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Volumn 130, Issue 31, 2008, Pages 10187-10198

Theory of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions: Distortion/interaction and frontier molecular orbital models

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLENE; CYCLOADDITION; ETHYLENE; LIGHTING; MOLECULAR ORBITALS; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; QUANTUM CHEMISTRY;

EID: 48749096518     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja800009z     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (735)

References (119)
  • 10
  • 14
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    • Padwa, A, Ed, John Wiley and Sons: New York
    • (c) Houk, K. N. In 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry; Padwa, A., Ed.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1984; Vol. 2.
    • (1984) 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry , vol.2
    • Houk, K.N.1
  • 22
    • 0001514418 scopus 로고
    • Marchand. A. P, Lehr, R. E, Eds, Academic Press: New York
    • (c) Houk, K. N. In Pericyclic Reactions; Marchand. A. P.; Lehr, R. E., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1977; Vol. 2, p 181.
    • (1977) Pericyclic Reactions , vol.2 , pp. 181
    • Houk, K.N.1
  • 24
    • 0041863963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For recent uses of FMO theory for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, see: (a) Jikyo, T.; Schatz, J.; Maas, G. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2003, 16, 504.
    • For recent uses of FMO theory for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, see: (a) Jikyo, T.; Schatz, J.; Maas, G. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2003, 16, 504.
  • 46
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    • Previous CI calculations actually favored a diradical mechanism: Hiberty, P. C.; Ohanessian, G.; Schlegel, H. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 719.
    • (b) Previous CI calculations actually favored a diradical mechanism: Hiberty, P. C.; Ohanessian, G.; Schlegel, H. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 719.
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    • Frisch, M. J.; et al. Gaussian 03, Revision C.02; Gaussian, Inc: Wallingford CT, 2004.
    • (2004) Gaussian 03, Revision , Issue.C.02
    • Frisch, M.J.1
  • 60
    • 0003464216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Values taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST, June Release
    • Values taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Chemistry Webbook (NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, June 2005 Release).
    • (2005) Chemistry Webbook (NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69
  • 61
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    • The only parent reaction studied experimentally is that of diazomethane cycloaddition to ethylene in DMF. See: (a) Geittner, J, Huisgen, R, Sustmann, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 10, 881
    • The only parent reaction studied experimentally is that of diazomethane cycloaddition to ethylene in DMF. See: (a) Geittner, J.; Huisgen, R.; Sustmann, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 10, 881.
  • 63
    • 0035811871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The valence-bond configuration mixing treatment of Pross and Shaik describes reaction pathways (including the transition state) based on the extent of mixing of ground and excited state configurations and focuses on the specific bonds that are made and broken and their relative configurations. In this model the barrier is a result from an avoided crossing of two spin configuration wavefunctions. For 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions this would involve the avoided crossing of the singlet ground state of the 1,3-dipole and dipolarophile leading to the cycloadduct in a triplet excited state and the reactants in the excited state triplet state leading to the singlet product ground state. The transition state is then a function of the avoided curve crossing of the singlet and triplet states for the forming σ-bonds and is typically correlated with the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST) of the reactants; a lower ΔEST value for the reactants gives a lower barrie
    • ST value for the reactants gives a lower barrier, earlier transition state, and greater exothermic reaction energy, See refs 23, 24, and the following: (a) Liao, H-Y.; Su, M-D.; Chung, W-S.; Chu, S-Y. Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2001, 83, 318.
  • 72
    • 48749102787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For dipoles 1-6, only the stepwise transition state for HCNO + acetylene was located with UB3LYP.
    • For dipoles 1-6, only the stepwise transition state for HCNO + acetylene was located with UB3LYP.
  • 73
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    • 2 values.
    • 2 values.
  • 106
    • 48749130449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziegler and Rauk have considered distortion energy as apart of their extended transition state method: (a) Ziegler, T, Rauk, A. Theor. Chim. Acta 1977, 46, 1
    • Ziegler and Rauk have considered distortion energy as apart of their extended transition state method: (a) Ziegler, T.; Rauk, A. Theor. Chim. Acta 1977, 46, 1.
  • 107
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    • lnorg
    • (b) Ziegler, T.; Rauk, A. lnorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 1755.
    • (1979) Chem , vol.18 , pp. 1755
    • Ziegler, T.1    Rauk, A.2
  • 109
    • 48749096317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In a unimolecular reaction, ΔE‡, ΔEd‡
    • d‡.
  • 111
    • 48749118052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • d‡, with the intercept equal to zero. Ess, D. H.; Khaliullin, R. Z.; Head-Gordon, M.; Houk, K. N. Manuscript in preparation.
    • d‡, with the intercept equal to zero. Ess, D. H.; Khaliullin, R. Z.; Head-Gordon, M.; Houk, K. N. Manuscript in preparation.
  • 112
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    • For a definitive study on the activation barriers for the dipolar cycloadditions of ozone with ethylene and acetylene, see: Wheeler, S. E, Ess, D. H, Houk, K. N. J. Phys. Chem. A 2008, 112, 1798
    • For a definitive study on the activation barriers for the dipolar cycloadditions of ozone with ethylene and acetylene, see: Wheeler, S. E.; Ess, D. H.; Houk, K. N. J. Phys. Chem. A 2008, 112, 1798.
  • 113
    • 0006247176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • r. Yates has proposed an alternative form of the Marcus equation that includes an eccentricity or asymmetry variable (ranging from 0 to 1) in front of the intrinsic barrier term. See: Yates, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6511. Point 2 was suggested by personal communication with R. Marcus.
    • r. Yates has proposed an alternative form of the Marcus equation that includes an eccentricity or asymmetry variable (ranging from 0 to 1) in front of the intrinsic barrier term. See: Yates, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 6511. Point 2 was suggested by personal communication with R. Marcus.
  • 114
    • 0042208364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When reactant and product parabola curvature are nearly equal, there is typically much better correlation between activation barriers and reaction energies. See for example
    • (b) When reactant and product parabola curvature are nearly equal, there is typically much better correlation between activation barriers and reaction energies. See for example: Alabugin, I. V.; Manoharan, M.; Breiner, B.; Lewis, F. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9329.
    • (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.125 , pp. 9329
    • Alabugin, I.V.1    Manoharan, M.2    Breiner, B.3    Lewis, F.D.4
  • 116
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    • Here we are concerned with dipolarophile reactivity, not regioselectivity differences. Rastelli and co-workers have previously shown that dipolarophile distortion energy is important for diasterofacial selectivity in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with cyclobutenes. See for example: (a) Bagatti, M.; Rastelli, A.; Burdisso, M.; Gandolfi, R. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 1992, 5, 819.
    • Here we are concerned with dipolarophile reactivity, not regioselectivity differences. Rastelli and co-workers have previously shown that dipolarophile distortion energy is important for diasterofacial selectivity in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions with cyclobutenes. See for example: (a) Bagatti, M.; Rastelli, A.; Burdisso, M.; Gandolfi, R. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 1992, 5, 819.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.