메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 160, Issue , 2007, Pages 287-312

GABAergic circuits in the basal ganglia and movement disorders

Author keywords

GABA receptors; GABAergic neurons; Hemiballism; Huntington's disease; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR; ADENOSINE A2A RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BACLOFEN; BENZODIAZEPINE; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; BUDIPINE; CANNABINOID RECEPTOR; CANNABINOID RECEPTOR AGONIST; CANNABINOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; FLUMAZENIL; GABAPENTIN; ISTRADEFYLLINE; LEVODOPA; MUSCIMOL; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PROGABIDE; TOPIRAMATE; VALPROIC ACID;

EID: 34247866195     PISSN: 00796123     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60017-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (61)

References (270)
  • 1
    • 0024450903 scopus 로고
    • The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
    • Albin R.L., Young A.B., and Penney J.B. The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders. Trends Neurosci. 12 (1989) 366-375
    • (1989) Trends Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 366-375
    • Albin, R.L.1    Young, A.B.2    Penney, J.B.3
  • 2
    • 0029939071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion for symptomatic generalized dystonia
    • (discussion 938-939)
    • Albright A.L., Barry M.J., Fasick P., Barron W., and Shultz B. Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion for symptomatic generalized dystonia. Neurosurgery 38 (1996) 934-938 (discussion 938-939)
    • (1996) Neurosurgery , vol.38 , pp. 934-938
    • Albright, A.L.1    Barry, M.J.2    Fasick, P.3    Barron, W.4    Shultz, B.5
  • 3
    • 0033007505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive dystonia in a child with chromosome 18p deletion, treated with intrathecal baclofen
    • Awaad Y., Munoz S., and Nigro M. Progressive dystonia in a child with chromosome 18p deletion, treated with intrathecal baclofen. J. Child Neurol. 14 (1999) 75-77
    • (1999) J. Child Neurol. , vol.14 , pp. 75-77
    • Awaad, Y.1    Munoz, S.2    Nigro, M.3
  • 4
    • 0026038674 scopus 로고
    • Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus for the alleviation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the primate
    • Aziz T.Z., Peggs D., Sambrook M.A., and Crossman A.R. Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus for the alleviation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the primate. Mov. Disord. 6 (1991) 288-292
    • (1991) Mov. Disord. , vol.6 , pp. 288-292
    • Aziz, T.Z.1    Peggs, D.2    Sambrook, M.A.3    Crossman, A.R.4
  • 7
    • 0032589557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid transport in rat substantia nigra pars reticulata synaptosomes: pharmacological characterization and phorbol ester-induced inhibition
    • Bahena-Trujillo R., and Arias-Montano J.A. [3H] gamma-aminobutyric acid transport in rat substantia nigra pars reticulata synaptosomes: pharmacological characterization and phorbol ester-induced inhibition. Neurosci. Lett. 274 (1999) 119-122
    • (1999) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.274 , pp. 119-122
    • Bahena-Trujillo, R.1    Arias-Montano, J.A.2
  • 10
    • 0037079992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of transient focal inactivation of the basal ganglia in parkinsonian primates
    • Baron M.S., Wichmann T., Ma D., and DeLong M.R. Effects of transient focal inactivation of the basal ganglia in parkinsonian primates. J. Neurosci. 22 (2002) 299-592
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 299-592
    • Baron, M.S.1    Wichmann, T.2    Ma, D.3    DeLong, M.R.4
  • 11
    • 23244437460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional and subtype selective changes of neurotransmitter receptor density in a rat transgenic for the Huntington's disease mutation
    • Bauer A., Zilles K., Matusch A., Holzmann C., Riess O., and von Horsten S. Regional and subtype selective changes of neurotransmitter receptor density in a rat transgenic for the Huntington's disease mutation. J. Neurochem. 94 (2005) 639-650
    • (2005) J. Neurochem. , vol.94 , pp. 639-650
    • Bauer, A.1    Zilles, K.2    Matusch, A.3    Holzmann, C.4    Riess, O.5    von Horsten, S.6
  • 12
