Signal cross talks for sustained MAPK activation and cell migration: The potential role of reactive oxygen species

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 303-314

  Wu, Wen Sheng ^a   Wu, Jia Ru ^a   Hu, Chi Tan ^a  

^a TZU CHI UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Cell migration; Integrin; MAPK activation; Protein kinase C; Reactive oxygen species; Receptor tyrosine kinase

Indexed keywords

INTEGRIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PAXILLIN; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SCAFFOLD PROTEIN;

CELL INVASION; CELL MIGRATION; FOCAL ADHESION; HUMAN; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ANIMALS; CELL MOVEMENT; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HUMANS; INTEGRINS; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS; PROTEIN KINASE C; REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; RECEPTOR CROSS-TALK; RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 43049124720     PISSN: 01677659     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-008-9112-4     Document Type: Review

References (146)

1. Christofori, G. (2006). New signals from the invasive front (review). Nature, 441(7092), 444-450.
2. Cairns, R. A., Khokha, R., & Hill, R. P. (2003). Molecular mechanisms of tumor invasion and metastasis: An integrated view. Current Molecular Medicine, 3(7), 659-671.
3. Sung, S. Y., Hsieh, C. L., Wu, D., Chung, L. W., & Johnstone, P. A. (2007). Tumor microenvironment promotes cancer progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Current Problems in Cancer, 31(2), 36-100.
4. Ridley, A. J., Schwartz, M. A., Burridge, K., Firtel, R. A., Ginsberg, M. H., Borisy, G., et al. (2003). Cell migration: Integrating signals from front to back. Science, 302(5651), 1704-1709.
5. Gao, C. F., & Vande Woude, G. F. (2005). HGF/SF-Met signaling in tumor progression. Cell Research, 15(1), 49-51.
6. Bierie, B., & Moses, H. L. (2006). Tumour microenvironment: TGFbeta: The molecular Jekyll and Hyde of cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, 6(7), 506-520.
7. Kim, H., & Muller, W. J. (1999). The role of the epidermal growth factor receptor family in mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis. Experimental Cell Research, 253(1), 78-87.
8. Qiang, Y. W., Walsh, K., Yao, L., Kedei, N., Blumberg, P. M., Rubin, J. S., et al. (2005). Wnts induce migration and invasion of myeloma plasma cells. Blood, 106(5), 1786-1793.
9. Johnson, G. L., & Lapadat, R. (2002). Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways mediated by ERK, JNK, and p38 protein kinases. Science, 298(5600), 1911-1912.
10. Huang, C., Jacobson, K., & Schaller, M. D. (2004). MAP kinases and cell migration. Journal of Cell Science, 117(Pt 20), 4619-4628.
11. Galabova-Kovacs, G., Kolbus, A., Matzen, D., Meissl, K., Piazzolla, D., Rubiolo, C., et al. (2006). ERK and beyond: insights from B-Raf and Raf-1 conditional knockouts. Cell Cycle, 5(14), 1514-1518.
12. von Kriegsheim, A., Pitt, A., Grindlay, G. J., Kolch, W., & Dhillon, A. S. (2006). Regulation of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway by protein phosphatase 5. Nature Cell Biology, 8(9), 1011-1016.
13. Rajalingam, K., Wunder, C., Brinkmann, V., Churin, Y., Hekman, M., Sievers, C., et al. (2005). Prohibitin is required for Ras-induced Raf-MEK-ERK activation and epithelial cell migration. Nature Cell Biology, 7(8), 837-843.
14. Giehl, K. (2005). Oncogenic Ras in tumour progression and metastasis. Biological Chemistry, 386(3), 193-205.
15. Shin, I., Kim, S., Song, H., Kim, H. R., & Moon, A. (2005). H-Ras-specific activation of Rac-MKK3/6-p38 pathway: its critical role in invasion and migration of breast epithelial cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(15), 14675-14683.
16. Veit, C., Genze, F., Menke, A., Hoeffert, S., Gress, T. M., Gierschik, P., et al. (2004). Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase is required for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-induced migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Cancer Research, 64(15), 5291-5300.
17. Woods, D., Cherwinski, H., Venetsanakos, E., Bhat, A., Gysin, S., Humbert, M., et al. (2001). Induction of beta3-integrin gene expression by sustained activation of the Ras-regulated Raf-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 21(9), 3192-3205.
