Experimental models of abdominal aortic aneurysms: An overview

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 325-337

  Paraskevas, Kosmas I ^a   Mikhailidis, Dimitri P ^a   Perrea, Despina ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Greece)

Author keywords

Abdominal aortic aneurysms; Animal models; Endovascular; Experimental

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BATIMASTAT; CELECOXIB; CURCUMIN; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; DOXYCYCLINE; ELASTASE; GELATINASE B; INDOMETACIN; MARIMASTAT; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; PLACEBO; POLY(ACRYLATE METHACRYLATE); POLYMER; PROPRANOLOL; PYRROLIDINE DITHIOCARBAMATE; RAPAMYCIN; ROFECOXIB; SIMVASTATIN; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE 1;

ABDOMINAL AORTA ANEURYSM; ADVENTITIA; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTIFICIAL EMBOLISM; BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS; CHEMOEMBOLIZATION; COPPER METABOLISM; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE MODEL; ENDOLEAK; ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STENT; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; THROMBOSIS; VEIN GRAFT; ANIMAL; BLOOD VESSEL TRANSPLANTATION; METHODOLOGY; MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY;

ANIMALS; AORTIC ANEURYSM, ABDOMINAL; BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; STENTS; SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MINIMALLY INVASIVE;

EID: 42049091282     PISSN: 13816128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138161208783497697     Document Type: Review

References (226)

1. Cowan JA Jr, Dimick JB, Henke PK, Rectenwald J, Stanley JC, Upchurch GR Jr. Epidemiology of aortic aneurysm repair in the United States from 1993 to 2003. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1085: 1-10.
2. Lindholt JS, Juul S, Henneberg EW. High-risk and low-risk screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm both reduce aneurysm-related mortality. A stratified analysis from a single-centre randomised screening trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 34: 250-8.
3. Kim LG, Scott RA, Ashton HA, Thompson SG; Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study Group. A sustained mortality benefit from screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 699-706.
4. Holt PJ, Poloniecki JD, Loftus IM, Michaels JA, Thompson MM. Epidemiological study of the relationship between volume and outcome after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery in the UK from 2000 to 2005. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 441-8.
5. Lindholt JS, Henneberg EW, Hasting H, Juul. S. Mass or high-risk screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Br J Surg 1997; 84: 40-2.
6. Ashton HA, Buxton MJ, Day NE, Kim LG, Marteau TM, Scott RA, et alf; Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study Group. The Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study (MASS) into the effect of abdominal aortic aneurysm screening on mortality in men: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 1531-9.
7. Bengtsson H, Bergqvist D. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a population-based study. J Vasc Surg 1993; 18: 74-80.
8. Dueck AD, Johnston KW, Alter D, Laupacis A, Kucey DS. Predictors of repair and effect of gender on treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2004; 39: 784-7.
9. Hoyert DL, Heron MP, Murphy SL, Kung HC. Deaths: final data for 2003. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2006; 54: 1-120.
10. Ponseti IV, Baird WA. Scoliosis and dissecting aneurysm of the aorta in rats fed with Lathyrus odoratus seeds. Am J Pathol 1952; 28: 1059-77
11. Geiger BJ, Steenbock H, Parsons HT. Lathyrism in the rat. J Nutr 1933; 6: 427-42.
12. Bachhuber TE, Lalich JJ, Angevine DM, Schilling ED, Strong FM. Lathyrus factor activity of beta-aminopropionitrile and related compounds. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1955; 89: 294-7.
13. Bachhuber TE, Lahch JJ. Effect of sweet pea meal on the rat aorta. AMA Arch Pathol 1955; 59: 247-53.
14. Lalich JJ. Production of aortic rupture in rats fed purified diets and beta-aminopropionitrile. AMA Arch Pathol 1956; 61: 520-4.
15. McCune WS, Samadi A, Blades B. Experimental aneurysms. Ann Surg 1953; 138: 216-8.
16. Allen P. The feasibility of autogenous vein grafts in the replacement of aortic aneurysms: a feasibility study. Can Med Assoc J 1957; 76: 922-6.
17. Johnson J, Kirby CK. The experimental and clinical use of vein grafts to replace defects of large arteries. Surgery 1949; 26: 945-56.
18. Sako Y. Prevention of dilatation in autogenous venous and pericardial grafts in the thoracic aorta; an experimental study. Surgery 1951; 30: 148-60.
19. Economou SG, Taylor CB, Beattie EJ Jr, Davis CB Jr. Persistent experimental aortic aneurysms in dogs. Surgery 1960; 47: 21-8.
20. Gresham GA, Howard AN. Aortic rupture in the turkey. J Atheroscler Rep 1961; 1: 75-80.
21. Ball RA, Sautter JH, Pomeroy BS, Waibel PE. Natural and experimental dissecting aneurysms in turkeys. J Pathol Bacteriol 1965; 89: 599-606.
22. Middleton CC. Naturally occurring atherosclerosis in turkeys. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1969; 130: 638-42.
23. Lalich JJ, Barnett BD, Bird HR. Production of aortic rupture in turkey poults fed beta-aminopropionitrile. AMA Arch Pathol 1957; 64: 643-8.
24. Barnett BD, Bird HR, Lalich JJ, Strong FM. Toxicity of beta-amino-propionitrile for turkey poults. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1957; 94: 67-70.
25. Simpson CF, Kling JM, Robbins RC, Harms RH. Beta-aminopropionitrile-induced aortic raptures in turkeys: inhibition by reserpine and enhancement by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1968; 12: 48-59.
26. Beall CW, Simpson CF, Pritchard RW, Harms RH. Aortic rupture in turkeys induced by diethylstilbestrol. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1963; 113: 442-3.
27. Simpson CF, Harms RH. Aortic ruptures in turkey induced by diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol diacetate. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1966: 123: 604-6.
28. Simpson CF, Harms RH. Potentiation of diethylstilbestrol induced aortic ruptures of turkeys with thiouracil. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1967; 125: 245-8.
