Pathology of fatty liver disease

Modern Pathology

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 40-48

  Brunt, Elizabeth M ^a  

^a SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Fatty liver disease; Grading; Insulin resistance; Staging

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONVALESCENCE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; FATTY LIVER; HUMAN; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER HISTOLOGY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PEDIATRICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TREATMENT PLANNING;

BIOPSY; FATTY LIVER; HUMANS; LIVER;

EID: 34248359868     PISSN: 08933952     EISSN: 15300285     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800680     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Ludwig J, Viggiano TR, McGill DB, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clinic Proc 1980;55:434-438.
2. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:960-967.
3. Clark JM, Brancati FL, Diehl AM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2002;122:1649-1657.
4. Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Determinants of the association of overweight with elevated serum alanine aminotrasferase activity in the United States. Gastroenterolgy 2003;124:71-79.
5. Bellentani S, Sacciccio G, Masutti F, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatic steatosis in northern Italy. AnnInternal Med 2000;132:112-117.
6. Browning JD, Kumar KS, Saboorian H, et al. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:292-298.
7. Weston SR, Leyden W, Murphy R, et al. Racial and ethnic distribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver in persons with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease. Hepatology 2005;41:372-379.
8. Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Caldwell SH. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: summary of an AASLD Single Topic Conference. Hepatology 2003;37:1202-1219.
9. Sorbi D, McGill DB, Thistle JL, et al. An assessment of the role of liver biopsies in asymptomatic patients with chronic liver test abnormalities. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:3206-3210.
10. Skelly MM, James PD, Ryder SD. Findings on liver biopsy to investigate abnormal liver function tests in the absence of diagnostic serology. J Hepatol 2001;35:195-199.
11. Chen YY, Brunt EM, Jakate SM, et al. Glycogenic hepatopathy: an under-recognized complication of diabetes mellitus. Mod Pathol 2004;17:297A.
12. Harrison SA, Brunt EM, Goodman ZD, et al. Diabetic hepatosclerosis: perisinusoidal hepatic fibrosis without steatohepatitis among diabetics. Hepatology 2003;38:266A.
13. Bacon BR, Farahvash MJ, Janney CG, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis—an expanded clinical entity. Gastroenterology 1994;107:1103-1109.
14. Marchesini G, Bugianesi E, Forlani G, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome. Hepatology 2003;37:917-923.
15. Mofrad P, Contos MJ, Haque M, et al. Clinical and histologic spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with normal ALT values. Hepatology 2003;37:1286-1292.
16. Brunt EM, Ramrakhiani S, Cordes BG, et al. Concurrence of histologic features of steatohepatitis with other forms of chronic liver disease. Mod Pathol 2003;16:49-56.
17. Sanyal AJ, Contos MJ, Sterling RK, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with hepatitis C is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:2064-2071.
18. Ong JP, Younossi ZM, Speer C, et al. Chronic hepatitis C and superimposed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver 2001;21:266-271.
19. Hui JM, Hodge A, Farrell GC, et al. Beyond insulin resistance in NASH: TNF-a or adiponectin? Hepatology 2004;40:46-54.
20. Dixon JB, Bhatal PS, O’Brien PE. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in the severely obese. Gastroenterology 2001;121:91-100.
21. Ratziu V, Giral P, Charlotte F, et al. Liver fibrosis in overweight patients. Gastroenterology 2000;118:1117-1123.
22. Angulo P, Keach JC, Batts KP, et al. Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 1999;30:1356-1362.
23. Evans CDJ, Oien KA, MacSween RNM, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a common cause of advanced liver injury? J Clin Pathol 2002;55:689-692.
24. Fassio E, Alvarez E, Dominguez N, et al. Natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a longitudinal study of repeat liver biopsies. Hepatology 2004;40:820-826.
25. McCullough AJ. Update on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002;34:255-262.
26. Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, Matteoni CA, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;2:262-265.
27. Guido M, Rugge M. Liver biopsy sampling in chronic viral hepatitis. Semin Liver Dis 2004;24:89-97.
28. Ratziu V, Charlotte F, Heurtier A, et al. Sampling variability of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2005;128:1898-1906.
