Annelida

Zootaxa

Volumn , Issue 1668, 2007, Pages 245-264

  Rouse, Greg W ^a   Pleijel, Fredrik ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b GÖTEBORG UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Clitellata; Echiura; Oligochaeta; Phylogeny; Pogonophora; Polychaeta; Review; Sipuncula; Vestimentifera

Indexed keywords

ANNELIDA; CLITELLATA; ECHIURA; HIRUDINEA; OLIGOCHAETA (METAZOA); POLYCHAETA; SIPUNCULA; VESTIMENTIFERA;

EID: 38349137098     PISSN: 11755326     EISSN: 11755334     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1668.1.13     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. Aguinaldo, A.M.A., Turbeville, J.M., Linford, L.S., Rivera, M.C., Garey, J.R., Raff, R.A., & Lake, J.A. (1997) Evidence for a clade of nematodes, arthropods and other moulting animals. Nature, 387, 489-493.
2. Bartolomaeus, T. (1995) Structure and formation of the uncini in Pectinaria koreni, Pectinaria auricoma (Terebellida) and Spirorbis spirorbis (Sabellida): implications for annelid phylogeny and the position of the Pogonophora. Zoomorphology, 115, 161-177.
3. Benham, W.B. (1896) Archiannelida, Polychaeta, Myzostomidaria. In: S.F. Harmer & A.E. Shipley (Eds), The Cambridge Natural History. Macmillan, London, pp. 241-334.
4. Blake, J.A. & Arnofsky, P.L. (1999) Reproduction and larval development of the spioniform Polychaeta with application to systematics and phylogeny. Hydrobiologia, 402, 57-106.
5. Bleidorn, C., Eeckhaut, I., Podsiadlowski, L., Schult, N., McHugh, D., & Halanych, K.M., Milinkovitch, M.C., & Tiedemann, R.(2007) Mitochondrial genome and nuclear sequence data support Myzostomida as part of the annelid radiation. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24, 1690-1701.
6. Bleidorn, C., Vogt, L. & Bartolomaeus, T. (2003a) A contribution to sedentary polychaete phylogeny using 18S rRNA sequence data. Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 41, 186-195.
7. Bleidorn, C., Vogt, L. & Bartolomaeus, T. (2003b) New insights into polychaete phylogeny (Annelida) inferred from 18S rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 29, 279-288.
8. Brocco, S.L., O'Clair, R. & Cloney, R.A. (1974) Cephalopod integument: the ultrastructure of Kölliker's organs and their relationship to setae. Cell and Tissue Research, 151, 293-308.
9. Brown, S., Rouse, G.W., Hutchings, P. & Colgan, D. (1999) Assessing the usefulness of histone H3, U2 snRNA and 28S rDNA in analyses of polychaete relationships. Australian Journal of Zoology, 499-516.
10. Brusca, R.C. & Brusca, G.J. (1990) Invertebrates. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates.
11. Bunke, D. (1967) Zur Morphologie und Systematik der Aeolosomatidae Beddard 1895 und Potamodrilidae nov. fam. (Oligochaeta). Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung Anatomie und Ontogenie det Tiere, 94, 187-368.
12. Bunke, D. (1985) Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon and spermiogenesis in the interstitial annelid Potamodrilus fluviatilis. Journal of Morphology, 185, 203-216.
13. Bunke, D. (1986) Ultrastructural investigation on the spermatozoon and its genesis on Aeolosoma litorale with considerations on the phylogenetic implications for the Aeolosomatidae. Journal of Ultrastructure and Molecular Structure Research, 95, 113-130.
14. Colgan, D. J., Hutchings, P.A. & Braune, M. (2006) A multigene framework for polychaete phylogenetic studies Organisms, Diversity & Evolution, 6, 220-235.
15. Cutler, E. (1994) The Sipuncula: Their systematics, biology, and evolution. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, p. 453.
16. Cuvier, G. ( 1817) Le régne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à ianatomie comparée (Vol. 4). Paris: Deterville.
17. Dales, R.P. (1962) The polychaete stomodeum and the interrelationships of the families of the Polychaeta. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 139, 289-328.
18. Dales, R.P. (1963) Annelids. Hutchinson University Library, London.
19. Day, J.H. (1967a) A monograph on the Polychaeta of southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. London: British Museum (Natural History).
20. Day, J.H. (1967b) A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part IL Sedentaria. London: British Museum (Natural History).
21. Eeckhaut, I., McHugh, D., Mardulyn, P., Tiedemann, R., Monteyne, D., Jangoux, M., & Milinkovitch C. (2000) Myzostomida: a link between trochozoans and flatworms? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 267, 1383-1392.
