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In initial experiments, complexes derived from copper, cobalt, zinc, and magnesium salts were found to be inferior to nickel salts in terms of the reaction rate and selectivity
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In initial experiments, complexes derived from copper, cobalt, zinc, and magnesium salts were found to be inferior to nickel salts in terms of the reaction rate and selectivity.
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When the amount of malonate was reduced to 1.2 equiv while increasing the concentration to 1 M in the addition reaction, the reaction rate and selectivity increased.
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When the amount of malonate was reduced to 1.2 equiv while increasing the concentration to 1 M in the addition reaction, the reaction rate and selectivity increased.
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Nickel(II) bromide and diamine 9a were stirred in toluene for 1 h at 70°C before the addition of nitrostyrene 2a and diethyl malonate 3b.
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Nickel(II) bromide and diamine 9a were stirred in toluene for 1 h at 70°C before the addition of nitrostyrene 2a and diethyl malonate 3b.
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106
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All catalysts were prepared and isolated before reactions were performed
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All catalysts were prepared and isolated before reactions were performed.
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2 (44%, 28% ee), toluene (41%, 52% ee), ethyl acetate (44%, 61% ee), 1,4-dioxane (90%, 88% ee), diethylether (80%, 82% ee), acetonitrile (31%, 67% ee), and ethanol (47%, 63% ee).
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2 (44%, 28% ee), toluene (41%, 52% ee), ethyl acetate (44%, 61% ee), 1,4-dioxane (90%, 88% ee), diethylether (80%, 82% ee), acetonitrile (31%, 67% ee), and ethanol (47%, 63% ee).
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Catalysts 13 and 14 were prepared from the nickel bisdiamine complexes with 1 equiv of acetylacetone and isolated before reactions were performed. See Supporting Information.
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Catalysts 13 and 14 were prepared from the nickel bisdiamine complexes with 1 equiv of acetylacetone and isolated before reactions were performed. See Supporting Information.
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84963294908
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2, see: (a) Nelson, J. H.; Landen, G. L.; Stevens, B. N. Synth. React. Inorg. Met.-Org. Chem. 1979, 9, 435.
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Palladium bisaqua and hydroxo complexes were found to be effective for enolization of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, see ref 7a
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Palladium bisaqua and hydroxo complexes were found to be effective for enolization of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, see ref 7a.
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2 is facilitated in the presence of molecular sieves, see; (a) Mikami, K.; Motoyama, Y.; Terada, M. J. Am. Chem, Soc. 1994, 116, 2812.
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2 is facilitated in the presence of molecular sieves, see; (a) Mikami, K.; Motoyama, Y.; Terada, M. J. Am. Chem, Soc. 1994, 116, 2812.
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118
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Pd-hydroxo species was formed from Pd bisaqua complexes in wet acetone in the presence of molecular sieves and the Pd-OH plays a beneficial role as a Bronsted base in the enolization step, see ref 32 and the following: Fujii, A, Hagiwara, E, Sodeoka, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 5450
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Pd-hydroxo species was formed from Pd bisaqua complexes in wet acetone in the presence of molecular sieves and the Pd-OH plays a beneficial role as a Bronsted base in the enolization step, see ref 32 and the following: Fujii, A.; Hagiwara, E.; Sodeoka, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 5450.
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