Overweight and obesity: Key components of cardiometabolic risk

Clinical Cornerstone

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 29-37

  Aronne, Louis J ^a   Isoldi, Kathy K ^b  

^a WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

^b NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; ANTIOBESITY AGENT; BIOCHEMICAL MARKER; CANNABINOID 1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; METFORMIN; PHENTERMINE; PLACEBO; RIMONABANT; SIBUTRAMINE; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TOPIRAMATE; ZONISAMIDE;

ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEPRESSION; DEVELOPED COUNTRY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DIZZINESS; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EPIDEMIC; FOOD AVAILABILITY; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; METABOLIC DISORDER; NAUSEA; NEOPLASM; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PHYSICAL STRESS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; THROMBOSIS; TREATMENT PLANNING; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ADIPOCYTES; ADIPOKINES; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; LIFE STYLE; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PIPERIDINES; PYRAZOLES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 42649131079     PISSN: 10983597     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1098-3597(07)80026-3     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Flegal K., Carroll M., Kuczmarski R., and Johnson C. Overweight and obesity in the United States: Prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. Int J Obes 22 (1998) 39-47
2. Manson J., Skerrett P., Greenland P., and VanItallie T. The escalating pandemics of obesity and sedentary lifestyle. A call to action for clinicians. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 249-258
3. Ogden C., Carroll M., Curtin L., et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 295 (2006) 1549-1555
4. Bray G. Medical consequences of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 2583-2589
5. World Heath Organization. Fact sheet: Obesity and overweight
6. http://www.who.int/dietphysical-activity/publications/facts/obesity/en/ Accessed June 8, 2007
7. Stein C., and Colditz G. The epidemic of obesity. J Clin Endo Metab 89 (2004) 2522-2525
8. Dietz W. Health consequences of obesity in youth: Childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics 101 (1998) 518-525
9. Daniels S., Arnett D., Eckel R., et al. Overweight in children and adolescents: Pathophysiology, consequences, prevention and treatment. Circulation 111 (2005) 1999-2012
10. Dalton S. Gauging obesity's toll. In: Dalton S. (Ed). Our Overweight Children: What Parents, Schools, and Communities Can Do to Control the Fatness Epidemic (2004), University of California Press, Los Angeles, Calif 28-42
11. Olshansky J., Passaro D., Hershow R., et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 1138-1145
12. Wolf A. Economic outcomes of the obese patient. Obes Res 10 Suppl 1 (2002) 58S-62S
13. Finkelstein E., Fiebelkorn I., and Wang G. National medical spending attributable to overweight and obesity: How much, and who's paying. Health Aff (Millwood) Suppl Web Exclusive (2003) W3-219-W3-226
14. Korner J., and Aronne L. The emerging science of body weight regulation and its impact on obesity treatment. J Clin Invest 111 (2003) 565-570
15. Greenberg A., and Obin M. Obesity and the role of adipose tissue in inflammation and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 83 (2006) 461S-465S
16. Jequier E. Leptin signaling, adiposity, and energy balance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 967 (2002) 379-388
17. Goldstein B., and Scalia R. Adiponectin: A novel adipokine linking adipocytes and vascular function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 2563-2568
18. Wellen K., and Hotamisligil G. Inflammation, stress, and diabetes. J Clin Invest 115 (2005) 1111-1119
19. Schmidt M., and Duncan B. Diabesity: An inflammatory metabolic condition. Clin Chem Lab Med 41 (2003) 1120-1130
20. Silha J., Krsek M., Skrha J., et al. Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: Correlations with insulin resistance. Eur J Endocrinol 149 (2003) 331-335
21. Trayhurn P., and Wood I. Adipokines: Inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue. Br J Nutr 92 (2004) 347-355
22. Lumeng C., Bodzin J., and Saltiel A. Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization. J Clin Invest 117 (2007) 175-184
23. Lewis G., Carpentier A., Adeli K., and Giacca A. Disordered fat storage and mobilization in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Endocrine Rev 23 (2002) 201-229
