메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 115, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 973-982

Neurotrophin and neuropeptide expression in mouse brain is regulated by knockout of the norepinephrine transporter

Author keywords

BDNF; CRF; mRNA; NGF; Norepinephrine transporter knockout; NT 3; Protein

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; MESSENGER RNA; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROPEPTIDE; NEUROTROPHIN; NEUROTROPHIN 3; NORADRENALIN TRANSPORTER;

EID: 46649105672     PISSN: 03009564     EISSN: 14351463     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00702-008-0039-2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 1242317838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of genes regulated by chronic psychosocial stress and antidepressant treatment in the hippocampus
    • Alfonso J, Pollewick GD, van der Hart MG, Flügge G, Fuchs E, Frasch AC (2004) Identification of genes regulated by chronic psychosocial stress and antidepressant treatment in the hippocampus. Eur J Neurosci 19:659-666
    • (2004) Eur J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 659-666
    • Alfonso, J.1    Pollewick, G.D.2    Van Der Hart, M.G.3    Flügge, G.4    Fuchs, E.5    Frasch, A.C.6
  • 2
    • 0033079596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophins and depression
    • Altar CA (1999) Neurotrophins and depression. Trends Pharmacol Sci 20:59-61
    • (1999) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.20 , pp. 59-61
    • Altar, C.A.1
  • 3
    • 0142040220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of electroconvulsive seizures and antidepressant drugs on brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat brain
    • Altar CA, Whitehead RE, Chen R, Wortwein G, Madsen TM (2003) Effects of electroconvulsive seizures and antidepressant drugs on brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat brain. Biol Psychiatry 54:703-709
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 703-709
    • Altar, C.A.1    Whitehead, R.E.2    Chen, R.3    Wortwein, G.4    Madsen, T.M.5
  • 4
    • 0028039812 scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophin-3 prevents the death of adult central noradrenergic neurons in vivo
    • Arenas E, Persson H (1994) Neurotrophin-3 prevents the death of adult central noradrenergic neurons in vivo. Nature 367:368-371
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 368-371
    • Arenas, E.1    Persson, H.2
  • 5
    • 33748575313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CRF signalling: Molecular specificity for drug targeting in the CNS
    • Arzt E, Holsboer F (2006) CRF signalling: molecular specificity for drug targeting in the CNS. Trends Pharmacol Sci 27:531-538
    • (2006) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.27 , pp. 531-538
    • Arzt, E.1    Holsboer, F.2
  • 6
    • 33748109013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress sensitivity and the development of affective disorders
    • Bale TL (2006) Stress sensitivity and the development of affective disorders. Horm Behav 50:529-533
    • (2006) Horm Behav , vol.50 , pp. 529-533
    • Bale, T.L.1
  • 7
    • 31444441701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches to antidepressant drug discovery: Beyond monoamines
    • Berton O, Nestler EJ (2006) New approaches to antidepressant drug discovery: beyond monoamines. Nat Rev Neurosci 7:137-151
    • (2006) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.7 , pp. 137-151
    • Berton, O.1    Nestler, E.J.2
  • 9
    • 33847159529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The norepinephrine transporter in physiology and disease
    • Sitte HH, Freissmuth M (eds) Neurotransmitter transporters, Springer, Heidelberg
    • Bönisch H and Brüss M (2006) The norepinephrine transporter in physiology and disease. In: Sitte HH, Freissmuth M (eds) Neurotransmitter transporters, Handbook of experimental pharmacology, vol 175. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 485-524
    • (2006) Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology , vol.175 , pp. 485-524
    • Bönisch, H.1    Brüss, M.2
  • 10
    • 0742271349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophic effects of antidepressant drugs
    • Castren E (2004) Neurotrophic effects of antidepressant drugs. Curr Opin Pharmacol 4:58-64
    • (2004) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.4 , pp. 58-64
    • Castren, E.1
  • 11
    • 14844298782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is mood chemistry?
