Solid structure formation during the liquid/solid phase transition

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science

Volumn 11, Issue 5-6, 2007, Pages 76-85

  Kolasinski, Kurt W ^a  

^a WEST CHESTER UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Capillary waves; Laser ablation; Laser surface interactions; Melting; Pillars; Silicon; Solidification; Structure formation; Titanium

Indexed keywords

ABLATION; EXTRUSION; FLUID DYNAMICS; FLUID MECHANICS; FORMING; IRRADIATION; LASER ABLATION; LASERS; MECHANISMS; MELTING; PULSED LASER DEPOSITION;

CAPILLARY WAVE; CAPILLARY WAVES; DIFFERENT MECHANISMS; FEMTO SECONDS; HYDRODYNAMIC SPUTTERING; INCIDENT LIGHT; LASER IRRADIATIONS; LASER-ABLATION PLUMES; LASER-INDUCED PERIODIC SURFACE STRUCTURES; LASER/SURFACE INTERACTIONS; MASS TRANSPORT; MELTING THRESHOLD; MULLINS-SEKERKA INSTABILITY; NANO SCALING; NANOSECOND PULSED LASERS; PHASE TRANSITIONS; PILLARS; SILICON; SOLID STRUCTURES; SOLIDIFICATION; STRUCTURE FORMATION; SUPPORT STRUCTURES; THERMOCAPILLARITY; TITANIUM;

PULSED LASER APPLICATIONS;