24. Steinberg H., and Baron A. Vascular function, insulin resistance and fatty acids. Diabetologia 45 (2002) 623-634
25. Grundy S. Metabolic syndrome: A multiplex cardiovascular risk factor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92 (2007) 399-404
26. Lorenzo C., Williams K., Hunt K., and Haffner S. The National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III, International Diabetes Federation, and World Health Organization definitions of the metabolic syndrome as predictors of incident cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Diabetes Care 30 (2007) 8-13
27. Eckel R., Kahn R., Robertson R., and Rizza R. Preventing cardiovascular disease and diabetes: A call to action from the American Diabetes Association and the American Heart Association. Circulation 113 (2006) 2943-2946
28. Liu J., Grundy S., Wang W., et al. Ten-year risk of cardiovascular incidence related to diabetes, prediabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Am Heart J 153 (2007) 552-558
29. Després J., Lemieux I., and Prud'homme D. Treatment of obesity: Need to focus on high risk abdominally obese patients. BMJ 322 (2001) 716-720
30. Spearman J. Obesity: The integrated roles of environment and genetics. J Nutr 134 Suppl (2002) 2090S-2105S
31. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Obesity Education Initiative. The Practical Guide: Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults
32. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/practgde.htm Accessed May 18, 2007
33. Donahue M., Fuster V., and Califf R. Results of Expert Meetings: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease. Introduction: Cardiologists should target obesity. Am Heart J 142 (2001) 1088-1090
34. Foster G. The behavioral approach to treating obesity. Am Heart J 151 (2006) 625-627
35. Korner J., and Leibel R. To eat or not to eat-how the gut talks to the brain. N Engl J Med 349 (2003) 926-928
36. Lowe M. Self-regulation of energy intake in the prevention and treatment of obesity: Is it feasible?. Obes Res 11 Suppl (2003) 44S-59S
37. Li Z., Maglione M., Tu W., et al. Meta-analysis: Pharmacologic treatment of obesity. Ann Intern Med 142 (2005) 532-546
38. Alli™ Web site
39. http://www.myalli.com Accessed June 12, 2007
40. Korner J., and Aronne L. Pharmacological approaches to weight reduction: Therapeutic targets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 2616-2621
41. Wadden T., Berkowitz R., Womble L., et al. Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity. N Engl J Med 353 (2005) 2111-2120
42. Hofbauer K., Nicholson J., and Boss O. The obesity epidemic: Current and future pharmacological treatments. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 47 (2007) 565-592
43. Kyrou J., Valsamakis G., and Tsigos C. The endocannabinoid system as a target for the treatment of visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1083 (2006) 270-305
44. Engeli S., Bohnke J., Feldpausch M., et al. Activation of the peripheral endocannabinoid system in human obesity. Diabetes 54 (2005) 2838-2843
45. Henness S., Robinson D., and Lyseng-Williamson K. Rimonabant. Drugs 66 (2006) 2109-2119
46. Mackie K. Cannabinoid receptors as therapeutic targets. Annu Rev Pharmocol Toxicol 46 (2006) 101-122
47. Pi-Sunyer F., Aronne L., Heshmati H., et al., for the RIO-North America Study Group. Effect of rimonabant, a cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker, on weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese patients: RIO-North America: A randomized controlled trial [published correction appears in JAMA. 2006;295:1252]. JAMA 295 (2006) 761-775
48. Van Gaal L., Rissanen A., Scheen A., et al., for the RIO-Europe Study Group. Effects of the cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker rimonabant on weight reduction and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight patients: 1-Year experience from the RIO-Europe Study [published correction appears in Lancet. 2005;366:370]. Lancet 365 (2005) 1389-1397
49. Després J., Golay A., Sjöström L., and for the Rimonabant in Obesity-Lipids Study Group. Effects of rimonabant on metabolic risk factors in overweight patients with dyslipidemia. N Engl J Med 353 (2005) 2121-2134
50. Scheen A., Finer N., Hollander P., et al., for the RIO-Diabetes Study Group. Efficacy and tolerability of rimonabant in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled study [published correction appears in Lancet. 2006;368:1650]. Lancet 368 (2006) 1660-1672
51. Nainggolan L. SERENADE (Study Evaluating Rimonabant Efficacy in Drug-Naive Diabetic Patients) confirms efficacy of rimonabant in diabetes
52. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/548932 Accessed April 30, 2007