29. Simpson CF, Taylor WJ. Effect of hydralazine on aortic rupture induced by B-aminopropionitrile in turkeys. Circulation 1982; 65: 704-8.
30. Simpson CF, Kling JM, Palmer RF. The use of propranolol for the protection of turkeys from the development of beta-aminopropionitrile-induced aortic ruptures. Angiology 1968; 19: 414-8.
31. Simpson CF, Kling JM, Palmer RF. Beta-aminopropionitrile-induced dissecting aneurysms of turkeys: treatment with propranolol. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1970; 16: 143-53.
32. Simpson CF. Sotalol for the protection of turkeys from the development of β-aminopropionitrile-induced aortic ruptures. Br J Pharmacol 1972; 45: 385-90.
33. Simpson CF, Neilson JT, Harms RH. Reduction of the incidence of diethylstilbestrol-induced aortic ruptures of turkeys with methimazole. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1971; 20: 412-8.
34. Hunt DM. Primary defect in copper transport underlies mottled mutants in the mouse. Nature 1974; 249: 852-4.
35. Andrews EJ, White WJ, Bullock LP. Spontaneous aortic aneurysms in blotchy mice. Am J Pathol 1975; 78: 199-210.
36. Starcher B, Madaras JA, Fisk D, Perry EF, Hill CH. Abnormal cellular copper metabolism in the blotchy mouse. J Nutr 1978; 108: 1229-33.
37. Maki JM, Rasanen J, Tikkanen H, Sormunen R, Makikallio K, Kivirikko KI, et al. Inactivation of the lysyl oxidase gene Lox leads to aortic aneurysms, cardiovascular dysfunction, and perinatal death in mice. Circulation 2002; 106: 2503-9.
38. Brophy C, Tilson JE, Tilson MD. Propranolol delays the formation of aneurysms in the male blotchy mouse. J Surg Res 1988; 44: 687-9.
39. Brophy CM, Tilson JE, Tilson MD. Propranolol stimulates the crosslinking of matrix components in skin from the aneurysm-prone blotchy mouse. J Surg Res 1989; 46: 330-2.
40. Reilly JM, Savage EB, Brophy CM, Tilson MD. Hydrocortisone rapidly induces aortic rupture in a genetically susceptible mouse. Arch Surg 1990; 125: 707-9.
41. Yokoyama H, Matsuoka R, Bruyere H Jr, Gilbert EF, Uno H. Light- and electron-microscopic observations of theophylline-induced aortic aneurysms in embryonic chicks. Am J Pathol 1983; 112: 258-66.
42. Ishikawa S, Gilbert EF, Bruyere HJ Jr, Cheung MO. Aortic aneurysm associated with cardiac defects in theophylline stimulated chick embryos. Teratology 1978; 18: 23-30.
43. Gilbert EF, Bruyere HJ Jr, Ishikawa S, Cheung MO, Hodach RJ. The effects of methylxanthines on catecholamine-stimulated and normal chick embryos. Teratology 1977; 16: 47-52.
44. Kolb CA, Mansfield JM. Effects of theophylline treatment on mouse B-16 melanoma cells in vitro. Oncology 1980; 343-52.
45. DeWys WD, Bathina SH. Synergistic antileukemic effect of theophylline and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosurea. Cancer Res 1980; 40: 2202-8.
46. Jayaraj AP. Dissecting aneurysm of aorta in rats fed with cysteamine. Br J Exp Pathol 1983; 64: 548-52.
47. Troupp H, Rinne T. Methyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Eastman 910) in experimental vascular surgery with a note on experimental arterial aneurysms. J Neurosurg 1964: 21: 1067-9.
48. Quigley MR, Tuite GF, Cozzens JW. Histology and angiography in bifurcation aneurysm model. Surg Neurol 1988; 30: 445-51.
49. Maynar M, Qian Z, Hernandez J, Sun F, DeViguel C, Crisostomo V, et al. An animal model of abdominal aortic aneurysm created with peritoneal patch: technique and initial results. Cardiovase Intervent Radiol 2003; 26: 168-76.
50. Balko A, Piasecki GJ, Shah DM Carney WI, Hopkins RW, Jackson BT. Transfemoral placement of intraluminal polyurethane prosthesis for abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Surg Res 1986; 40: 305-9.
51. Verbin C, Donayre C, Kopchok G, Scoccianti M, White RA. Anterior patch aortic aneurysm model for the study of endoluminal grafts. J Invest Surg 1995; 8: 381-8.
52. Palmaz JC, Tio FO, Laborde JC, Clem M, Rivera FJ, Murphy KD, et al. Use of stents covered with polytetrafluoroethylene in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1995; 6: 879-85.
53. Eton D, Warner D, Owens C, McClenic B, Cave R, Ofek B, et al. Results of endoluminal grafting in an experimental aortic aneurysm model. J Vasc Surg 1996; 23: 819-29.
54. Criado E, Marston WA, Woosley JT, Ligush J, Chuter TA, Baird C, et al. An aortic aneurysm model for the evaluation of endovascular exclusion prostheses. J Vasc Surg 1995; 22: 306-14.
55. Marston WA, Criado E, Baird CA, Keagy BA. Reduction of aneurysm pressure and wall stress after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a canine model. Ann Vasc Surg 1996; 10: 166-73.
56. Dobrin PB. Animal models of aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 1999; 13: 641-8.
57. Senior RM, Griffin GL, Fliszar CJ, Shapiro SD, Goldberg GI, Welgus HG. Human 92- and 72-kilodalton type IV collagenases are elastases. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 7870-5.
58. Murphy G, Cockett MI, Ward RV, Docherty AJ. Matrix metalloproteinase degradation of elastin, type IV collagen and proteoglycan. A quantitative comparison of the activities of 95kDa and 72 kDa gelatinases, stromelysins-1 and -2 and punctuated metalloproteinase (PUMP.). Biochem J 1990; 277: 277-9.
59. Shapiro SD, Kobayashi DK, Ley TJ. Cloning and characterization of a unique clastolytic metalloproteinase produced by human alveolar macrophages. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 23824-9.