    • Castren E (2005) Is mood chemistry? Nat Rev Neurosci 6:241-246
    • (2005) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 241-246
    • Castren, E.1
  • 12
    • 0035884944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel and transient populations of corticotropin-releasing hormone-expressing neurons in developing hippocampus suggest unique functional roles: A quantitative spatiotemporal analysis
    • Chen Y, Bender RA, Frotscher M, Baram TZ (2001) Novel and transient populations of corticotropin-releasing hormone-expressing neurons in developing hippocampus suggest unique functional roles: a quantitative spatiotemporal analysis. J Neurosci 21:7171-7181
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 7171-7181
    • Chen, Y.1    Bender, R.A.2    Frotscher, M.3    Baram, T.Z.4
  • 13
    • 2942587062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal corticotropin releasing hormone: Pre- and postsynaptic location and release by stress
    • Chen Y, Brunson KL, Adelmann G, Bender RA, Frotscher M, Baram TZ (2004) Hippocampal corticotropin releasing hormone: pre- and postsynaptic location and release by stress. Neuroscience 126:533-540
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.126 , pp. 533-540
    • Chen, Y.1    Brunson, K.L.2    Adelmann, G.3    Bender, R.A.4    Frotscher, M.5    Baram, T.Z.6
  • 14
    • 0037410392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bi-phasic change in BDNF gene expression following antidepressant drug treatment
    • Coppell AL, Pei QA, Zetterström TSC (2003) Bi-phasic change in BDNF gene expression following antidepressant drug treatment. Neuropharmacology 44:903-910
    • (2003) Neuropharmacology , vol.44 , pp. 903-910
    • Coppell, A.L.1    Pei, Q.A.2    Zetterström, T.S.C.3
  • 15
    • 26044460006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ascent of mouse: Advantages in modelling human depression and anxiety
    • Cryan JF, Holmes A (2005) The ascent of mouse: advantages in modelling human depression and anxiety. Nat Rev Drug Discov 4:775-790
    • (2005) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.4 , pp. 775-790
    • Cryan, J.F.1    Holmes, A.2
  • 16
    • 0035940496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress-induced changes in cerebral metabolites, hippocampal volume, and cell proliferation are prevented by antidepressant treatment with tianeptine
    • Czeh B, Michaelis T, Watanabe T, Frahm J, de Biurrun G, van Kampen M, Bartolomucci A, Fuchs E (2001) Stress-induced changes in cerebral metabolites, hippocampal volume, and cell proliferation are prevented by antidepressant treatment with tianeptine. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98:12796-12801
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.98 , pp. 12796-12801
    • Czeh, B.1    Michaelis, T.2    Watanabe, T.3    Frahm, J.4    De Biurrun, G.5    Van Kampen, M.6    Bartolomucci, A.7    Fuchs, E.8
  • 17
    • 0027503187 scopus 로고
    • Association of fluoxetine treatment with reductions in CSF concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin in patients with major depression
    • de Bellis MD, Gold PW, Geracioti Jr TD, Listwak SJ, Kling MA (1993) Association of fluoxetine treatment with reductions in CSF concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin in patients with major depression. Am J Psychiatry 150:656-657
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 656-657
    • De Bellis, M.D.1    Gold, P.W.2    Geracioti Jr., T.D.3    Listwak, S.J.4    Kling, M.A.5
  • 18
    • 20044395965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress and the brain: From adaptation to disease
    • de Kloet ER, Joels M, Holsboer F (2005) Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 6:463-475
    • (2005) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 463-475
    • De Kloet, E.R.1    Joels, M.2    Holsboer, F.3
  • 19
    • 1642307557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of neurotrophic factors in the etiology and treatment of mood disorders
    • Duman RS (2004) Role of neurotrophic factors in the etiology and treatment of mood disorders. Neuromolecular Med 5:11-25
    • (2004) Neuromolecular Med , vol.5 , pp. 11-25
    • Duman, R.S.1
  • 23
    • 0027317440 scopus 로고
    • Nerve growth factor and p75 NGFR factor mRNA change in rodent CNS following stress activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis
    • Foreman PJ, Taglialatela G, Angelucci L, Turner PC, Perez-Polo JR (1993) Nerve growth factor and p75 NGFR factor mRNA change in rodent CNS following stress activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. J Neurosci 36:10-18
    • (1993) J Neurosci , vol.36 , pp. 10-18