EID: 50349087696     PISSN: 13590286     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2008.06.004     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Wulff G. Zur Frage der Geschwindigkeit des Wachsthums und der Auflösung der Krystallflächen. Z Kristallogr Mineral 34 (1901) 449-530
2. Herring C. Some theorems on the free energies of crystal surfaces. Phys Rev 82 (1951) 87-93
3. Clausen B.S., Schiøtz J., Gråkæk L., Ouesen C.V., Jacobsen K.W., Nørskov J.K., et al. Wetting/non-wetting phenomena during catalysis: evidence from in situ on-line EXAFS studies of Cu-based catalysts. Top Catal 1 (1994) 367-376
4. Degawa M., Szalma F., and Williams E.D. Nano-scale equilibrium crystal shapes. Surf Sci 583 (2005) 126-138
5. Sekerka R.F. Equilibrium and growth shapes of crystals: How do they differ and why should we care?. Cryst Res Technol 40 (2005) 291-306
6. Dorsey H.E. Peculiar ice formations. Phys Rev 18 (1921) 162-164
7. Dorsey H.E. The freezing of supercooled water. Trans Am Philol Soc 38 (1948) 247-328
8. Bally O. Über eine eigenartige Eiskrystallbildung. Helv Chim Acta 18 (1933) 475-476
9. Mills D., and Kolasinski K.W. Solidification driven extrusion of spikes during laser melting of silicon pillars. Nanotechnology 17 (2006) 2741-2744
10. Libbrecht K.G., and Lui K. An investigation of laboratory-grown ice spikes. J Glaciol 50 (2004) 371-374
11. Hill L., Lozowski E., and Sampson R.D. Experiments on ice spikes and a simple growth model. J Glaciol 50 (2004) 375-381
12. Nayak B.K., Gupta M.C., and Kolasinski K.W. Spontaneous formation of nano-spiked microstructures in germanium by femtosecond laser irradiation. Nanotechnology 18 (2007) 195302
13. Pedraza A.J., Fowlkes J.D., Jesse S., Mao C., and Lowndes D.H. Surface micro-structuring of silicon by excimer-laser irradiation in reactive atmospheres. Appl Surf Sci 168 (2000) 251-257
14. Pedraza A.J., Jesse S., Guan Y.F., and Fowlkes J.D. Laser-induced surface perturbations in silicon. J Mater Res 16 (2001) 3599-3608
15. Dolgaev S.I., Lavrishev S.V., Lyalin A.A., Simakin A.V., Voronov V.V., and Shafeev G.A. Formation of conical microstructures upon laser evaporation of solids. Appl Phys A 73 (2001) 177
16. Shen M.Y., Crouch C.H., Carey J.E., and Mazur E. Femtosecond laser-induced formation of submicrometer spikes on silicon in water. Appl Phys Lett 85 (2004) 5694-5696
17. Kaki H., and Horita S. Periodic grain-boundary formation in a poly-Si thin film crystallized by linearly polarized Nd:YAG pulse laser with an oblique incident angle. J Appl Phys 97 (1995) 014904
18. Fork D.K., Anderson G.B., Boyce J.B., Johnson R.I., and Mei P. Capillary waves in pulsed excimer laser crystallized amorphous silicon. Appl Phys Lett 68 (1996) 2138-2140
19. Crouch C.H., Carey J.E., Warrender J.M., Aziz M.J., Mazur E., and Génin F.Y. Comparison of structure and properties of femtosecond and nanosecond laser-structured silicon. Appl Phys Lett 84 (2004) 1850-1852
20. Her T.-H., Finlay R.J., Wu C., Deliwala S., and Mazur E. Microstructuring of silicon with femtosecond laser pulses. Appl Phys Lett 73 (1998) 1673-1675
21. Pedraza A.J., Fowlkes J.D., and Lowndes D.H. Silicon microcolumn arrays grown by nanosecond pulsed-excimer laser irradiation. Appl Phys Lett 74 (1999) 2322-2324
22. 6 atmosphere. J Mater Res 17 (2002) 1002-1012
23. Nayak B.K., Gupta M.C., and Kolasinski K.W. Ultrafast-laser-assisted chemical restructuring of silicon and germanium surfaces. Appl Surf Sci 253 (2007) 6580-6583
24. Kolasinski K.W., Mills D., and Nahidi M. Laser assisted and wet chemical etching of silicon nanostructures. J Vac Sci Technol A 24 (2006) 1474-1479
25. Kelly R., and Miotello A. Mechanisms of pulsed laser sputtering. In: Chrisey D.B., and Hubler G.K. (Eds). Pulsed laser deposition of thin films (1994), Wiley, New York 55-87
26. Siegman A.E., and Fauchet P.M. Stimulated Wood's anomalies on laser-illuminated surfaces. IEEE J Quantum Electron 22 (1986) 1384-1403
27. Young J.F., Preston J.S., van Driel H.M., and Sipe J.E. Laser-induced periodic surface structure. II. Experiments on Ge, Si, Al, and brass. Phys Rev B 27 (1983) 1155-1172
28. Young J.F., Sipe J.E., and Van Driel H.M. Laser-induced periodic surface-structure. III. Fluence regimes, the role of feedback, and details of the induced topography in germanium. Phys Rev B 30 (1984) 2001-2015
29. Sipe J.E., Young J.F., Preston J.S., and Van Driel H.M. Laser-induced periodic surface-structure. I. Theory. Phys Rev B 27 (1983) 1141-1154
30. Keilmann F. Laser-driven corrugation instability of liquid metal surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 51 (1983) 2097-2100
31. DebRoy T., and David S.A. Physical processes in fusion welding. Rev Mod Phys 67 (1995) 85-112
32. Kolasinski K.W. Surface science: foundations of catalysis and nanoscience. second ed. (2008), Wiley, Chichester
33. Landau L.D., and Lifshitz E.M. Fluid mechanics (1959), Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass
