Pathogenesis of malignant pleural mesothelioma and the role of environmental and genetic factors

Journal of Carcinogenesis

Volumn 7, Issue , 2008, Pages

  Weiner, Shoshana J ^a   Neragi Miandoab, Siyamek ^b  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF CLEVELAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBOLE; ASBESTOS; ASBESTOS FIBER; CHRYSOTILE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; GROWTH FACTOR; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SCATTER FACTOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN; VASCULOTROPIN; WT1 PROTEIN;

APOPTOSIS; CELL CYCLE REGULATION; CHILDHOOD CANCER; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FAMILIAL CANCER; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; LUNG CARCINOGENESIS; MALIGNANT PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA; NEPHROBLASTOMA; NONHUMAN; ONCOGENE; PLEURA MESOTHELIOMA; RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SIMIAN VIRUS 40; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; VIRUS INFECTION;

EID: 49549096639     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14773163     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1477-3163-7-3     Document Type: Review

References (152)

1. Ismail-Khan R Robinson LA Williams CC Jr Garrett CR Bepler G Simon GR Malignant pleural mesothelioma: A comprehensive review Cancer Control 2006, 13(4):255-263. 17075562
2. Neragi-Miandoab S Multimodality approach in management of malignant pleural mesothelioma Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006, 29(1):14-19. 10.1016/ j.ejcts.2005.10.008 16343925
3. KT BF The Pleura Oxford: Oxford University Press 1992.
4. Dewar A Valente M Ring NP Corrin B Pleural mesothelioma of epithelial type and pulmonary adenocarcinoma: An ultrastructural and cytochemical comparison The Journal of pathology 1987, 152(4):309-316. 10.1002/ path.1711520409 3668733
5. Oury TD Hammar SP Roggli VL Ultrastructural features of diffuse malignant mesotheliomas Human pathology 1998, 29(12):1382-1392. 10.1016/ S0046-8177(98)90006-5 9865823
6. Thurlbeck WMR The Respiratory system, disease of the pleura Philadelphia: Lippincott 1988.
7. Boutin C Schlesser M Frenay C Astoul P Malignant pleural mesothelioma Eur Respir J 1998, 12(4):972-981. 10.1183/09031936.98.12040972 9817178
8. Suzuki Y Pathology of human malignant mesothelioma - preliminary analysis of 1,517 mesothelioma cases Industrial health 2001, 39(2):183-185. 10.2486/indhealth.39.183 11341549
9. Adams VI Unni KK Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of pleura: Diagnostic criteria based on an autopsy study American journal of clinical pathology 1984, 82(1):15-23. 6588749
10. Corson JM Pathology of diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 1997, 9(4):347-355.
11. Carbone M Pass HI Re: Debate on the link between SV40 and human cancer continues Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2002, 94(3):229-230. 11830615
12. Balsara BR Bell DW Sonoda G De Rienzo A du Manoir S Jhanwar SC Testa JR Comparative genomic hybridization and loss of heterozygosity analyses identify a common region of deletion at 15q11.1-15 in human malignant mesothelioma Cancer research 1999, 59(2):450-454. 9927061
13. Bjorkqvist AM Tammilehto L Anttila S Mattson K Knuutila S Recurrent DNA copy number changes in 1q, 4q, 6q, 9p, 13q, 14q and 22q detected by comparative genomic hybridization in malignant mesothelioma British journal of cancer 1997, 75(4):523-527. 9052404
14. Lee AY Raz DJ He B Jablons DM Update on the molecular biology of malignant mesothelioma Cancer 2007, 109(8):1454-1461. 10.1002/cncr.22552 17348013
15. Spugnini EP Bosari S Citro G Lorenzon I Cognetti F Baldi A Human malignant mesothelioma: Molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 2006, 38(12):2000-2004. 10.1016/j.biocel.2006.07.002 16963313
16. Whitson BA Kratzke RA Molecular pathways in malignant pleural mesothelioma Cancer letters 2006, 239(2):183-189. 10.1016/ j.canlet.2005.08.010 16216411
17. Kops GJ Weaver BA Cleveland DW On the road to cancer: Aneuploidy and the mitotic checkpoint Nature reviews 2005, 5(10):773-785. 10.1038/nrc1714 16195750
18. Pylkkanen L Sainio M Ollikainen T Mattson K Nordling S Carpen O Linnainmaa K Husgafvel-Pursiainen K Concurrent LOH at multiple loci in human malignant mesothelioma with preferential loss of NF2 gene region Oncology reports 2002, 9(5):955-959. 12168054