18. Imamichi, Y., & Menke, A. (2007). Signaling pathways involved in collagen-induced disruption of the E-cadherin complex during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cells Tissues Organs, 185(1-3), 180-190.
19. Yan, F., Hui, Y. N., Li, Y. J., Guo, C. M., & Meng, H. (2007). Epidermal growth factor receptor in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Ophthalmologica, 221(4), 244-250.
20. Matsumoto, T., Yokote, K., Tamura, K., Takemoto, M., Ueno, H., Saito, Y., et al. (1999). Platelet-derived growth factor activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase through a Ras-dependent pathway that is important for actin reorganization and cell migration. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274(20), 13954-13960.
21. Guo, W., & Giancotti, F. G. (2004). Integrin signalling during tumour progression. Nature Reviews. Molecular cell biology, 5(10), 816-826.
22. Kurayoshi, M., Oue, N., Yamamoto, H., Kishida, M., Inoue, A., Asahara, T., et al. (2006). Expression of Wnt-5a is correlated with aggressiveness of gastric cancer by stimulating cell migration and invasion. Cancer Research, 66(21), 10439-10448.
23. Abassi, Y. A., & Vuori, K. (2002). Tyrosine 221 in Crk regulates adhesion-dependent membrane localization of Crk and Rac and activation of Rac signaling. EMBO Journal, 21(17), 4571-4582.
24. Hsia, D. A., Mitra, S. K., Hauck, C. R., Streblow, D. N., Nelson, J. A., Ilic, D., et al. (2003). Differential regulation of cell motility and invasion by FAK. Journal of Cell Biology, 160(5), 753-767.
25. Rucci, N., DiGiacinto, C., Orru, L., Millimaggi, D., Baron, R., & Teti, A. (2005). A novel protein kinase C alpha-dependent signal to ERK1/2 activated by alphaVbeta3 integrin in osteoclasts and in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Journal of Cell Science, 118(Pt 15), 3263-3275.
26. Desban, N., Lissitzky, J. C., Rousselle, P., & Duband, J. L. (2006). alpha1beta1-integrin engagement to distinct laminin-1 domains orchestrates spreading, migration and survival of neural crest cells through independent signaling pathways. Journal of Cell Science, 119(Pt 15), 3206-3218.
27. Kermorgant, S., Zicha, D., & Parker, P. J. (2004). PKC controls HGF-dependent c-Met traffic, signalling and cell migration. EMBO Journal, 23(19), 3721-3734.
28. Tian, Y. C., Chen, Y. C., Chang, C. T., Hung, C. C., Wu, M. S., Phillips, A., et al. (2007). Epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta1 enhance HK-2 cell migration through a synergistic increase of matrix metalloproteinase and sustained activation of ERK signaling pathway. Experimental Cell Research, 313(11), 2367-2377.
29. Mercer, K., Giblett, S., Oakden, A., Brown, J., Marais, R., & Pritchard, C. (2005). A-Raf and Raf-1 work together to influence transient ERK phosphorylation and Gl/S cell cycle progression. Oncogene, 24(33), 5207-5217.
30. Kim, S. J., Kim, S. Y., Kwon, C. H., & Kim, Y. K. (2007). Differential effect of FGF and PDGF on cell proliferation and migration in osteoblastic cells. Growth Factors, 25(2), 77-86.
31. McCawley, L. J., Li, S., Wattenberg, E. V., & Hudson, L. G. (1999). Sustained activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. A mechanism underlying receptor tyrosine kinase specificity for matrix metalloproteinase-9 induction and cell migration. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274(7), 4347-4353.
32. Krueger, J. S., Keshamouni, V. G., Atanaskova, N., & Reddy, K. B. (2001). Temporal and quantitative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) modulates cell motility and invasion. Oncogene, 20(31), 4209-4218.
33. lin, E. J., Opresko, L. K., Wells, A., Wiley, H. S., & Lauffenburger, D. A. (2007). EGF-receptor- mediated mammary epithelial cell migration is driven by sustained ERK signaling from autocrine stimulation. Journal of Cell Science, 120(Pt 20), 3688-3699.
34. Suyama, K., Shapiro, I., Guttman, M., & Hazan, R. B. (2002). A signaling pathway leading to metastasis is controlled by N-cadherin and the FGF receptor. Cancer Cell, 2(4), 301-314.