    • 24944494797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of excitatory synaptic integration by GABAergic inhibition in the subthalamic nucleus
    • Baufreton J., Atherton J.F., Surmeier D.J., and Bevan M.D. Enhancement of excitatory synaptic integration by GABAergic inhibition in the subthalamic nucleus. J. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 8505-8517
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 8505-8517
    • Baufreton, J.1    Atherton, J.F.2    Surmeier, D.J.3    Bevan, M.D.4
  • 14
    • 0022446150 scopus 로고
    • Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid
    • Beal M.F., Kowall N.W., Ellison D.W., Mazurek M.F., Swartz K.J., and Martin J.B. Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid. Nature 321 (1986) 168-171
    • (1986) Nature , vol.321 , pp. 168-171
    • Beal, M.F.1    Kowall, N.W.2    Ellison, D.W.3    Mazurek, M.F.4    Swartz, K.J.5    Martin, J.B.6
  • 15
    • 0020504682 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological approaches to treatment of hemiballism and hemichorea
    • Becker R.E., and Lal H. Pharmacological approaches to treatment of hemiballism and hemichorea. Brain Res. Bull. 11 (1983) 187-189
    • (1983) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.11 , pp. 187-189
    • Becker, R.E.1    Lal, H.2
  • 16
    • 0006173072 scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of parkinsonian symptoms by inactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in MPTP treated green monkeys
    • Bergman H., Wichmann T., and DeLong M.R. Amelioration of parkinsonian symptoms by inactivation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in MPTP treated green monkeys. Mov. Disord. 5 Suppl. 1 (1990) 79
    • (1990) Mov. Disord. , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 79
    • Bergman, H.1    Wichmann, T.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 17
    • 0025169590 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus
    • Bergman H., Wichmann T., and DeLong M.R. Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus. Science 249 (1990) 1436-1438
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 1436-1438
    • Bergman, H.1    Wichmann, T.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 18
    • 0028021805 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. II. Neuronal activity in the MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • Bergman H., Wichmann T., Karmon B., and DeLong M.R. The primate subthalamic nucleus. II. Neuronal activity in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol. 72 (1994) 507-520
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 507-520
    • Bergman, H.1    Wichmann, T.2    Karmon, B.3    DeLong, M.R.4
  • 20
    • 0033555825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode
    • Beurrier C., Congar P., Bioulac B., and Hammond C. Subthalamic nucleus neurons switch from single-spike activity to burst-firing mode. J. Neurosci. 19 (1999) 599-609
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 599-609
    • Beurrier, C.1    Congar, P.2    Bioulac, B.3    Hammond, C.4
  • 21
    • 0036774049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus-external globus pallidus network
    • Bevan M.D., Magill P.J., Terman D., Bolam J.P., and Wilson C.J. Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus-external globus pallidus network. Trends Neurosci. 25 (2002) 525-531
    • (2002) Trends Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 525-531
    • Bevan, M.D.1    Magill, P.J.2    Terman, D.3    Bolam, J.P.4    Wilson, C.J.5
  • 22
    • 0042141599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A2A antagonist prevents dopamine agonist-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson's disease [see comment]
    • Bibbiani F., Oh J.D., Petzer J.P., Castagnoli Jr. N., Chen J.F., Schwarzschild M.A., and Chase T.N. A2A antagonist prevents dopamine agonist-induced motor complications in animal models of Parkinson's disease [see comment]. Exp. Neurol. 184 (2003) 285-294
    • (2003) Exp. Neurol. , vol.184 , pp. 285-294
    • Bibbiani, F.1    Oh, J.D.2    Petzer, J.P.3    Castagnoli Jr., N.4    Chen, J.F.5    Schwarzschild, M.A.6    Chase, T.N.7
  • 23
    • 1642505780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mRNA regulation in two globus pallidus neuron populations by dopamine and the subthalamic nucleus