34. Lucassen-Reynders E.H., and Lucassen J. Properties of capillary waves. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 2 (1970) 347-395
35. Tarazona P., Checa R., and Chacon E. Critical analysis of the density functional theory prediction of enhanced capillary waves. Phys Rev Lett 99 (2007) 196101
36. ten Bosch A. Transport theory at the nanoscale. I. Surface waves. Phys Rev E 73 (2006) 031605
37. Jiang Z., Kim H., Jiao X., Lee H., Lee Y.J., Byun Y., et al. Evidence for viscoelastic effects in surface capillary waves of molten polymer films. Phys Rev Lett 98 (2007) 227801
38. Sasaki H., Tokizaki E., Huang X.M., Terashima K., and Kimura S. Temperature dependence of the viscosity of molten silicon measured by the oscillating cup method. Jpn J Appl Phys 34 (1995) 3432-3436
39. Anisimov S.I., and Luk'yanchuk B.S. Selected problems in laser ablation theory. Phys Usp 45 (2002) 293-324
40. Hwang D.J., Grigoropoulos C.P., and Choi T.Y. Efficiency of silicon micromachining by femtosecond laser pulses in ambient air. J Appl Phys 99 (2006) 083101
41. Stolk P.A., Polman A., and Sinke W.C. Experimental test of kinetic theories for heterogeneous freezing in silicon. Phys Rev B 47 (1993) 5-13
42. Bucksbaum P.H., and Bokor J. Rapid melting and regrowth velocities in silicon heated by ultraviolet picosecond laser pulses. Phys Rev Lett 53 (1984) 182-185
43. Herlach D.M. Non-equilibrium solidification of undercooled metallic melts. Mater Sci Eng R 12 (1994) 177-272
44. Emel'yanov V.I., and Babak D.V. Defect capture under rapid solidification of the melt induced by the action of femtosecond laser pulses and formation of periodic surface structures on a semiconductor surface. Appl Phys A 74 (2002) 797-805
45. de Unamuno S., and Fogarassy E. A thermal description of the melting of c- and a-silicon under pulsed excimer lasers. Appl Surf Sci 36 (1989) 1-11
46. Preuss S., Demchuk A., and Stuke M. Sub-picosecond UV laser ablation of metals. Appl Phys A 61 (1995) 33-37
47. Sokolowski-Tinten K., Bialkowski J., Cavalleri A., von der Linde D., Oparin A., Meyer-ter-Vehn J., et al. Transient states of matter during short pulse laser ablation. Phys Rev Lett 81 (1998) 224-227
48. Rethfeld B., Sokolowski-Tinten K., von der Linde D., and Anisimov S.I. Ultrafast thermal melting of laser-excited solids by homogeneous nucleation. Phys Rev B 65 (2002) 092103
49. Mullins W.W., and Sekerka R.F. Stability of a planar interface during solidification of a dilute binary alloy. J Appl Phys 35 (1964) 444-451
50. Aziz M.J., Tsao J.Y., Thompson M.O., Peercy P.S., and White C.W. Solute trapping: comparison of theory with experiment. Phys Rev Lett 56 (1986) 2489-2492
51. Hoglund D.E., Thompson M.O., and Aziz M.J. Experimental test of morphological stability theory for a planar interface during rapid solidification. Phys Rev B 58 (1998) 189-199
52. Galenko P. Solute trapping and diffusionless solidification in a binary system. Phys Rev E 76 (2007) 031606
53. Galenko P. Extended thermodynamical analysis of a motion of the solid-liquid interface in a rapidly solidifying alloy. Phys Rev B 65 (2002) 144103
54. Cullis A.G. Modulated structures and metastable dopant concentrations in silicon annealed with Q-switched laser pulses. J Vac Sci Technol B 1 (1983) 272-277
55. Tiller W.A., Jackson K.A., Rutter R.W., and Chalmers B. The redistribution of solute atoms during the solidification of metals. Acta Metal 1 (1953) 428-437
56. Behroozi P., Cordray K., Griffin W., and Behroozi F. The calming effect of oil on water. Am J Phys 75 (2007) 407-414
57. Zhu F., Miao R.C., Xu C.L., and Cao Z.Z. Measurement of the dispersion relation of capillary waves by laser diffraction. Am J Phys 75 (2007) 896-898
58. Ranjan R., Lambeth D.N., Tromel M., Goglia P., and Li Y. Laser texturing for low-flying-height media. J Appl Phys 69 (1991) 5745-5747
59. Schwarz-Selinger T., Cahill D.G., Chen S.C., Moon S.J., and Grigoropoulos C.R. Micron-scale modifications of Si surface morphology by pulsed-laser texturing. Phys Rev B 6415 (2001) 155313
60. Vatsya S.R., and Nikumb S.K. Modeling of fluid dynamical processes during pulsed-laser texturing of material surfaces. Phys Rev B 68 (2003) 035410
61. Vatsya S.R., Bordatchev E.V., and Nikumb S.K. Geometrical modeling of surface profile formation during laser ablation of materials. J Appl Phys 93 (2003) 9753-9759
62. Geohegan D.B. Diagnostics and characteristics of pulsed laser deposition laser plasmas. In: Chrisey D.B., and Hubler G.K. (Eds). Pulsed laser deposition of thin films (1994), Wiley, New York 115-165
63. Kapitan D., and Coutts D.W. The dynamic properties of shock-waves formed during laser ablation at sub-atmospheric pressures. Europhys Lett 57 (2002) 205-211
64. Gyorgy E., Mihailescu I.N., Serra P., Del Pino A.P., and Morenza J.L. Crown-like structure development on titanium exposed to multipulse Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Appl Phys A 74 (2002) 755-759