메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 3293-3300

Genotyping as a tool for antibiotic resistance surveillance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in New Caledonia: Evidence of a novel genotype associated with reduced penicillin susceptibility

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

EID: 50949087336     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00020-08     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (41)
  • 1
    • 33947260230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of antibacterial multidrug resistance
    • Alekshun, M. N., and S. B. Levy. 2007. Molecular mechanisms of antibacterial multidrug resistance. Cell 128:1037-1050.
    • (2007) Cell , vol.128 , pp. 1037-1050
    • Alekshun, M.N.1    Levy, S.B.2
  • 2
    • 0031901796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing antibiotic resistance through rapid genotypic identification of bacteria and of their antibiotic resistance genes in the clinical microbiology laboratory
    • Bergeron, M. G., and M. Ouellette. 1998. Preventing antibiotic resistance through rapid genotypic identification of bacteria and of their antibiotic resistance genes in the clinical microbiology laboratory. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:2169-2172.
    • (1998) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.36 , pp. 2169-2172
    • Bergeron, M.G.1    Ouellette, M.2
  • 3
    • 0021155447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannon, J. G., and P. F. Sparling. 1984. The genetics of the gonococcus. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 38:111-133. 6437322 Year does not match (1984).
    • Cannon, J. G., and P. F. Sparling. 1984. The genetics of the gonococcus. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 38:111-133. 6437322 Year does not match (1984).
  • 4
    • 34247145113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update to CDCs sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006: Fluoroquinolones no longer recommended for treatment of gonococcal infections
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2007. Update to CDCs sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006: fluoroquinolones no longer recommended for treatment of gonococcal infections. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 56:332-336.
    • (2007) MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep , vol.56 , pp. 332-336
  • 5
    • 1842688360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insertion of a thymine (+T) in the 13 base pair inverted repeat of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae mtr promoter region and antibiotic susceptibility
    • Cousin, S., Jr., M. C. Roberts, and W. L. Whittington. 2004. Insertion of a thymine (+T) in the 13 base pair inverted repeat of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae mtr promoter region and antibiotic susceptibility. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 23:418-419.
    • (2004) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.23 , pp. 418-419
    • Cousin Jr., S.1    Roberts, M.C.2    Whittington, W.L.3
  • 6
    • 0022627848 scopus 로고
    • Recombination near the antibiotic resistance locus penB results in antigenic variation of gonococcal outer membrane protein I
    • Danielsson, D., H. Faruki, D. Dyer, and P. F. Sparling. 1986. Recombination near the antibiotic resistance locus penB results in antigenic variation of gonococcal outer membrane protein I. Infect. Immun. 52:529-533.
    • (1986) Infect. Immun , vol.52 , pp. 529-533
    • Danielsson, D.1    Faruki, H.2    Dyer, D.3    Sparling, P.F.4
  • 7
    • 0032954440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and evolutionary inference from molecular variation in Neisseria porins
    • Derrick, J. P., R. Urwin, J. Suker, I. M. Feavers, and M. C. Maiden. 1999. Structural and evolutionary inference from molecular variation in Neisseria porins. Infect. Immun. 67:2406-2413.
    • (1999) Infect. Immun , vol.67 , pp. 2406-2413
    • Derrick, J.P.1    Urwin, R.2    Suker, J.3    Feavers, I.M.4    Maiden, M.C.5
  • 9
    • 0021858671 scopus 로고
    • A community-based outbreak of infection with penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae not producing penicillinase (chromosomally mediated resistance)
    • Faruki, H., R. N. Kohmescher, W. P. McKinney, and P. F. Sparling. 1985. A community-based outbreak of infection with penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae not producing penicillinase (chromosomally mediated resistance). N. Engl. J. Med. 313:607-611.
