메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1674, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 12-28

Dynamics of sulfur amino acids in mammalian brain: Assessment of the astrocytic-neuronal cysteine interaction by a mathematical hybrid model

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Blood brain barrier; Cysteine; Cystine; Glutathione; Mathematical model; Metabolism; Neuron; Taurine; Transport

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; CYSTEINE; GLUTATHIONE; HYPOTAURINE; SULFUR; TAURINE;

EID: 4444370754     PISSN: 03044165     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2004.05.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 0033899176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione metabolism in brain. Metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species
    • Dringen R., Gutterer J.M., Hirrlinger J. Glutathione metabolism in brain. Metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species. Eur. J. Biochem. 267:2000;4912-4916
    • (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.267 , pp. 4912-4916
    • Dringen, R.1    Gutterer, J.M.2    Hirrlinger, J.3
  • 2
    • 0029877396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular responses of cultured cerebellar astrocytes to ethacrynic acid-induced perturbation of subcellular glutathione homeostasis
    • Huang J., Philbert M.A. Cellular responses of cultured cerebellar astrocytes to ethacrynic acid-induced perturbation of subcellular glutathione homeostasis. Brain Res. 711:1996;184-192
    • (1996) Brain Res. , vol.711 , pp. 184-192
    • Huang, J.1    Philbert, M.A.2
  • 3
    • 0033869092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of protein function by S-glutathiolation in response to oxidative stress
    • Klatt P., Lamas S. Regulation of protein function by S-glutathiolation in response to oxidative stress. Eur. J. Biochem. 267:2000;4828-4944
    • (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.267 , pp. 4828-4944
    • Klatt, P.1    Lamas, S.2
  • 4
    • 0031968807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taurine synthesis and cysteine metabolism in cultured rat astrocytes, effects of hyperosmotic exposure
    • Beetsch J.W., Olson J.E. Taurine synthesis and cysteine metabolism in cultured rat astrocytes, effects of hyperosmotic exposure. Am. J. Physiol. 274:1998;C866-C874
    • (1998) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.274
    • Beetsch, J.W.1    Olson, J.E.2
  • 5
    • 0031725089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of cysteine in astroglial cells, synthesis of hypotaurine and taurine
    • Brand A., Leibfritz D., Hamprecht B., Dringen R. Metabolism of cysteine in astroglial cells, synthesis of hypotaurine and taurine. J. Neurochem. 71:1998;827-832
    • (1998) J. Neurochem. , vol.71 , pp. 827-832
    • Brand, A.1    Leibfritz, D.2    Hamprecht, B.3    Dringen, R.4
  • 7
    • 0031004608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitor acivicin preserves glutathione released by astroglial cells in culture
    • Dringen R., Kranich O., Hamprecht B. The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitor acivicin preserves glutathione released by astroglial cells in culture. Neurochem. Res. 22:1997;727-733
    • (1997) Neurochem. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 727-733
    • Dringen, R.1    Kranich, O.2    Hamprecht, B.3
  • 8
    • 0033555806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione in neurons, supply by astrocytes of CysGly as precursor for neuronal glutathione
    • Dringen R., Pfeiffer B., Hamprecht B. Synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione in neurons, supply by astrocytes of CysGly as precursor for neuronal glutathione. J. Neurosci. 19:1999;562-569
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 562-569
    • Dringen, R.1    Pfeiffer, B.2    Hamprecht, B.3
  • 9
    • 0035577287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminopeptidase-N mediates the utilization of the GSH precursor CysGly by cultured neurons
    • Dringen R., Gutterer J.M., Gros C., Hirrlinger J. Aminopeptidase-N mediates the utilization of the GSH precursor CysGly by cultured neurons. J. Neurosci. Res. 66:2001;1003-1008
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.66 , pp. 1003-1008
    • Dringen, R.1    Gutterer, J.M.2    Gros, C.3    Hirrlinger, J.4
  • 10