    • Foreman, P.J.1    Taglialatela, G.2    Angelucci, L.3    Turner, P.C.4    Perez-Polo, J.R.5
  • 25
    • 33645505177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of in vitro and in vivo reference genes for internal standardization of real-time PCR data
    • Gilsbach R, Kouta M, Bönisch H, Brüss M (2006b) Comparison of in vitro and in vivo reference genes for internal standardization of real-time PCR data. Biotechniques 40:173-177
    • (2006) Biotechniques , vol.40 , pp. 173-177
    • Gilsbach, R.1    Kouta, M.2    Bönisch, H.3    Brüss, M.4
  • 26
    • 2442597374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mood disorders
    • Hashimoto K, Shimizu E, Iyo M (2004) Critical role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mood disorders. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:104-114
    • (2004) Brain Res Brain Res Rev , vol.45 , pp. 104-114
    • Hashimoto, K.1    Shimizu, E.2    Iyo, M.3
  • 27
    • 0036024262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subchronic treatment with lithium increases nerve growth factor content in distinct brain regions of adult rats
    • Hellweg R, Lang UE, Nagel M, Baumgartner A (2002) Subchronic treatment with lithium increases nerve growth factor content in distinct brain regions of adult rats. Mol Psychiatry 7:604-608
    • (2002) Mol Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. 604-608
    • Hellweg, R.1    Lang, U.E.2    Nagel, M.3    Baumgartner, A.4
  • 28
    • 33751181431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory bulbectomy in mice leads to increased BDNF levels and decreased serotonin turnover in depression-related brain areas
    • Hellweg R Zueger M, Fink K, Hörtnagl H, Gass P (2007) Olfactory bulbectomy in mice leads to increased BDNF levels and decreased serotonin turnover in depression-related brain areas. Neurobiol Dis 25:1-7
    • (2007) Neurobiol Dis , vol.25 , pp. 1-7
    • Hellweg Zueger, R.M.1    Fink, K.2    Hörtnagl, H.3    Gass, P.4
  • 29
    • 0033799293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) in elderly patients with major depression
    • Hock C, Heese K, Müller-Spahn F, Huber P, Riesen W, Nitsch RM, Otten U (2000) Increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) in elderly patients with major depression. Mol Psychiatry 5:510-513
    • (2000) Mol Psychiatry , vol.5 , pp. 510-513
    • Hock, C.1    Heese, K.2    Müller-Spahn, F.3    Huber, P.4    Riesen, W.5    Nitsch, R.M.6    Otten, U.7
  • 30
    • 0025279814 scopus 로고
    • Regional distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the adult mouse brain
    • Hofer M, Pagliusi SR, Hohn A, Leibrock J, Barde YA (1990) Regional distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the adult mouse brain. EMBO J 9:2459-2464
    • (1990) EMBO J , vol.9 , pp. 2459-2464
    • Hofer, M.1    Pagliusi, S.R.2    Hohn, A.3    Leibrock, J.4    Barde, Y.A.5
  • 31
    • 0037284475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing hormone modulators and depression
    • Holsboer F (2003) Corticotropin-releasing hormone modulators and depression. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4:46-50
    • (2003) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.4 , pp. 46-50
    • Holsboer, F.1
  • 33
    • 0037621531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic and serotoninergic blockade inhibits BDNF mRNA activation following exercise and antidepressants
    • Ivy AS, Rodriguez FG, Garcia C, Chen MJ, Russo-Neustadt AA (2003) Noradrenergic and serotoninergic blockade inhibits BDNF mRNA activation following exercise and antidepressants. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 75:81-88
    • (2003) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.75 , pp. 81-88
    • Ivy, A.S.1    Rodriguez, F.G.2    Garcia, C.3    Chen, M.J.4    Russo-Neustadt, A.A.5
  • 34
    • 0030955975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rats and its changes with the development in the brain
    • Katoh-Semba R, Takeuchi IK, Semba R, Kato K (1997) Distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rats and its changes with the development in the brain. J Neurochem 69:34-42
    • (1997) J Neurochem , vol.69 , pp. 34-42
    • Katoh-Semba, R.1    Takeuchi, I.K.2    Semba, R.3    Kato, K.4
  • 35
    • 19944414033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Listening to mutant mice: A spotlight on the role of CRF/CRF receptor systems in affective disorders
    • Keck ME, Ohl F, Holsboer F, Müller M (2005) Listening to mutant mice: a spotlight on the role of CRF/CRF receptor systems in affective disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 29:867-889
