TOR signalling regulates mitotic commitment through the stress MAP kinase pathway and the Polo and Cdc2 kinases

Nature Cell Biology

Volumn 9, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 1263-1272

  Petersen, Janni ^a,b   Nurse, Paul ^a  

^a ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 1; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; NITROGEN; PHOSPHATASE; POLO LIKE KINASE; RAPAMYCIN; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN KINASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GCN2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CELL CYCLE; CELL CYCLE G2 PHASE; CELL CYCLE M PHASE; CELL DIVISION; CELL GROWTH; CELL SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME REGULATION; EUKARYOTIC CELL; MITOSIS; NONHUMAN; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PHASE TRANSITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEPLETION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SPINDLE POLE BODY; YEAST CELL;

CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE; CELLS, CULTURED; MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; MITOSIS; PROTEIN KINASES; PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES POMBE PROTEINS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SIROLIMUS;

EUKARYOTA; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCETACEAE;

EID: 35748973557     PISSN: 14657392     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ncb1646     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Mitchison, J. M. Growth during the cell cycle. Int Rev. Cylol. 226, 165-258 (2003).
2. Kim, D. H. et al. mTOR interacts with raptor to form a nutrient-sensitive complex that signals to the cell growth machinery. Cell 110, 163-175 (2002).
3. Dolznig, H., Grebien, F., Sauer, T., Beug, H. & Mullner, E. W. Evidence for a size-sensing mechanism in animal cells. Nature Cell Biol. 6, 899-905 (2004).
4. Jorgensen, R & Tyers, M. How cells coordinate growth and division. Curr. Biol. 14, R1014-R1027 (2004)
5. Fantes, P. & Nurse, P. Control of cell size at division in fission yeast by growth-modulated size control over nuclear division. Exp. Cell Res. 107, 377-386 (1977).
6. Fingar, D. C. & Blenis, J. Target of rapamycin (TOR): An integrator of nutrient and growth factor signals and coordinator of cell growth and cell cycle progression. Oncogene 23, 3151-3171 (2004).
7. Weisman, R. & Choder, M. The fission yeast TOR homolog, tor1+, is required for the response to starvation and other stresses via a conserved serine. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 7027-7032 (2001).
8. Matsuo, T, Otsubo, Y., Urano, J., Tamandi, F. & Yamamoto, M. Loss of the TOR kinase Tor2 mimics nitrogen starvation and activates the sexual development pathway in fission yeast. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 3154-3159 (2007).
9. Weisman, R., Roitburg, I., Schonburn, M., Harari, R. & Kupiec, M. Opposite effects of Tor1 and Tor2 on nitrogen starvation responses in fission yeast. Genetics 175, 1153-1162 (2006).
10. Alvarez, B. & Moreno, S. Fission yeast Tor2 promotes cell growth and represses cell differentiation. J. Cell Sci. 119, 4475-4485 (2006).
11. Uritani, M. et al. Fission yeast Tor2 links nitrogen signals to cell proliferation and acts downstream of the Rheb GTPase. Genes Cells 11, 1367-1379 (2006).
12. Kawai, M. et al. Fission yeast tor1 functions in response to various stresses including nitrogen starvation, high osmolarity, and high temperature. Curr. Genet. 39, 166-174 (2001).
13. Weisman, R., Choder, M. & Koltin, Y. Rapamycin specifically interferes with the developmental response of fission yeast to starvation. J. Bacteriol. 179, 6325-6334 (1997).
14. Shiozaki, K. & Russell, P. Cell-cycle control linked to extracellular environment by MAP kinase pathway in fission yeast. Nature 378 739-743 (1995).
15. Millar, J. B., Buck, V. & Wilkinson, M. G. Pypl and Pyp2 PTPases dephosohorylate an osmosensing MAP kinase controlling cell size at division in fission yeast. Genes Dev. 9, 2117-2130 (1995).
16. Shiozaki, K., Shiozaki, M. & Russell, P. Heat stress activates fission yeast Spc1/Styl MAPK by a MEKK-independent mechanism. Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 1339-1349 (1998).
17. Mulvihill, D. P., Petersen, J., Ohkura, H., Glover, D. M. & Hagan, I. M. Plo1 kinase recruitment to the spindle pole body and its role in cell division in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 2771-2785 (1999).
18. Petersen, J. & Hagan, I. M. Polo kinase links the stress pathway to cell cycle control and tip growth in fission yeast. Nature 435, 507-512 (2005).
19. MacIver, F. H., Tanaka, K., Robertson, A. M. & Hagan, I.M. Physical and functional interactions between polo kinase and the spindle pole component Cut12 regulate mitotic commitment in S. pombe. Genes Dev. 17, 1507-1523 (2003).
20. Lee, M. G. & Nurse, P. Complementation used to clone a human homolog of the fission yeast-cell cycle control gene cdc2. Nature 327, 31-35 (1987).