60. Patel MI, Melrose J, Ghosh P, Appleberg M. Increased synthesis of matrix metalloproteinases by aortic smooth muscle cells is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 1996; 24: 82-92.
61. Allaire E, Forough R, Clowes M, Starcher B, Clowes AW. Local overexpression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model. J Clin Invest 1998; 102: 1413-20.
62. Eskandari MK, Vijungco JD, Flores A, Borensztajn J, Shively V, Pearce WH. Enhanced abdominal aortic aneurysm in TIMP-1 deficient mice. J Surg Res 2005; 123: 289-93.
63. Rouis M, Adamy C, Duverger N, Lesnik P, Horellou P; Moreau M, et al. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 reduces atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation 1999; 100: 533-40.
64. Pyo R, Lee JK, Shipley JM, Curci JA, Mao D, Ziporin SJ, et al. Targeted gene disruption of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (gelatinase B) suppresses development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Clin Invest 2000; 105: 1641-9.
65. Silence J, Collen D, Lijnen HR. Reduced atherosclerotic plaque but enhanced aneurysm formation in mice with inactivation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) gene. Circ Res 2002; 90: 897-903.
66. Silence J, Lupu F, Cullen D, Lijnen HR. Persistence of atherosclerotic plaque but reduced aneurysm formation in mice with stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) gene inactivation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21: 1440-5.
67. Liapis CD, Paraskevas KI. The pivotal role of matrix metalloproteinases in the development of human abdominal aortic aneurysms. Vasc Med 2003; 8: 267-71.
68. Fukamizu A, Sugimura K, Takimoto F, Sugiyama F, Seo MS, Takahashi S, et al. Chimeric renin-angiotensin system demonstrates sustained increase in blood pressure of transgenic mice carrying both human renin and human angiotensinogen genes. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 11617-21.
69. Nishijo N, Sugiyama F, Kimoto K, Taniguchi K, Murakami K, Suzuki S, et al. Salt-sensitive aortic aneurysm and rupture in hypertensive transgenic mice that overproduce angiotensin II. Lab Invest 1998; 78: 1059-66.
70. Daugherty A, Manning MW, Cassis LA. Angiotensin II promotes atherosclerotic lesions and aneurysms in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 2000; 105: 1605-12.
71. Wang YX, Martin-McNulty B, Freay AD, Sukovich DA, Halks-Miller M, Li WW, et al. Angiotensin-II increases urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression and induces aneurysm in the abdominal aorta of apolipoprotein-E deficient mice. Am J Pathol 2001; 159: 1455-64.
72. Deng GG, Martin-McNulty B, Sukovich DA, Freay A, Halks-Miller M, Thinnes T, et al. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator plays a critical role in angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm. Circ Res 2003; 92: 510-7.
73. Manning MW, Cassis LA, Daugherty A. Differential effects of doxycycline, a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, on angiotensin II-induced atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: 483-8.
74. Schneiderman J, Bordin GM, Engelberg I, Adar R, Seiffert D, Thinnes T, et al. Expression of fibrinolytic genes in atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysm wall. A possible mechanism for aneurysm expansion. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 639-45.
75. Carmeliet P, Moons L, Lijnen R, Baes M, Lemaitre V, Tipping P. et al. Urokinase-generated plasmin activates matrix metalloproteinases during aneurysm formation. Nat Gen 1997; 17: 439-44.
76. Gavrila D, Li WG, McGormick ML, Thomas M, Daugherty A, Cassis LA, et al. Vitamin E inhibits abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25: 1671-7.
77. King VL, Trivedi DB, Gitlin JM, Loftin CD. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition with celecoxib decreases angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26: 1137-43.
78. Zhang SH, Reddick RL, Piedrahita JA, Maeda N. Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E. Science 1992; 258: 468-71.
79. Nakashima Y, Plump AS, Raines EW, Breslow JL, Ross R. ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 133-40.
80. Huang PL, Huang Z, Mashimo H, Bloch KD, Moskowitz MA, Bevan JA, et al. Hypertension in mice lacking the gene for endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Nature 1995; 377: 239-42.
81. Shesely EG, Maeda N, Kim HS, Desai KM, Krege JH, Laubach VE, et al. Elevated blood pressures in mice lacking endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 13176-81.
82. Kuhlencordt PJ, Gyurko R, Han F, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Aretz TH, Hajjar R, et al. Accelerated atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm formation, and ischemic heart disease in apolipoprotein E/endothelial nitric oxide synthase double-knockout mice. Circulation 2001; 104: 448-54.
83. Chen J, Kuhlencordt PJ, Astern J, Gyurko R, Huang PL. Hypertension does not account for the accelerated atherosclerosis and development of aneurysms in male apolipoprotein e/endothelial nitric oxide synthase double knockout mice. Circulation 2001: 104: 2391-4.
84. Freestone T, Turner RJ, Higman DJ, Lever MJ, Powell JT. Influence of hypercholesterolemia and adventitial inflammation on the development of aortic aneurysm in rabbits. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 10-7.
85. Chiou AC, Chiu B, Pearce WH. Murine aortic aneurysm produced by periaortic application of calcium chloride. J Surg Res 2001; 99: 371-6.
86. Karapolat S, Unlu Y, Erkut B, Kocak H, Erdogan F. Influence of indomethacin in the rat aneurysm model. Ann Vasc Surg 2006; 20: 369-75.
87. Prall AK, Longo GM, Mayhan WG, Waltke EA, Fleckten B, Thompson RW, et al. Doxycycline in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and in mice: comparison of serum levels and effect on aneurysm growth in mice. J Vasc Surg 2002; 35: 923-9.
88. Isenburg JC, Simionescu DT, Starcher BC, Vyavahare NR. Elastin stabilization for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Circulation 2007; 115: 1729-37.
89. Yoshimura K, Aoki H, Ikeda Y, Fujii K, Akiyama N, Furutani A, et al. Regression of abdominal aortic aneurysm by inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Nat Med 2005; 11: 1330-8.