35. Pukac, L., Huangpu, J., & Karnovsky, M. J. (1998). Platelet-derived growth factor-BB, insulin-like growth factor-I, and phorbol ester activate different signaling pathways for stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Experimental Cell Research, 242(2), 548-560.
36. Wu, W. S., Tsai, R. K., Chang, C. H., Wang, S., Wu, J. R., & Chang, Y. X. (2006). Reactive oxygen species mediated sustained activation of protein kinase C alpha and extracellular signal-regulated kinase for migration of human hepatoma cell Hepg2. Molecular Cancer Research, 4(10), 747-758.
37. Levy, Y., Ronen, D., Bershadsky, A. D., & Zick, Y. (2003). Sustained induction of ERK, protein kinase B, and p70 S6 kinase regulates cell spreading and formation of F-actin microspikes upon ligation of integrins by galectin-8, a mammalian lectin. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278(16), 14533-14542.
38. Meier, F., Busch, S., Gast, D., Goppert, A., Altevogt, P., Maczey, E., et al. (2006). The adhesion molecule L1 (CD171) promotes melanoma progression. International Journal of Cancer, 119(3), 549-555.
39. Woods, D., Cherwinski, H., Venetsanakos, E., Bhat, A., Gysin, S., Humbert, M., et al. (2001). Induction of beta3-integrin gene expression by sustained activation of the Ras-regulated Raf-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 21(9), 3192-3205.
40. Katz, M., Amit, I., & Yarden, Y. (2007). Regulation of MAPKs by growth factors and receptor tyrosine kinases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1773(8), 1161-1176.
41. Silletti, S., Yebra, M., Perez, B., Cirulli, V., McMahon, M., & Montgomery, A. M. (2004). Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent gene expression contributes to L1 cell adhesion molecule-dependent motility and invasion. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279(28), 28880-28888.
42. Ishibe, S., Joly, D., Liu, Z. X., & Cantley, L. G. (2004). Paxillin serves as an ERK-regulated scaffold for coordinating FAK and Rac activation in epithelial morphogenesis. Molecular Cell, 16(2), 257-267.
43. Giancotti, F. G., & Ruoslahti, E. (1999). Integrin signaling. Science, 285(5430), 1028-1032.
44. Mitra, S. K., & Schlaepfer, D. D. (2006). Integrin-regulated FAK-Src signaling in normal and cancer cells. Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 18(5), 516-523.
45. Hood, J. D., & Cheresh, D. A. (2002). Role of integrins in cell invasion and migration. Nature Reviews. Cancer, 2(2), 91-100.
46. Chiarugi, P., & Fiaschi, T. (2007). Redox signalling in anchorage-dependent cell growth. Cell Signal, 19(4), 672-682.
47. Friedman, A., & Perrimon, N. (2006). A functional RNAi screen for regulators of receptor tyrosine kinase and ERK signalling. Nature, 444(7116), 230-234.
48. Giancotti, F. G., & Tarone, G. (2003). Positional control of cell fate through joint integrin/receptor protein kinase signaling. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 19, 173-206.
49. Borges, E., Jan, Y., & Ruoslahti, E. (2000). Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 bind to the beta 3 integrin through its extracellular domain. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275(51), 39867-39873.
50. Short, S. M., Boyer, J. L., & Juliano, R. L. (2000). Integrins regulate the linkage between upstream and downstream events in G protein-coupled receptor signaling to mitogen-activated protein kinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275(17), 12970-12977.
51. Guo, W., Pylayeva, Y., Pepe, A., Yoshioka, T., Muller, W. J., Inghirami, G., et al. (2006). Beta 4 integrin amplifies ErbB2 signaling to promote mammary tumorigenesis. Cell, 126(3), 489-502.
52. Clemmons, D. R., & Maile, L. A. (2005). Interaction between insulin-like growth factor-I receptor and alphaVbeta3 integrin linked signaling pathways: cellular responses to changes in multiple signaling inputs. Molecular Endocrinology, 19(1), 1-11.
53. Miyamoto, S., Teramoto, H., Gutkind, J. S., & Yamada, K. M. (1996). Integrins can collaborate with growth factors for phosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases and MAP kinase activation: roles of integrin aggregation and occupancy of receptors. Journal of Cell Biology, 135(6 Pt 1), 1633-1642.
