1980) 97-130
277. Treisman A., and Zhang W. Location and binding in visual working memory. Mem. Cogn. 34 8 (2006) 1704-1719
278. Tremblay S., Parmentier F.B.R., Guérard K., Nicholls A.P., and Jones D.M. A spatial modality effect in serial memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. 32 5 (2006) 1208-1215
279. Tresch M.C., Sinnamon H.M., and Seamon J.G. Double dissociation of spatial and object visual memory: evidence from selective interference in intact human subjects. Neuropsychologia 31 (1993) 211-219
280. Trojano L., Grossi D., Linden D.E., Formisano E., Goebel R., Cirillo E., et al. Coordinate and categorical judgments in spatial imagery. an fMRI study. Neuropsychologia (2002) 40
281. Trojano L., Linden D.E.J., and Formisano E. What clocks tell us about the neural correlates of spatial imagery. Eur. J. Cogn. Psychol. 16 (2004) 653-672
282. Uhl F., Goldenberg G., Lang W., Lindinger G., Steiner M., and Deecke L. Cerebral correlates of imagining colours, faces and a map-II. Negative cortical DC potentials. Neuropsychologia 28 (1990) 81-93
283. Umla-Runge, K., Zimmer, H.D., Krick, C.M., Reith, W. fMRI correlates of working memory-specific posterior representation sites for movement and position information of a dynamic stimulus.
284. Ungerleider L.G., Courtney S.M., and Haxby J.V. A neural system for human visual working memory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (1998) 883-890
285. Ungerleider L.G., and Mishkin M. Two cortical visual systems. In: Ingle D.J., Goodale M.A., and Mansfield R.J.W. (Eds). Analysis of Visual Behavior (1982), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 549-586
286. Vandierendonck A., Kemps E., Fastame M.C., and Szmalec A. Working memory components of the Corsi blocks task. Br. J. Psychol. 95 (2004) 57-79
287. Ventre-Dominey J., Bailly A., Lavenne F., Lebars D., Mollion H., Costes N., et al. Double dissociation in neural correlates of visual working memory: a PET study. Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res. 25 3 (2005) 747-759
288. Vingerhoets G., de Lange F.P., Vandemaele P., Deblaere K., and Achten E. Motor imagery in mental rotation: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 17 (2002) 1623-1633
289. Vitouch O., Bauer H., Gittler G., Leodolter M., and Leodolter U. Cortical activity of good and poor spatial test performers during spatial and verbal processing studied with slow potential topography. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 27 3 (1997) 183-199
290. Vogel E.K., and Machizawa M.G. Neural activity predicts individual differences in visual working memory capacity. Nature 428 (2004) 748-751
291. Vogel E.K., McCollough A.W., and Machizawa M.G. Neural measures reveal individual differences in controlling access to working memory. Nature 438 24 (2005) 500-503
292. Vogel E.K., Woodman G.F., and Luck J. Storage of features, conjunctions, and objects in visual working memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 27 (2001) 92-114
293. Vuontela V., Rämä P., Raninen A., Aronen H.J., and Carlson S. Selective interference reveals dissociation between memory for location and colour. Neuroreport 10 11 (1999) 2235-2240
294. Wager T.D., and Smith E.E. Neuroimaging studies of working memory: a meta-analysis. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 3 (2003) 255-274
295. Walker P., and Cuthbert L. Remembering visual feature conjunctions: Visual memory for shape-colour associations is object-based. Vis. Cogn. 5 (1998) 409-455
296. Werkle-Bergner M., Müller V., Li S.C., and Lindenberger U. Cortical EEG correlates of successful memory encoding: implications for lifespan comparisons. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 30 6 (2006) 839-854
297. Wheeler M.E., and Treisman A.M. Binding in short-term visual memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 131 (2002) 48-64
298. Wilson F.A., O'Scalaidhe S.P., and Goldman-Rakic P.S. Dissociation of object and spatial processing domains in primate prefrontal cortex. Science 260 (1993) 1955-1958
299. Windischberger C., Lamm C., Bauer H., and Moser E. Consistency of inter-trial activation using single-trial fMRI: assessment of regional differences. Cogn. Brain Res. 13 1 (2002) 129-138
300. Woodman G.F., and Luck S.J. Visual search is slowed when visuospatial working memory is occupied. Psychon. B Rev. 11 2 (2004) 269-274
301. Woodman G.F., and Vogel E.K. Selective storage and maintenance of an object's features in visual working memory. Psychon. B Rev. 15 1 (2008) 223-229
302. Woodman G.F., Vogel E.K., and Luck S.J. Visual search remains efficient when visual working memory is full. Psychol. Sci. J. Am. Psychol. Soc. (APS) 12 3 (2001) 219-224
303. Xu Y. Encoding color and shape from different parts of an object in visual short-term memory. Percept. Psychophysiol. 64 (2002) 1260-1280
304. Xu Y., and Chun M.M. Dissociable neural mechanisms supporting visual short-term memory for objects. Nature 440 7080 (2006) 91-95
305. Yoon J.H., Curtis C.E., and D'Esposito M. Differential effects of distraction during working memory on delay-period activity in the prefrontal cortex and the visual association cortex. Neuroimage 29 (2006) 1117-1126
306. Zacks J.M., Gilliam F., and Ojemann J.G. Selective disturbance of mental rotation by cortical stimulation. Neuropsychologia 41 12 (2003) 1659-1667
307. Zacks J.M., Vettel J.M., and Michelon P. Imagined viewer and object rotations dissociated with event-related FMRI. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 15 7 (2003) 1002-1018
308. Zarahn E., Aguirre G., and D'Esposito M. Replication and further studies of neural mechanisms of spatial mnemonic processing in humans. Cogn. Brain Res. 9 1 (2000) 1-17
309. Zimmer H.D. Spatial information with pictures and words in visual short-term memory. Psychol. Res. 61 4 (1998) 277-284
310. Zimmer, H.D., 2007. Feature binding in visuo-spatial working memory. Paper presented at the Edinburgh Meeting of the Experimental Psychology Society, 4/7 July.
311. Zimmer, H.D., Fu, X., 2008. Working memory capacity and culture-based expertise. Paper presented at the XXIV International Congress of Psychology.
312. Zimmer H.D., and Lehnert G. The spatial mismatch effect is based on global configuration and not on perceptual records within the visual cache. Psychol. Res. 70 1 (2006) 1-12
313. Zimmer H.D., Magnussen S., Rudner M., and Rönnberg J. Visuo-spatial thinking, imagination, and remembering. In: Helstrup T., and Magnussen S. (Eds). Everyday Memory (2007), Psychology Press-Routledge, London 27-56
314. Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. Levels of binding: types, mechanisms, and functions of binding in remembering. In: Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory: Perspectives From Cognitive Neuroscience (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford 3-24
315. In: Zimmer H.D., Mecklinger A., and Lindenberger U. (Eds). Handbook of Binding and Memory: Perspectives From Cognitive Neuroscience (2006), Oxford University Press, Oxford
316. Zimmer, H.D., Münzer-Schrobildgen, M., Troje, N.F. Maintenance of biological movement in working memory, submitted for publication.
317. Zimmer H.D., and Speiser H.R. The irrelevant picture effect in visuo-spatial working memory: fact or fiction?. Psychologische Beiträge 44 2 (2002) 223-247
318. Zimmer H.D., Speiser H.R., and Seidler B. Spatio-temporal working-memory and short-term object-location tasks use different memory mechanisms. Acta Psychol. (Amst.) 114 (2003) 41-65