    • Billings L.M., and Marshall J.F. Glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mRNA regulation in two globus pallidus neuron populations by dopamine and the subthalamic nucleus. J. Neurosci. 24 (2004) 3094-3103
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 3094-3103
    • Billings, L.M.1    Marshall, J.F.2
  • 24
    • 0023855482 scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease: studies on brain free amino acids
    • Bonilla E., Prasad A.L., and Arrieta A. Huntington's disease: studies on brain free amino acids. Life Science 42 (1988) 1153-1158
    • (1988) Life Science , vol.42 , pp. 1153-1158
    • Bonilla, E.1    Prasad, A.L.2    Arrieta, A.3
  • 25
    • 0034101465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ratio of inhibited-to-activated pallidal neurons decreases dramatically during passive limb movement in the MPTP-treated monkey
    • Boraud T., Bezard E., Bioulac B., and Gross C.E. Ratio of inhibited-to-activated pallidal neurons decreases dramatically during passive limb movement in the MPTP-treated monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 83 (2000) 1760-1763
    • (2000) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.83 , pp. 1760-1763
    • Boraud, T.1    Bezard, E.2    Bioulac, B.3    Gross, C.E.4
  • 27
    • 0032755173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and anatomical changes in the striatum and substantia nigra following quinolinic acid lesions in the striatum of the rat: a detailed time course of the cellular and GABA(A) receptor changes
    • Brickell K.L., Nicholson L.F., Waldvogel H.J., and Faull R.L. Chemical and anatomical changes in the striatum and substantia nigra following quinolinic acid lesions in the striatum of the rat: a detailed time course of the cellular and GABA(A) receptor changes. J. Chem. Neuroanat. 17 (1999) 75-97
    • (1999) J. Chem. Neuroanat. , vol.17 , pp. 75-97
    • Brickell, K.L.1    Nicholson, L.F.2    Waldvogel, H.J.3    Faull, R.L.4
  • 28
    • 0028870569 scopus 로고
    • The role of the basal ganglia in motor control: contributions from PET
    • Brooks D.J. The role of the basal ganglia in motor control: contributions from PET. J. Neurol. Sci. 128 (1995) 1-13
    • (1995) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.128 , pp. 1-13
    • Brooks, D.J.1
  • 29
    • 0032815680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replicating Huntington's disease phenotype in experimental animals
    • Brouillet E., Conde F., Beal M.F., and Hantraye P. Replicating Huntington's disease phenotype in experimental animals. Prog. Neurobiol. 59 (1999) 427-468
    • (1999) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.59 , pp. 427-468
    • Brouillet, E.1    Conde, F.2    Beal, M.F.3    Hantraye, P.4
  • 30
    • 0037733007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillatory nature of human basal ganglia activity: relationship to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease
    • Brown P. Oscillatory nature of human basal ganglia activity: relationship to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 18 (2003) 357-363
    • (2003) Mov. Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 357-363
    • Brown, P.1
  • 31
    • 0032484490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement disorders induced by gamma-aminobutyric agonist and antagonist injections into the internal globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata of the monkey
    • Burbaud P., Bonnet B., Guehl D., Lagueny A., and Bioulac B. Movement disorders induced by gamma-aminobutyric agonist and antagonist injections into the internal globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata of the monkey. Brain Res. 780 (1998) 102-107
    • (1998) Brain Res. , vol.780 , pp. 102-107
    • Burbaud, P.1    Bonnet, B.2    Guehl, D.3    Lagueny, A.4    Bioulac, B.5
  • 32
    • 0001496694 scopus 로고
    • A primate model of parkinsonism: selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Burns R.S., Chiueh C.C., Markey S.P., Ebert M.H., Jacobowitz D.M., and Kopin I.J. A primate model of parkinsonism: selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80 (1983) 4546-4550
    • (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.80 , pp. 4546-4550
    • Burns, R.S.1    Chiueh, C.C.2    Markey, S.P.3    Ebert, M.H.4    Jacobowitz, D.M.5    Kopin, I.J.6
