Responsibility and brand advertising in the alcoholic beverage market: The modeling of normative drinking behavior

Journal of Advertising

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 127-141

  Ringold, Debra Jones ^a  

^a WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 42349115098     PISSN: 00913367     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2753/JOA0091-3367370110     Document Type: Article

References (110)

1. Adamy, Janet, and Richard Gibson (2006), "Flak Over 'Fast Food Nation,'" Wall Street Journal (May 18), B1, B4.
2. Agostinelli, Gina, and Joel W. Grube (2002), "Alcohol Counter-Advertising and the Media: A Review of Recent Research," Alcohol Research and Health, 26(1), 15-21.
3. Andreasen, Alan R., and Philip Kotler (2003), Strategic Marketing for Nonprofit Organizations, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
4. Atkin, Charles K. (1990), "Effects of Televised Alcohol Messages on Teenage Drinking Patterns," Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 11, 10-24.
5. _ (1995), "Survey and Experimental Research on Effects of Alcohol Advertising," in The Effects of the Mass Media on the Use and Abuse of Alcohol, Susan E. Martin, ed., Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), 39-68.
6. _, and Martin Block (1981), Content and Effects of Alcohol Advertising, NTIS PB82 123142, Washington, DC: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms.
7. _, William DeJong, and Lawrence Wallack (1992), The Influence of Responsible Drinking TV Spots and Automobile Commercials on Young Drivers, Washington, DC: AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.
8. Austin, Erica Weintraub, and Stacey J. T. Hust (2005), "Targeting Adolescents? The Content and Frequency of Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Beverage Ads in Magazines and Video Formats November 1999-April 2000," Journal of Health Communications, 10, 769-785.
9. Bailey, Ainsworth Anthony (2006), "A Year in the Life of the African-American Male in Advertising: A Content Analysis," Journal of Advertising, 35 (1), 83-104.
10. Bandura, Albert (1986), Social Foundations of Thought and Action, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
11. Batra, Rajeev, John G. Myers, and David A. Aaker (1996), Advertising Management, 5th ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
12. Bauman, Karl E., and Elizabeth S. Bryan (1980), "Subjective Expected Utility and Children's Drinking," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 41 (9), 952-958.
13. Blane, Howard T., and Linda E. Hewitt (1980), "Alcohol, Public Education, and Mass Media: An Overview," Alcohol Health and Research World, 5 (1), 2-16.
14. Blazing, Jennifer (1998), "How Perceptions About the Purity of Sponsor Motives Affect the Persuasiveness of Socially-Oriented Communications," Ph.D. diss., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
15. _, and Paul N. Bloom (1997), "How Perceptions About the Purity of Sponsor Motives Affect the Persuasiveness of Socially-Oriented Communications," presentation at the annual Marketing and Public Policy Conference, Boston, May.
16. _, and _ (1999), "How Perceptions About the Purity of Sponsor Motives Affect the Persuasiveness of Socially-Oriented Communications," working paper, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
17. Block, Martin (1992), Remarks of Dr. Martin P. Block on S.664, Consumer Subcommittee of the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, Washington, DC: U.S. Senate, 1-17.
18. Brown, Jane D., and Elizabeth M. Witherspoon (2002), "The Mass Media and American Adolescents' Health," Journal of Adolescent Health, 31 (6S), 153-170.
19. Calfee, John E., and Carl Scheraga (1994), "The Influence of Advertising on Alcohol Consumption: An Econometric Analysis of Selected European Nations," International Journal of Advertising, 13 (4), 287-310.
20. Carr-Gregg, Michael, and John Scott (1993), "Health Messages on Alcohol Advertising: A Positive or a Counterproductive Measure?" New Zealand Medical Journal, 106 (April 28), 163-164.
21. Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth (2005), "Alcohol Industry 'Responsibility' Advertising on Television, 2001 to 2003" (July 20), Washington, DC: Georgetown University, 1-10.
22. Cherrington, Jane, Kerry Chamberlain, and Joe Grixti (2006), "Relocating Alcohol Advertising Research: Examining Socially Mediated Relationships with Alcohol," Journal of Health Psychology, 11 (2), 209-222.
23. Collins, R. Lorraine, and G. Allan Marlatt (1981), "Social Modeling as a Determinant of Drinking Behavior: Implications for Prevention and Treatment," Addictive Behaviors, 6, 233-239.