    • (2005) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.29 , pp. 867-889
    • Keck, M.E.1    Ohl, F.2    Holsboer, F.3    Müller, M.4
  • 38
    • 0027933179 scopus 로고
    • Cell-type-specific expression of catecholamine transporters in the rat brain
    • Lorang D, Amara SG, Simerly RB (1994) Cell-type-specific expression of catecholamine transporters in the rat brain. J Neurosci 14:4903-4914
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 4903-4914
    • Lorang, D.1    Amara, S.G.2    Simerly, R.B.3
  • 40
    • 0034671366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus
    • Malberg JE, Eisch AJ, Nestler EJ, Duman RS (2000) Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. J Neurosci 20:9104-9110
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 9104-9110
    • Malberg, J.E.1    Eisch, A.J.2    Nestler, E.J.3    Duman, R.S.4
  • 41
    • 27744485503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant action: To the nucleus and beyond
    • Malberg JE, Blendy JA (2005) Antidepressant action: to the nucleus and beyond. Trends Pharmacol Sci 26:631-638
    • (2005) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.26 , pp. 631-638
    • Malberg, J.E.1    Blendy, J.A.2
  • 42
    • 0038147541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing neuronal plasticity and cellular resilience to develop novel, improved therapeutics for difficult-to-treat depression
    • Manji HK, Quiroz JA, Sporn J, Payne JL, Denicoff K, Gray NA, Zarate CA, Charney DS (2003) Enhancing neuronal plasticity and cellular resilience to develop novel, improved therapeutics for difficult-to-treat depression. Biol Psychiatry 53:707-742
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 707-742
    • Manji, H.K.1    Quiroz, J.A.2    Sporn, J.3    Payne, J.L.4    Denicoff, K.5    Gray, N.A.6    Zarate, C.A.7    Charney, D.S.8
  • 43
    • 0022524920 scopus 로고
    • Corticotrophin-releasing factor in extra-hypothalamic brain of the mouse: Demonstration by immunoassay and immunoneutralization of bioassayable activity
    • Nakane T, Audhya T, Hollander CS, Schlesinger DH, Kardos P, Brown C, Passarelli J (1986) Corticotrophin-releasing factor in extra-hypothalamic brain of the mouse: demonstration by immunoassay and immunoneutralization of bioassayable activity. J Endocrinol 111:143-149
    • (1986) J Endocrinol , vol.111 , pp. 143-149
    • Nakane, T.1    Audhya, T.2    Hollander, C.S.3    Schlesinger, D.H.4    Kardos, P.5    Brown, C.6    Passarelli, J.7
  • 45
    • 0028815653 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of BDNF and trkB mRNA in rat brain by chronic electroconvulsive seizure and antidepressant drug treatments
    • Nibuya M, Morinobu S, Duman RS (1995) Regulation of BDNF and trkB mRNA in rat brain by chronic electroconvulsive seizure and antidepressant drug treatments. J Neurosci 15:7539-7547
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 7539-7547
    • Nibuya, M.1    Morinobu, S.2    Duman, R.S.3
  • 46
    • 17344392308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR
    • Pfaffl MW (2001) A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 29:e45
    • (2001) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.29 , pp. 45
    • Pfaffl, M.W.1
  • 47
    • 34548130153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of BDNF in bipolar and unipolar disorder: Clinical and theoretical implications
    • Post RM (2007) Role of BDNF in bipolar and unipolar disorder: clinical and theoretical implications. J Psychiatr Res 41:979-990
    • (2007) J Psychiatr Res , vol.41 , pp. 979-990
    • Post, R.M.1
  • 48
    • 0036462444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors 1 and 2 in anxiety and depression
    • Reul JM, Holsboer F (2002) Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors 1 and 2 in anxiety and depression. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2:23-33
    • (2002) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.2 , pp. 23-33
    • Reul, J.M.1    Holsboer, F.2
  • 49
    • 33748093783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of corticotropin releasing factor in anxiety disorders: A translational research perspective
    • Risbrough VB, Stein MB (2006) Role of corticotropin releasing factor in anxiety disorders: a translational research perspective. Horm Behav 50:550-561
    • (2006) Horm Behav , vol.50 , pp. 550-561
    • Risbrough, V.B.1    Stein, M.B.2
  • 50
    • 9644294196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression following treatment with reboxetine, citalopram, and physical exercise
    • Russo-Neustadt AA, Alejandre H, Garcia C, Ivy AS, Chen MJ (2004) Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression following treatment with reboxetine, citalopram, and physical exercise. Neuropsychopharmacology 29:2189-2199
