메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 167, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 1573-1583

Pervasive genomic recombination of HIV-1 in vivo

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; GENE FUNCTION; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOME ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD METHOD; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; POINT MUTATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STRAIN DIFFERENCE; TECHNIQUE; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS GENOME;

EID: 4644245699     PISSN: 00166731     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1534/genetics.103.023382     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (135)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 0002065234 scopus 로고
    • The number of evolutionary steps on random and minimum length trees for random evolutionary data
    • ARCHIE, J. W., and J. FELSENSTEIN, 1993 The number of evolutionary steps on random and minimum length trees for random evolutionary data. Theor. Popul. Biol. 43: 52-79.
    • (1993) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.43 , pp. 52-79
    • Archie, J.W.1    Felsenstein, J.2
  • 3
    • 0037223888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolutionary genomics of pathogen recombination
    • AWADALLA, P., 2003 The evolutionary genomics of pathogen recombination. Nat. Rev. Genet. 4: 50-60.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 50-60
    • Awadalla, P.1
  • 4
    • 0029840629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full length sequence and mosaic structure of a HIV-1 isolate from Thailand
    • CARR, J. K., M. O. SALMINEN, C. KOCH, D. GOTTE, A. W. ARTENSTEIN et al., 1996 Full length sequence and mosaic structure of a HIV-1 isolate from Thailand. J. Virol. 70: 5935-5943.
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 5935-5943
    • Carr, J.K.1    Salminen, M.O.2    Koch, C.3    Gotte, D.4    Artenstein, A.W.5
  • 5
    • 0032577444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 auxiliary proteins: Making connections in a dying cell
    • CULLEN, B. R., 1998 HIV-1 auxiliary proteins: making connections in a dying cell. Cell 93: 685-692.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.93 , pp. 685-692
    • Cullen, B.R.1
  • 6
    • 0025957804 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef and long terminal repeat sequences over 4 years in vivo and in vitro
    • DELASSUS, S., R. CHEYNIER and S. WAIN-HOBSON, 1991 Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef and long terminal repeat sequences over 4 years in vivo and in vitro. J. Virol. 65: 225-231.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 225-231
    • Delassus, S.1    Cheynier, R.2    Wain-Hobson, S.3
  • 7
    • 0026646806 scopus 로고
    • Requirements for strand transfer between internal regions of heteropolymer templates by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase
    • DESTEFANO, J. J., L. M. MALLABER, L. RODRIGUEZ-RODRIGUEZ, P. J. FAY and R. A. BAMBARA, 1992 Requirements for strand transfer between internal regions of heteropolymer templates by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase. J. Virol. 66: 6370-6378.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 6370-6378
    • Destefano, J.J.1    Mallaber, L.M.2    Rodriguez-Rodriguez, L.3    Fay, P.J.4    Bambara, R.A.5
  • 8
    • 0029069857 scopus 로고
    • Dual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and recombination in a dually exposed transfusion recipient
    • DIAZ, R. S., E. C. SABINO, A. MAYER, J. W. MOSLEY and M. P. BUSCH, 1995 Dual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and recombination in a dually exposed transfusion recipient. J. Virol. 69: 3272-3281.
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 3272-3281
    • Diaz, R.S.1    Sabino, E.C.2    Mayer, A.3    Mosley, J.W.4    Busch, M.P.5
  • 9
    • 0016121072 scopus 로고
    • A note on the sampling theory for infinite alleles and infinite sites models
    • EWENS, W. J., 1974 A note on the sampling theory for infinite alleles and infinite sites models. Theor. Popul. Biol. 6: 143-148.
    • (1974) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 143-148
    • Ewens, W.J.1
  • 11
    • 0029980416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New statistical tests of neutrality for DNA samples from a population
    • FU, Y.-X., 1996 New statistical tests of neutrality for DNA samples from a population. Genetics 143: 557-570.
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.143 , pp. 557-570
    • Fu, Y.-X.1
  • 12
    • 0026710130 scopus 로고
    • Human infection by genetically diverse SIVsm-related HIV-2 in West Africa
    • GAO, F., L. YUE, A. T. WHITE, P. G. PAPPAS, J. BARCHUE et al., 1992 Human infection by genetically diverse SIVsm-related HIV-2 in West Africa. Nature 358: 495-499.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 495-499
    • Gao, F.1    Yue, L.2    White, A.T.3    Pappas, P.G.4    Barchue, J.5
  • 13
    • 0028063444 scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: Evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology
    • GAO, F., L. YUE, D. L. ROBERTSON, S. C. HILL, H. HUI et al., 1994 Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology. J. Virol. 68: 7433-7447.