    • (1985) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.313 , pp. 607-611
    • Faruki, H.1    Kohmescher, R.N.2    McKinney, W.P.3    Sparling, P.F.4
  • 10
    • 0022982301 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of resistance in a non-β-lactamase-producing gonococcus with relatively high-level penicillin resistance
    • Faruki, H., and P. F. Sparling. 1986. Genetics of resistance in a non-β-lactamase-producing gonococcus with relatively high-level penicillin resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 30:856-860.
    • (1986) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.30 , pp. 856-860
    • Faruki, H.1    Sparling, P.F.2
  • 11
    • 34347372857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of ponA and pilMNOPQ expression by the MtrR transcriptional regulatory protein in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Folster, J. P., V. Dhulipala, R. A. Nicholas, and W. M. Shafer. 2007. Differential regulation of ponA and pilMNOPQ expression by the MtrR transcriptional regulatory protein in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriology 189:4569-4577.
    • (2007) J. Bacteriology , vol.189 , pp. 4569-4577
    • Folster, J.P.1    Dhulipala, V.2    Nicholas, R.A.3    Shafer, W.M.4
  • 12
    • 0031753295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonococcal resistance to beta-lactams and tetracycline involves mutation in loop 3 of the porin encoded at the penB locus
    • Gill, M. J., S. Simjee, K. Al-Hattawi, B. D. Robertson, C. S. Easmon, and C. A. Ison. 1998. Gonococcal resistance to beta-lactams and tetracycline involves mutation in loop 3 of the porin encoded at the penB locus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:2799-2803.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.42 , pp. 2799-2803
    • Gill, M.J.1    Simjee, S.2    Al-Hattawi, K.3    Robertson, B.D.4    Easmon, C.S.5    Ison, C.A.6
  • 13
    • 33644543069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The forgotten Gram-negative bacilli: What genetic deter-minants are telling us about the spread of antibiotic resistance
    • Gootz, T. D. 2006. The forgotten Gram-negative bacilli: what genetic deter-minants are telling us about the spread of antibiotic resistance. Biochem. Pharmacol. 71:1073-1084.
    • (2006) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.71 , pp. 1073-1084
    • Gootz, T.D.1
  • 14
    • 0029078189 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional control of the mtr efflux system of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Hagman, K. E., and W. M. Shafer. 1995. Transcriptional control of the mtr efflux system of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 177:4162-4165.
    • (1995) J. Bacteriol , vol.177 , pp. 4162-4165
    • Hagman, K.E.1    Shafer, W.M.2
  • 15
    • 50949117587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hall, T. A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 41:95-98.
    • Hall, T. A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 41:95-98.
  • 17
    • 34250186426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone: Association with genetic polymorphisms in penA, mtrR, porB1b, and ponA
    • Lindberg, R., H. Fredlund, R. Nicholas, and M. Unemo. 2007. Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone: association with genetic polymorphisms in penA, mtrR, porB1b, and ponA. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51:2117-2122.
    • (2007) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 2117-2122
    • Lindberg, R.1    Fredlund, H.2    Nicholas, R.3    Unemo, M.4
  • 18
    • 0030798952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MtrR repressor binds the DNA sequence between the mtrR and mtrC genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Lucas, C. E., J. T. Balthazar, K. E. Hagman, and W. M. Shafer. 1997. The MtrR repressor binds the DNA sequence between the mtrR and mtrC genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 179:4123-4128.
    • (1997) J. Bacteriol , vol.179 , pp. 4123-4128
    • Lucas, C.E.1    Balthazar, J.T.2    Hagman, K.E.3    Shafer, W.M.4
  • 19
    • 11844277090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic typing of the porin protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical noncultured samples for strain characterization and identification of mixed gonococcal infections
    • Lynn, F., M. M. Hobbs, J. M. Zenilman, F. M. Behets, K. Van Damme, A. Rasamindrakotroka, and M. C. Bash. 2005. Genetic typing of the porin protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical noncultured samples for strain characterization and identification of mixed gonococcal infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43:368-375.