54. Turner, C. E. (2000). Paxillin interactions. Journal of Cell Science, 113(Pt 23), 4139-4140.
55. Gilcrease, M. Z. (2007). Integrin signaling in epithelial cells. Cancer Letters, 247(1), 1-25.
56. Li, F., Zhang, Y., & Wu, C. (1999). Integrin-linked kinase is localized to cell-matrix focal adhesions but not cell-cell adhesion sites and the focal adhesion localization of integrin-linked kinase is regulated by the PINCH-binding ANK repeats. Journal of Cell Science, 112(Pt 24), 4589-4599.
57. Tu, Y., Li, F., & Wu, C. (1998). Nck-2, a novel Src homology2/3-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the LIM-only protein PINCH and components of growth factor receptor kinase-signaling pathways. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 9(12), 3367-3382.
58. ffrench-Constant, C., & Colognato, H. (2004). Integrins: Versatile integrators of extracellular signals. Trends in Cell Biology, 14(12), 678-686.
59. Chan, P. C., Chen, S. Y., Chen, C. H., & Chen, H. C. (2006). Crosstalk between hepatocyte growth factor and integrin signaling pathways. Journal of Biomedical Science, 13(2), 215-223.
60. Playford, M. P., & Schaller, M. D. (2004). The interplay between Src and integrins in normal and tumor biology. Oncogene, 23, 7928-7946.
61. Mitra, S. K., & Schlaepfer, D. D. (2006). Integrin-regulated FAK-Src signaling in normal and cancer cells. Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 18(5), 516-523.
62. Zaidel-Bar, R., Milo, R., Kam, Z., & Geiger, B. (2007). A paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation switch regulates the assembly and form of cell-matrix adhesions. Journal of Cell Science, 120(Pt 1), 137-148.
63. Brown, M. C., & Turner, C. E. (2004). Paxillin: adapting to change. Physiological Reviews, 84(4), 1315-1339.
64. Waters, C. M., Connell, M. C., Pyne, S., & Pyne, N. J. (2005). c-Src is involved in regulating signal transmission from PDGFbeta receptor-GPCR(s) complexes in mammalian cells. Cell Signal, 17(2), 263-277.
65. Mon, N. N., Ito, S., Senga, T., & Hamaguchi, M. (2006). FAK signaling in neoplastic disorders: a linkage between inflammation and cancer. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1086, 199-212.
66. Park, S. Y., Li, H., & Avraham, S. (2007). RAFTK/Pyk2 regulates EGF-induced PC12 cell spreading and movement. Cell Signal, 19(2), 289-300.
67. Monami, G., Gonzalez, E. M., Hellman, M., Gomella, L. G., Baffa, R., Iozzo, R. V., et al. (2006). Proepithelin promotes migration and invasion of 5637 bladder cancer cells through the activation of ERK1/2 and the formation of a paxillin/FAK/ERK complex. Cancer Research, 66(14), 7103-7110.
68. Lesslie, D. P., Summy, J. M., Parikh, N. U., Fan, F., Trevino, J. G., Sawyer, T. K., et al. (2006). Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 mediates migration of human colorectal carcinoma cells by activation of Src family kinases. British Journal of Cancer, 94(11), 1710-1717.
69. Ishibe, S., Joly, D., Zhu, X., & Cantley, L. G. (2003). Phosphorylation-dependent paxillin-ERK association mediates hepatocyte growth factor-stimulated epithelial morphogenesis. Molecular Cell, 12(5), 1275-1285.
70. Manser, E., Loo, T. H., Koh, C. G., Zhao, Z. S., Chen, X. Q., Tan, L., et al. (1998). PAK kinases are directly coupled to the PIX family of nucleotide exchange factors. Molecular Cell, 1(2), 183-192.
71. West, K. A., Zhang, H., Brown, M. C., Nikolopoulos, S. N., Riedy, M. C., Horwitz, A. F., et al. (2001). The LD4 motif of paxillin regulates cell spreading and motility through an interaction with paxillin kinase linker (PKL). Journal of Cell Biology, 154(1), 161-176.
72. Nayal, A., Webb, D. J., Brown, C. M., Schaefer, E. M., Vicente-Manzanares, M., & Horwitz, A. R. (2006). Paxillin phosphorylation at Ser273 localizes a GIT1-PIX-PAK complex and regulates adhesion and protrusion dynamics. Journal of Cell Biology, 173(4), 587-589.