    • 0001412747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione
    • Wang X.F., Cynader M.S. Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione. J. Neurochem. 74:2000;1434-1442
    • (2000) J. Neurochem. , vol.74 , pp. 1434-1442
    • Wang, X.F.1    Cynader, M.S.2
  • 11
    • 0027421350 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of neuronal glutathione by glial cells
    • Sagara J.I., Miura K., Bannai S. Maintenance of neuronal glutathione by glial cells. J. Neurochem. 61:1993a;1672-1676
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.61 , pp. 1672-1676
    • Sagara, J.I.1    Miura, K.2    Bannai, S.3
  • 12
    • 0027489346 scopus 로고
    • Cystine uptake and glutathione level in fetal brain cells in primary culture and in suspension
    • Sagara J., Miura K., Bannai S. Cystine uptake and glutathione level in fetal brain cells in primary culture and in suspension. J. Neurochem. 61:1993b;1667-1671
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.61 , pp. 1667-1671
    • Sagara, J.1    Miura, K.2    Bannai, S.3
  • 13
    • 0030606289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different preferences in the utilization of amino acids for glutathione synthesis in cultured neurons and astroglial cells derived from rat brain
    • Kranich O., Hamprecht B., Dringen R. Different preferences in the utilization of amino acids for glutathione synthesis in cultured neurons and astroglial cells derived from rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 219:1996;211-214
    • (1996) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.219 , pp. 211-214
    • Kranich, O.1    Hamprecht, B.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 14
    • 0031984256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utilization of cysteine and cysteine precursors for the synthesis of glutathione in astroglial cultures, preference for cystine
    • Kranich O., Dringen R., Sandberg M., Hamprecht B. Utilization of cysteine and cysteine precursors for the synthesis of glutathione in astroglial cultures, preference for cystine. Glia. 22:1998;11-18
    • (1998) Glia , vol.22 , pp. 11-18
    • Kranich, O.1    Dringen, R.2    Sandberg, M.3    Hamprecht, B.4
  • 15
    • 0019454465 scopus 로고
    • Cysteine and cystine transport at the blood-brain barrier
    • Wade L.A., Brady H.M. Cysteine and cystine transport at the blood-brain barrier. J. Neurochem. 37:1981;730-734
    • (1981) J. Neurochem. , vol.37 , pp. 730-734
    • Wade, L.A.1    Brady, H.M.2
  • 16
    • 0036826902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservation of glutathione by an astrocyte derived factor with properties comparable to extracellular superoxide dismutase
    • Stewart V.C., Stone R., Gegg M.E., Sharpe M.A., Hurst R.D., Clark J.B., Heales S.J.R. Preservation of glutathione by an astrocyte derived factor with properties comparable to extracellular superoxide dismutase. J. Neurochem. 83:2002;984-991
    • (2002) J. Neurochem. , vol.83 , pp. 984-991
    • Stewart, V.C.1    Stone, R.2    Gegg, M.E.3    Sharpe, M.A.4    Hurst, R.D.5    Clark, J.B.6    Heales, S.J.R.7
  • 17
    • 0030658782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of cysteine and cysteine sulfinic acid to human neuronal cell-lines
    • 66
    • Parsons R.B., Waring R.H., Ramsden D.B., Williams A.C. Toxicity of cysteine and cysteine sulfinic acid to human neuronal cell-lines. J. Neurol. Sci. 152:1997;S 62-S 66
    • (1997) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.152
    • Parsons, R.B.1    Waring, R.H.2    Ramsden, D.B.3    Williams, A.C.4
  • 18
    • 0342906189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine tuning of glutamate uptake and degradation in glial cells, common transcriptional regulation of GLAST1 and GS
    • Rauen T., Wiessner M. Fine tuning of glutamate uptake and degradation in glial cells, common transcriptional regulation of GLAST1 and GS. Neurochem. Int. 37:2000;179-189
    • (2000) Neurochem. Int. , vol.37 , pp. 179-189
    • Rauen, T.1    Wiessner, M.2
  • 19
    • 0037343974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glutamate transporters EAAT2 and EAAT3 mediate cysteine uptake in cortical neuron cultures
    • Chen Y., Swanson R.A. The glutamate transporters EAAT2 and EAAT3 mediate cysteine uptake in cortical neuron cultures. J. Neurochem. 84:2003;132-1339
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.84 , pp. 132-1339