90. Yoshimura K, Aoki H, Ikeda Y, Furutani A, Hamano K, Matsuzaki M, et al. Regression of abdominal aortic aneurysm by inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1085: 74-81.
91. Manning AM, Davis RJ. Targeting JNK for therapeutic benefit: from junk to gold? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2003; 2: 554-65.
92. Osborne-Pellegrin MJ, Coutard M, Poitevin P, Michel JB, Levy BI. Induction of aneurysms in the rat by a stenosing cotton ligature around the inter-renal aorta. Int J Exp Pathol 1994; 75: 179-90.
93. Parodi JC, Palmaz JC, Barone HD. Transfemoral intraluminal graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 1991; 5: 491-9.
94. Laborde JC, Parodi JC, Clem MF, Tio FO, Barone HD, Rivera FJ, et al. Intraluminal bypass of abdominal aortic aneurysm: feasibility study. Radiology 1992; 184: 185-90.
95. Hagen B, Harnoss BM, Trabhardt S, Ladaburg M, Furhmann H, Franck C. Self-expandable macroporous nitinoi stents for transfemoral exclusion of aortic aneurysms in dogs: preliminary results. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 1993; 16: 339-42
96. Piquet P, Rolland PH, Bartoli JM, Tranier P, Moulin G, Mercier C. Tantalum-Dacron coknit stent for endovascular treatment of aortic aneurysms: a preliminary experimental study. J Vasc Surg 1994; 19: 698-706.
97. Gorin DR, Arbid EJ, D'Agostino R, Yucel EK, Solovay KS, La Morte WW, et al. A new generation endovascular graft for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Am J Surg 1997; 173: 159-64.
98. Soula P, Janne d'Othee B, Otal P. Amin C, Khoury JE, Delisle MB, et al. Macroporous polyester-covered stent in an experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm model. J Endevasc Ther 2001; 8: 390-400.
99. Uson-Gargallo J, Crisostomo V, Loscertales B, Sun F, Sanchez-Margallo FM, Martin-Cancho MF, et al. A new model of abdominal aortic aneurysm with gastric serosa patch: surgical technique and short-term evaluation. J Invest Surg 2006; 19: 97-104.
100. Whitbread T, Birch P, Rogers S, Majeed A, Rochester J, Beard JD, et al. A new animal model for abdominal aortic aneurysms: initial results using a multiple-wire stent. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1996; 11: 90-7.
101. Nabseth DC, Martin DE, Rowe MI, Gotlieb LS, Deterling RA Jr. Enzymatic destruction of aortic elastic tissue and possible relationship to experimental atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1963; 4: 11-7.
102. Anidjar S, Salzmann JL, Gentric D, Lagneau P, Camilleri JP, Michel JB. Elastase-induced experimental aneurysms in rats. Circulation 1990; 82: 973-81.
103. Boudghene F, Anidjar S, Allaire E, Osborne-Pellegrin M, Bigot JM, Michel JB. Endovascular grafting in elastase-induced experimental aortic aneurysms in dogs: feasibility and preliminary results. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1993; 4: 497-504.
104. Halpern VJ, Nackman GB, Gandhi RH, Irizany E, Scholes JV, Ramey WG, et al. The elastase infusion model of experimental aortic aneurysms: synchrony of induction of endogenous proteinases with matrix destruction and inflammatory cell response. J Vasc Surg 1994; 20: 51-60.
105. Anidjar S, Dobrin PB, Eichorst M, Graham GP, Chejfec G. Correlation of inflammatory infiltrate with the enlargement of experimental aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 1992; 16: 139-47.
106. Petrinec D, Liao S, Holmes DR, Reilly JM, Parks WC, Thompson RW. Doxycycline inhibition of aneurysmal degeneration in an elastase-induced rat model of abdominal aortic aneurysm: preservation of aortic elastin associated with suppressed production of 92kD gelatinase. J Vasc Surg 1996; 23: 336-346.
107. Marinov GR, Marois Y, Paris E, Roby P, Formichi M, Douville Y, et al. Can the infusion of elastase in the abdominal aorta of the Yucatan miniature swine consistently produce experimental aneurysms? J Invest Surg 1997; 10: 129-50.
108. Moore G, Liao S, Curci JA, Starcher BC, Martin RL, Hendricks RT, et al Suppression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms by systemic treatment with a hydroxamate-based matrix metalloprotainase inhibitor (RS 132908). J Vasc Surg 1999; 29: 522-32.
109. Gurci JA, Petrinec D, Liao S, Golub LM, Thompson RW. Pharmacologic suppression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms: a comparison of doxycycline and four chemically modified tetracyclines. J Vasc Surg 1998; 28: 1082-93.
110. Thompson RW, Liao S, Curci JA. Therapeutic potentials of tetracycline derivatives to suppress the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Adv Dent Res 1998; 12: 159-65.
111. Bartoli MA, Parodi FE, Chu J, Pagano MB, Mao D, Baxter BT, et al. Localized administration of doxycycline suppresses aortic dilatation in an experimental mouse model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Ann Vasc Surg 2006; 20: 228-36.
112. Gadowski GR, Ricci MA, Hendley ED, Pitcher DB. Hypertension accelerated the growth of experimental aortic aneurysms. J Surg Res 1993; 54: 431-6.
113. Hendley ED, Ohlsson WG. Two new inbred rat strains derived from SHR: WKHA, hyperactive, and WKHT, hypertensive, rats. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: H538-9.
114. Hendley ED, Atwater DG, Myers MM, Whitehorn D. Dissociation of genetic hyperactivity and hypertension in SHR. Hypertension 1983; 5: 211-7.
115. Anidjar S, Osborne-Pellegrin M, Coutard M, Michel JB. Arterial hypertension and aneurysmal dilatation. Kidney Int Suppl 1992; 37: S61-6.
116. Liao S, Miralles M, Kelley BJ, Curci JA, Borhani M, Thompson RW. Suppression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in the rat by treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. J Vasc Surg 2001; 33: 1057-64.