29. Goldstein NS, Hastah F, Galan MV, et al. Fibrosis heterogeneity in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatitis C virus needle core biopsy specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2005;123:382-387.
30. Brunt EM, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Oliver DA, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: histologic features and clinical correlations with 30 blinded biopsies. Hum Pathol 2004;35:1070-1082.
31. Brunt EM. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Semin Liver Dis 2004;24:3-20.
32. Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, Liu YC, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—assessment of variability in pathologic interpretations. Mod Pathol 1998;11:560-565.
33. Kleiner DE, Brunt EM, Van Natta M, et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2005;41:1313-1321.
34. Pagano G, Pacini G, Musso G, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome: further evidence for an etiologic association. Hepatology 2002;35:367-372.
35. Chitturi S, Abeygunasekera S, Farrell GC, et al. NASH and insulin resistance: insulin hypersecretion and specific association with insulin resistance syndrome. Hepatology 2002;35:373-379.
36. Bugianesi E, McCullough AJ, Marchesini G. Insulin resistance: a metabolic pathway to chronic liver disease. Hepatology 2005;42:987-1000.
37. Panel. Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486-2497.
38. Day CP, James OF. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two ‘hits’? Gastroenterology 1998;114:842-845.
39. Day CP. Pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Best Practice Res Clin Gastroenterol 2002;16:663-678.
40. Sreekumar R, Rosado B, Rasmussen D, et al. Hepatic gene expression in histologically progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2003;38:244-251.
41. Seki S, Kitada T, Yamada T, et al. In situ detection of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. J Hepatol 2002;37:56-62.
42. Farrell GC. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: what is it, and why is it important in the Asia-Pacific region? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;18:124-138.
43. Matteoni CA, Younossi ZM, Gramlich T, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology 1999;116:1413-1419.
44. Clouston AD, Powell EE. Interaction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with other liver diseases. Best Practice Res Clin Gastroenterol 2002;16:767-781.
45. Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Brunt EM, Wehmeier KR, et al. Improvement in nonoalcoholic steatohepatitis following 48 weeks of treatment with the PPAR-g ligand rosiglitazone. Hepatology 2003;38:1008-1017.
46. Washington K, Wright K, Shyr Y, et al. Hepatic stellate cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fatty liver. Hum Pathol 2000;31:822-828.
47. Cortez-Pinto H, Baptista A, Camilo ME, et al. Hepatic stellate cell activation occurs in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepato-Gastroenterol 2001;48:87-90.
48. Caldwell SH, Oelsner DH, Iezzoni JC, et al. Cryptogenic cirrhosis: clinical characterization and risk factors for underlying disease. Hepatology 1999;29:664-669.
49. Powell EE, Jonsson JR, Clouston AD. Steatosis: co-factor in other liver diseases. Hepatology 2005;42:5-13.
50. Richardson MM, Jonsson JR, Powell EE, et al. Hepatic progenitor cell expansion and a periportal ductular reaction in NAFLD—relationship with impaired hepatocyte proliferation and fibrosis, and reversal with treatment. Hepatology 2005;42(Suppl 1):611A.
51. Batts KP, Ludwig J. Chronic hepatitis. An update on terminology and reporting. Am J Surg Pathol 1995;19:1409-1417.
52. Brunt EM, Janney CG, Di Bisceglie AM, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:2467-2474.
53. Mendler MH, Kamel G, Govindarajan S. Proposal for a histological scoring and grading system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2005;25:294-304.
54. Brunt EM. Alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin Liver Dis 2002;6:399-420.
55. Goodman ZD, Ishak KG. Occlusive venous lesions in alcoholic liver disease. Gastroenterology 1985;83:786-796.
56. Promrat K, Lutchman G, Uwaifo GI, et al. A pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2004;39:188-196.
57. Dixon JB, Bhatal PS, Hughes NR, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: improvement in liver histological analysis with weight loss. Hepatology 2004;39:1647-1654.
58. Huang MA, Greenson JK, Chao C, et al. One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol 2005;100:1072-1081.
59. Lindor KD, Kowdley KV, Heathcote EJ, et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trial. Hepatology 2004;39:770-778.
60. Schwimmer JB, Behling C, Newbury R, et al. Histopathology of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2005;42:641-649.
61. Kahn R, Buse J, Ferrannini E, et al. The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal. Joint Statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2005;48:1684-1699.