    • Chen, Y.1    Swanson, R.A.2
  • 20
    • 0037316679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "glial" glutamate transporter EAAT2 (GLT1) accounts for high affinity glutamate uptake into adult rodent nerve endings
    • Suchack S.K., Baloyainni N.V., Perkinton M.S., Williams R.J., Meldrum B.R., Rattray M. The "glial" glutamate transporter EAAT2 (GLT1) accounts for high affinity glutamate uptake into adult rodent nerve endings. J. Neurochem. 84:2003;522-532
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.84 , pp. 522-532
    • Suchack, S.K.1    Baloyainni, N.V.2    Perkinton, M.S.3    Williams, R.J.4    Meldrum, B.R.5    Rattray, M.6
  • 21
  • 22
    • 0035857483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measured level of prion infectivity varies in a predictable way according to the aggregation state of the infectious agent
    • Masel J., Jansen V.A.A. The measured level of prion infectivity varies in a predictable way according to the aggregation state of the infectious agent. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1535:2001;164-173
    • (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1535 , pp. 164-173
    • Masel, J.1    Jansen, V.A.A.2
  • 23
    • 0035577791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of uptake systems for cystine and cysteine in cultured astrocytes and neurons, evidence for methylmercury-targeted disruption of astrocyte transport
    • Shanker G., Aschner M. Identification and characterization of uptake systems for cystine and cysteine in cultured astrocytes and neurons, evidence for methylmercury-targeted disruption of astrocyte transport. J. Neurosci. Res. 66:2001;998-1002
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.66 , pp. 998-1002
    • Shanker, G.1    Aschner, M.2
  • 24
    • 0031008555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of oxidative stress on in vivo brain GSH turnover in young and mature mice
    • Chang M.L., Klaidman L.K., Adams J.D. The effects of oxidative stress on in vivo brain GSH turnover in young and mature mice. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 30:1997;187-197
    • (1997) Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. , vol.30 , pp. 187-197
    • Chang, M.L.1    Klaidman, L.K.2    Adams, J.D.3
  • 25
    • 0343985338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione release and catabolism during energy substrate restriction in astrocytes
    • Juurlink B.H., Schultke E., Hertz L. Glutathione release and catabolism during energy substrate restriction in astrocytes. Brain Res. 710:1996;229-233
    • (1996) Brain Res. , vol.710 , pp. 229-233
    • Juurlink, B.H.1    Schultke, E.2    Hertz, L.3
  • 26
    • 0029988384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione efflux from cultured astrocytes
    • Sagara J., Makino N., Bannai S. Glutathione efflux from cultured astrocytes. J. Neurochem. 66:1996;1876-1881
    • (1996) J. Neurochem. , vol.66 , pp. 1876-1881
    • Sagara, J.1    Makino, N.2    Bannai, S.3
  • 27
    • 0033514003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Net efflux of cysteine, glutathione and related metabolites from rat hippocampal slices during oxygen/glucose deprivation, dependence on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
    • Li X., Wallin C., Weber S.G., Sandberg M. Net efflux of cysteine, glutathione and related metabolites from rat hippocampal slices during oxygen/glucose deprivation, dependence on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Brain Res. 815:1999;81-88
    • (1999) Brain Res. , vol.815 , pp. 81-88
    • Li, X.1    Wallin, C.2    Weber, S.G.3    Sandberg, M.4
  • 28
    • 0036682171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione release from cultured brain cells, multidrug resistance protein 1 mediates the release of GSH from rat astroglial cells
    • Hirrlinger J., Schulz J.B., Dringen R. Glutathione release from cultured brain cells, multidrug resistance protein 1 mediates the release of GSH from rat astroglial cells. J. Neurosci. Res. 69:2002;318-326
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 318-326
    • Hirrlinger, J.1    Schulz, J.B.2    Dringen, R.3
  • 30
    • 0027274778 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione metabolism in primary astrocyte cultures, flow cytometric evidence of heterogeneous distribution of GSH content