22. Eibye-Jacobsen, D. (2004) A reevaluation of Wiwaxia and the polychaetes of the Burgess Shale. Lethaia, 37, 317-335.
23. Eibye-Jacobsen, D. & Kristensen, R.M. (1994) A new genus and species of Dorvilleidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Bermuda, with a phylogenetic analysis of Dorvilleidae, Iphitimidae and Dinophilidae. Zoologica Scripta, 23, 107-131.
24. Erséus, C. & Källersjö, M. (2004) 18S rDNA phylogeny of Clitellata (Annelida). Zoologica Scripta, 33, 187-196.
25. Fauchald, K. (1977) The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Science Series, 28, 1-188.
26. Fauchald, K. & Rouse, G.W. (1997) Polychaete systematics: Past and present. Zoologica Scripta, 26, 71-138.
27. Fitzhugh, K. (1989) A systematic revision of the Sabellidae-Caobangiidae- Sabellongidae complex (Annelida: Polychaeta). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 192, 1-104.
28. Giard, A. (1880) On the affinities of the genus Polygordius with the annelids of the family Opheliidae. Annals and Magazines of Natural History, 6, 324-326.
29. Giribet, G. (2003) Molecules, development and fossils in the study of metazoan evolution; Articulata versus Ecdysozoa revisited. Zoology, 106, 303-326.
30. Graff, L. von (1877) Das Genus Myzostoma (F.S. Leuckart). Leipzig: Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann.
31. Grube, A. E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 16, 249-364.
32. Halanych, K.M., Bachelier, J.D., Aguinaldo, A.M.A., Liva, S.M., Hillis, D.M. & Lake, J.A. (1995) Evidence from 18S ribosomal DNA that the lophophorates are protostome animals. Science, 267, 1641-1643.
33. Halanych, K.M., Feldman, R.A. & Vrijenhoek, R.C. (2001) Molecular evidence that Sclerolinum brattstromi is closely related to vestimentiferans, not to frenulate pogonophorans (Siboglinidae, Annelida). Biological Bulletin, 201, 65-75.
34. Hartman, O. (1968) Atlas of the errantiate polychaetous annelids from California. Los Angeles: Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California, p. 848.
35. Hartman, O. (1969) Atlas of the sedentariate polychaetous annelids from California. Los Angeles: Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California, p. 812.
36. Hatschek, B. (1878) Studien über die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Anneliden. Ein Beitrag zur Morphologie der Bilaterien. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institute der Universität Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest, 1, 277-404.
37. Hermans, C.O. (1969) The systematic position of the Archiannelida. Systematic Zoology, 18, 85-102.
38. Hessling, R. (2002) Metameric organisation of the nervous system indevclopmental stages of Urechis caupo (Echiura) andits phylogenetic implications. Zoomorphology, 121, 221-234.
39. Hessling, R. & Westheide, W. (2002) Are Echiura derived from a segmented ancestor? Immunohistochemical analysis of the nervous system in developmental stages of Bonellia viridis. Journal of Morphology, 252, 100-113.
40. Hyman, L.H. (1959) The Invertebrates: Smaller coelomate groups, vol. V. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co. p. 783.
41. Ivanov, A.V. (1963) Pogonophora. London: Academic Press, p. 479.
42. Jamieson, B.G.M. (2006) Non-leech Clitellata. In: G. W. Rouse & F. Pleijel (Eds), Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, New Hampshire, pp. 235-392.
43. Johansson, K.E. (1939) Lamellisabella zachsi Uschakow, ein Vertreter eine neuen Tierklasse Pogonophora. Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala, 18, 253-268.
44. Jones, M.L. (1985) On the Vestimentifera, new phylum: Six new species, and other taxa, from hydrothermal vents and elsewhere. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 6, 117-158.
45. Jördens, J., Struck, T. & Purschke, G. (2004) Phylogenetic inference regarding Parergodrilidae and Hrabeiella periglandulata ('Polychaeta', Annelida) based on 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and COI sequences. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 42, 270-280.
46. Kojima, S. (1998) Paraphyletic status of Polychaeta suggested by phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences of Elongation Factor 1 -alpha. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 9, 255-261.
47. Lamarck, J.-B. de (1802) La nouvelle classes des Annélides. Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, An X, Disc. d'ouverture, 27 Floréal (Reprinted in 1907 in Bulletin biologique de la France et de la Belgique 1960:1956).
48. Lamarck, J.-B. de (1818) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres (Vol. 5). Paris: Baillière.
49. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, 10th ed. Stockholm.
50. Malakhov, V.V., Popelyaev, I.S. & Galkin, S.V. (1997) On the position of Vestimentifera and Pogonophora in the system of the animal kingdom. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 76, 1336-1347.