117. Treharne GD, Boyle JR, Goodall S, Loftus IM, Bell PR. Thompson MM. Marimastat inhibits elastin degradation and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in a model of aneurysm disease. Br J Surg 1999; 86: 1053-8.
118. Bigatel DA, Elmore JR, Carey DJ, Cizmeci-Smith G, Franklin DP, Youkey JR. The matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor BB-94 limits expansion of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Sing 1999; 29: 130-8.
119. Holmes DR, Petrinec D, Wester W, Thompson RW, Reilly JM. Indomethacin prevents elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms in the rat. J Surg Res 1996; 63: 305-9.
120. Miralles M, Wester W, Sicard GA, Thompson R, Reilly JM. Indomethacin inhibits expansion of experimental aortic aneurysms via inhibition of the cox2 isoform of cyclooxygenase. J Vasc Surg 1999; 29: 884-92.
121. Armstrong PJ, Franklin DP, Carey DJ, Elmore JR. Suppression of experimental aortic aneurysms: comparison of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Ann Vasc Surg 2005; 19: 248-57.
122. Slaiby JM, Ricci MA, Gadowski GR, Hendley ED; Pilcher DB. Expansion of aortic aneurysms is reduced by propranolol in a hypertensive rat model. J Vasc Surg 1994; 20: 178-83.
123. Gadowski GR, Pilcher DB, Ricci MA. Abdominal aortic aneurysm expansion rate: effect of size and beta-adrenergic blockade. J Vasc Surg 1994; 19: 727-31.
124. Parodi FE, Mao D, Ennis TL, Bartoli MA, Thompson RW. Suppression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice by treatment with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an antioxidant inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Vasc Surg 2005; 41: 479-89.
125. Bond M, Chase AJ, Baker AH, Newby AC. Inhibition of transcription factor NF-kappaB reduces matrix metalloproteinase-1, -3 and -9 production by vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 2001; 50: 556-65.
126. Kim H, Koh G. Lipopolysaccharide activates matrix metalloproteinase-2 in endothelial cells through an NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 269: 401-5.
127. Chase AJ, Bond M, Crook MF, Newby AC. Role of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in metalloproteinase-1, -3 and -9 secretion by human macrophages in vitro and rabbit foam cells produced in vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22: 767-71.
128. Nakashima H, Aoki M, Miyake T, Kawasaki T, Iwai M, Jo N, et al. Inhibition of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm in the rat by use of decoy oligodeoxynucleotides suppressing activity of nuclear factor kappaB and ets transcription factors. Circulation 2004; 109: 132-8.
129. Nakamura Y, Esnault S, Maeda T, Kelly EA, Matter JS, Jarjour NN. Ets-1 regulates TNF-alpha-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tenascin expression in primary bronchial fibroblasts. J Immunol 2004; 172: 1945-52.
130. Watabe T, Yoshida K, Shindoh M, Kaya M, Fujikawa K, Sato H, et al. The Ets-1 and Ets-2 transcription factors activated the promoters for invasion-associated urokinase and collagenase genes in response to epidermal growth factor. Int J Cancer 1998; 77: 128-37.
131. Miyake T, Aoki M, Nakashima H, Kawasaki T, Oishi M, Kataoka K, et al. Prevention of abdominal aortic aneurysms by simultaneous inhibition of NtkappaB and ets using chimeric decoy oligonucleotides in a rabbit model. Gene Ther 2006; 13: 695-704.
132. Miwa K, Nakashima H, Aoki M, Miyake T, Kawasaki T, Iwai M, et al. Inhibition of ets, an essential transcription factor for angiogenesis, to prevent the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a rat model. Gene Ther 2005; 12: 1109-18.
133. Lawrence DM, Singh RS, Franklin DP, Carey DJ, Elmore JR. Rapamycin suppresses experimental aortic aneurysm growth. J Vasc Surg 2004; 40: 334-8.
134. Parodi FE, Mao D, Ennis TL, Pagano MB, Thompson RW. Oral administration of diferuloylmethane (curcumin) suppresses proinflammatory cytokines and destructive connective tissue remodeling in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg 2006; 20: 360-8.
135. Aggarwal BB, Kumar A, Bharti AC. Anticancer potential of curcumin: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res 2003; 23: 363-98.
136. Ramsewak RS, DeWitt DL, Nair MG. Cytotoxicity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of curcumins I-III from Curcuma longa. Phytomedicine 2000; 7: 303-8.
137. Eybl V, Kotyzova D, Bludovska M. The effect of curcumin on cadmium-induced oxidative damage and trace elements level in the liver of rats and mice. Toxicol Lett 2004; 151: 79-85.
138. Perkins S, Verschoyle RD, Hill K, Parveen I, Threadgill MD, Sharma RA, et al. Chemopreventive efficacy and pharmacokinetics of curcumin in the min/+ mouse, a model of familial adenomatous polyposis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002; 11: 535-40.
139. Gaedeke J, Noble NA, Border WA. Curcumin blocks multiple sites of the TGF-beta signaling cascade in renal cells. Kidney Int 2004; 66: 112-20.
140. Kawamori T, Luber R, Steele VE, Kelloff GJ, Kaskey RB, Rao CV, et al. Chemopreventive effect of curcumin, a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent, during the promotion/progression stages of colon cancer. Cancer Res 1999; 59: 597-601
141. Punithavathi D, Venkatesan N, Babu M. Protective effects of curcumin against amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 139: 1342-50.
142. Tsunemi K, Takai S, Nishimoto M, Jin D, Sakaguchi M, Muramatsu M, et al. A specific chymase inhibitor, 2-(5-formylamino-6-oxo-2-phenyl-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-1-yl)-N- 3,4-dioxo-1-phenyl-7-(2-pyridyloxyl)-2-heptyl] acetamide (NK3201), suppresses development of abdominal aortic aneurysm in hamsters. J Pharmacol Ther 2004; 309: 879-83.