    • Devesa A., O'Connor J.E., García C., Puertes I.R., Viña J.R. Glutathione metabolism in primary astrocyte cultures, flow cytometric evidence of heterogeneous distribution of GSH content. Brain Res. 618:1993;181-189
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.618 , pp. 181-189
    • Devesa, A.1    O'Connor, J.E.2    García, C.3    Puertes, I.R.4    Viña, J.R.5
  • 31
    • 0031788839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione restoration as indicator for cellular metabolism of astroglial cells
    • Dringen R., Hamprecht B. Glutathione restoration as indicator for cellular metabolism of astroglial cells. Dev. Neurosci. 20:1998;401-407
    • (1998) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 401-407
    • Dringen, R.1    Hamprecht, B.2
  • 32
    • 0037321591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for mechanisms of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced glutathione efflux in organotypic hippocampal cultures
    • Wallin C., Abbas A.K., Tranberg M., Weber S.G., Wigstrom H., Sandberg M. Searching for mechanisms of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced glutathione efflux in organotypic hippocampal cultures. Neurochem. Res. 28:2003;281-291
    • (2003) Neurochem. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 281-291
    • Wallin, C.1    Abbas, A.K.2    Tranberg, M.3    Weber, S.G.4    Wigstrom, H.5    Sandberg, M.6
  • 33
    • 0021215013 scopus 로고
    • Transport of cystine and cysteine in mammalian cells
    • Bannai S. Transport of cystine and cysteine in mammalian cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 779:1984;289-306
    • (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.779 , pp. 289-306
    • Bannai, S.1
  • 34
    • 0033036416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GSH transport in immortalized mouse brain endothelial cells, evidence for apical localization of a sodium-dependent GSH transporter
    • Kannan R., Mittur A., Bao Y., Tsuruo T., Kaplowitz N. GSH transport in immortalized mouse brain endothelial cells, evidence for apical localization of a sodium-dependent GSH transporter. J. Neurochem. 73:1999;390-399
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.73 , pp. 390-399
    • Kannan, R.1    Mittur, A.2    Bao, Y.3    Tsuruo, T.4    Kaplowitz, N.5
  • 38
    • 0029891464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of L-cysteine with a human excitatory amino acid transporter
    • Zerangue N., Kavanaugh M.P. Interaction of L-cysteine with a human excitatory amino acid transporter. J. Physiol. 493:1996;419-423
    • (1996) J. Physiol. , vol.493 , pp. 419-423
    • Zerangue, N.1    Kavanaugh, M.P.2
  • 39
    • 0344393085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The L-isomer-selective transport of aspartic acid is mediated by ASCT2 at the blood-brain barrier
    • Tetsuka K., Takanaga H., Ohtsuki S., Hosoya K., Terasaki T. The L-isomer-selective transport of aspartic acid is mediated by ASCT2 at the blood-brain barrier. J. Neurochem. 87: 2003;891-8901
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.87 , pp. 891-8901
    • Tetsuka, K.1    Takanaga, H.2    Ohtsuki, S.3    Hosoya, K.4    Terasaki, T.5
  • 40
    • 0344896637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • +-dependent transport of large neutral amino acids occurs at the abluminal membrane of the blood-brain barrier
    • 1173
    • +-dependent transport of large neutral amino acids occurs at the abluminal membrane of the blood-brain barrier. Am. J. Physiol.: Endocrinol. Metab. 285:2003;E 1167-E 1173
    • (2003) Am. J. Physiol.: Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.285
    • O'Kane, R.L.1    Hawkins, R.A.2
  • 41
    • 0032511829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium and chloride-dependent high and low-affinity uptakes of GABA by brain capillary endothelial cells
    • Zhang Y., Liu G.Q. Sodium and chloride-dependent high and low-affinity uptakes of GABA by brain capillary endothelial cells. Brain Res. 808:1998;1-7
    • (1998) Brain Res. , vol.808 , pp. 1-7
    • Zhang, Y.1    Liu, G.Q.2
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0032720495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taurine release is enhanced in cell-damaging conditions in cultured cerebral cortical astrocytes
    • Saransaari P., Oja S.S. Taurine release is enhanced in cell-damaging conditions in cultured cerebral cortical astrocytes. Neurochem. Res. 24:1999;1523-1529