19. Apostolou S De Rienzo A Murthy SS Jhanwar SC Testa JR Absence of BCL10 mutations in human malignant mesothelioma Cell 1999, 97(6):684-686. discussion 686-688 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)09765-9 10380921
20. De Rienzo A Jhanwar SC Testa JR Loss of heterozygosity analysis of 13q and 14q in human malignant mesothelioma Genes, chromosomes & cancer 2000, 28(3):337-341. 10.1002/ 1098-2264(200007)28:3<337::AID-GCC12>3.0.CO;2-B 10862040
21. Lecomte C Andujar P Renier A Kheuang L Abramowski V Mellottee L Fleury-Feith J Zucman-Rossi J Giovannini M Jaurand MC Similar tumor suppressor gene alteration profiles in asbestos-induced murine and human mesothelioma Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex) 2005, 4(12):1862-1869. 16319530
22. Murthy SS Testa JR Asbestos, chromosomal deletions, and tumor suppressor gene alterations in human malignant mesothelioma Journal of cellular physiology 1999, 180(2):150-157. 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-4652(199908)180:2<150::AID-JCP2>3.0.CO;2-H 10395284
23. Toyooka S Carbone M Toyooka KO Bocchetta M Shivapurkar N Minna JD Gazdar AF Progressive aberrant methylation of the RASSF1A gene in simian virus 40 infected human mesothelial cells Oncogene 2002, 21(27):4340-4344. 10.1038/sj.onc.1205381 12082623
24. Wong L Zhou J Anderson D Kratzke RA Inactivation of p16INK4a expression in malignant mesothelioma by methylation Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2002, 38(2):131-136. 12399123
25. Kumar K Rahman Q Schipper H Matschegewski C Schiffmann D Papp T Mutational analysis of 9 different tumour-associated genes in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines Oncology reports 2005, 14(3):743-750. 16077986
26. Kitamura F Araki S Suzuki Y Yokoyama K Tanigawa T Iwasaki R Assessment of the mutations of p53 suppressor gene and Ha- and Ki-ras oncogenes in malignant mesothelioma in relation to asbestos exposure: A study of 12 American patients Industrial health 2002, 40(2):175-181. 10.2486/ indhealth.40.175 12064559
27. Ni Z Liu Y Keshava N Zhou G Whong W Ong T Analysis of K-ras and p53 mutations in mesotheliomas from humans and rats exposed to asbestos Mutation research 2000, 468(1):87-92. 10863160
28. Papp T Schipper H Pemsel H Bastrop R Muller KM Wiethege T Weiss DG Dopp E Schiffmann D Rahman Q Mutational analysis of N-ras, p53, p16INK4a, p14ARF and CDK4 genes in primary human malignant mesotheliomas International journal of oncology 2001, 18(2):425-433. 11172613
29. Vaslet CA Messier NJ Kane AB Accelerated progression of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas in heterozygous p53+/- mice Toxicol Sci 2002, 68(2):331-338. 10.1093/toxsci/68.2.331 12151629
30. Illei PB Rusch VW Zakowski MF Ladanyi M Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A and codeletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene in the majority of pleural mesotheliomas Clin Cancer Res 2003, 9(6):2108-2113. 12796375
31. Lopez-Rios F Chuai S Flores R Shimizu S Ohno T Wakahara K Illei PB Hussain S Krug L Zakowski MF Global gene expression profiling of pleural mesotheliomas: Overexpression of aurora kinases and P16/CDKN2A deletion as prognostic factors and critical evaluation of microarray-based prognostic prediction Cancer research 2006, 66(6):2970-2979. 10.1158/ 0008-5472.CAN-05-3907 16540645
32. Barbanti-Brodano G Sabbioni S Martini F Negrini M Corallini A Tognon M Simian virus 40 infection in humans and association with human diseases: results and hypotheses Virology 2004, 318(1):1-9. 10.1016/ j.virol.2003.09.004 15015494
33. Carbone M Simian virus 40 and human tumors: It is time to study mechanisms Journal of cellular biochemistry 1999, 76(2):189-193. 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-4644(20000201)76:2<189::AID-JCB3>3.0.CO;2-J 10618636
34. Kops SP Oral polio vaccine and human cancer: A reassessment of SV40 as a contaminant based upon legal documents Anticancer research 2000, 20(6C):4745-4749. 11205211
35. Pipas JM Levine AJ Role of T antigen interactions with p53 in tumorigenesis Seminars in cancer biology 2001, 11(1):23-30. 10.1006/ scbi.2000.0343 11243896
36. Testa JR Giordano A SV40 and cell cycle perturbations in malignant mesothelioma Seminars in cancer biology 2001, 11(1):31-38. 10.1006/ scbi.2000.0344 11243897