    • (2005) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 368-375
    • Lynn, F.1    Hobbs, M.M.2    Zenilman, J.M.3    Behets, F.M.4    Van Damme, K.5    Rasamindrakotroka, A.6    Bash, M.C.7
  • 20
    • 0037447113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Porin variation among clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae over a 10-year period, as determined by Por variable region typing
    • McKnew, D. L., F. Lynn, J. M. Zenilman, and M. C. Bash. 2003. Porin variation among clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae over a 10-year period, as determined by Por variable region typing. J. Infect. Dis. 187:1213-1222.
    • (2003) J. Infect. Dis , vol.187 , pp. 1213-1222
    • McKnew, D.L.1    Lynn, F.2    Zenilman, J.M.3    Bash, M.C.4
  • 22
    • 0036719736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and analysis of amino acid mutations in porin IB that mediate intermediate-level resistance to penicillin and tetracycline in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Olesky, M., M. Hobbs, and R. A. Nicholas. 2002. Identification and analysis of amino acid mutations in porin IB that mediate intermediate-level resistance to penicillin and tetracycline in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46:2811-2820.
    • (2002) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.46 , pp. 2811-2820
    • Olesky, M.1    Hobbs, M.2    Nicholas, R.A.3
  • 23
    • 33645215828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Porin-mediated antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Ion, solute, and antibiotic permeation through PIB proteins with penB mutations
    • Olesky, M., S. Zhao, R. L. Rosenberg, and R. A. Nicholas. 2006. Porin-mediated antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: ion, solute, and antibiotic permeation through PIB proteins with penB mutations. J. Bacteriol. 188:2300-2308.
    • (2006) J. Bacteriol , vol.188 , pp. 2300-2308
    • Olesky, M.1    Zhao, S.2    Rosenberg, R.L.3    Nicholas, R.A.4
  • 24
    • 0033997958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics of the porB gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Different dynamics in different homology groups
    • Posada, D., K. A. Crandall, M. Nguyen, J. C. Demma, and R. P. Viscidi. 2000. Population genetics of the porB gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: different dynamics in different homology groups. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:423-436.
    • (2000) Mol. Biol. Evol , vol.17 , pp. 423-436
    • Posada, D.1    Crandall, K.A.2    Nguyen, M.3    Demma, J.C.4    Viscidi, R.P.5
  • 25
    • 0036171501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in ponA, the gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 1, and a novel locus, penC, are required for high-level chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Ropp, P. A., M. Hu, M. Olesky, and R. A. Nicholas. 2002. Mutations in ponA, the gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 1, and a novel locus, penC, are required for high-level chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46:769-777.
    • (2002) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.46 , pp. 769-777
    • Ropp, P.A.1    Hu, M.2    Olesky, M.3    Nicholas, R.A.4
  • 26
    • 0028997376 scopus 로고
    • Missense mutations that alter the DNA-binding domain of the MtrR protein occur frequently in rectal isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that are resistant to faecal lipids
    • Shafer, W. M., J. T. Balthazar, K. E. Hagman, and S. A. Morse. 1995. Missense mutations that alter the DNA-binding domain of the MtrR protein occur frequently in rectal isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that are resistant to faecal lipids. Microbiology 141:907-911.
    • (1995) Microbiology , vol.141 , pp. 907-911
    • Shafer, W.M.1    Balthazar, J.T.2    Hagman, K.E.3    Morse, S.A.4
  • 27
    • 0032978716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Networks and groups within the genus Neisseria: Analysis of argF, recA, rho, and 16S rRNA sequences from human Neisseria species
    • Smith, N. H., E. C. Holmes, G. M. Donovan, G. A. Carpenter, and B. G. Spratt. 1999. Networks and groups within the genus Neisseria: analysis of argF, recA, rho, and 16S rRNA sequences from human Neisseria species. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16:773-783.