    • (1999) Neurochem. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 1523-1529
    • Saransaari, P.1    Oja, S.S.2
  • 45
    • 0033840852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taurine down-regulates basal and osmolarity-induced gene expression of its transporter, but not the gene expression of its biosynthetic enzymes, in astrocyte primary cultures
    • Bitoun M., Tappaz M. Taurine down-regulates basal and osmolarity-induced gene expression of its transporter, but not the gene expression of its biosynthetic enzymes, in astrocyte primary cultures. J. Neurochem. 75:2000;919-924
    • (2000) J. Neurochem. , vol.75 , pp. 919-924
    • Bitoun, M.1    Tappaz, M.2
  • 47
    • 0026223316 scopus 로고
    • Linear relation in microbial reaction systems: A general overview of their origin, form and use
    • Noorman H.J., Heijnen J.J., Luyben K.C.M. Linear relation in microbial reaction systems: a general overview of their origin, form and use. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 38:1991;603-618
    • (1991) Biotechnol. Bioeng. , vol.38 , pp. 603-618
    • Noorman, H.J.1    Heijnen, J.J.2    Luyben, K.C.M.3
  • 49
    • 0035577699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose and lactate metabolism during brain activation
    • Dienel G.A., Hertz L. Glucose and lactate metabolism during brain activation. Neurosci. Res. 66:2001;824-838
    • (2001) Neurosci. Res. , vol.66 , pp. 824-838
    • Dienel, G.A.1    Hertz, L.2
  • 51
    • 0027049780 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of neurons and glial cells in the rat somatosensory cortex, with special reference to GABAergic neurons and parvalbumin-containing neurons
    • Ren J.Q., Aika Y., Heizmann C.W., Kosaka T. Quantitative analysis of neurons and glial cells in the rat somatosensory cortex, with special reference to GABAergic neurons and parvalbumin-containing neurons. Exp. Brain Res. 92:1992;1-14
    • (1992) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.92 , pp. 1-14
    • Ren, J.Q.1    Aika, Y.2    Heizmann, C.W.3    Kosaka, T.4
  • 52
    • 4444366846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative changes in glial population during aging and contralateral lesions. Poster #25, (INABIS)
    • M.J. Ramírez-Expósito J.M. Martinez-Martos, Quantitative changes in glial population during aging and contralateral lesions. Poster #25, 6th Internet World Congress for Biomedical Sciences (INABIS, 2000), available at the Web: http://www.uclm.edu/inabis2000/posters/files/025/session.htm
    • (2000) 6th Internet World Congress for Biomedical Sciences
    • Ramírez-Expósito, M.J.1    Martinez-Martos, J.M.2
  • 53
    • 0035542983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligodendrocytes use lactate as a source of energy and as a precursor of lipids
    • Sanchez-Abarca L.I., Tabernero A., Medina J.M. Oligodendrocytes use lactate as a source of energy and as a precursor of lipids. Glia. 36:2001;321-329
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 321-329
    • Sanchez-Abarca, L.I.1    Tabernero, A.2    Medina, J.M.3
  • 55
    • 0034256935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cystine uptake in cultured astrocytes
    • Bender A.S., Reichelt W., Norenberg M.D. Characterization of cystine uptake in cultured astrocytes. Neurochem. Int. 37:2000;269-276
    • (2000) Neurochem. Int. , vol.37 , pp. 269-276
    • Bender, A.S.1    Reichelt, W.2    Norenberg, M.D.3
  • 56
    • 0025570260 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of glutamate and cystine in C-6 glioma cells and in cultured astrocytes
    • Cho Y., Bannai S. Uptake of glutamate and cystine in C-6 glioma cells and in cultured astrocytes. J. Neurochem. 55:1990;2091-2097
    • (1990) J. Neurochem. , vol.55 , pp. 2091-2097
    • Cho, Y.1    Bannai, S.2
  • 57
    • 0025355933 scopus 로고
    • Immature cortical neurones are uniqueley sensitive to glutamate toxicity by inhibition of cystine uptake
    • Murphy T.H., Schnaar R.L., Coyle J.T. Immature cortical neurones are uniqueley sensitive to glutamate toxicity by inhibition of cystine uptake. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. J. 4:1990;1624-1633
    • (1990) Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. J. , vol.4 , pp. 1624-1633
    • Murphy, T.H.1    Schnaar, R.L.2    Coyle, J.T.3
  • 58