24. Conlon, Peggy (2005), "Delivering Critical Messages to the American Public - Raising Awareness, Inspiring Action and Saving Lives - The Advertising Council," plenary address, the annual American Marketing Association Nonprofit Marketing Conference, Washington, DC, July.
25. Cui, Geng (2000), "Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages in African-American and Women's Magazines: Implications for Health Communication," Howard Journal of Communications, 11 (4), 279-293.
26. DeJong, William, and Charles K. Atkin (1995), "A Review of National Television PSA Campaigns for Preventing Alcohol-Impaired Driving, 1987-1992," Journal of Public Health Policy, 16 (1), 59-80.
27. _, and Ralph Hingson (1998), "Strategies to Reduce Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol," Annual Review of Public Health, 19, 359-378.
28. _, and Lawrence Wallack (1992), "The Role of Designated Driver Programs in the Prevention of Alcohol-Impaired Driving: A Critical Reassessment," Health Education Quarterly, 19 (4), 429-442.
29. _, and Jay A. Winsten (1990), "The Use of Mass Media in Substance Abuse Prevention," Health Affairs, 9 (2), 30-46.
30. _, Charles K. Atkin, and Lawrence Wallack (1992), "A Critical Analysis of 'Moderation' Advertising Sponsored by the Beer Industry: Are 'Responsible Drinking' Commercials Done Responsibly?" Milbank Quarterly, 70 (4), 661-678.
31. Dorfman, Lori (2003), "Studying the News on Public Health: How Content Analysis Supports Media Advocacy," American Journal of Health Behavior, 27 (Supplement 3), s217-s226.
32. _, and Lawrence Wallack (1993), "Advertising Health: The Case for Counter-Ads," Public Health Reports, 108 (6), 716-726.
33. Federal Register (2005), Department of the Treasury, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, "Labeling and Advertising of Wines, Distilled Spirits and Malt Beverages; Request for Public Comment," 70, no. 82 (April 29), 22274-22283.
34. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (1985), Recommendations of the Staff of the FTC Re: Omnibus Petition for Regulation of Unfair and Deceptive Alcohol Beverage Advertising and Marketing Practices, Docket 209-46 (March), Washington, DC: Bureau of Economics/Bureau of Consumer Protection.
35. _ (1990), Statement of the FTC on H.R. 4493: The Sensible Advertising and Family Education Act of 1991, House Subcommittee on Transportation and Hazardous Materials, House Energy and Commerce Committee (July 18).
36. _ (1999), Self-Regulation in the Alcohol Industry, A Report to Congress (September), Washington, DC.
37. _ (2003), Alcohol Marketing and Advertising: A Report to Congress (September), Washington, DC.
38. _ (2006), Perspectives on Marketing, Self-Regulation, and Childhood Obesity: A Report on a Joint Workshop of the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Health and Human Services (April), Washington, DC.
39. Feldwick, Paul (1999), "The Defensive Role of Advertising," in How to Use Advertising to Build Strong Brands, John Philip Jones, ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 201-209.
40. Finn, T. Andrew, and David E. Strickland (1982), "A Content Analysis of Beverage Alcohol Advertising: II. Television Advertising," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 43 (9), 964-989.
41. Fisher, Joseph C. (1993), Advertising, Alcohol Consumption, and Abuse: A Worldwide Survey, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
42. Gallup Organization (2004), "Alcohol and Drinking," National Adult Personal Polls, 1939-2004, available at http://brain.gallup.com/content (accessed January 1, 2005).
43. Giesbrecht, Norman, Suzanne Johnson, Lise Anglin, Thomas K. Greenfield, and Lynn Kavanagh (2004), "Alcohol Advertising Policies in the United States: National Promotion and Control Initiatives," Contemporary Drug Policies, 31 (Winter), 673-710.
44. Glynn, Robert J., Joseph S. LoCastro, John A. Hermos, and Raymond Bosse (1983), "Social Contexts and Motives for Drinking in Men," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 44 (6), 1011-1025.
45. Goodwin, Donald W., James Johnson, Chauncey Maher, Allan Rappaport, and Samuel B. Guze (1969), "Why People Do Not Drink: A Study of Teetotalers," Comprehensive Psychiatry, 10 (3), 209-214.