51. Martin, P. (2001 ) On the origin of the Hirudinca and the demise of the Oligochaeta. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences, 268, 1089-1098.
52. McHugh, D. (1997) Molecular evidence that echiurans and pogonophorans are derived annelids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94, 8006-8009.
53. McHugh, D. (2000) Molecular phylogeny of the Annelida. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 78, 1873-1884.
54. Meyer, K. & Bartolomaeus, T. (1996) Ultrastructure and formation of the hooked setae in Owenia fusiformis delle Chiaje, 1842-implications for annelid phylogeny. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 74, 2143-2153.
55. Meyer, R. & Bartolomaeus, T. (1997) Ultrastruktur und morphogenese der hakenborsten bei Psammodrilus balanoglossoides?bedeutung für die Stellung der Psammodrilida (Annelida). Microfauna Marina, 11, 87-113.
56. Michaelsen, W. (1919) Über die Beziehungen der Hirudineen zu den Oligochäten. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 36, 131-153.
57. Newby, W.W. (1940) The embryology of the echiuroid worm Urechis caupo. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, 16, 1-219.
58. Nørrevang, A. (1970) The position of Pogonophora in the phylogenetic system. Zeitschrift der Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 8, 161-172.
59. Orrhage, L. (1973) Light and electron microscope studies of some brachiopod and pogonophoran setae. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere, 74, 253-270.
60. Orrhage, L. (1980) On the structure and homologues of the anterior end of the polychaete families Sabellidae and Serpulidae. Zoomorphology, 96, 113-168.
61. Pettibone, M.H. (1982) Annelida. In: S. P. Parker (Ed), Synopsis and classification of living organisms, vol. 2. McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York, pp. 1-43.
62. Pleijel, F. & Dahlgren, T. (1998) Position and delineation of Chrysopetalidae and Hesionidae (Annelida, Polychaeta, Phyllodocida). Cladistics, 14, 129-150.
63. Purschke, G. (1997) Ultrastructure of the nuchal organs in polychaetes (Annelida). New results and review. Acta Zoologica, 78, 123-143.
64. Purschke, G., Hessling, R. & Westheide, W. (2000) The phylogenetic position of the Clitellata and the Echiura - on the problematic assessment of absent characters. Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research, 38, 165-173.
65. Purschke, G. & Jouin, C. (1988) Anatomy and ultrastructure of the ventral pharyngeal organs of Saccocirrus (Saccocirridae) and Protodriloides (Protodriloidae fam. n.) with remarks on the phylogenetic relationships within Protodrilida (Annelida: Polychaeta). Journal of Zoology, 215, 405-432.
66. Purschke, G., Wolfrath, F. & Westheide, W. (1997) Ultrastructure of the nuchal organ and cerebral organ in Onchnesoma squamatum (Sipuncula, Phascolionidae). Zoomorphology, 117, 23-31.
67. Quatrefages, A. de (1847) Memoire sur l'Echiure de Gaertner. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie et Paléontologie)(série 3), 7, 307-343.
68. Rafinesque, C.S. (1814) Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C.S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz, entre 1800 et 1814. Ou choix raisonné de ses principales Découvertes en Zoologie et en Botanique, pour servir d'introduction à ses ouvrages futurs. Palermo: l'Auture.
69. Rouse, G.W. (1999) Trochophore concepts: ciliary bands and the evolution of larvae in spiralian Metazoa. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 66, 411-464.
70. Rouse, G.W. (2000) Bias? What bias? Gain and loss of downstream larval-feeding in animals. Zoologica Scripta, 29, 213-236.
71. Rouse, G.W. (2001) A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914 (Polychaeta, Annelida): formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 132, 55-80.
72. Rouse, G.W. & Fauchald, K. (1995) The articulation of annelids. Zoologica Scripta, 24, 269-301.
73. Rouse, G.W. & Fauchald, K. (1997) Cladistics and polychaetes. Zoologica Scripta, 26, 139-204.
74. Rouse, G.W. & Fauchald, K. (1998) Recent views on the status, delineation and classification of the Annelida. American Zoologist, 38, 953-964.
75. Rouse, G.W., Goffredi, S.K. & Vrijenhoek, R.C. (2004) Osedax: Bone-eating marine worms with dwarf males. Science, 305, 668-671.
76. Rouse, G.W. & Pleijel, F. (2001) Polychaetes. London: Oxford University Press, p. 354.
77. Rouse, G.W. & Pleijel, F. (2006) Chapter 1. Annelid phylogeny and systematics. In: G.W. Rouse & F. Pleijel, F. (Eds), Reproductive biology and phylogeny of Annelida. Science Publishers Inc., Enfield, New Hampshire, pp. 3-21.