37. Vivo C Lecomte C Levy F Leroy K Kirova Y Renier A Kheuang L Piedbois P Chopin D Jaurand MC Cell cycle checkpoint status in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines: Response to gamma radiation British journal of cancer 2003, 88(3):388-395. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600736 12569381
38. Poulikakos PI Xiao GH Gallagher R Jablonski S Jhanwar SC Testa JR Re-expression of the tumor suppressor NF2/merlin inhibits invasiveness in mesothelioma cells and negatively regulates FAK Oncogene 2006, 25(44):5960-5968. 10.1038/sj.onc.1209587 16652148
39. Shaulian E Karin M AP-1 as a regulator of cell life and death Nature cell biology 2002, 4(5):E131-136. 10.1038/ncb0502-e131 11988758
40. Whitmarsh AJ Davis RJ Transcription factor AP-1 regulation by mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 1996, 74(10):589-607. 8912180
41. Ramos-Nino ME Timblin CR Mossman BT Mesothelial cell transformation requires increased AP-1 binding activity and ERK-dependent Fra-1 expression Cancer research 2002, 62(21):6065-6069. 12414630
42. Zanella CL Posada J Tritton TR Mossman BT Asbestos causes stimulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade after phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor Cancer research 1996, 56(23):5334-5338. 8968079
43. Jimenez LA Zanella C Fung H Janssen YM Vacek P Charland C Goldberg J Mossman BT Role of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in apoptosis by asbestos and H2O2 The American journal of physiology 1997, 273(5 Pt 1):L1029-1035. 9374731
44. Jagadeeswaran R Ma PC Seiwert TY Jagadeeswaran S Zumba O Nallasura V Ahmed S Filiberti R Paganuzzi M Puntoni R Functional analysis of c-Met/ hepatocyte growth factor pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma Cancer research 2006, 66(1):352-361. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-4567 16397249
45. Polakis P Wnt signaling and cancer Genes & development 2000, 14(15):1837-1851. 10921899
46. Abutaily AS Collins JE Roche WR Cadherins, catenins and APC in pleural malignant mesothelioma The Journal of pathology 2003, 201(3):355-362. 10.1002/path.1458 14595746
47. Uematsu K Kanazawa S You L He B Xu Z Li K Peterlin BM McCormick F Jablons DM Wnt pathway activation in mesothelioma: Evidence of Dishevelled overexpression and transcriptional activity of beta-catenin Cancer research 2003, 63(15):4547-4551. 12907630
48. Batra S Shi Y Kuchenbecker KM He B Reguart N Mikami I You L Xu Z Lin YC Clement G Wnt inhibitory factor-1, a Wnt antagonist, is silenced by promoter hypermethylation in malignant pleural mesothelioma Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2006, 342(4):1228-1232. 10.1016/ j.bbrc.2006.02.084
49. Lee AY He B You L Xu Z Mazieres J Reguart N Mikami I Batra S Jablons DM Dickkopf-1 antagonizes Wnt signaling independent of beta-catenin in human mesothelioma Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2004, 323(4):1246-1250. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.09.001
50. He B Lee AY Dadfarmay S You L Xu Z Reguart N Mazieres J Mikami I McCormick F Jablons DM Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 is silenced by hypermethylation and induces apoptosis in beta-catenin-deficient human mesothelioma cells Cancer research 2005, 65(3):743-748. 15705870
51. Lee AY He B You L Dadfarmay S Xu Z Mazieres J Mikami I McCormick F Jablons DM Expression of the secreted frizzled-related protein gene family is downregulated in human mesothelioma Oncogene 2004, 23(39):6672-6676. 10.1038/sj.onc.1207881 15221014
52. Liu Z Klominek J Chemotaxis and chemokinesis of malignant mesothelioma cells to multiple growth factors Anticancer research 2004, 24(3a):1625-1630. 15274332
53. Edwards JG McLaren J Jones JL Waller DA O'Byrne KJ Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (gelatinases A and B) expression in malignant mesothelioma and benign pleura British journal of cancer 2003, 88(10):1553-1559. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600920 12771921
54. Hirano H Tsuji M Kizaki T Sashikata T Yoshi Y Okada Y Mori H Expression of matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, collagens, and Ki67 antigen in pleural malignant mesothelioma: An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study Med Electron Microsc 2002, 35(1):16-23. 10.1007/s007950200002 12111403
55. Liu Z Ivanoff A Klominek J Expression and activity of matrix metalloproteases in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines International journal of cancer 2001, 91(5):638-643. 10.1002/ 1097-0215(200002)9999:9999<:AID-IJC1102>3.0.CO;2-Y