143. Suzuki K, Lees M, Newlands GF, Nagase H, Woolley DE. Activation of precursors for matrix metalloproteinases 1 (interstitial collagenases) and 3 (stromelysin) by rat mast-cell proteinases I and II. Biochem J 1995; 305: 301-6.
144. Tchougounova E, Lundequist A, Fajardo I, Winberg JO, Abrink M, Pejler G. A key role for mast cell chymase in the activation of promatrix metalloprotease-9 and pro-matrix metalloprotease-2. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 9291-6.
145. Fang KC, Raymond WW, Blount JL, Caughey GH. Dog mast cell alpha-chymase activates progelatinase B by cleaving the Phe88-Gln89 and Phe91-Glu92 bonds of the catalytic domain. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 25628-35.
146. Takai S, Jin D, Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M. Chymase-dependent angiotensin II formation in human vasculature tissue. Circulation 1999; 100: 654-8.
147. Nishimoto M, Takai S, Fukumoto H, Tsunemi K, Yuda A, Sawada Y, et al. Increased local angiotensin II formation in aneurysmal aorta. Life Sci 2002; 71: 2195-205.
148. Tsunemi K, Takai S, Nishimoto M, Yuda A, Hasegawa S, Sawada Y, et al. Possible roles of angiotensin II-forming enzymes, angiotensin converting enzymes and chymase-like enzyme, in the human aneurysmal aorta. Hypertens Res 2002; 25: 817-22.
149. Boyle JR, Loftus IM, Goodall S, Crowther M, Bell PR, Thompson MM. Amlodipine potentiates metalloproteinase activity and accelerates elastin degradation in a model of aneurysmal disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1998; 16: 408-14.
150. Yokokura H, Hiromatsu S, Akashi H, Kato S, Aoyagi S. Effects of calcium channel blocker azelnidipine on experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. Surg Today 2007; 37: 468-73.
151. Steinmetz EF, Buckley C, Shames ML, Ennis TL, Vanvickle-Chavez SJ, Mao D, et al. Treatment with simvastatin suppresses the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in normal and hypercholesterolemic mice. Ann Surg 2005; 241: 92-101.
152. Kalyanasundaram A, Elmore JR, Manazer JR, Golden A, Franklin DP, Galt SW, et al. Simvastatin suppresses experimental aortic aneurysm expansion. J Vasc Surg 2006; 43: 117-24.
153. Paraskevas KI, Liapis CD, Hamilton G, Mikhailidis DP. Are statins an option in the management of abdominal aortic aneurysms? Vasc Endovascular Surg 2007 (In press).
154. Tsiara S, Elisaf M, Mikhailidis DP. Early vascular benefits of statin therapy. Curr Med Res Opin 2003; 19: 540-56.
155. Paraskevas KI, Liapis CD, Hamilton G, Mikhailidis DP. Can statins reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients under-going non-cardiac vascular surgery? Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 32: 286-93.
156. Alnaeb ME, Youssef F, Mikhailidis DP, Hamilton G. Short-term lipid-lowering treatment with atorvastatin improves renal function but not renal blood flow indices in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Angiology 2006; 57: 65-71.
157. Milionis HJ, Liberopoulos EN, Achimastos A, Elisaf MS, Mikhailidis DP. Statins: another class of antihypertensive agents? J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 320-35.
158. Elisaf M, Mikhailidis DP. Statins and renal function. Angiology 2002; 53: 493-502.
159. Paraskevas KI, Hamilton G, Mikhailidis DP. Statins: an essential component in the management of carotid artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2007; 46: 283-96.
160. Alnaeb ME, Alobaid N, Seifalian AM, Mikhailidis DP, Hamilton G. Statins and peripheral arterial disease: Potential mechanisms and clinical benefits. Ann Vasc Surg 2006; 20: 696-705.
161. Davis M, Atwal AS, Nair DR, Jagroop IA, Seifalian AM, Mikhailidis DP, et al. The effect of short-term lipid lowering with atorvastatin on carotid artery intima media thickness in patients with peripheral vascular disease: a pilot study. Curr Med Res Opin 2000; 16: 198-204.
162. Youssef F, Seifalian AM, Jagroop IA, Myint F, Baker D, Mikhailidis DP, et al. The early effect of lipid-lowering treatment on carotid and femoral intima media thickness (IMT). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2002; 23: 358-64.
163. Powell JT, Brady AR. Detection, management, and prospects for the medical treatment of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24: 241-5.
164. Matsumura JS, Brewster DC, Makaroun MS, Naftel DC. A multi-center controlled clinical trial of open versus endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2003; 37: 262-71.
165. Peterson BG, Matsumura JS, Brewster DC, Makaroun MS. Excluder Bifurcated Endoprosthesis Investigators. Five-year report of a multicenter controlled clinical trial of open versus endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2007; 45: 885-90.
166. Cao P, Verzini F, Parlani G, Romano L, De Rango P, Pagliuca V, et al. Clinical effect of abdominal aortic aneurysm endografting: 7-year concurrent comparison with open repair. J Vasc Surg 2004; 40: 860-6.
167. White GH, Yu W, May J, Chaufour X, Stephen MS. Endoleak as a complication of endoluminal grafting of abdominal aortic aneurysms: classification, incidence, diagnosis, and management. J Endovasc Surg 1997; 4: 152-68.
168. May J, White GH, Waugh R, Stephen MS, Chaufour X, Yu W, et al. Adverse events after endoluminal repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms: a comparison during two successive periods of time. J Vasc Surg 1999; 29: 32-7.
169. Veith FJ, Baum RA, Ohki T, Amor M, Adiseshiah M, Blankensteijn JD, et al. Nature and significance of endoleaks and endotension: summary of opinions expressed at an international conference. J Vasc Surg 2002; 35: 1029-35.
170. Chuter TA, Faruqi RM, Sawhney R, Reilly LM, Kerlan RB, Canto CJ, et
171. van Marrewijk C, Buth J, Harris PL, Norgren L, Nevelsteen A, Wyatt MG. Significance of endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms: The EUROSTAR experience. J Vasc Surg 2002; 35: 461-73.