21. Davey, J. & Nielsen, O. Mutations in cyr1 and pat1 reveal pheromone-induced G1 arrest in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Curr. Genet. 26, 105-112 (1994).
22. Weisman, R., Roitburg, I., Nahari, T. & Kupiec, M. Regulation of leucine uptake by torl+ in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is sensitive to rapamycin. Genetics 169, 539-550 (2005).
23. Matsuo, T., Kubo, Y., Watanabe, Y. & Yamamoto, M. Schizosaccharomyces pombe AGC: Family kinase Gad8p forms a conserved signaling module with TOR and PDK1-like kinases. EMBO J. 22, 3073-3083 (2003).
24. + protein kinas2 regulates entry into mitosis. Nature 342, 39-45 (1989).
25. Nurse P. Universal control mechanism regulating onset of M-phase. Nature 344, 503-508 (1990).
26. +, a gene encoding a protein-kinase homolog. Cell 149, 559-567 (1987).
27. Fantes, P. A. & Nurse, P. Control of the timing of cell division in fission yeast. Cell size mutants reveal a second control pathway. Exp. Cell Res. 115, 317-329 (1978).
28. + protein kinase. EMBO J. 6, 3441-3447 (1987).
29. Toone, W. M. & Jones, N. in The Molecular Biology of Schizosoccharomyces pombe (ed. Egel, R.) 57-72 (Spiringer, Berlin, 2004).
30. Gaits, F. & Russell, P. Active nucleocytoplasmic shuttling required for function and regulation of stress-activated kinase Spc1/Styl in fission yeast. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 1395-1407 (1999).
31. Maundrell, K. nmt1 of fission yeast. A highly transcribed gene completely repressed by thiamine. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10857-10864 (1990).
32. + is defective in metaphase to anaphase transition. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 5704-5711 (1996).
33. Wek, R. C., Jiang, H. Y. & Anthony, T. G. Coping with stress: EIF2 kinases and translational control. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34, 7-11 (2006).
34. Heltman, J., Mowa, N. R. & Hall, M. N. Targets for cell cycle arrest by the immunosuppressant rapamycin in yeast. Science 253, 905-909 (1991).
35. Cherkasova, V. A., & Hinnebusch, A. G. Translational control by TOR and TAP42 through dephosphorylation of-elF2α kinase GCN2. Genes Dev. 17, 859-872 (2003).
36. Zhan, K., Narasimhan, J. & Wek, R. C. Differential activation of elF2 kinases in response to cellular stresses in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genetics 168, 1867-1875 (2004).
37. Tvegard, T. et al. A novel checkpoint mechanism regulating the G1/S transition. Genes Dev. 21, 649-654 (2007).
38. Xie, M. W. et al. Insights into TOR function and rapamycin response: Chemical genomic profiling by using a high-density cell array method. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102, 7215-7220 (2005).
39. Finger, D. C., Salama, S., Tsou, C., Harlow, E. & Blenis J. Mammalian cell size is controlled,by mTOR and its downstream targets S6K1 and 4EBP1/elF4E. Genes Dev. 16, 1472-1487 (2002):
40. Moreno, S., Klar, A. & Nurse, P. Molecular genetic analysis of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Methods Enzymol. 194, 795-823 (1991).
41. Egel, R, Willer, M., Kjaerulff, S., Davey, J. & Nielsen, O. Assessment of pheromone production and response in fission yeast by a halo test of induced sporulation. Yeast 10, 1347-1354 (1994).
42. Bahler, J. et al. Heterologous moules for efficient and versatile PCR-based gene targeting in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Yeast 14 943-951 (1998).
43. Pardo, M. & Nurse, P. The nuclear rim protein Amo1 is required for proper microtybule cytoskeleton organisation in fission yeast. J. Cell Sci. 118, 1705-1714 (2005).
44. Basi, G., Schmid, E. & Mauhdrell, K. TATA box mutations in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rimt1 promoter affect transcription efficiency but not the transcription start point or thiamine repressibility. Gene 123, 131-136 (1993).
45. Longtine, M. et al. Additional modules for versatile and economical PCR-based gene deletion and modification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 14, 953-961 (1998).
46. Petersen, J., Paris, J., Willer, M., Philippe, M. & Hagan, I. M. The S. pombe aurora related kinase Ark1 associates with mitotic structures in a stage dependent manner and is required for chromosome segregation. J. Cell Sci. 114 4371-4384 (2001).
47. Nguyen, A. N. & Shiozaki, K. Heat-shock-induced activation of stress MAP kinase is regulated by threonine and tyrosine-specific phosphatases. Genes Dev. 13, 1653-1663 (1999).
48. Alarcon, C. M., Heitman, J. & Cardenas, M. E. Protein kinase activity and identification of a toxic effector domain of the target rapamycin TOR proteins in yeast. Mol. Biol. Cell, 10, 2531-2546 (1999).
49. Degols, G., Shiaozaki, K. & Russell, P. Activation and regulation of the Spc1 stress-activated protein kinase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 2870-2877 (1996).