56. Liu Z Klominek J Regulation of matrix metalloprotease activity in malignant mesothelioma cell lines by growth factors Thorax 2003, 58(3):198-203. 1746590 12612292 10.1136/thorax.58.3.198
57. Zhong J Gencay MM Bubendorf L Burgess JK Parson H Robinson BW Tamm M Black JL Roth M ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase control MMP-2, MT1-MMP, and TIMP action and affect cell migration: A comparison between mesothelioma and mesothelial cells Journal of cellular physiology 2006, 207(2):540-552. 10.1002/jcp.20605 16447244
58. Zha S Yegnasubramanian V Nelson WG Isaacs WB De Marzo AM Cyclooxygenases in cancer: Progress and perspective Cancer letters 2004, 215(1):1-20. 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.06.014 15374627
59. Lee TC Zhang Y Aston C Hintz R Jagirdar J Perle MA Burt M Rom WN Normal human mesothelial cells and mesothelioma cell lines express insulin-like growth factor I and associated molecules Cancer research 1993, 53(12):2858-2864. 7684950
60. Harvey P Warn A Dobbin S Arakaki N Daikuhara Y Jaurand MC Warn RM Expression of HGF/SF in mesothelioma cell lines and its effects on cell motility, proliferation and morphology British journal of cancer 1998, 77(7):1052-1059. 9569039
61. Asplund T Versnel MA Laurent TC Heldin P Human mesothelioma cells produce factors that stimulate the production of hyaluronan by mesothelial cells and fibroblasts Cancer research 1993, 53(2):388-392. 8417831
62. Yang H Bocchetta M Kroczynska B Elmishad AG Chen Y Liu Z Bubici C Mossman BT Pass HI Testa JR TNF-alpha inhibits asbestos-induced cytotoxicity via a NF-kappaB-dependent pathway, a possible mechanism for asbestos-induced oncogenesis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006, 103(27):10397-10402. 1502469 16798876 10.1073/pnas.0604008103
63. Destro A Ceresoli GL Falleni M Zucali PA Morenghi E Bianchi P Pellegrini C Cordani N Vaira V Alloisio M EGFR overexpression in malignant pleural mesothelioma. An immunohistochemical and molecular study with clinico-pathological correlations Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2006, 51(2):207-215. 16384623
64. Cacciotti P Libener R Betta P Martini F Porta C Procopio A Strizzi L Penengo L Tognon M Mutti L SV40 replication in human mesothelial cells induces HGF/Met receptor activation: A model for viral-related carcinogenesis of human malignant mesothelioma Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2001, 98(21):12032-12037. 59762 11572935 10.1073/pnas.211026798
65. Cacciotti P Strizzi L Vianale G Iaccheri L Libener R Porta C Tognon M Gaudino G Mutti L The presence of simian-virus 40 sequences in mesothelioma and mesothelial cells is associated with high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2002, 26(2):189-193. 11804869
66. Demirag F Unsal E Yilmaz A Caglar A Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis, and mitotic activity index in malignant pleural mesothelioma Chest 2005, 128(5):3382-3387. 10.1378/ chest.128.5.3382 16304288
67. Masood R Kundra A Zhu S Xia G Scalia P Smith DL Gill PS Malignant mesothelioma growth inhibition by agents that target the VEGF and VEGF-C autocrine loops International journal of cancer 2003, 104(5):603-610. 10.1002/ijc.10996
68. Strizzi L Catalano A Vianale G Orecchia S Casalini A Tassi G Puntoni R Mutti L Procopio A Vascular endothelial growth factor is an autocrine growth factor in human malignant mesothelioma The Journal of pathology 2001, 193(4):468-475. 10.1002/path.824 11276005
69. Versnel MA Hagemeijer A Bouts MJ Kwast van der TH Hoogsteden HC Expression of c-sis (PDGF B-chain) and PDGF A-chain genes in ten human malignant mesothelioma cell lines derived from primary and metastatic tumors Oncogene 1988, 2(6):601-605. 3290807
70. Adamson IY Bakowska J KGF and HGF are growth factors for mesothelial cells in pleural lavage fluid after intratracheal asbestos Experimental lung research 2001, 27(7):605-616. 10.1080/019021401753181854 11597120
71. Kindler HL Moving beyond chemotherapy: Novel cytostatic agents for malignant mesothelioma Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2004, 45(Suppl 1):S125-127. 15261445
72. Wojta J Kaun C Breuss JM Koshelnick Y Beckmann R Hattey E Mildner M Weninger W Nakamura T Tschachler E Hepatocyte growth factor increases expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human keratinocytes and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor flk-1 in human endothelial cells Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 1999, 79(4):427-438. 10211995