    • (2004) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.29 , pp. 2189-2199
    • Russo-Neustadt, A.A.1    Alejandre, H.2    Garcia, C.3    Ivy, A.S.4    Chen, M.J.5
  • 51
    • 0028019154 scopus 로고
    • Role of neurotrophins in cholinergic-neuron function in the adult and aged CNS
    • Rylett RJ, Williams LR (1994) Role of neurotrophins in cholinergic-neuron function in the adult and aged CNS. Trends Neurosci 17:486-490
    • (1994) Trends Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 486-490
    • Rylett, R.J.1    Williams, L.R.2
  • 52
    • 0034237403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve growth factor brain concentration and stress changes depend on type of stressor and age
    • Scaccianoce S, Lombardo K, Angelucci L (2000) Nerve growth factor brain concentration and stress changes depend on type of stressor and age. Int J Dev Neurosci 18:469-479
    • (2000) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 469-479
    • Scaccianoce, S.1    Lombardo, K.2    Angelucci, L.3
  • 53
    • 33750813311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a mouse model of learned helplessness
    • Schulte-Herbrüggen O, Chourbaji S, Müller H, Danker-Hopfe H, Brandwein C, Gass P, Hellweg R (2006) Differential regulation of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a mouse model of learned helplessness. Exp Neurol 202:404-409
    • (2006) Exp Neurol , vol.202 , pp. 404-409
    • Schulte-Herbrüggen, O.1    Chourbaji, S.2    Müller, H.3    Danker-Hopfe, H.4    Brandwein, C.5    Gass, P.6    Hellweg, R.7
  • 54
    • 0037092425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor produces antidepressant effects in behavioural models of depression
    • Shirayama Y, Chen AC, Nakagawa S, Russell DS, Duman RS (2002) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor produces antidepressant effects in behavioural models of depression. J Neurosci 22:3251-3261
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 3251-3261
    • Shirayama, Y.1    Chen, A.C.2    Nakagawa, S.3    Russell, D.S.4    Duman, R.S.5
  • 57
    • 0036175309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor neuronal systems and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity by stress and chronic antidepressant treatment
    • Stout SC, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB (2002) Regulation of corticotropin- releasing factor neuronal systems and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity by stress and chronic antidepressant treatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 300:1085-1092
    • (2002) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.300 , pp. 1085-1092
    • Stout, S.C.1    Owens, M.J.2    Nemeroff, C.B.3
  • 58
    • 0142134103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of different kinds of acute stress on nerve growth factor content in rat brain
    • von Richthofen S, Lang UE, Hellweg R (2003) Effects of different kinds of acute stress on nerve growth factor content in rat brain. Brain Res 987:207-213
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.987 , pp. 207-213
    • Von Richthofen, S.1    Lang, U.E.2    Hellweg, R.3
  • 59
    • 0033232476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic approaches to studying norepinephrine function: Knockout of the mouse norepinephrine transporter gene
    • Wang YM, Xu F, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG (1999) Genetic approaches to studying norepinephrine function: knockout of the mouse norepinephrine transporter gene. Biol Psychiatry 46:1124-1130
    • (1999) Biol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1124-1130
    • Wang, Y.M.1    Xu, F.2    Gainetdinov, R.R.3    Caron, M.G.4
  • 60
    • 0022503734 scopus 로고
    • Developmental and regional expression of ß nerve growth factor messenger RNA and protein in the rat central nervous system
    • Whittemore SR, Ebendal T, Lärkfors L, Olson L, Seiger A, Strömberg I, Persson H (1986) Developmental and regional expression of ß nerve growth factor messenger RNA and protein in the rat central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:817-821
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.83 , pp. 817-821
    • Whittemore, S.R.1    Ebendal, T.2    Lärkfors, L.3    Olson, L.4    Seiger, A.5    Strömberg, I.6    Persson, H.7
  • 61
    • 0025057433 scopus 로고
    • Animal models of depression: An overview
    • Willner P (1990) Animal models of depression: an overview. Pharmacol Ther 45:425-455
    • (1990) Pharmacol Ther , vol.45 , pp. 425-455
    • Willner, P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.