    • 0028999165 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis and maintenance of GSH in primary astrocyte cultures, role of L-cystine and ascorbate
    • O'Connor E., Devesa A., Garcia C., Puertes I.R., Pellin A., Viña J.R. Biosynthesis and maintenance of GSH in primary astrocyte cultures, role of L-cystine and ascorbate. Brain Res. 680:1995;157-163
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.680 , pp. 157-163
    • O'Connor, E.1    Devesa, A.2    Garcia, C.3    Puertes, I.R.4    Pellin, A.5    Viña, J.R.6
  • 59
    • 0034006905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-Lactate inhibits L-cystine/L-glutamate exchange transport and decreases glutathione content in rat cultured astrocytes
    • Koyama Y., Kimura Y., Hashimoto H., Matsuda T., Baba A. L-Lactate inhibits L-cystine/L-glutamate exchange transport and decreases glutathione content in rat cultured astrocytes. J. Neurosci. Res. 59:2000;685-691
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.59 , pp. 685-691
    • Koyama, Y.1    Kimura, Y.2    Hashimoto, H.3    Matsuda, T.4    Baba, A.5
  • 60
    • 0033501641 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate induces rapid upregulation of astrocyte glutamate transport and cell-surface expression of GLAST
    • Duan S., Anderson C.M., Stein B.A., Swanson R.A. Glutamate induces rapid upregulation of astrocyte glutamate transport and cell-surface expression of GLAST. J. Neurosci. 19:1993;10193-10200
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 10193-10200
    • Duan, S.1    Anderson, C.M.2    Stein, B.A.3    Swanson, R.A.4
  • 62
    • 0035206385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of cystine transport
    • McBean G.J., Flynn J. Molecular mechanisms of cystine transport. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 29:2001;717-722
    • (2001) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.29 , pp. 717-722
    • McBean, G.J.1    Flynn, J.2
  • 63
    • 0033082865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of glutamate concentration in rat brain slices by cystine-glutamate exchange
    • Warr O., Takahashi M., Attwell D. Modulation of glutamate concentration in rat brain slices by cystine-glutamate exchange. J. Physiol. 514:1999;783-793
    • (1999) J. Physiol. , vol.514 , pp. 783-793
    • Warr, O.1    Takahashi, M.2    Attwell, D.3
  • 64
    • 0038469628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfer of glutamine between astrocytes and neurons
    • Bröer S., Brookes N. Transfer of glutamine between astrocytes and neurons. J. Neurochem. 77:2001;705-719
    • (2001) J. Neurochem. , vol.77 , pp. 705-719
    • Bröer, S.1    Brookes, N.2
  • 65
  • 66
    • 0036235284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementary distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters in the central nervous system
    • Kaneko T., Fujiyama F. Complementary distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters in the central nervous system. Neurosci. Res. 42:2002;243-250
    • (2002) Neurosci. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 243-250
    • Kaneko, T.1    Fujiyama, F.2
  • 67
    • 0023194773 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of neurons and glia in the visual cortex (area 17) of the adult albino rat, a quantitative description
    • Gabbott P.L., Stewart M.G. Distribution of neurons and glia in the visual cortex (area 17) of the adult albino rat, a quantitative description. Neuroscience. 21:1987;833-845
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.21 , pp. 833-845
    • Gabbott, P.L.1    Stewart, M.G.2
  • 68
    • 0029050628 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of glutathione and glutathione-related enzyme systems in mitochondria and cytosol of cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells
    • Huang J., Philbert M.A. Distribution of glutathione and glutathione-related enzyme systems in mitochondria and cytosol of cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells. Brain Res. 680:1995;16-22
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.680 , pp. 16-22
    • Huang, J.1    Philbert, M.A.2
  • 69
    • 0033668131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial cells in culture express a prominent glutathione system for the defense against reactive oxygen species