73. Turner, C. E., Brown, M. C., Perrotta, J. A., Riedy, M. C., Nikolopoulos, S. N., McDonald, A. R., et al. (1999). Paxillin LD4 motif binds PAK and PIX through a novel 95-kD ankyrin repeat, ARF-GAP protein: A role in cytoskeletal remodeling. Journal of Cell Biology, 145(4), 851-863.
74. Lamorte, L., Rodrigues, S., Sangwan, V., Turner, C. E., & Park, M. (2003). Crk associates with a multimolecular paxillin/GIT2/beta-PIX complex and promotes Rac-dependent relocalization of paxillin to focal contacts. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 14(7), 2818-2831.
75. Shen, Y., Lyons, P., Cooley, M., Davidson, D., Veillette, A., Salgia, R., et al. (2000). The noncatalytic domain of protein-tyrosine phosphatase-PEST targets paxillin for dephosphorylation in vivo. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275(2), 1405-1413.
76. Sastry, S. K., Lyons, P. D., Schaller, M. D., & Burridge, K. (2002). PTP-PEST controls motility through regulation of Rac1. Journal of Cell Science, 115(Pt 22), 4305-4316.
77. Jamieson, J. S., Tumbarello, D. A., Hallé, M., Brown, M. C., Tremblay, M. L., & Turner, C. E. (2005). Paxillin is essential for PTP-PEST-dependent regulation of cell spreading and motility: a role for paxillin kinase linker. Journal of Cell Science, 118(Pt 24), 5835-5847.
78. Griner, E. M., & Kazanietz, M. G. (2007). Protein kinase C and other diacylglycerol effectors in cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, 7(4), 281-294.
79. Wu, W. S. (2006). The signaling mechanism of ROS in tumor progression. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 25(4), 695-705.
80. Lipscomb, E. A., & Mercurio, A. M. (2005). Mobilization and activation of a signaling competent alpha6beta4integrin underlies its contribution to carcinoma progression. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 24(3), 413-423.
81. Oka, M., & Kikkawa, U. (2005). Protein kinase C in melanoma. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 24(2), 287-300.
82. Kiley, S. C., Clark, K. J., Goodnough, M., Welch, D. R., & Jaken, S. (1999). Protein kinase C delta involvement in mammary tumor cell metastasis. Cancer Research, 59(13), 3230-3238.
83. Pan, Q., Bao, L. W., Kleer, C. G., Sabel, M. S., Griffith, K. A., Teknos, T. N., et al. (2005). Protein kinase C epsilon is a predictive biomarker of aggressive breast cancer and a validated target for RNA interference anticancer therapy. Cancer Research, 65(18), 8366-8371.
84. Gopalakrishna, R., & Jaken, S. (2000). Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 28(9), 1349-1361.
85. Gomez, D. E., Skilton, G., Alonso, D. F., & Kazanietz, M. G. (1999). The role of protein kinase C and novel phorbol ester receptors in tumor cell invasion and metastasis (review). Oncology Reports, 6(6), 1363-1370.
86. Guan, C. X., Cui, Y. R., Zhang, M., Bai, H. B., Khunkhun, R., & Fang, X. (2007). Intracellular signaling molecules involved in vasoactive intestinal peptide-mediated wound healing in human bronchial epithelial cells. Peptides, 28(9), 1667-1673.
87. Keshamouni, V. G., Mattingly, R. R., & Reddy, K. B. (2002). Mechanism of 17-beta-estradiol-induced Erk1/2 activation in breast cancer cells. A role for HER2 AND PKC-delta. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(25), 22558-22565.
88. Besson, A., Davy, A., Robbins, S. M., & Yong, V. W. (2001). Differential activation of ERKs to focal adhesions by PKC epsilon is required for PMA-induced adhesion and migration of human glioma cells. Oncogene, 20(50), 7398-7407.
89. Pukac, L., Huangpu, J., & Karnovsky, M. J. (1998). Platelet-derived growth factor-BB, insulin-like growth factor-I, and phorbol ester activate different signaling pathways for stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Experimental Cell Research, 242(2), 548-560.
90. Rigot, V., Lehmann, M., Andre, F., Daemi, N., Marvaldi, J., & Luis, J. (1998). Integrin ligation and PKC activation are required for migration of colon carcinoma cells. Journal of Cell Science, 111(Pt 20), 3119-3127.