  • 33
    • 0036767998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa response motor complications-GABA receptors and preproenkephalin expression in human brain
    • Calon F., and Di Paolo T. Levodopa response motor complications-GABA receptors and preproenkephalin expression in human brain. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 8 (2002) 449-454
    • (2002) Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. , vol.8 , pp. 449-454
    • Calon, F.1    Di Paolo, T.2
  • 34
    • 0029076807 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa or D2 agonist induced dyskinesia in MPTP monkeys: correlation with changes in dopamine and GABAA receptors in the striatopallidal complex
    • Calon F., Goulet M., Blanchet P.J., Martel J.C., Piercey M.F., Bédard P.J., and Di Paolo T. Levodopa or D2 agonist induced dyskinesia in MPTP monkeys: correlation with changes in dopamine and GABAA receptors in the striatopallidal complex. Brain Res. 680 (1995) 43-52
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.680 , pp. 43-52
    • Calon, F.1    Goulet, M.2    Blanchet, P.J.3    Martel, J.C.4    Piercey, M.F.5    Bédard, P.J.6    Di Paolo, T.7
  • 35
    • 0035372037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of MPTP-induced denervation on basal ganglia GABA(B) receptors: correlation with dopamine concentrations and dopamine transporter
    • Calon F., Lavertu N., Lemieux A.M., Morissette M., Goulet M., Grondin R., Blanchet P.J., Bedard P.J., and Di Paolo T. Effect of MPTP-induced denervation on basal ganglia GABA(B) receptors: correlation with dopamine concentrations and dopamine transporter. Synapse 40 (2001) 225-234
    • (2001) Synapse , vol.40 , pp. 225-234
    • Calon, F.1    Lavertu, N.2    Lemieux, A.M.3    Morissette, M.4    Goulet, M.5    Grondin, R.6    Blanchet, P.J.7    Bedard, P.J.8    Di Paolo, T.9
  • 36
    • 0033009422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic D1 and D2 dopaminomimetic treatment of MPTP-denervated monkeys: effects on basal ganglia GABA(A)/benzodiazepine receptor complex and GABA content
    • Calon F., Morissette M., Goulet M., Grondin R., Blanchet P.J., Bedard P.J., and Di Paolo T. Chronic D1 and D2 dopaminomimetic treatment of MPTP-denervated monkeys: effects on basal ganglia GABA(A)/benzodiazepine receptor complex and GABA content. Neurochem. Int. 35 (1999) 81-91
    • (1999) Neurochem. Int. , vol.35 , pp. 81-91
    • Calon, F.1    Morissette, M.2    Goulet, M.3    Grondin, R.4    Blanchet, P.J.5    Bedard, P.J.6    Di Paolo, T.7
  • 37
    • 0033624807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 125I-CGP 64213 binding to GABA(B) receptors in the brain of monkeys: effect of MPTP and dopaminomimetic treatments
    • Calon F., Morissette M., Goulet M., Grondin R., Blanchet P.J., Bedard P.J., and Di Paolo T. 125I-CGP 64213 binding to GABA(B) receptors in the brain of monkeys: effect of MPTP and dopaminomimetic treatments. Exp. Neurol. 163 (2000) 191-199
    • (2000) Exp. Neurol. , vol.163 , pp. 191-199
    • Calon, F.1    Morissette, M.2    Goulet, M.3    Grondin, R.4    Blanchet, P.J.5    Bedard, P.J.6    Di Paolo, T.7
  • 38
    • 0037354398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of GABA receptors and dopamine turnover in the postmortem brains of parkinsonians with levodopa-induced motor complications
    • Calon F., Morissette M., Rajput A.H., Hornykiewicz O., Bedard P.J., and Di Paolo T. Changes of GABA receptors and dopamine turnover in the postmortem brains of parkinsonians with levodopa-induced motor complications. Mov. Disord. 18 (2003) 241-253
    • (2003) Mov. Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 241-253
    • Calon, F.1    Morissette, M.2    Rajput, A.H.3    Hornykiewicz, O.4    Bedard, P.J.5    Di Paolo, T.6
  • 39
    • 0038094518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain implantations of engineered GABA-releasing cells suppress tremor in an animal model of Parkinsonism
    • Carlson B.B., Behrstock S., Tobin A.J., and Salamone J.D. Brain implantations of engineered GABA-releasing cells suppress tremor in an animal model of Parkinsonism. Neuroscience 119 (2003) 927-932
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.119 , pp. 927-932
    • Carlson, B.B.1    Behrstock, S.2    Tobin, A.J.3    Salamone, J.D.4
  • 40
