Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) inhibits adipocyte hypertrophy and down regulates lipogenic gene expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese rats

British Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 99, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 230-239

  Huang, Hui Ling ^a,b   Hong, Ya Wen ^a   Wong, You Hong ^a   Chen, Ying Nien ^a   Chyuan, Jong Ho ^c   Huang, Ching Jang ^d   Chao, Pei min ^a  

^a CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b CHIA NAN UNIVERSITY OF PHARMACY AND SCIENCE   (Taiwan)

^c Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station   (Taiwan)

^d NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Adipocyte hypertrophy; Bitter melon; Lipogenic genes; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; Thiazolidinedione

Indexed keywords

ACETYL COENZYME A CARBOXYLASE; FATTY ACID BINDING PROTEIN; FATTY ACID SYNTHASE; GLUCOSE; GLYCEROL 3 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (NAD); INSULIN; LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE; MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACT; PIOGLITAZONE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADIPOSE TISSUE CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOWN REGULATION; GENE EXPRESSION; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPOGENESIS; LIPOHYPERTROPHY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OBESITY; ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; RAT; RNA ISOLATION; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ADIPOCYTES; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ANIMALS; ANTI-OBESITY AGENTS; CELL SIZE; DIET; DIETARY FATS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOWN-REGULATION; EATING; GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; HYPERTROPHY; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPOGENESIS; MALE; MOMORDICA CHARANTIA; OBESITY; ORGAN SIZE; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT EXTRACTS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR; WEIGHT GAIN;

CUCUMIS; MOMORDICA CHARANTIA; RATTUS;