91. Larsson, C. (2006). Protein kinase C and the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Cellular Signalling, 18(3), 276-284.
92. Disatnik, M. H., & Rando, T. A. (1999). Integrin-mediated muscle cell spreading. The role of protein kinase C in outside-in and inside-out signaling and evidence of integrin cross-talk. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274(45), 32486-32492.
93. Rabinovitz, I., Tsomo, L., & Mercurio, A. M. (2004). Protein kinase C-alpha phosphorylation of specific serines in the connecting segment of the beta 4 integrin regulates the dynamics of type II hemidesmosomes. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 24(10), 4351-4360.
94. Parsons, M., Keppler, M. D., Kline, A., Messent, A., Humphries, M. J., Gilchrist, R., et al. (2002). Site-directed perturbation of protein kinase C- integrin interaction blocks carcinoma cell chemotaxis. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 22(16), 5897-5911.
95. Nomura, N., Nomura, M., Sugiyama, K., & Hamada, J. (2007). Src regulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-activated PKC-induced migration via Cas/Crk/Rac1 signaling pathway in glioblastoma cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 20(4), 511-519.
96. Lee, M. S., Kim, Y. B., Lee, S. Y., Kim, J. G., Kim, S. H., Ye, S. K., et al. (2006). Integrin signaling and cell spreading mediated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 99(1), 88-95.
97. De Nichilo, M. O., & Yamada, K. M. (1996). Integrin alpha v beta 5-dependent serine phosphorylation of paxillin in cultured human macrophages adherent to vitronectin. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271(18), 11016-11022.
98. Doan, A. T., & Huttenlocher, A. (2007). RACK1 regulates Src activity and modulates paxillin dynamics during cell migration. Experimental Cell Research, 313(12), 2667-2679.
99. Poli, G., Leonarduzzi, G., Biasi, F., & Chiarpotto, E. (2004). Oxidative stress and cell signalling. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 11(9), 1163-1182.
100. Aslan, M., & Ozben, T. (2003). Oxidants in receptor tyrosine kinase signal transduction pathways. Antioxidants & Redox Signalling, 5(6), 781-788.
101. Chiarugi, P. (2005). PTPs versus PTKs: the redox side of the coin. Free Radical Research, 39(4), 353-364.
102. Giles, G. I. (2006). The redox regulation of thiol dependent signaling pathways in cancer. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 12(34), 4427-4443.
103. Chandel, N. S., & Budinger, G. R. (2007). The cellular basis for diverse responses to oxygen. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 42(2), 165-174.
104. Pervaiz, S. (2006). Pro-oxidant milieu blunts scissors: insight into tumor progression, drug resistance, and novel druggable targets. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 12(34), 4469-4477.
105. Cheng, G. C., Schulze, P. C., Lee, R. T., Sylvan, J., Zetter, B. R., & Huang, H. (2004). Oxidative stress and thioredoxin-interacting protein promote intravasation of melanoma cells. Experimental Cell Research, 300(2), 297-307.
106. Ferraro, D., Corso, S., Fasano, E., Panieri, E., Santangelo, R., Borrello, S., et al. (2006). Pro-metastatic signaling by c-Met through RAC-1 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oncogene, 25(26), 3689-3698.
107. Park, I. J., Hwang, J. T., Kim, Y. M., Ha, J., & Park, O. J. (2006). Differential modulation of AMPK signaling pathways by low or high levels of exogenous reactive oxygen species in colon cancer cells. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1091, 102-109.
108. Jagadeeswaran, R., Jagadeeswaran, S., Bindokas, V. P., & Salgia, R. (2007). Activation of HGF/c-Met pathway contributes to the reactive oxygen species generation and motility of small cell lung cancer cells. American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 292(6), L1488-1494.
109. Nishigori, C., Hattori, Y., & Toyokuni, S. (2004). Role of reactive oxygen species in skin carcinogenesis. Antioxidants & Redox Signalling, 6(3), 561-570.
110. Miura, D., Miura, Y., & Yagasaki, K. (2004). Resveratrol inhibits hepatoma cell invasion by suppressing gene expression of hepatocyte growth factor via its reactive oxygen species-scavenging property. Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 21(5), 445-451.
111. Nimnual, A. S., Taylor, L. J., & Bar-Sagi, D. (2003). Redox-dependent downregulation of Rho by Rac. Nature Cell Biology, 5(3), 236-241.