    • (1994) J. Virol. , vol.68 , pp. 7433-7447
    • Gao, F.1    Yue, L.2    Robertson, D.L.3    Hill, S.C.4    Hui, H.5
  • 14
    • 9544220664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin
    • GAO, F., D. L. ROBERTSON, S. G. MORRISON, H. HUI, S. CRAIG et al., 1996 The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin. J. Virol. 70: 7013-7029.
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 7013-7029
    • Gao, F.1    Robertson, D.L.2    Morrison, S.G.3    Hui, H.4    Craig, S.5
  • 16
    • 0026640859 scopus 로고
    • Phenotype-associated env gene variation among eight related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones: Evidence for in vivo recombination and determinants of cytotropism outside the V3 domain
    • GROENINK, M., A. ANDEWEG, R. FOUCHIER, S. BROERSEN, R. VAN DER JAGT et al., 1992 Phenotype-associated env gene variation among eight related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clones: evidence for in vivo recombination and determinants of cytotropism outside the V3 domain. J. Virol. 66: 6175-6180.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 6175-6180
    • Groenink, M.1    Andeweg, A.2    Fouchier, R.3    Broersen, S.4    Van Der Jagt, R.5
  • 17
    • 0025876179 scopus 로고
    • In vivo sequence variation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 env gene: Evidence for recombination among variants found in a single individual
    • HOWELL, R. M., J. E. FITZGIBBON, M. NOE, Z. REN, D. GOCKE et al., 1991 In vivo sequence variation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 env gene: evidence for recombination among variants found in a single individual. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 7: 869-876.
    • (1991) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.7 , pp. 869-876
    • Howell, R.M.1    Fitzgibbon, J.E.2    Noe, M.3    Ren, Z.4    Gocke, D.5
  • 18
    • 0025095253 scopus 로고
    • Genetic consequences of packaging two RNA genomes in one retroviral particle: Pseudodiploidy and high rate of genetic recombination
    • HU, W.-S., and H. M. TEMIN, 1990a Genetic consequences of packaging two RNA genomes in one retroviral particle: pseudodiploidy and high rate of genetic recombination. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 1556-1560.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 1556-1560
    • Hu, W.-S.1    Temin, H.M.2
  • 19
    • 0025635705 scopus 로고
    • Retroviral recombination and reverse transcription
    • Hu, W.-S., and H. M. TEMIN, 1990b Retroviral recombination and reverse transcription. Science 250: 1227-1233.
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 1227-1233
    • Hu, W.-S.1    Temin, H.M.2
  • 20
    • 0035692320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-locus sampling distributions and their application
    • HUDSON, R. R., 2001 Two-locus sampling distributions and their application. Genetics 159: 1805-1817.
    • (2001) Genetics , vol.159 , pp. 1805-1817
    • Hudson, R.R.1
  • 21
    • 0036184745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generating samples under a Wright-Fisher neutral model of genetic variation
    • HUDSON, R. R., 2002 Generating samples under a Wright-Fisher neutral model of genetic variation. Bioinformatics 18: 337-338.
    • (2002) Bioinformatics , vol.18 , pp. 337-338
    • Hudson, R.R.1
  • 22
    • 0022211482 scopus 로고
    • Statistical properties of the number of recombination events in the history of a sample of DNA sequences
    • HUDSON, R. R., and N. L. KAPLAN, 1985 Statistical properties of the number of recombination events in the history of a sample of DNA sequences. Genetics 111: 147-164.
    • (1985) Genetics , vol.111 , pp. 147-164
    • Hudson, R.R.1    Kaplan, N.L.2
  • 23
    • 0033977268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High rate of recombination throughout the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome
    • JETZT, A. E., H. YU, G. J. KLARMANN, Y. RON, B. D. PRESTON et al., 2000 High rate of recombination throughout the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome. J. Virol. 74: 1234-1240.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 1234-1240
    • Jetzt, A.E.1    Yu, H.2    Klarmann, G.J.3    Ron, Y.4    Preston, B.D.5
  • 25
    • 0024307824 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order of the Hominoidea
    • KISHINO, H., and M. HASEGAWA, 1989 Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order of the Hominoidea. J. Mol. Evol. 29: 170-179.