EID: 38049123030     PISSN: 00071145     EISSN: 14752662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114507793947     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Plutzky J (2000) Emerging concepts in metabolic abnormalities associated with coronary artery disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 15, 416-421.
2. Grover JK & Yadav SP (2004) Pharmacological actions and potential uses of Momordica charantia: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 93, 123-132.
3. Krawinkel MB & Keding GB (2006) Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia: A dietary approach to hyperglycemia. Nutr Rev 64, 331-337.
4. Chao CY & Huang CJ (2003) Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) extract activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and upregulates the expression of the acyl CoA oxidase gene in H4IIEC3 hepatoma cells. J Biomed Sci 10, 782-791.
5. Desvergne B & Wahli W (1999) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Nuclear control of metabolism. Endocr Rev 20, 649-688.
6. Berger JP, Akiyama TE & Meinke PT (2005) PPARs: Therapeutic targets for metabolic disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 26, 244-251.
7. Chen Q, Chan LL & Li ET (2003) Bitter melon (Momordica charantia). reduces adiposity, lowers serum insulin and normalizes glucose tolerance in rats fed a high fat diet. J Nutr 133, 1088-1093.
8. Chen Q & Li ET (2005) Reduced adiposity in bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fed rats is associated with lower tissue triglyceride and higher plasma catecholamines. Br J Nutr 93, 747-754.
9. Chan LL, Chen Q, Go AG, Lam EK & Li ET (2005) Reduced adiposity in bitter melon (Momordica charantia)- fed rats is associated with increased lipid oxidative enzyme activities and uncoupling protein expression. J Nutr 135, 2517-2523.
10. Arner P (2005) Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes-role of the adipokines. Curr Mol Med 5, 333-339.
11. Lambe KG & Tugwood JD (1996) A human peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ is activated by inducers of adipogenesis, i including thiazolidinedione drugs. Eur J Biochem 239, 1-7.
12. Hsu SC & Huang CJ (2006) Reduced fat mass in rats fed a high oleic acid-rich safflower oil diet is associated with changes in expression of hepatic PPAR(and adipose SREBP-1c-regulated genes. J Nutr 136 1779-1785.
13. Hirsch J & Gallian E (1968) Methods for the determination of adipose cell size in man and animals. J Lipid Res 9, 110-119.
14. Folch J, Lees M & Sloane Stanley GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of totat lipides from animal tissues. J, Biol Chem 226, 497-509.
15. Kozak LP & Jensen JT (1974) Genetic and developmental control of multiple forms of 1-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 249, 7775-7781.
16. Morimoto C, Kameda K, Tsujita T & Okuda H (2001) Relation-ships between lipolysis induced by various lipolytic agents and hormone-sensitive lipase in rat fat cells. J Lipid Res 42, 120-127.
17. Yeh GY, Eisenberg DM, Kaptchuk TJ & Phillips RS (2003) Systematic review of herbs and dietary supplements for glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Care 26, 1277-1294.
18. Ahmed I, Adeghate E, Sharma AK,Pallot DJ & Singh J (1998) Effects of Momordica charantia fruit juice on islet morphology in the pancreas of the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 40 145-151.
19. Miura T, Itoh C, Iwamoto N, et al. (2001) Hypoglycemic activity of the fruit of the Momordica charantia in type 2 diabetic mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 47, 340-344.
20. Akhtar NIS (1982) Trial of Momordica charantia in (Karela) powder in patients with maturity-onset diabetes. J Pak Med Assoc 32 106-107.
21. Shibib BA, Khan LA & Rahman R (1993) Hypoglycaemic activity of Coccinia indica and Momordica charantia in diabetic rats: depression of the hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose- 1,6-bisphosphatase and elevation of both liver and red-cell shunt enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Biochem J 292, 267-270.
22. Ng TB, Wong CM, Li WW & Yeung HW (1986) Insulin-like molecules in Momordica charantia seeds. J Ethnopharmacol 15, 107-117.
23. Cummings E, Hundal HS, Wackerhage H, Hope M, Belle M, Adeghate E & Singh J (2004) Momordica charantia fruit juice stimulates glucose and amino acid uptakes in L6 myotubes. Mol Cell Biochem 261, 99-104.
24. De Vos P, Lefebvre AM, Miller SG, Guerre-Millo M, Wong K, Saladin R, Hamann LG, Staels B, Briggs MR & Auwerx J (1996) Thiazolidinediones repress ob gene expression in rodents via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. J Clin Invest 98, 1004-1009.
25. Zhang B, Graziano MP, Doebber TW, et al. (1996) Down-regulation of the expression of the obese gene by an antidiabetic thiazolidinedione in Zucker diabetic fatty rats and dbldb mice. J Biol Chem 271, 9455-9459.
26. Okuno A, Tamemoto H, Tobe K, et al. (1998) Troglitazone increases the number of small adipocytes without the change of white adipose tissue mass in obese Zucker rats. J Clin Invest 101 1354-1361.
27. Bogacka I, Xie H, Bray GA & Smith SR (2004) The effect of pioglitazone on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ target genes related to lipid storage in vivo. Diabetes Care 27, 1660-1667.
28. Deng T, Shan S, Li PP, Shen ZF, Lu XP, Cheng Z & Ning ZQ (2006) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ transcriptionally up-regulates hormone-sensitive lipase via the involvement of specificity protein-1. Endocrinology 147, 875-884.
29. Ahima RS & Flier JS (2000) Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Trends Endocrinol Metab 11, 327-332.
30. Hotamisligil GS, Peraldi P, Budavari A, Ellis R, White MF & Spiegelman BM (1996) IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-α- and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 271, 665-668.
31. Griffin ME, Marcucci MJ, Cline GW, Bell K, Barucci N, Lee D, Goodyear LJ, Kraegen EW, White MF & Shulman GI (1999) Free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance is associated with activation of protein kinase C theta and alterations in the insulin signaling cascade. Diabetes 48, 1270-1274.
32. Olefsky JM (1976) The effects of spontaneous obesity on insulin binding, glucose transport, and glucose oxidation of isolated rat adipocytes. J Clin Invest 57, 842-851.
33. Hu E, Kim JB, SarTaf P & Spiegelman BM (1996) Inhibition of adipogenesis through MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PPARγ. Science 274, 2100-2103.
34. Brown MS, & Goldstein JL (1997) The SREBP pathway: Regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a mernbranebound transcription factor. Cell 89, 331-340.
35. Yang VW, Christy RJ, Cook IS, Kelly TJ & Lane MD (1989) Mechanism of regulation of the 422(aP2) gene by cAMP during preadipocyte differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86, 3629-3633
36. Zhang Y, Repa JJ, Gauthier K & Mangelsdorf DJ (2001) Regulation of lipoprotein lipase by the oxysterol receptors, LXR LXRO. J Biol Chem 276, 43018-43024.
37. Raclot T, Groscolas R, Langin D & Ferre P (1997) Site-specific regulation of gene expression by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat white adipose tissues. J Lipid Res 38, 1963-1972.
38. Nerurkar PV, Pearson L, Efird JT, Adeli K, Theriault AG & Nerurkar VR (2005) Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene expression and apoB secretion are inifibited by bitter melon in HepG2 cells. J Nutr 135, 702-706.
39. Kim JB & Spiegelman BM (1996) ADDI/SREBP1 promotes adipocytes differentiation and gene expression linked to fatty acid metabolism. Genes Dev 10 1096-1107.
40. Palmer DG, Rutter GA & Tavare JM (2002) Insulin-stimulated fatty acid synthase gene expression does not require increased sterol response element binding protem 1 transcription in primary adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 291, 439-443.
41. Bertile F & Raclot T (20N) mRNA levels of SREBP-Ic do not coincide with the changes in adipose lipogenic gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 325, 827-834.
42. Sekiya M, Yahagi N, Matsuzaka T, et al. (2007) Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1-independent regulation of lipogenic gene expression in adipocytes. J Lipid Res (Epublication ahead of print version 24 April 2007).
43. Juvet LK, Andresen SM, Schuster GU, et al. (2003). On the role of liver X receptors in lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 17, 172-182.
44. Darimont C, Avanti O, Zbinden I, Leone-Vautravers P, Mansourian R, Giusti V & Mace K (2006) Liver X receptor preferentially activates de novo lipogenesis in human preadipocytes. Biochimie 88, 309-318.
45. Stulnig TM, Steffensen KR, GaoH, Reimers M, Dahlman-Wright K, Schuster GU & Gustafsson J (2002) Novel roles of liver X receptors exposed by gene expression profiling in liver and adipose tissue. Mol Pharmacol 62, 1299-1305.