73. Bocchetta M Di Resta I Powers A Fresco R Tosolini A Testa JR Pass HI Rizzo P Carbone M Human mesothelial cells are unusually susceptible to simian virus 40-mediated transformation and asbestos cocarcinogenicity Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000, 97(18):10214-10219. 27818 10954737 10.1073/pnas.170207097
74. Riedl SJ Shi Y Molecular mechanisms of caspase regulation during apoptosis Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2004, 5(11):897-907. 10.1038/nrm1496 15520809
75. Dhaene K Wauters J Weyn B Timmermans JP van Marck E Expression profile of telomerase subunits in human pleural mesothelioma The Journal of pathology 2000, 190(1):80-85. 10.1002/ (SICI)1096-9896(200001)190:1<80::AID-PATH498>3.0.CO;2-7 10640996
76. Foddis R De Rienzo A Broccoli D Bocchetta M Stekala E Rizzo P Tosolini A Grobelny JV Jhanwar SC Pass HI SV40 infection induces telomerase activity in human mesothelial cells Oncogene 2002, 21(9):1434-1442. 10.1038/sj.onc.1205203 11857086
77. Sebastien P Janson X Gaudichet A Hirsch A Bignon J Asbestos retention in human respiratory tissues: Comparative measurements in lung parenchyma and in parietal pleura IARC scientific publications 1980, 30:237-246. 7239642
78. Ault JG Cole RW Jensen CG Jensen LC Bachert LA Rieder CL Behavior of crocidolite asbestos during mitosis in living vertebrate lung epithelial cells Cancer research 1995, 55(4):792-798. 7850791
79. Kamp DW Israbian VA Preusen SE Zhang CX Weitzman SA Asbestos causes DNA strand breaks in cultured pulmonary epithelial cells: Role of iron-catalyzed free radicals The American journal of physiology 1995, 268(3 Pt 1):L471-480. 7900829
80. Gulumian M van Wyk JA Hydroxyl radical production in the presence of fibres by a Fenton-type reaction Chemico-biological interactions 1987, 62(1):89-97. 10.1016/0009-2797(87)90081-0 3034439
81. Hansen K Mossman BT Generation of superoxide (O2-.) from alveolar macrophages exposed to asbestiform and nonfibrous particles Cancer research 1987, 47(6):1681-1686. 3028612
82. Choe N Tanaka S Kagan E Asbestos fibers and interleukin-1 upregulate the formation of reactive nitrogen species in rat pleural mesothelial cells Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1998, 19(2):226-236. 9698594
83. Rosenthal GJ Simeonova P Corsini E Asbestos toxicity: An immunologic perspective Reviews on environmental health 1999, 14(1):11-20. 10372416
84. Aung W Hasegawa S Furukawa T Saga T Potential role of ferritin heavy chain in oxidative stress and apoptosis in human mesothelial and mesothelioma cells: Implications for asbestos-induced oncogenesis Carcinogenesis 2007. 17434931
85. Landi S Gemignani F Neri M Barale R Bonassi S Bottari F Canessa PA Canzian F Ceppi M Filiberti R Polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase M1 and manganese superoxide dismutase are associated with the risk of malignant pleural mesothelioma International journal of cancer 2007, 120(12):2739-2743. 10.1002/ijc.22590
86. Neri M Filiberti R Taioli E Garte S Paracchini V Bolognesi C Canessa PA Fontana V Ivaldi GP Verna A Pleural malignant mesothelioma, genetic susceptibility and asbestos exposure Mutation research 2005, 592(1-2):36-44. 15993904
87. Mancuso TF Relative risk of mesothelioma among railroad machinists exposed to chrysotile American journal of industrial medicine 1988, 13(6):639-657. 10.1002/ajim.4700130604 2839031
88. Bertino P Marconi A Palumbo L Bruni BM Barbone D Germano S Dogan AU Tassi GF Porta C Mutti L Erionite and asbestos differently cause transformation of human mesothelial cells International journal of cancer 2007, 121(1):12-20. 10.1002/ijc.22687
89. Comba P Gianfagna A Paoletti L Pleural mesothelioma cases in Biancavilla are related to a new fluoro-edenite fibrous amphibole Archives of environmental health 2003, 58(4):229-232. 10.3200/AEOH.58.4.229-232 14655903
90. Nicholson WJ The carcinogenicity of chrysotile asbestos - a review Industrial health 2001, 39(2):57-64. 10.2486/indhealth.39.57 11341559
91. McDonald JC Armstrong BG Edwards CW Gibbs AR Lloyd HM Pooley FD Ross DJ Rudd RM Case-referent survey of young adults with mesothelioma: I. Lung fibre analyses The Annals of occupational hygiene 2001, 45(7):513-518. 10.1016/S0003-4878(01)00046-1 11583653