    • (1989) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.29 , pp. 170-179
    • Kishino, H.1    Hasegawa, M.2
  • 26
    • 0033756316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum likelihood estimation of recombination rates from population data
    • KUHNER, M. K., J. YAMATO and J. FELSENSTEIN, 2000 Maximum likelihood estimation of recombination rates from population data. Genetics 156: 1393-1401.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.156 , pp. 1393-1401
    • Kuhner, M.K.1    Yamato, J.2    Felsenstein, J.3
  • 27
    • 0029063822 scopus 로고
    • Biological and molecular characterization of subtype D, G, and A/D recombinant HIV-1 transmissions in Sweden
    • LEITNER, T., D. ESCANILLA, S. MARQUINA, J. WAHLBERG, C. BROSTROM et al., 1995 Biological and molecular characterization of subtype D, G, and A/D recombinant HIV-1 transmissions in Sweden. Virology 209: 136-146.
    • (1995) Virology , vol.209 , pp. 136-146
    • Leitner, T.1    Escanilla, D.2    Marquina, S.3    Wahlberg, J.4    Brostrom, C.5
  • 28
    • 0030947397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent patterns of progression to AIDS after infection from the same source: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolution and antiviral responses
    • LIU, S.-L., T. SCHACKER, L. MUSEY, D. SHRINER, M.J. MCELRATH et al., 1997 Divergent patterns of progression to AIDS after infection from the same source: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolution and antiviral responses. J. Virol. 71: 4284-4295.
    • (1997) J. Virol. , vol.71 , pp. 4284-4295
    • Liu, S.-L.1    Schacker, T.2    Musey, L.3    Shriner, D.4    Mcelrath, M.J.5
  • 29
    • 0036838722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinants in a patient with rapid progression to AIDS
    • LIU, S.-L., J. E. MITTLER, D. C. NICKLE, T. M. MULVANIA, D. SHRINER et al., 2002 Selection for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinants in a patient with rapid progression to AIDS. J. Virol. 76: 10674-10684.
    • (2002) J. Virol. , vol.76 , pp. 10674-10684
    • Liu, S.-L.1    Mittler, J.E.2    Nickle, D.C.3    Mulvania, T.M.4    Shriner, D.5
  • 30
    • 0025112945 scopus 로고
    • Template switching by reverse transcriptase during DNA synthesis
    • LUO, G., and J. TAYLOR, 1990 Template switching by reverse transcriptase during DNA synthesis. J. Virol. 64: 4321-4328.
    • (1990) J. Virol. , vol.64 , pp. 4321-4328
    • Luo, G.1    Taylor, J.2
  • 31
    • 0030060447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forward mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a T lymphoid cell line
    • MANSKY, L. M., 1996 Forward mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a T lymphoid cell line. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 12: 307-314.
    • (1996) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.12 , pp. 307-314
    • Mansky, L.M.1
  • 32
    • 0025879369 scopus 로고
    • Independent fluctuation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rev and gp41 quasispecies in vivo
    • MARTINS, L. P., N. CHENCINER, B. ÅSJÖ, A. MEYERHANS and S. WAINHOBSON, 1991 Independent fluctuation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rev and gp41 quasispecies in vivo. J. Virol. 65: 4502-4507.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 4502-4507
    • Martins, L.P.1    Chenciner, N.2    Åsjö, B.3    Meyerhans, A.4    Wainhobson, S.5
  • 33
    • 0031897789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting recombination from gene trees
    • MAYNARD SMITH, J., and N. H. SMITH, 1998 Detecting recombination from gene trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 15: 590-599.
    • (1998) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.15 , pp. 590-599
    • Maynard Smith, J.1    Smith, N.H.2
  • 34
    • 0036199914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A coalescent-based method for detecting and estimating recombination from gene sequences
    • MCVEAN, G., P. AWADALL.A and P. FEARNHEAD, 2002 A coalescent-based method for detecting and estimating recombination from gene sequences. Genetics 160: 1231-1241.
    • (2002) Genetics , vol.160 , pp. 1231-1241
    • Mcvean, G.1    Awadalla, P.2    Fearnhead, P.3
  • 35
    • 0024469503 scopus 로고
    • Temporal fluctuations in HIV quasispecies in vivo are not reflected by sequential HIV isolations
    • MEYERHANS, A., R. CHEYNIER, J. ALBERT, M. SETH, S. KWOK et al., 1989 Temporal fluctuations in HIV quasispecies in vivo are not reflected by sequential HIV isolations. Cell 58: 901-910.