46. Goodwin, Leonard (1989), "Explaining Alcohol Consumption and Related Experiences Among Fraternity and Sorority Members," Journal of College Student Development, 30 (September), 448-458.
47. Grube, Joel W. (2004), "Alcohol in the Media: Drinking Portrayals, Alcohol Advertising, and Alcohol Consumption Among Youth," in Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility, Richard J. Bonnie and Mary Ellen O'Connell, eds., Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 597-624.
48. Haskins, Jack B. (1985), "The Role of Mass Media in Alcohol and Highway Safety Campaigns," Journal of Studies on Alcohol (Supplement 10), 184-191.
49. Hauge, Ragnar, and Olav Irgens-Jensen (1990), "The Experiencing of Positive Consequences of Drinking in Four Scandinavian Countries," British Journal of Addiction, 85 (5), 645-653.
50. Hawkins, Paula (1985), Congressional Record (May 20), vol. 131, pt. 9, 12669-12670.
51. Heath, Dwight B. (1989), "The New Temperance Movement: Through the Looking Glass," Drugs and Society, 3 (3/4), 143-168.
52. Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences (1992), "Prevention and Treatment of Alcohol-Related Problems: Research Opportunities," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 53 (1), 5-16.
53. _ (2004), Reducing Underage Drinking: A Collective Responsibility, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
54. Johnson, Elaine M., Sharon Amatetti, Judith E. Funkhouser, and Sandie Johnson (1988), "Theories and Models Supporting Prevention Approaches to Alcohol Problems Among Youth," Public Health Reports, 103 (6), 578-586.
55. Johnson, Richard C., Sylvia Y. Schwitters, James R. Wilson, Craig T. Nagoshi, and Gerald E. McClearn (1985), "A Cross-Ethnic Comparison of Reasons Given for Using Alcohol or Ceasing to Use Alcohol," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 46 (4), 283-288.
56. Johnston, Lloyd D., Patrick M. O'Malley, Jerald G. Bachman, and John E. Schulenberg (2005), Monitoring the Future, National Results on Adolescent Drug Use: Overview of Key Findings 2004, NIH (National Institutes of Health) Publication No. 05-5726, Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
57. Jones, John Philip (1989), Does It Pay to Advertise? Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.
58. Kelly, Kathleen J., Michael D. Slater, David Karan, and Liza Hunn (2000), "The Use of Human Models and Cartoon Characters in Magazine Advertisements for Cigarettes, Beer, and Nonalcoholic Beverages," Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 19 (2), 189-200.
59. Kilbourne, Jean (1991), "Brewers Should Stop Targeting Youth," USA Today (March 8), 6A.
60. Kotler, Philip (2003), Marketing Management, 11th ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
61. _, and Kevin Lane Keller (2006), Marketing Management, 12th ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
62. Lantos, Geoffrey P. (1987), "Advertising: Looking Glass or Molder of Masses?" Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 6, 104-128.
63. Lastovicka, John L. (1988), "Speculations on the Social Psychology of Young Male Drinking-Driving," Alcohol, Drugs and Driving, 4 (3/4), 225-232.
64. _, John P. Murry, Jr., and Erich A. Joachimsthaler (1990), "Evaluating the Measurement Validity of Lifestyle Typologies with Qualitative Measures and Multiplicative Factoring, "Journal of Marketing Research, 27 (February), 11-23.
65. _, _, _, Gaurav Bhalla, and Jim Scheurich (1987), "A Lifestyle Typology to Model Young Male Drinking and Driving," Journal of Consumer Research, 14 (September), 257-263.
66. Lavack, Anne M. (1999), "Message Content of Alcohol Moderation TV Commercials: Impact of Corporate Versus Nonprofit Sponsorship," Health Marketing Quarterly, 16 (4), 15-31.
67. Lefebvre, R. Craig, and June A. Flora (1988), "Social Marketing and Public Health Intervention," Health Education Quarterly, 15 (3), 299-315.
68. Leventhal, Howard (1964), "An Analysis of the Influence of Alcoholic Beverage Advertising on Drinking Customs," in Alcohol Education for Classroom and Community, Raymond Gerald McCarthy, ed., New York: McGraw-Hill, 267-297.
69. Lowe, Dennis W., Ronald W. Fagan, Nancy M. Fagan, and John Free (1992), "The University's Response to Students' Use of Alcohol: A Formative Evaluation Approach," Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, 37 (2), 33-43.