172. Alric P, Hinchliffe RJ, Wenham PW, Whitaker SC, Chuter TA, Hopkinson BR. Lessons learned from the long-term follow-up of a first-generation aortic stent graft. J Vasc Surg 2003; 2: 367-73.
173. Matsumura JS, Ryu RK, Ouriel K. Identification and implications of transcraft microleaks after endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2001; 34: 190-7.
174. Dale WA. Endovascular suction catheters for thrombectomy and embolectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1962; 44: 557-8.
175. Dotter CT, Judkins MP. Transluminal treatment of arteriosclerotic obstruction. Description of a new technic and a preliminary report of its application. Circulation 1964; 30: 654-70.
176. Dotter CT. Transluminally-placed coilspring endarterial tube grafts. Long-term patency in canine popliteal artery. Invest Radiol 1969; 4: 329-32.
177. Dotter CT, Buschmann RW, McKinney MK, Rosch J. Transluminal expandable nitinol coil stent grafting: preliminary report. Radiology 1983; 147: 259-60.
178. Cragg A, Lund G, Tysavy J, Castaneda F, Castaneda-Zuniga W, Amplatz K. Nonsurgical placement of arterial endoprostheses: a new technique using nitinol wire. Radiology 1983; 147: 261-3.
179. Palmaz JC, Sibbitt RR, Reuter SR, Tio FO, Rice WJ. Expandable intraluminal graft: a preliminary study. Work in progress. Radiology 1985; 156: 73-7.
180. Palmaz JC, Sibbitt RR, Reuter SR, Garcia F, Tio FO. Expandable intrahepatic portacaval shunt stents: early experience in the dog. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985; 145: 821-5.
181. Palmaz JC, Sibbitt RR, Tio FO, Reuter SR, Peters JE, Garcia F. Expandable intraluminal vascular graft: a feasibility study. Surgery 1986; 99: 199-205.
182. Palmaz JC, Windeler SA, Garcia F, Tio FO, Sibbitt RR, Reuter SR. Atherosclerotic rabbit aortas: expandable intraluminal grafting. Radiology 1986; 160: 723-6.
183. Ferko A, Krajina A, Voboril Z, Lesko M, Pipal R, Elias P, et al. Endoluminal grafts in the therapy of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. Experimental results. Rozhl Chir 1995; 74: 61-6.
184. Lawrence DD Jr, Chamsangavej C, Wright KC, Gianturco C, Wallace S. Percutaneous endovascular graft: experimental evaluation. Radiology 1987; 163: 357-60.
185. Mirich D, Wright KC, Wallace S, Yoshioka T, Lawrence DD Jr, Charsangavej C, et al. Percutaneously placed endovascular grafts for aortic aneurysms: feasibility study. Radiology 1989; 170: 1033-7.
186. Jordan WD Jr, Sampson LK, Iyer S, Anderson PG, Lyle K, Brown RJ, et al. Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair via percutaneous endovascular stenting in the swine model. Am Surg 1998; 64: 1070-3.
187. Ruiz CE, Zhang HP, Douglas JT, Zuppan CW, Kean CJ. A novel method for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms using percutaneous implantation of a newly designed endovascular device. Circulation 1995; 91: 2470-7.
188. Ruiz CE, Zhang HP, Butt AI, Whittaker P. Percutaneous treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a swine model: understanding the behavior of aortic aneurysm closure through a serial histopathological analysis. Circulation 1997; 96: 2438-48.
189. Whitberad T, Birch P, Rogers S, Beard JD, Gaines PA. The effect of placing an aortic Wallstent across the renal artery origins in an animal model. Fur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1997; 13: 154-8.
190. Strecker EP, Haberstroh J, Boos I, Metz S, Langer M, Moliner MM. Development of a new intravascular low-profile device for exclusion of aortic aneurysm: an experimental study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2004; 27: 243-50.
191. Raman VK, Karmakar PV, Guttman MA, Dick AJ, Peters DC, Ozturk C, et al. Real-time magnetic resonance-guided endovascular repair of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms in swine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 2069-77.
192. Wain RA, Marin ML, Ohki T, Sanchez LA, Lyon RT, Rozenblit A, et al. Endoleaks after endovascular graft treatment of aortic aneurysms: classification, risk factors, and outcome. J Vasc Surg 1998; 27: 69-78.
193. Politz JK, Newman VS, Stewart MT. Late abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture after AneuRx repair: a report of three cases. J Vasc Surg 2000; 31: 599-606.
194. Zarins CK, White RA, Fogarty TJ. Aneurysm rupture after endovascular repair using the AneuRx stent graft. J Vasc Surg 2000; 31: 960-70.
195. Hinchliffe RJ, Singh-Ranger R, Davidson IR, Hopkinson BR. Rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm secondary to type II endoleak. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2001; 22: 563-5.
196. Liewald F, Ermis C, Gorich J, Halter G, Scharrer-Pamler R, Sunder-Plassmann L. Influence of treatment of type II leaks on the aneurysm surface area. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2001; 21: 339-43.
197. Pavenik D, Andrews RT, Yin Q, Uchida BT, Timmermans HA, Corless C, et al. A canine model for studying endoleak after endovascular aneurysm repair. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 14: 1303-10.
198. Rhee JY, Trocciola SM, Dayal R, Lin S, Chaer R, Kumar N, et al. Treatment of type II endoleaks with a novel polyurethane thrombogenic foam: induction of endoleak thrombosis and elimination of intra-aneurysmal pressure in the canine model. J Vasc Surg 2005; 42: 321-8.
199. Mousa A, Dayal R, Bernheim J, Henderson P, Hollenbeck S, Trocciola S, et al. A canine model to study the significance and hemodynamics of type II endoleaks. J Surg Res 2005; 123: 275-83.
200. Lerouge S, Raymond J, Salazkin I, Qin Z, Gaboury L, Cloutier G, et al. Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair with stent-grafts: experimental models can reproduce endoleaks. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2004; 15: 971-9.