92. Stanton MF Wrench C Mechanisms of mesothelioma induction with asbestos and fibrous glass Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1972, 48(3):797-821. 5058974
93. Yarborough CM The risk of mesothelioma from exposure to chrysotile asbestos Current opinion in pulmonary medicine 2007, 13(4):334-338. 10.1097/MCP.0b013e328121446c 17534182
94. Yarborough CM Chrysotile as a cause of mesothelioma: An assessment based on epidemiology Critical reviews in toxicology 2006, 36(2):165-187. 10.1080/10408440500534248 16736942
95. Report on the expert panel on health effects of asbestos and synthetic vitreous fibers: The influence of fiber length http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ HAC/asbestospanel/finalpart1.pdf
96. Jaurand MC Observations on the carcinogenicity of asbestos fibers Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1991, 643:258-270. 10.1111/ j.1749-6632.1991.tb24470.x 1809138
97. Huuskonen MS Karjalainen A Tossavainen A Rantanen J Asbestos and cancer in Finland La Medicina del lavoro 1995, 86(5):426-434. 8684292
98. Marchevsky AM Harber P Crawford L Wick MR Mesothelioma in patients with nonoccupational asbestos exposure. An evidence-based approach to causation assessment Annals of diagnostic pathology 2006, 10(4):241-250. 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2006.06.012 16844568
99. Neuberger M Kundi M Individual asbestos exposure: Smoking and mortality - a cohort study in the asbestos cement industry British journal of industrial medicine 1990, 47(9):615-620. 1035247 2169860
100. Inoue YZ Frassica FJ Sim FH Unni KK Petersen IA McLeod RA Clinicopathologic features and treatment of postirradiation sarcoma of bone and soft tissue Journal of surgical oncology 2000, 75(1):42-50. 10.1002/1096-9098(200009)75:1<42::AID-JSO8>3.0.CO;2-G 11025461
101. Sugarbaker DJ Flores RM Jaklitsch MT Richards WG Strauss GM Corson JM DeCamp MM Jr Swanson SJ Bueno R Lukanich JM Resection margins, extrapleural nodal status, and cell type determine postoperative long-term survival in trimodality therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma: Results in 183 patients The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 1999, 117(1):54-63. discussion 63-55 10.1016/ S0022-5223(99)70469-1
102. Hill JK Heitmiller RF 2nd Askin FB Kuhlman JE Localized benign pleural mesothelioma arising in a radiation field Clinical imaging 1997, 21(30):189-194. 10.1016/S0899-7071(96)00024-1 9156307
103. Neragi-Miandoab S Gangadharan SP Sugarbaker DJ Cardiac sarcoma 14 years after treatment for pleural mesothelioma The New England journal of medicine 2005, 352(18):1929-1930. 10.1056/NEJM200505053521821 15872213
104. Kawashima A Libshitz HI Lukeman JM Radiation-induced malignant pleural mesothelioma Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l'Association canadienne des radiologistes 1990, 41(6):384-386. 2257515
105. Shannon VR Nesbitt JC Libshitz HI Malignant pleural mesothelioma after radiation therapy for breast cancer. A report of two additional patients Cancer 1995, 76(3):437-441. 10.1002/ 1097-0142(19950801)76:3<437::AID-CNCR2820760314>3.0.CO;2-A 8625125
106. Lerman Y Learman Y Schachter P Herceg E Lieberman Y Yellin A Radiation associated malignant pleural mesothelioma Thorax 1991, 46(6):463-464. 463201 1858091
107. Babcock TL Powell DH Bothwell RS Radiation-induced peritoneal mesothelioma Journal of surgical oncology 1976, 8(5):369-372. 10.1002/ jso.2930080503 994503
108. Huncharek M Non-asbestos related diffuse malignant mesothelioma Tumori 2002, 88(1):1-9. 12004841
109. Anderson KA Hurley WC Hurley BT Ohrt DW Malignant pleural mesothelioma following radiotherapy in a 16-year-old boy Cancer 1985, 56(2):273-276. 10.1002/1097-0142(19850715)56:2<273::AID-CNCR2820560212>3.0.CO;2-0 2988741
110. Austin MB Fechner RE Roggli VL Pleural malignant mesothelioma following Wilms' tumor American journal of clinical pathology 1986, 86(2):227-230. 3017091
111. Gilks B Hegedus C Freeman H Fratkin L Churg A Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma after remote abdominal radiation Cancer 1988, 61(10):2019-2021. 10.1002/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<2019::AID- CNCR2820611015>3.0.CO;2-K 3282640
112. Weissmann LB Corson JM Neugut AI Antman KH Malignant mesothelioma following treatment for Hodgkin's disease J Clin Oncol 1996, 14(7):2098-2100. 8683242