70. Maibach, Edward W., Michael L. Rothschild, and William D. Novelli (2002), "Social Marketing," in Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice, Karen Glanz, Barbara K. Rimer, and Frances Marcus Lewis, eds., San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 437-462.
71. Martino, Steven C., Rebecca L. Collins, Phyllis L. Ellickson, Terry L. Schell, and Daniel McCaffrey (2006), "Socio-environmental Influences on Adolescents' Alcohol Outcome Expectancies: A Prospective Analysis," Addiction, 101 (7), 971-983.
72. Mosher, James F. (2001), "Partner or Foe? The Alcohol Industry, Youth Alcohol Problems, and Alcohol Policy Strategies," Policy Briefing Paper, Chicago: American Medical Association, 1-15.
73. Murry, John P., John L. Lastovicka, and Gaurav Bhalla (1989), "Demographic and Lifestyle Selection Error in Mall-Intercept Data," Journal of Advertising Research, 29 (1), 46-52.
74. _, Antoine Stam, and John L. Lastovicka (1993), "Evaluating an Anti-Drinking and Driving Advertising Campaign with a Sample Survey and Times Series Intervention Analysis," Journal of the American Statistical Association, 88 (March), 50-56.
75. _, _, and _ (1994), "Rejoinder to MacKinnon," Journal of the American Statistical Association, 89 (June), 724-725.
76. _, _, and _ (1996), "Paid Versus Donated Media Strategies for Public Service Announcement Campaigns," Public Opinion Quarterly, 60 (1), 1-29.
77. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (2005a), Traffic Safety Facts 2003: Young Drivers, DOT HS 809 774, Washington, DC: National Center for Statistics and Analysis, 1-5.
78. _ (2005b), Traffic Safety Facts 2003: Alcohol, DOT HS 809 761, Washington, DC: National Center for Statistics and Analysis, 1-8.
79. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) (1971), Alcohol and Health: First Special Report to the U.S. Congress, DHEW Publication No. HSM 73-9031, Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
80. _ (2006), Per Capita Ethanol Consumption for States, Census Regions, and the United States, 1970-2003, available at www.niaaa.nih.gov/Resources/ DatabaseResources/QuickFacts/AlcoholSales/consum03.htm (accessed March 15, 2006).
81. Nelson, Jon P. (2001), "Alcohol Advertising and Advertising Bans: A Survey of Research Methods, Results, and Policy Implications," in Advances in Applied Microeconomics, vol. 10, Advertising and Differentiated Products, M. R. Baye and J. P. Nelson, eds., Amsterdam: JAI & Elsevier Science, 239-295.
82. Ognianova, Ekaterina, and Esther Thorson (1996), "Effects of Drunk Driving PSAs and Beer Moderation Ads on Safe Driving Behavior," paper submitted to the annual conference of the American Academy of Advertising, St. Louis, MO, October.
83. _, and _ (1997a), "Associations Between Drunk Driving PSAs, Alcohol Moderation Ads and Safe Driving Behavior," in The Proceedings of the 1997 Conference of the American Academy of Advertising, M. Carole Macklin, ed., Cincinnati: University of Cincinnati, 8-19.
84. _, and _ (1997b), "A Comparison of the Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Awareness of Alcohol PSAs, Moderation Ads and Public Safety Programs on Driving Behaviors and Policy Attitudes," paper presented at the annual conference of the International Communication Association, Health Division, Montreal, May.
85. _, and _ (1998), "Comparing the Associations Between Mediated Experience, Direct Experience, Alcohol Consumption and Consumers' Driving Behaviors and Policy Attitudes," paper presented at the winter conference of the Society for Consumer Psychology, Austin, TX.
86. Pechmann, Cornelia, and Ellen Thomas Reibling (2006), "Antismoking Advertisements for Youth: An Independent Evaluation of Health, Counter-Industry, and Industry Approaches," American Journal of Public Health, 96 (5), 906-913.
87. _, Guangzhi Zhao, Marvin E. Goldberg, and Ellen Thomas Reibling (2003), "What to Convey in Antismoking Advertisements for Adolescents: The Use of Protection Motivation Theory to Identify Effective Message Themes," Journal of Marketing, 61 (2), 1-18.