    • 0009639384 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of choreoid hyperkinesia in the rhesus monkey: surgical and pharmacological analysis of hyperkinesia resulting from lesions in the subthalamic nucleus of Luys
    • Carpenter M.B., Whittier J.R., and Mettler F.A. Analysis of choreoid hyperkinesia in the rhesus monkey: surgical and pharmacological analysis of hyperkinesia resulting from lesions in the subthalamic nucleus of Luys. J. Comp. Neurol. 92 (1950) 293-332
    • (1950) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.92 , pp. 293-332
    • Carpenter, M.B.1    Whittier, J.R.2    Mettler, F.A.3
  • 41
    • 0034932024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in GAD67, dynorphin and enkephalin mRNA in striatal output neurons following priming in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease
    • Carta A., Fenu S., and Morelli M. Alterations in GAD67, dynorphin and enkephalin mRNA in striatal output neurons following priming in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease. Neurol. Sci. 22 (2001) 59-60
    • (2001) Neurol. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 59-60
    • Carta, A.1    Fenu, S.2    Morelli, M.3
  • 42
    • 0018875644 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine, acetylcholine, and GABA effects in acute dystonia in primates
    • Casey D.E., Gerlach J., and Christensson E. Dopamine, acetylcholine, and GABA effects in acute dystonia in primates. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 70 (1980) 83-87
    • (1980) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.70 , pp. 83-87
    • Casey, D.E.1    Gerlach, J.2    Christensson, E.3
  • 43
    • 0031925945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat is associated with striatal overexpression of prodynorphin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA
    • Cenci M.A., Lee C.S., and Bjorklund A. L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat is associated with striatal overexpression of prodynorphin- and glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10 (1998) 2694-2706
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2694-2706
    • Cenci, M.A.1    Lee, C.S.2    Bjorklund, A.3
  • 44
    • 20444367602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal sensitivity to cannabinoid receptor stimulation might contribute to altered gamma-aminobutyric acid transmission in the striatum of R6/2 Huntington's disease mice
    • Centonze D., Rossi S., Prosperetti C., Tscherter A., Bernardi G., Maccarrone M., and Calabresi P. Abnormal sensitivity to cannabinoid receptor stimulation might contribute to altered gamma-aminobutyric acid transmission in the striatum of R6/2 Huntington's disease mice. Biol. Psychiatry 57 (2005) 1583-1589
    • (2005) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 1583-1589
    • Centonze, D.1    Rossi, S.2    Prosperetti, C.3    Tscherter, A.4    Bernardi, G.5    Maccarrone, M.6    Calabresi, P.7
  • 46
    • 0032702244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway on GABA(A) receptor subunit gene expression in the rodent basal ganglia and thalamus
    • Chadha A., Dawson L.G., Jenner P.G., and Duty S. Effect of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway on GABA(A) receptor subunit gene expression in the rodent basal ganglia and thalamus. Neuroscience 95 (2000) 119-126
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.95 , pp. 119-126
    • Chadha, A.1    Dawson, L.G.2    Jenner, P.G.3    Duty, S.4
  • 47
    • 0034678144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3H]Ro 15-1788 binding in rat globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata following a nigrostriatal tract lesion
    • 3H]Ro 15-1788 binding in rat globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata following a nigrostriatal tract lesion. Brain Res. 862 (2000) 280-283
    • (2000) Brain Res. , vol.862 , pp. 280-283
    • Chadha, A.1    Howell, O.2    Atack, J.R.3    Sur, C.4    Duty, S.5
  • 48
    • 0019964727 scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of hemiballismus with sodium valproate
    • Chandra V., Wharton S., and Spunt A.L. Amelioration of hemiballismus with sodium valproate. Ann. Neurol. 12 (1982) 407
    • (1982) Ann. Neurol. , vol.12 , pp. 407
    • Chandra, V.1    Wharton, S.2    Spunt, A.L.3
  • 49