    • (1999) Mol. Biol. Evol , vol.16 , pp. 773-783
    • Smith, N.H.1    Holmes, E.C.2    Donovan, G.M.3    Carpenter, G.A.4    Spratt, B.G.5
  • 28
    • 50949129323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soussy, C. J., J. D. Cavallo, H. Chardon, C. Chidiac, P. Choutet, P. Courvalin, H. Dabernat, H. Drugeon, L. Dubreuil, F. Goldstein, B. Guery, V. Jarlier, T. Lambert, R. Leclercq, M. H. Nicolas-Chanoine, C. Quentin, B. Rouveix, and E. Varon. 2007. Comité de l'antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie. Recommandations 2007, Ed. Janvier 2007. Société Française de Microbiologie, Paris, France, http://www.sfm.asso.fr/doc /download.php?doc=DiU8C&fic= casfm_2007.pdf.
    • Soussy, C. J., J. D. Cavallo, H. Chardon, C. Chidiac, P. Choutet, P. Courvalin, H. Dabernat, H. Drugeon, L. Dubreuil, F. Goldstein, B. Guery, V. Jarlier, T. Lambert, R. Leclercq, M. H. Nicolas-Chanoine, C. Quentin, B. Rouveix, and E. Varon. 2007. Comité de l'antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie. Recommandations 2007, Ed. Janvier 2007. Société Française de Microbiologie, Paris, France, http://www.sfm.asso.fr/doc /download.php?doc=DiU8C&fic= casfm_2007.pdf.
  • 29
    • 34547625249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taha, M.-K., J. A. Vazquez, E. Hong, D. E. Bennett, S. Bertrand, S. Bukovski, M. T. Cafferkey, F. Carion, J. J. Christensen, M. Diggle, G. Edwards, R. Enriquez, C. Fazio, M. Frosch, S. Heuberger, S. Hoffmann, K. A. Jolley, M. Kadlubowski, A. Kechrid, K. Kesanopoulos, P. Kriz, L. Lambertsen, I. Levenet, M. Musilek, M. Paragi, A. Saguer, A. Skoczynska, P. Stefanelli, S. Thulin, G. Tzanakaki, M. Unemo, U. Vogel, and M. L. Zarantonelli. 2007. Target gene sequencing to characterize the penicillin G susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51:2784-2792.
    • Taha, M.-K., J. A. Vazquez, E. Hong, D. E. Bennett, S. Bertrand, S. Bukovski, M. T. Cafferkey, F. Carion, J. J. Christensen, M. Diggle, G. Edwards, R. Enriquez, C. Fazio, M. Frosch, S. Heuberger, S. Hoffmann, K. A. Jolley, M. Kadlubowski, A. Kechrid, K. Kesanopoulos, P. Kriz, L. Lambertsen, I. Levenet, M. Musilek, M. Paragi, A. Saguer, A. Skoczynska, P. Stefanelli, S. Thulin, G. Tzanakaki, M. Unemo, U. Vogel, and M. L. Zarantonelli. 2007. Target gene sequencing to characterize the penicillin G susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51:2784-2792.
  • 30
    • 29944440685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of mutations within multiple genes associated with resistance in a clinical isolate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced ceftriaxone susceptibility that shows a multidrug-resistant phenotype
    • Tanaka, M., H. Nakayama, K. Huruya, I. Konomi, S. Irie, A. Kanayama, T. Saika, and I. Kobayashi. 2006. Analysis of mutations within multiple genes associated with resistance in a clinical isolate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced ceftriaxone susceptibility that shows a multidrug-resistant phenotype. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 27:20-26.
    • (2006) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.27 , pp. 20-26
    • Tanaka, M.1    Nakayama, H.2    Huruya, K.3    Konomi, I.4    Irie, S.5    Kanayama, A.6    Saika, T.7    Kobayashi, I.8
  • 31
    • 0003974705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • Tapsall, J. 2001. Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.who.int/csr/resources /publications/drugresist/ WHO_CDS_CSR_DRS_2001_3/en/.
    • (2001) Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Tapsall, J.1
  • 32
    • 33947720302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2005
    • Tapsall, J. 2006. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2005. Commun. Dis. Intell. 30:430-433.