88. Percy, Larry, and Richard Elliott (2005), Strategic Advertising Management, New York: Oxford University Press.
89. Quigley, Brian M., and R. Lorraine Collins (1999), "The Modeling of Alcohol Consumption: A Meta-Analytic Review,"Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 60 (1), 90-98.
90. Saad, Lydia (2005), "Fewer Young Adults Drinking to Excess," Gallup News Service (July 22), Princeton: Gallup Organization.
91. Saltz, Robert, and Donna Elandt (1986), "College Student Drinking Studies 1976-1985," Contemporary Drug Problems, 13 (1), 117-159.
92. Schudson, Michael (1984), Advertising, The Uneasy Persuasion: Its Dubious Impact on American Society, New York: Basic Books.
93. Smart, Reginald G. (1988), "Does Alcohol Advertising Affect Overall Consumption? A Review of Empirical Studies," Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 49 (4), 314-323.
94. Smith, Sandi W., Charles K. Atkin, and JoAnn Roznowski (2006), "Are 'Drink Responsibly' Alcohol Campaigns Strategically Ambiguous?" Health Communication, 20 (1), 1-11.
95. Snyder, Leslie B., Frances Fleming Milici, Michael Slater, Helen Sun, and Yuliya Strizhakova (2006), "Effects of Alcohol Advertising Exposure on Drinking Among Youth," Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 160 (January), 18-24.
96. Strickland, Donald E. (1983), "Advertising Exposure, Alcohol Consumption, and Misuse of Alcohol," in Economics and Alcohol: Consumption and Controls, Alan Williams, Martin Plant, and Marcus Grant, eds., London: Croom Helm, 201-222.
97. _, and David J. Pittman (1984), "Social Learning and Teenage Alcohol Use: Interpersonal and Observational Influences Within the Sociocultural Environment," Journal of Drug Issues, 14(1), 137-150.
98. _, T. Andrew Finn, and M. Dow Lambert (1982), "A Content Analysis of Beverage Alcohol Advertising: I. Magazine Advertising, "Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 43 (7), 655-682.
99. Sulkunen, Pekka, and Katarina Warpenius (2000), "Reforming the Self and the Other: The Temperance Movement and the Duality of Modern Subjectivity," Critical Public Health, 10 (4), 423-438.
100. Szykman, Lisa R., Paul N. Bloom, and Jennifer Blazing (2004), "Does Corporate Sponsorship of a Socially-Oriented Message Make a Difference? An Investigation of the Effects of Sponsorship Identity on Responses to an Anti-Drinking and Driving Message," Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14 (1/2), 13-20.
101. Tremblay, Victor J., and Carol Horton Tremblay (2005), The U.S. Brewing Industry: Data and Economic Analysis, Cambridge: MIT Press.
102. Vingilis, Evelyn, and Barbara Coultes (1990), "Mass Communications and Drinking-Driving: Theories, Practices and Results," Alcohol, Drugs and Driving, 6 (2), 61-81.
103. Wallack, Lawrence (1980), "Assessing Effects of Mass Media Campaigns: An Alternative Perspective," Alcohol Health and Research World, 5 (1), 17-29.
104. _ (1990), "Two Approaches to Health Promotion in the Mass Media," World Health Forum, 11 (2), 143-154.
105. _ (1992), "Warning: The Alcohol Industry Is Not Your Friend?" British Journal of Addiction, 87, 1109-1111.
106. Whitehead, Paul C. (1979), "Public Policy and Alcohol Related Damage: Media Campaigns or Social Controls," Addictive Behaviors, 4, 83-89.
107. Wilde, Gerald J. S. (1993), "Effects of Mass Media Communications on Health and Safety Habits: An Overview of Issues and Evidence," Addiction, 88, 983-996.
108. Wood, Mark D., Craig T. Nagoshi, and David A. Dennis (1992), "Alcohol Norms and Expectations as Predictors of Alcohol Use and Problems in a College Student Sample," American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 18 (4), 461-476.
109. Wyant, Heather Layne (1992), "How Cigarette and Alcoholic Beverage Advertisements Portray Modern Life: A Content Analysis of the Visual Imagery Found in Consumer Magazine Advertisements," master's thesis, University of Georgia.
110. Zwarun, Lara, and Kirstie M. Farrar (2006), "Doing What They Say, Saying What They Mean: Self-Regulatory Compliance and Depictions of Drinking in Alcohol Commercials in Televised Sports," Mass Communication and Society, 8 (4), 347-371.