    • (1989) Cell , vol.58 , pp. 901-910
    • Meyerhans, A.1    Cheynier, R.2    Albert, J.3    Seth, M.4    Kwok, S.5
  • 37
    • 0029019603 scopus 로고
    • Defective accessory genes in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected long-term survivor lacking recoverable virus
    • MICHAEL, N. L., G. CHANG, L. A. D'ARCY, P. K. EHRENBERG, R. MARIANI et al., 1995 Defective accessory genes in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected long-term survivor lacking recoverable virus. J. Virol. 69: 4228-4236.
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 4228-4236
    • Michael, N.L.1    Chang, G.2    D'Arcy, L.A.3    Ehrenberg, P.K.4    Mariani, R.5
  • 38
    • 0032844935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mosaic structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome infecting lymphoid cells and the brain: Evidence for frequent in vivo recombination events in the evolution of regional populations
    • MORRIS, A., M. MARSDEN, K. HALCROW, E. S. HUGHES, R. P. BRETTLE et al., 1999 Mosaic structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome infecting lymphoid cells and the brain: evidence for frequent in vivo recombination events in the evolution of regional populations. J. Virol. 73: 8720-8731.
    • (1999) J. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 8720-8731
    • Morris, A.1    Marsden, M.2    Halcrow, K.3    Hughes, E.S.4    Brettle, R.P.5
  • 39
    • 0037384423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genetic recombination is more frequent than that of Moloney murine leukemia virus despite similar template switching rates
    • ONAFUWA, A., W. AN, N. D. ROBSON and A. TELESNITSKY, 2003 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genetic recombination is more frequent than that of Moloney murine leukemia virus despite similar template switching rates. J. Virol. 77: 4577-4587.
    • (2003) J. Virol. , vol.77 , pp. 4577-4587
    • Onafuwa, A.1    An, W.2    Robson, N.D.3    Telesnitsky, A.4
  • 40
    • 0026486193 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of DNA strand transfer reactions catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
    • PELISKA, J. A., and S. J. BENKOVIC, 1992 Mechanism of DNA strand transfer reactions catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Science 258: 1112-1118.
    • (1992) Science , vol.258 , pp. 1112-1118
    • Peliska, J.A.1    Benkovic, S.J.2
  • 41
    • 0030928378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seq-Gen: An application for the Monte Carlo simulation of DNA sequence evolution along phylogenetic trees
    • RAMBAUT, A., and N. C. GRASSLY, 1997 Seq-Gen: an application for the Monte Carlo simulation of DNA sequence evolution along phylogenetic trees. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 13: 235-238.
    • (1997) Comput. Appl. Biosci. , vol.13 , pp. 235-238
    • Rambaut, A.1    Grassly, N.C.2
  • 44
    • 0030977113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of target molecules from polymerase chain reaction-based limiting dilution assays
    • RODRIGO, A. G., P. C. GORACKE, K. ROWHANIAN and J. I. MULLINS, 1997 Quantitation of target molecules from polymerase chain reaction-based limiting dilution assays. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13: 737-742.
    • (1997) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.13 , pp. 737-742
    • Rodrigo, A.G.1    Goracke, P.C.2    Rowhanian, K.3    Mullins, J.I.4
  • 45
    • 0005044153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sampling and processing HIV molecular sequences: A computational evolutionary biologist's perspective
    • edited by A. G. Rodrigo and G. H. Learn. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston
    • RODRIGO, A. G., E. W. HANLEY, P. C. GORACKE and G. H. LEARN, 2000 Sampling and processing HIV molecular sequences: a computational evolutionary biologist's perspective, pp. 1-17 in Computational and Evolutionary Analyses of HIV Sequences, edited by A. G. RODRIGO and G. H. LEARN. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
    • (2000) Computational and Evolutionary Analyses of HIV Sequences , pp. 1-17
    • Rodrigo, A.G.1    Hanley, E.W.2    Goracke, P.C.3    Learn, G.H.4
  • 46
    • 0032972599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DnaSP version 3: An integrated program for molecular population genetics and molecular evolution analysis
    • ROZAS, J., and R. ROZAS, 1999 DnaSP version 3: an integrated program for molecular population genetics and molecular evolution analysis. Bioinformatics 15: 174-175.