113. Cavazza A Travis LB Travis WD Wolfe JT 3rd Foo ML Gillespie DJ Weidner N Colby TV Post-irradiation malignant mesothelioma Cancer 1996, 77(7):1379-1385. 10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0142(19960401)77:7<1379::AID-CNCR24>3.0.CO;2-Y 8608519
114. Cahan WG Woodard HQ Higinbotham NL Stewart FW Coley BL Sarcoma arising in irradiated bone: Report of eleven cases. 1948 Cancer 1998, 82(1):8-34. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980101)82:1<8::AID- CNCR3>3.0.CO;2-W 9428476
115. Miracco C Materno M De Santi MM Pirtoli L Ninfo V Unusual second malignancies following radiation therapy: Subcutaneous pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma and cutaneous melanoma. Two case reports Journal of cutaneous pathology 2000, 27(8):419-422. 10.1034/ j.1600-0560.2000.027008419.x 10955690
116. Hussussian CJ Mackinnon SE Postradiation neural sheath sarcoma of the brachial plexus: A case report Annals of plastic surgery 1999, 43(3):313-317. 10.1097/00000637-199909000-00017 10490187
117. Hofmann J Mintzer D Warhol MJ Malignant mesothelioma following radiation therapy The American journal of medicine 1994, 97(40):379-382. 10.1016/ 0002-9343(94)90307-7 7942942
118. Mesurolle B Qanadli SD Merad M Mignon F Baldeyrou P Tardivon A Lacombe P Vanel D Unusual radiologic findings in the thorax after radiation therapy Radiographics 2000, 20(1):67-81. 10682772
119. Testa JRPH Carbone M Molecular biology of mesothelioma Philadelphia: Lippincott 2001
120. Carbone M Kratzke RA Testa JR The pathogenesis of mesothelioma Seminars in oncology 2002, 29(1):2-17. 10.1053/sonc.2002.30227 11836664
121. Bocchetta M Miele L Pass HI Carbone M Notch-1 induction, a novel activity of SV40 required for growth of SV40-transformed human mesothelial cells Oncogene 2003, 22(1):81-89. 10.1038/sj.onc.1206097 12527910
122. Cacciotti P Barbone D Porta C Altomare DA Testa JR Mutti L Gaudino G SV40-dependent AKT activity drives mesothelial cell transformation after asbestos exposure Cancer research 2005, 65(12):5256-5262. 10.1158/ 0008-5472.CAN-05-0127 15958571
123. Cristaudo A Foddis R Vivaldi A Buselli R Gattini V Guglielmi G Cosentino F Ottenga F Ciancia E Libener R SV40 enhances the risk of malignant mesothelioma among people exposed to asbestos: A molecular epidemiologic case-control study Cancer research 2005, 65(8):3049-3052. 15833832
124. Robinson C van Bruggen I Segal A Dunham M Sherwood A Koentgen F Robinson BW Lake RA A novel SV40 TAg transgenic model of asbestos-induced mesothelioma: Malignant transformation is dose dependent Cancer research 2006, 66(22):10786-10794. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4668 17108115
125. Pietruska JR Kane AB SV40 oncoproteins enhance asbestos-induced DNA double-strand breaks and abrogate senescence in murine mesothelial cells Cancer research 2007, 67(8):3637-3645. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3727 17440075
126. Pepper C Jasani B Navabi H Wynford-Thomas D Gibbs AR Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg) primer specific DNA amplification in human pleural mesothelioma tissue Thorax 1996, 51(11):1074-1076. 1090515 8958887
127. Butel JS Jafar S Stewart AR Lednicky JA Detection of authentic SV40 DNA sequences in human brain and bone tumours Developments in biological standardization 1998, 94:23-32. 9776222
128. Klein G Powers A Croce C Association of SV40 with human tumors Oncogene 2002, 21(8):1141-1149. 10.1038/sj.onc.1205173 11850833
129. Pass HI Donington JS Wu P Rizzo P Nishimura M Kennedy R Carbone M Human mesotheliomas contain the simian virus-40 regulatory region and large tumor antigen DNA sequences The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 1998, 116(5):854-859. 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)00438-3
130. Testa JR Carbone M Hirvonen A Khalili K Krynska B Linnainmaa K Pooley FD Rizzo P Rusch V Xiao GH A multi-institutional study confirms the presence and expression of simian virus 40 in human malignant mesotheliomas Cancer research 1998, 58(20):4505-4509. 9788590
131. Vilchez RA Kozinetz CA Arrington AS Madden CR Butel JS Simian virus 40 in human cancers The American journal of medicine 2003, 114(8):675-684. 10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00087-1 12798456
132. Carbone M Pass HI Rizzo P Marinetti M Di Muzio M Mew DJ Levine AS Procopio A Simian virus 40-like DNA sequences in human pleural mesothelioma Oncogene 1994, 9(6):1781-1790. 8183577
133. Griffiths DJ Nicholson AG Weiss RA Detection of SV40 sequences in human mesothelioma Developments in biological standardization 1998, 94:127-136. 9776233