    • Hirrlinger J., Gutterer J.M., Kussmaul L., Hamprecht B., Dringen R. Microglial cells in culture express a prominent glutathione system for the defense against reactive oxygen species. Dev. Neurosci. 22:2000;384-392
    • (2000) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 384-392
    • Hirrlinger, J.1    Gutterer, J.M.2    Kussmaul, L.3    Hamprecht, B.4    Dringen, R.5
  • 70
    • 0033198805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid uptake and degradation of glycine by astroglial cells in culture, synthesis and release of serine and lactate
    • Verleysdonk S., Martin H., Willker W., Leibfritz D., Hamprecht B. Rapid uptake and degradation of glycine by astroglial cells in culture, synthesis and release of serine and lactate. Glia. 27:1999;239-248
    • (1999) Glia , vol.27 , pp. 239-248
    • Verleysdonk, S.1    Martin, H.2    Willker, W.3    Leibfritz, D.4    Hamprecht, B.5
  • 71
    • 0027399021 scopus 로고
    • Brain ischemia markedly elevates levels of the neurotoxic amino acid cysteine
    • Silvka A., Cohen G. Brain ischemia markedly elevates levels of the neurotoxic amino acid cysteine. Brain Res. 608:1993;33-37
    • (1993) Brain Res. , vol.608 , pp. 33-37
    • Silvka, A.1    Cohen, G.2
  • 72
    • 3142586960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cysteine sulfinic acid in rat brain under the experimental elevation of taurine content
    • Tsunoda M. Changes in cysteine sulfinic acid in rat brain under the experimental elevation of taurine content. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 36:1996;648-654
    • (1996) Rinsho Shinkeigaku , vol.36 , pp. 648-654
    • Tsunoda, M.1
  • 73
    • 0019992714 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of L-glutamate uptake into and release from astrocytes and neurons cultures from different brain regions
    • Drejer J., Larsson O.M., Schousboe A. Characterization of L-glutamate uptake into and release from astrocytes and neurons cultures from different brain regions. Exp. Brain Res. 47:1982;259-269
    • (1982) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.47 , pp. 259-269
    • Drejer, J.1    Larsson, O.M.2    Schousboe, A.3
  • 74
    • 0033176541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional difference of ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activity in rat brain and their dietary modulation
    • Baek B.S., Know H.J., Lee K.H., Yoo M.A., Kim K.W., Ikeno Y., Yu B.P., Chung H.Y. Regional difference of ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activity in rat brain and their dietary modulation. Arch. Pharm. Res. 22:1999;361-366
    • (1999) Arch. Pharm. Res. , vol.22 , pp. 361-366
    • Baek, B.S.1    Know, H.J.2    Lee, K.H.3    Yoo, M.A.4    Kim, K.W.5    Ikeno, Y.6    Yu, B.P.7    Chung, H.Y.8
  • 75
    • 0028484043 scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes exhibit regional specificity in gap-junction coupling
    • Lee S.H., Kim W.T., Cornell-Bell A.H., Sontheimer H. Astrocytes exhibit regional specificity in gap-junction coupling. Glia. 11:1994;315-325
    • (1994) Glia , vol.11 , pp. 315-325
    • Lee, S.H.1    Kim, W.T.2    Cornell-Bell, A.H.3    Sontheimer, H.4
  • 76
    • 0033673170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment and functional characterization of an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier, comprising a co-culture of brain capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes
    • Gaillard P.J., Voorwinden L.H., Nielsen J.L., Ivanov A., Atsumi R., Engman H., Ringbom C., de Boer A.G., Breimer D.D. Establishment and functional characterization of an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier, comprising a co-culture of brain capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 12:2001;215-222
    • (2001) Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.12 , pp. 215-222
    • Gaillard, P.J.1    Voorwinden, L.H.2    Nielsen, J.L.3    Ivanov, A.4    Atsumi, R.5    Engman, H.6    Ringbom, C.7    De Boer, A.G.8    Breimer, D.D.9
  • 77
    • 0242569629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A porcine astrocyte/endothelial cell co-culture model of the blood-brain barrier
    • Jeliazkova-Mecheva V.V., Bobilya D.J. A porcine astrocyte/endothelial cell co-culture model of the blood-brain barrier. Brain Res. Protoc. 12:2003;91-98
    • (2003) Brain Res. Protoc. , vol.12 , pp. 91-98
    • Jeliazkova-Mecheva, V.V.1    Bobilya, D.J.2
  • 79


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.