    • (1999) Bioinformatics , vol.15 , pp. 174-175
    • Rozas, J.1    Rozas, R.2
  • 47
    • 0028100982 scopus 로고
    • Identification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope genes recombinant between subtypes B and F in two epidemiologically linked individuals from Brazil
    • SABINO, E. C., E. G. SHPAER, M. G. MORGADO, B. T. KORBER, R. S. DIAZ et al., 1994 Identification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope genes recombinant between subtypes B and F in two epidemiologically linked individuals from Brazil. J. Virol. 68: 6340-6346.
    • (1994) J. Virol. , vol.68 , pp. 6340-6346
    • Sabino, E.C.1    Shpaer, E.G.2    Morgado, M.G.3    Korber, B.T.4    Diaz, R.S.5
  • 48
    • 0030891834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution and probable transmission of inter-subtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple
    • SALMINEN, M. O., J. K. CARR, D. L. ROBERTSON, P. HEGERICH, D. GOTTE et al., 1997 Evolution and probable transmission of inter-subtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple. J. Virol. 71: 2647-2655.
    • (1997) J. Virol. , vol.71 , pp. 2647-2655
    • Salminen, M.O.1    Carr, J.K.2    Robertson, D.L.3    Hegerich, P.4    Gotte, D.5
  • 49
    • 0033793521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of recombination on traditional phylogenetic analysis
    • SCHIERUP, M. H., and J. HEIN, 2000 Consequences of recombination on traditional phylogenetic analysis. Genetics 156: 879-891.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.156 , pp. 879-891
    • Schierup, M.H.1    Hein, J.2
  • 50
    • 0032710838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consistent viral evolutionary changes associated with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • SHANKARAPPA, R., J. B. MARGOLICK, S. J. GANGE, A. G. RODRIGO, D. UPCHURCH et al., 1999 Consistent viral evolutionary changes associated with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J. Virol. 73: 10489-10502.
    • (1999) J. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 10489-10502
    • Shankarappa, R.1    Margolick, J.B.2    Gange, S.J.3    Rodrigo, A.G.4    Upchurch, D.5
  • 51
    • 0032766857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple comparisons of log-likelihoods with applications to phylogenetic inference
    • SHIMODAIRA, H., and M. HASEGAWA, 1999 Multiple comparisons of log-likelihoods with applications to phylogenetic inference. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16: 1114-1116.
    • (1999) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.16 , pp. 1114-1116
    • Shimodaira, H.1    Hasegawa, M.2
  • 52
    • 0026608762 scopus 로고
    • Homologous recombination of copackaged retrovirus RNAs during reverse transcription
    • STUHLMANN, H., and P. BERG, 1992 Homologous recombination of copackaged retrovirus RNAs during reverse transcription. J. Virol. 66: 2378-2388.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 2378-2388
    • Stuhlmann, H.1    Berg, P.2
  • 54
    • 0024313579 scopus 로고
    • Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism
    • TAJIMA, F., 1989 Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics 123: 585-595.
    • (1989) Genetics , vol.123 , pp. 585-595
    • Tajima, F.1
  • 55
    • 0025873605 scopus 로고
    • Abortive reverse transcription by mutants of Moloney murine leukemia virus deficient in the reverse transcriptase-associated RNase H function
    • TANESE, N., A. TELESNITSKY and S. P. GOFF, 1991 Abortive reverse transcription by mutants of Moloney murine leukemia virus deficient in the reverse transcriptase-associated RNase H function. J. Virol. 65: 4387-4397.
    • (1991) J. Virol. , vol.65 , pp. 4387-4397
    • Tanese, N.1    Telesnitsky, A.2    Goff, S.P.3
  • 56
    • 0026571161 scopus 로고
    • Defects in Moloney murine leukemia virus replication caused by a reverse transcriptase mutation modeled on the structure of Escherichia coli RNase H
    • TELESNITSKY, A., S. W. BLAIN and S. P. GOFF, 1992 Defects in Moloney murine leukemia virus replication caused by a reverse transcriptase mutation modeled on the structure of Escherichia coli RNase H. J. Virol. 66: 615-622.
    • (1992) J. Virol. , vol.66 , pp. 615-622
    • Telesnitsky, A.1    Blain, S.W.2    Goff, S.P.3
  • 57
    • 0027968068 scopus 로고
    • CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice
    • THOMPSON, J. D., D. G. HIGGINS and T. J. GIBSON, 1994 CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22: 4673-4680.