    • (2006) Commun. Dis. Intell , vol.30 , pp. 430-433
    • Tapsall, J.1
  • 33
    • 37549014876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of trends in antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Australia, 1997-2006
    • Tapsall, J. W., E. A. Limnios, and D. Murphy. 2008. Analysis of trends in antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Australia, 1997-2006. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 61:150-155.
    • (2008) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.61 , pp. 150-155
    • Tapsall, J.W.1    Limnios, E.A.2    Murphy, D.3
  • 34
    • 0027448607 scopus 로고
    • Penicillin-binding protein 2 genes of chromosomally-mediated penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Greece: Screening for codon Asp-345A
    • Tirodimos, I., E. Tzelepi, and V. C. Katsougiannopoulos. 1993. Penicillin-binding protein 2 genes of chromosomally-mediated penicillin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Greece: screening for codon Asp-345A. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 32:677-684.
    • (1993) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.32 , pp. 677-684
    • Tirodimos, I.1    Tzelepi, E.2    Katsougiannopoulos, V.C.3
  • 36
    • 0032722759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Europe
    • van Duynhoven, Y. T. 1999. The epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Europe. Microbes Infect. 1:455-464.
    • (1999) Microbes Infect , vol.1 , pp. 455-464
    • van Duynhoven, Y.T.1
  • 37
    • 0036785342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of the MtrC-MtrD-MtrE efflux pump due to an mtrR mutation is required for chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    • Veal, W. L., R. A. Nicholas, and W. M. Shafer. 2002. Overexpression of the MtrC-MtrD-MtrE efflux pump due to an mtrR mutation is required for chromosomally mediated penicillin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 184:5619-5624.
    • (2002) J. Bacteriol , vol.184 , pp. 5619-5624
    • Veal, W.L.1    Nicholas, R.A.2    Shafer, W.M.3
  • 38
    • 33645078631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of a chromosomally-mediated penicillin resistance-associated ponA mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using a real-time PCR assay
    • Vernel-Pauillac, F., V. Falcot, D. Whiley, and F. Merien. 2006. Rapid detection of a chromosomally-mediated penicillin resistance-associated ponA mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using a real-time PCR assay. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 255:66-74.
    • (2006) FEMS Microbiol. Lett , vol.255 , pp. 66-74
    • Vernel-Pauillac, F.1    Falcot, V.2    Whiley, D.3    Merien, F.4
  • 39
    • 33845529011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel real-time duplex PCR assay for detecting penA and ponA genotypes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Comparison with phenotypes determined by the E-test
    • Vernel-Pauillac, F., and F. Merien. 2006. A novel real-time duplex PCR assay for detecting penA and ponA genotypes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: comparison with phenotypes determined by the E-test. Clin. Chem. 52:2294-2296.
    • (2006) Clin. Chem , vol.52 , pp. 2294-2296
    • Vernel-Pauillac, F.1    Merien, F.2
  • 40
    • 35948939272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of penA alterations and subtypes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains from Sydney, Australia, that are less susceptible to ceftriaxone
    • Whiley, D. M., E. A. Limnios, S. Ray, T. P. Sloots, and J. W. Tapsall. 2007. Diversity of penA alterations and subtypes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains from Sydney, Australia, that are less susceptible to ceftriaxone. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51:3111-3116.
    • (2007) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 3111-3116
    • Whiley, D.M.1    Limnios, E.A.2    Ray, S.3    Sloots, T.P.4    Tapsall, J.W.5
  • 41
    • 0032842433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased azithromycin susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae due to mtrR mutations
    • Zarantonelli, L., G. Borthagaray, E. H. Lee, and W. M. Shafer. 1999. Decreased azithromycin susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae due to mtrR mutations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43:2468-2472.
    • (1999) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 2468-2472
    • Zarantonelli, L.1    Borthagaray, G.2    Lee, E.H.3    Shafer, W.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.