112. Voncken, J. W., van Schaick, H., Kaartinen, V., Deemer, K., Coates, T., Landing, B., et al. (1995). Increased neutrophil respiratory burst in bcr-null mutants. Cell, 80(5), 719-728.
113. Bokoch, G. M., & Knaus, U. G. (2003). NADPH oxidases: not just for leukocytes anymore!. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 28(9), 502-508.
114. Choi, M. H., Lee, I. K., Kim, G. W., Kim, B. U., Han, Y. H., Yu, D. Y., et al. (2005). Regulation of PDGF signalling and vascular remodelling by peroxiredoxin II. Nature, 435(7040), 347-353.
115. Arakaki, N., Kajihara, T., Arakaki, R., Ohnishi, T., Kazi, J. A., Nakashima, H., et al. (1999). Involvement of oxidative stress in tumor cytotoxic activity of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274(19), 13541-13546.
116. Colavitti, R., Pani, G., Bedogni, B., Anzevino, R., Borrello, S., Waltenberger, J., et al. (2002). Reactive oxygen species as downstream mediators of angiogenic signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/KDR. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(5), 3101-3108.
117. Werner, E., & Werb, Z. (2002). Integrins engage mitochondrial function for signal transduction by a mechanism dependent on Rho GTPases. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 158(2), 357-368.
118. Kamata, H., Honda, S., Maeda, S., Chang, L., Hirata, H., & Karin, M. (2005). Reactive oxygen species promote TNFalpha-induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases. Cell, 120(5), 649-661.
119. Chen, C. C., Young, J. L., Monzon, R. I., Chen, N., Todorovic, V., & Lau, L. F. (2007). Cytotoxicity of TNFalpha is regulated by integrin-mediated matrix signaling. EMBO Journal, 26(5), 1257-1267.
120. Chiarugi, P. (2003). Reactive oxygen species as mediators of cell adhesion. Italian Journal of Biochemistry, 52(1), 28-32.
121. Chiarugi, P., Pani, G., Giannoni, E., Taddei, L., Colavitti, R., Raugei, G., et al. (2003). Reactive oxygen species as essential mediators of cell adhesion: the oxidative inhibition of a FAK tyrosine phosphatase is required for cell adhesion. Journal of Cell Biology, 161(5), 933-944.
122. Choi, M. H., Lee, I. K., Kim, G. W., Kim, B. U., Han, Y. H., Yu, D. Y., et al. (2005). Regulation of PDGF signalling and vascular remodelling by peroxiredoxin II. Nature, 435(7040), 347-353.
123. Meng, T. C., Fukada, T., & Tonks, N. K. (2002). Reversible oxidation and inactivation of protein tyrosine phosphatases in vivo. Molecular Cell, 9(2), 387-399.
124. Lee, J. K., Edderkaoui, M., Truong, P., Ohno, I., Jang, K. T., Berti, A., et al. (2007). NADPH oxidase promotes pancreatic cancer cell survival via inhibiting JAK2 dephosphorylation by tyrosine phosphatases. Gastroenterology, 133(5), 1637-1648.
125. Gozin, A., Franzini, E., Andrieu, V., Da Costa, L., Rollet-Labelle, E., & Pasquier, C. (1998). Reactive oxygen species activate focal adhesion kinase, paxillin and p130cas tyrosine phosphorylation in endothelial cells. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 25(9), 1021-1032.
126. Ushio-Fukai, M., Tang, Y., Fukai, T., Dikalov, S. I., Ma, Y., Fujimoto, M., et al. (2002). Novel role of gp91(phox) containing NAD(P)H oxidase in vascular endothelial growth factor-induced signaling and angiogenesis. Circulation Research, 91(12), 1160-1167.
127. Wu, R. F., Xu, Y. C., Ma, Z., Nwariaku, F. E., Sarosi Jr, G. A., & Terada, L. S. (2005). Subcellular targeting of oxidants during endothelial cell migration. Journal of Cell Biology, 171(5), 893-904.
128. Xu, Y. C., Wu, R. F., Gu, Y., Yang, Y. S., Yang, M. C., Nwariaku, F. E., et al. (2002). Involvement of TRAF4 in oxidative activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(31), 28051-28057.
129. Zhang, J., Zhang, L. X., Meltzer, P. S., Barrett, J. C., & Trent, J. M. (2000). Molecular cloning of human Hic-5, a potential regulator involved in signal transduction and cellular senescence. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 27(3), 177-183.