    • (1994) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.22 , pp. 4673-4680
    • Thompson, J.D.1    Higgins, D.G.2    Gibson, T.J.3
  • 58
    • 0037323816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene genealogies when the sample size exceeds the effective size of the population
    • WAKELEY, J., and T. TAKAHASHI, 2003 Gene genealogies when the sample size exceeds the effective size of the population. Mol. Biol. Evol. 20: 208-213.
    • (2003) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.20 , pp. 208-213
    • Wakeley, J.1    Takahashi, T.2
  • 59
    • 0016491430 scopus 로고
    • On the number of segregating sites in genetical models without recombination
    • WATTERSON, G. A., 1975 On the number of segregating sites in genetical models without recombination. Theor. Popul. Biol. 7: 256-276.
    • (1975) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 256-276
    • Watterson, G.A.1
  • 60
    • 0034897826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel approach to detecting and measuring recombination: New insights into evolution in viruses, bacteria, and mitochondria
    • WOROBEY, M., 2001 A novel approach to detecting and measuring recombination: new insights into evolution in viruses, bacteria, and mitochondria. Mol. Biol. Evol. 18: 1425-1434.
    • (2001) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.18 , pp. 1425-1434
    • Worobey, M.1
  • 61
    • 0030060446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long polymerase chain reaction amplification of heterogeneous HIV type 1 templates produces recombination at a relatively high frequency
    • YANG, Y. L., G. WANG, K. DORMAN and A. H. KAPLAN, 1996 Long polymerase chain reaction amplification of heterogeneous HIV type 1 templates produces recombination at a relatively high frequency. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 12: 303-306.
    • (1996) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.12 , pp. 303-306
    • Yang, Y.L.1    Wang, G.2    Dorman, K.3    Kaplan, A.H.4
  • 62
    • 0028064845 scopus 로고
    • Maximum likelihood phylogenetic estimation from DNA sequences with variable rates over sites: Approximate methods
    • YANG, Z., 1994 Maximum likelihood phylogenetic estimation from DNA sequences with variable rates over sites: approximate methods. J. Mol. Evol. 39: 306-314.
    • (1994) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.39 , pp. 306-314
    • Yang, Z.1
  • 63
    • 0034097381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Codon-substitution substitution models for heterogeneous selection pressure at amino acid sites
    • YANG, Z., R. NIELSEN, N. GOLDMAN and A. M. PEDERSEN, 2000 Codon-substitution substitution models for heterogeneous selection pressure at amino acid sites. Genetics 155: 431-449.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.155 , pp. 431-449
    • Yang, Z.1    Nielsen, R.2    Goldman, N.3    Pedersen, A.M.4
  • 64
    • 0033967743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Most retroviral recombinations occur during minus-strand DNA synthesis
    • ZHANG, J., L. Y. TANG, T. LI, Y. MA and C. M. SAPP, 2000 Most retroviral recombinations occur during minus-strand DNA synthesis. J. Virol. 74: 2313-2322.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 2313-2322
    • Zhang, J.1    Tang, L.Y.2    Li, T.3    Ma, Y.4    Sapp, C.M.5
  • 65
    • 0031575533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization vif, vpr, and vpu sequences from long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • ZHANG, L., Y. HUANG, H. YUAN, S. TUTTLETON and D. D. Ho, 1997 Genetic characterization vif, vpr, and vpu sequences from long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Virology 228: 340-349.
    • (1997) Virology , vol.228 , pp. 340-349
    • Zhang, L.1    Huang, Y.2    Yuan, H.3    Tuttleton, S.4    Ho, D.D.5
  • 66
    • 0028815682 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for coinfection by multiple strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B in an acute seroconvertor
    • ZHU, T., N. WANG, A. CARR, S. WOLINSKY and D. D. Ho, 1995 Evidence for coinfection by multiple strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B in an acute seroconvertor. J. Virol. 69: 1324-1327.
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 1324-1327
    • Zhu, T.1    Wang, N.2    Carr, A.3    Wolinsky, S.4    Ho, D.D.5
  • 67
    • 0036827628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombination: Rate, fidelity, and putative hot spots
    • ZHUANG, J., A. E. JETZT, G. SUN, H. YU, G. KLARMANN et al., 2002 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombination: rate, fidelity, and putative hot spots. J. Virol. 76: 11273-11282.
    • (2002) J. Virol. , vol.76 , pp. 11273-11282
    • Zhuang, J.1    Jetzt, A.E.2    Sun, G.3    Yu, H.4    Klarmann, G.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.