201. Nango M, Nakamura K, Sakai Y, Hamuro M, Tanaka S, Isota M, et al. An animal model for type II endoleaks with the use of a tsuzumi drum-shaped stent-graft. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006; 17: 1147-54.
202. Diaz S, Uzieblo MR, Desai KM, Talcott MR, Bae KT, Geraghty PJ, et al. Type II endoleak in porcine model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasn Surg 2004; 40: 339-44.
203. Schoder M, Pavcnik D, Uchida BT, Corless C, Timmermans HA, Yin Q, et al. Small intestinal submucosal aneurysm sac embolization for endoleak prevention after abdominal aortic aneurysm endografting: a pilot study in sheep. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2004; 15: 69-83.
204. Lantz GC, Badylak SF, Hiles MC, Coffey AC, Geddes LA, Kokini K, et al. Small intestinal submucosal as a vascular graft: a review. J Invest Surg 1993; 6: 297-310.
205. Hiles MC, Badylak SF, Lantz GC, Kokini K, Geddes LA, Morff RJ. Mechanical properties of xenogeneic small-intestinal submucosal when used as an aortic graft in the dog. J Biomed Mater Res 1995; 29: 883-91.
206. Badylak S, Kokini K, Tullius B, Simmons-Byrd A, Morff R. Morphologic study of small intestinal submucosal as a body wall repair device. J Surg Res 2002; 103: 190-202.
207. Maffta R Jr, Anene AU, Sands M, Deng YH, Davros W, Brennecke LH, et al. Sealing of Type III Endoleaks with Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer in a Canine Model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2007; 18: 763-9.
208. Hirotsune N, Kinugasa K, Mandai S, Tokunaga K, Handa A, Kawada S, et al. Combined use of cellulose acetate polymer and retrievable platinum coils for the thrombosis of cervical carotid aneurysms. Acta Med Okayama 2000; 54: 153-64.
209. Raymond J, Berthelet F, Desfaits AC, Salazkin I, Roy D. Cyanoacrylate embolization of experimental aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002; 23: 129-38.
210. Kallmes DF, Fujiwara NH, Yuen D, Dai D, Li ST. A collagen-based coil for embolization of saccillar aneurysms in a New Zealand White rabbit model. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003; 24: 591-6.
211. Kwon OK, Han MH, Oh CW, Park IA, Choe G, Lee KH, et al. Embolization with autologous fibroblast-attached platinum coils in canine carotid artery aneurysms: histopathological differences from plain coil embolization. Invest Radiol 2003; 38: 281-7.
212. Dai D, Ding YH, Danielson MA, Kadirvel R, Lewis DA, Cloft HJ, et al. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical comparison of human, rabbit and swine aneurysms embolized with platinum coils. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005; 26: 2560-8.
213. Ding YH, Dai D, Lewis DA, Cloft HJ, Kallmes DF. Angiographic and histologic analysis of experimental aneurysms embolized with platinum coils, Matrix, and HydroCoil. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005; 26: 1757-63.
214. Dai D, Ding YH, Danielson MA, Kadirvel R, Hunter LW, Zhan WZ, et al. Endovascular treatment of experimental aneurysms by use of fibroblast-coated platinum coils: an angiographic and histopathologic study. Stroke 2007; 38: 170-6.
215. Suh DC, Kim KS, Lim SM, Shi HB, Choi CG, Lee HK, et al. Technical feasibility of embolizing aneurysms with glue (N-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate): experimental study in rabbits. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003; 24: 1532-9.
216. Dudeck O, Jordan O, Hoffmann KT, Okuducu AF, Husmann I, Kreuzer-Nagy T, et al. Embolization of experimental wide-necked aneurysms with iodine-containing polyvinyl alcohol solubilized in a low-angiotoxicity sovent. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27: 1849-55.
217. Rolland PH, Vidal V, Mckkaoui C, Bertrand MF, Levrier O, Bartoli JM. Embolization-driven occlusion of the abdominal aortic aneurysmal sac as the basis of prevention of endoleaks in a new swine model. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 31: 28-35.
218. Hiraki T, Pavcnik D, Uchida BT, Timmermans HA, Yin Q, Wu RH, et al. Prophylactic residual aneurysmal sac embolization with expandable hydrogel embolic devices for endoleak prevention: preliminary study in dogs. Cardiovase Intervent Radiol 2005; 29: 459-66.
219. Uflacker R, Brothers T. Filling of the aneurysmal sac with DEAC-glucosamine in an animal model of abdominal aortic aneurysm following stent-graft repair. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2006; 47: 425-36.
220. Schouten O, van Laanen JH, Boersma E, Vidakovic R, Feringa HH, Dunkelgrun M, et al. Statins are associated with a reduced infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm growth. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 32: 21-6.
221. Sukhija R, Aronow WS, Sandhu R, Kakar P, Babu S. Mortality and size of abdominal aortic aneurysm at long-term follow-up of patients not treated surgically and treated with and without statins. Am J Cardiol 2006; 97: 279-80.
222. Dawson J, Choke E, Sayed S, Cockerill G, Loftus I, Thompson MM. Pharmacotherapy of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2006; 4: 129-49.
223. Ellozy SH, Carroccio A, Lookstrin RA, Jacobs TS, Addis MD, Teodorescu VJ, et al. Abdominal aortic aneurysm sac shrinkage after endovascular aneurysm repair: correlation with chronic sac pressure measurement. J Vasc Surg 2006; 43: 2-7.
224. Franks S, Lloyd G, Fishwick G, Bown M, Sayers R. Endovascular treatment of ruptured and symptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2006; 31: 345-50.
225. Cox DE, Jacobs DL, Motaganahalli RL, Wittgen CM, Peterson GJ. Outcomes of endovascular AAA repair in patients with hostile neck anatomy using adjunctive balloon-expandable stents. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2006; 40: 35-40.
226. Muhs BE, Verhoeven EL, Zeebregts CJ, Tielliu IF, Prins TR, Verhagen HJ, et al. Mid-term results of endovascular aneurysm repair with branched and fenestrated endografts. J Vasc Surg 2006; 44: 9-15.