130. Turner, C. E., Brown, M. C., Perrotta, J. A., Riedy, M. C., Nikolopoulos, S. N., McDonald, A. R., et al. (1999). Paxillin LD4 motif binds PAK and PIX through a novel 95-kD ankyrin repeat, ARF-GAP protein: A role in cytoskeletal remodeling. Journal of Cell Biology, 145(4), 851-863.
131. Matsuya, M., Sasaki, H., Aoto, H., Mitaka, T., Nagura, K., Ohba, T., et al. (1998). Cell adhesion kinase beta forms a complex with a new member, Hic-5, of proteins localized at focal adhesions. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(2), 1003-1014.
132. Nishiya, N., Iwabuchi, Y., Shibanuma, M., Côté, J. F., Tremblay, M. L., & Nose, K. (1999). Hic-5, a paxillin homologue, binds to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PEST (PTP-PEST) through its LIM 3 domain. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274(14), 9847-9853.
133. Lee, K., & Esselman, W. J. (2002). Inhibition of PTPs by H(2)O(2) regulates the activation of distinct MAPK pathways. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 33(8), 1121-1132.
134. Greene, E. L., Lu, G., Zhang, D., & Egan, B. M. (2001). Signaling events mediating the additive effects of oleic acid and angiotensin II on vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Hypertension, 37(2), 308-312.
135. Gopalakrishna, R., & Jaken, S. (2000). Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 28(9), 1349-1361.
136. Shackelford, R. E., Kaufmann, W. K., & Paules, R. S. (2000). Oxidative stress and cell cycle checkpoint function. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 28(9), 1387-1404.
137. Lin, D., & Takemoto, D. J. (2005). Oxidative activation of protein kinase Cgamma through the C1 domain. Effects on gap junctions. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(14), 13682-13693.
138. Inoguchi, T., Sonta, T., Tsubouchi, H., Etoh, T., Kakimoto, M., Sonoda, N., et al. (2003). Protein kinase C-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vascular tissues of diabetes: role of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(8 Suppl 3), S227-232.
139. Lee, H. B., Yu, M. R., Yang, Y., Jiang, Z., & Ha, H. (2003). Reactive oxygen species-regulated signaling pathways in diabetic nephropathy. Journal of The American Society of Nephrology, 14(8 Suppl 3), S241-245.
140. Frey, R. S., Gao, X., Javaid, K., Siddiqui, S. S., Rahman, A., & Malik, A. B. (2006). Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma signaling through protein kinase Czeta induces NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidant generation and NF-kappaB activation in endothelial cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281(23), 16128-16138.
141. Kwan, J., Wang, H., Munk, S., Xia, L., Goldberg, H. J., & Whiteside, C. I. (2005). In high glucose protein kinase C-zeta activation is required for mesangial cell generation of reactive oxygen species. Kidney International, 68(6), 2526-2541.
142. Xia, L., Wang, H., Goldberg, H. J., Munk, S., Fantus, I. G., & Whiteside, C. I. (2006). Mesangial cell NADPH oxidase upregulation in high glucose is protein kinase C dependent and required for collagen IV expression. American Journal of Physiology, Renal Physiology, 290(2), F345-356.
143. Talior, I., Tennenbaum, T., Kuroki, T., & Eldar-Finkelman, H. (2005). PKC-delta-dependent activation of oxidative stress in adipocytes of obese and insulin-resistant mice: role for NADPH oxidase. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism, 288(2), E405-411.
144. Lee, H. B., Yu, M. R., Song, J. S., & Ha, H. (2004). Reactive oxygen species amplify protein kinase C signaling in high glucose-induced fibronectin expression by human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Kidney International, 65(4), 1170-1179.
145. Takahashi, A., Ohtani, N., Yamakoshi, K., Iida, S., Tahara, H., Nakayama, K., et al. (2006). Mitogenic signalling and the p16INK4a-Rb pathway cooperate to enforce irreversible cellular senescence. Nature Cell Biology, 8(11), 1291-1297.
146. Chen, C. C. (1999). Protein kinase C alpha, delta, epsilon and zeta in C6 glioma cells. TPA induces translocation and down-regulation of conventional and new PKC isoforms but not atypical PKC zeta. FEBS Letters, 332(1-2), 169-173.