134. Engels EA Katki HA Nielsen NM Winther JF Hjalgrim H Gjerris F Rosenberg PS Frisch M Cancer incidence in Denmark following exposure to poliovirus vaccine contaminated with simian virus 40 Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2003, 95(7):532-539. 12671021
135. Manfredi JJ Dong J Liu WJ Resnick-Silverman L Qiao R Chahinian P Saric M Gibbs AR Phillips JI Murray J Evidence against a role for SV40 in human mesothelioma Cancer research 2005, 65(7):2602-2609. 10.1158/ 0008-5472.CAN-04-2461 15805256
136. Mayall F Barratt K Shanks J The detection of Simian virus 40 in mesotheliomas from New Zealand and England using real time FRET probe PCR protocols Journal of clinical pathology 2003, 56(10):728-730. 1770089 14514773 10.1136/jcp.56.10.728
137. Coffin CM Dehner LP Mesothelial and related neoplasms in children and adolescents: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of eight cases Pediatr Pathol 1992, 12(3):333-347. 1384016 10.3109/ 15513819209023314
138. Vanneuville G Escande G Dechelotte P Demeocq F Nebout P Scheye T Goddon R Campagne D Malignant pleural tumor in a child mimicking a mesothelioma Eur J Pediatr Surg 1993, 3(6):362-365. 8110720
139. Fraire AE Cooper S Greenberg SD Buffler P Langston C Mesothelioma of childhood Cancer 1988, 62(4):838-847. 10.1002/ 1097-0142(19880815)62:4<838::AID-CNCR2820620433>3.0.CO;2-9 3293765
140. Hubbard R The aetiology of mesothelioma: Are risk factors other than asbestos exposure important? Thorax 1997, 52(6):496-497. 1758579 9227712
141. Niggli FK Gray TJ Raafat F Stevens MC Spectrum of peritoneal mesothelioma in childhood: Clinical and histopathologic features, including DNA cytometry Pediatric hematology and oncology 1994, 11(4):399-408. 10.3109/08880019409140539
142. Antman KH Ruxer RL Jr Aisner J Vawter G Mesothelioma following Wilms' tumor in childhood Cancer 1984, 54(2):367-369. 10.1002/ 1097-0142(19840715)54:2<367::AID-CNCR2820540232>3.0.CO;2-Y 6327010
143. Kumar-Singh S Segers K Rodeck U Backhovens H Bogers J Weyler J Van Broeckhoven C Van Marck E WT1 mutation in malignant mesothelioma and WT1 immunoreactivity in relation to p53 and growth factor receptor expression, cell-type transition, and prognosis The Journal of pathology 1997, 181(1):67-74. 10.1002/ (SICI)1096-9896(199701)181:1<67::AID-PATH723>3.0.CO;2-Z 9072005
144. Langerak AW Williamson KA Miyagawa K Hagemeijer A Versnel MA Hastie ND Expression of the Wilms' tumor gene WT1 in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines and relationship to platelet-derived growth factor A and insulin-like growth factor 2 expression Genes, chromosomes & cancer 1995, 12(2):87-96. 10.1002/gcc.2870120203 7535092
145. Park S Schalling M Bernard A Maheswaran S Shipley GC Roberts D Fletcher
146. Ascoli V Cavone D Merler E Barbieri PG Romeo L Nardi F Musti M Mesothelioma in blood related subjects: Report of 11 clusters among 1954 Italy cases and review of the literature American journal of industrial medicine 2007, 50(5):357-369. 10.1002/ajim.20451 17407142
147. Bianchi C Brollo A Ramani L Bianchi T Giarelli L Familial mesothelioma of the pleura - a report of 40 cases Industrial health 2004, 42(2):235-239. 10.2486/indhealth.42.235 15128174
148. Nymark P Lindholm PM Korpela MV Lahti L Ruosaari S Kaski S Hollmen J Anttila S Kinnula VL Knuutila S Gene expression profiles in asbestos-exposed epithelial and mesothelial lung cell lines BMC genomics 2007, 8:62. 1821332 17331233 10.1186/1471-2164-8-62
149. Dianzani I Gibello L Biava A Giordano M Bertolotti M Betti M Ferrante D Guarrera S Betta GP Mirabelli D Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes as risk factors for asbestos-related malignant mesothelioma in a general population study Mutation research 2006, 599(1-2):124-134. 16564556
150. Ohar JA Ampleford EJ Howard SE Sterling DA Identification of a mesothelioma phenotype Respiratory medicine 2007, 101(3):503-509. 10.1016/j.rmed.2006.06.028 16919927
151. Bianchi C Bianchi T Malignant mesothelioma: Global incidence and relationship with asbestos Industrial health 2007, 45(3):379-387. 10.2486/indhealth.45.379 17634686
152. Altomare DA Vaslet CA Skele KL De Rienzo A Devarajan K Jhanwar SC McClatchey AI Kane AB Testa JR A mouse model recapitulating molecular features of human mesothelioma Cancer research 2005, 65(18):8090-8095. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2312 16166281