78. Rousset, V., Pleijel, F., Rouse, G.W., Erséus, C. & Siddall, M.E. (2007) A molecular phylogeny of annelids. Cladistics, 23, 41-63.
79. Rousset, V., Rouse, G.W., Siddall, M. E., Tillier, A. & Pleijel, F. (2004) The phylogenetic position of Siboglinidae (Annelida), inferred from 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and morphological data. Cladistics, 20, 518-533.
80. Savigny, J.-C. (1822) Systèmes des annelides, principalement de celles des côtes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie. In: M.J.L. Savigny (Ed), Description de l'Egypte, Histoire Naturelle, Paris, p. 128.
81. Scheltema, A.H. (1993) Aplacophora as progenetic aculiferans and the coelomate origin of mollusks as the sister taxon of the Sipuncula. Biological Bulletin, 184, 57-78.
82. Seaver, E.C. (2003) Segmentation: mono- or polyphyletic? International Journal of Developmental Biology, 47, 583-595.
83. Sedgwick, A. (1898) A student's textbook of zoology. 1. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. Ltd.
84. Siddall, M.E., Apakupakul, K., Burreson, E.M., Coates, K.A., Erseus, C., Gelder, S. R., Källersjö, M. & Trapido-Rosenthal, H. (2001) Validating Livanow: Molecular data agree that leeches, branchiobdellidans, and Acanthobdella peledina form a monophyletic group of oligochaetes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 21, 346-351.
85. Siddall, M.E., Bely, A.E. & Borda, E. (2006) Hirudinida. In: G. W. Rouse & F. Pleijel (Eds), Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida. Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, New Hampshire, pp. 393-429.
86. Southward, E.G. (1988) Development of the gut and segmentation of newly settled stages of Ridgeia (Vestimentifera): implications for relationship between Vestimentifera and Pogonophora. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, U.K., 68, 465-487.
87. Stephen, A.C. & Edmonds, S.J. (1972) The phyla Sipuncula and Echiura. London: British Museum (Natural History).
88. Struck, T., Halanych, K.M. & Purschke, G. (2005) Dinophilidae (Annelida) is most likely not a progenetic Eunicida: Evidence from 18S and 28S rDNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37, 619-623.
89. Struck, T., Hessling, R. & Purschke, G. (2002) The phylogenetic position of the Aeolosomatidae and Parergodrilidae, two enigmatic oligochaete-like taxa of the 'Polychaeta', based on molecular data from 18S rDNA sequences. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 40, 155-163.
90. Struck, T. & Purschke, G. (2005) The sister group relationship of Aeolosomatidae and Potamodrilidae (Annelida: "Polychaeta") - a molecular phylogenetic approach based on 18S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase I. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 243, 281-293.
91. Struck, T. H., Purschke, G. & Halanych, K.M. (2006) Phylogeny of Eunicida (Annelida) and Exploring Data Congruence Using a Partition Addition Bootstrap Alteration (PABA) Approach. Systematic Biology, 55, 1-20.
92. Struck, T. H., Schult, N., Kusen, T., Hickman, E., Bleidorn, C., McHugh, D. & Halanych, K.M. (2007) Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7, 57.
93. Swedmark, B. (1952) Note préliminaire sur un polychète sédentaire aberrant, Psammodrilus balanoglossoides, n.gen., n.sp. Arkiv för Zoologi, 4, 159-162.
94. Webb, M. (1964) The posterior extremity of Siboglinum fiordicum (Pogonophora). Sarsia, 15, 33-36.
95. Westheide, W. (1985) The systematic position of the Dinophilidae and the archiannelid problem. In: S. Conway Morris, D. George, R. Gibson & H. M. Platt (Eds), The origins and relationships of lower invertebrates. Oxford University Press, pp. 310-326.
96. Westheide, W. (1997) The direction of evolution within the Polychaeta. Journal of Natural History, 31, 1-15.
97. Westheide, W., McHugh, D., Purschke, G. & Rouse, G.W. (1999) Systematization of the Annelida: different approaches. Hydrobiologia, 402, 291-307.
98. Winnepenninckx, B., Backeljau, T. & De Wachter, R. (1995) Phylogeny of protostome worms derived from 18S r RNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 12, 641-649.
99. Worsaae, K., Nygren, A., Rouse, G.W., Giribet, G., Persson, J., Sundberg, P. & Pleijel, F. (2005) Phylogeny of Nerillidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) as inferred from combined 18S rDNA and morphological data. Cladistics, 21, 143-162.
100. Zrzavy, J., Hypsa, V. & Tietz, D. F. (2001) Myzostomida are not annelids: Molecular and morphological support for a clade of animals with anterior sperm flagella [Review]. Cladistics, 17, 170-198.