    • 0033677879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal dopamine- and glutamate-mediated dysregulation in experimental parkinsonism
    • Chase T.N., and Oh J.D. Striatal dopamine- and glutamate-mediated dysregulation in experimental parkinsonism. Trends Neurosci. 23 (2000) S86-S91
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci. , vol.23
    • Chase, T.N.1    Oh, J.D.2
  • 50
    • 0036868953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemiballism after subthalamotomy in patients with Parkinson's disease: report of 2 cases
    • Chen C.C., Lee S.T., Wu T., Chen C.J., Huang C.C., and Lu C.S. Hemiballism after subthalamotomy in patients with Parkinson's disease: report of 2 cases. Mov. Disord. 17 (2002) 1367-1371
    • (2002) Mov. Disord. , vol.17 , pp. 1367-1371
    • Chen, C.C.1    Lee, S.T.2    Wu, T.3    Chen, C.J.4    Huang, C.C.5    Lu, C.S.6
  • 51
    • 0036653659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal striatal transplants restore electrophysiological sensitivity to dopamine in the lesioned striatum of rats with experimental Huntington's disease
    • Chen G.J., Jeng C.H., Lin S.Z., Tsai S.H., Wang Y., and Chiang Y.H. Fetal striatal transplants restore electrophysiological sensitivity to dopamine in the lesioned striatum of rats with experimental Huntington's disease. J. Biomed. Sci. 9 (2002) 303-310
    • (2002) J. Biomed. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 303-310
    • Chen, G.J.1    Jeng, C.H.2    Lin, S.Z.3    Tsai, S.H.4    Wang, Y.5    Chiang, Y.H.6
  • 52
    • 0141788196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the GABA-uptake inhibitor tiagabine in rat globus pallidus
    • Chen L., and Yung W.H. Effects of the GABA-uptake inhibitor tiagabine in rat globus pallidus. Exp. Brain Res. 152 (2003) 263-269
    • (2003) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.152 , pp. 263-269
    • Chen, L.1    Yung, W.H.2
  • 53
    • 0031748880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal dystonia and repetitive motion disorders
    • Chen R., and Hallett M. Focal dystonia and repetitive motion disorders. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 351 (1998) 102-106
    • (1998) Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. , vol.351 , pp. 102-106
    • Chen, R.1    Hallett, M.2
  • 54
    • 0030680108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabapentin for familial paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis
    • Chudnow R.S., Mimbela R.A., Owen D.B., and Roach E.S. Gabapentin for familial paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis. Neurology 49 (1997) 1441-1442
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.49 , pp. 1441-1442
    • Chudnow, R.S.1    Mimbela, R.A.2    Owen, D.B.3    Roach, E.S.4
  • 55
    • 0033736901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical anatomy of striatal interneurons in normal individuals and in patients with Huntington's disease
    • Cicchetti F., Prensa L., Wu Y., and Parent A. Chemical anatomy of striatal interneurons in normal individuals and in patients with Huntington's disease. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 34 (2000) 80-101
    • (2000) Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. , vol.34 , pp. 80-101
    • Cicchetti, F.1    Prensa, L.2    Wu, Y.3    Parent, A.4
  • 56
    • 0019793822 scopus 로고
    • Substantia nigra gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors in Huntington's disease
    • Cross A.J., and Waddington J.L. Substantia nigra gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors in Huntington's disease. J. Neurochem. 37 (1981) 321-324
    • (1981) J. Neurochem. , vol.37 , pp. 321-324
    • Cross, A.J.1    Waddington, J.L.2
  • 57
    • 0021849088 scopus 로고
    • Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the macaque monkey
    • Crossman A.R., Mitchell I.J., and Sambrook M.A. Regional brain uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism in the macaque monkey. Neuropharmacology 24 (1985) 587-591
    • (1985) Neuropharmacology , vol.24 , pp. 587-591
    • Crossman, A.R.1    Mitchell, I.J.2    Sambrook, M.A.3
  • 58
    • 0344069685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional characterization and expression of thalamic GABA(B) receptors in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease
    • de Groote C., Wullner U., Lochmann P.A., Luiten P.G., and Klockgether T. Functional characterization and expression of thalamic GABA(B) receptors in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology 38 (1999) 1683-1689
    • (1999) Neuropharmacology , vol.38 , pp. 1683-1689
    • de Groote, C.1    Wullner, U.2    Lochmann, P.A.3    Luiten, P.G.4    Klockgether, T.5
  • 59
    • 0028949822 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in rat pallidum: comparison of the effects of haloperidol, clozapine and combined haloperidol-scopolamine treatments
    • Delfs J.M., Anegawa N.J., and Chesselet M.F. Glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in rat pallidum: comparison of the effects of haloperidol, clozapine and combined haloperidol-scopolamine treatments. Neuroscience 66 (1995) 67-80
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.66 , pp. 67-80
    • Delfs, J.M.1    Anegawa, N.J.2    Chesselet, M.F.3
  • 60
    • 0025298139 scopus 로고
    • Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin
    • DeLong M.R. Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. Trends Neurosci. 13 (1990) 281-285
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 281-285
    • DeLong, M.R.1
  • 63
    • 0036102577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The globus pallidus, deep brain stimulation, and Parkinson's disease
    • Dostrovsky J.O., Hutchison W.D., and Lozano A.M. The globus pallidus, deep brain stimulation, and Parkinson's disease. Neuroscientist 8 (2002) 284-290
    • (2002) Neuroscientist , vol.8 , pp. 284-290
    • Dostrovsky, J.O.1    Hutchison, W.D.2    Lozano, A.M.3
  • 64
    • 21544483187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemichorea-hemiballismus may respond to topiramate
    • Driver-Dunckley E., and Evidente V.G. Hemichorea-hemiballismus may respond to topiramate. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 28 (2005) 142-144
    • (2005) Clin. Neuropharmacol. , vol.28 , pp. 142-144
    • Driver-Dunckley, E.1    Evidente, V.G.2
  • 66
    • 15444378095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell therapy in Huntington's disease
    • Dunnett S.B., and Rosser A.E. Cell therapy in Huntington's disease. NeuroRx 1 (2004) 394-405
    • (2004) NeuroRx , vol.1 , pp. 394-405
    • Dunnett, S.B.1    Rosser, A.E.2
  • 68
    • 0023633397 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid neurotransmitter abnormalities in Huntington's disease and the quinolinic acid animal model of Huntington's disease
    • Ellison D.W., Beal M.F., Mazurek M.F., Malloy J.R., Bird E.D., and Martin J.B. Amino acid neurotransmitter abnormalities in Huntington's disease and the quinolinic acid animal model of Huntington's disease. Brain 110 Pt 6 (1987) 1657-1673
    • (1987) Brain , vol.110 , Issue.PART 6 , pp. 1657-1673
    • Ellison, D.W.1    Beal, M.F.2    Mazurek, M.F.3    Malloy, J.R.4    Bird, E.D.5    Martin, J.B.6
  • 69
    • 0023205629 scopus 로고
    • Systemic therapy of dystonia
    • Fahn S. Systemic therapy of dystonia. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 14 (1987) 528-532
    • (1987) Can. J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 528-532
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 70
    • 0027396021 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxin lesions in primates as a model for Huntington's disease: histopathologic and neurochemical characterization
    • Ferrante R.J., Kowall N.W., Cipolloni P.B., Storey E., and Beal M.F. Excitotoxin lesions in primates as a model for Huntington's disease: histopathologic and neurochemical characterization. Exp. Neurol. 119 (1993) 46-71
    • (1993) Exp. Neurol. , vol.119 , pp. 46-71
    • Ferrante, R.J.1    Kowall, N.W.2    Cipolloni, P.B.3    Storey, E.4    Beal, M.F.5
  • 71
    • 0023874623 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal influences of passive limb movement on the activity of globus pallidus neurons in parkinsonian monkeys
    • Filion M., Tremblay L., and Bedard P.J. Abnormal influences of passive limb movement on the activity of globus pallidus neurons in parkinsonian monkeys. Brain Res. 444 (1988) 165-176
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.444 , pp. 165-176
    • Filion, M.1    Tremblay, L.2    Bedard, P.J.3
  • 73
    • 0027343340 scopus 로고
    • Similarities and differences between MPTP-induced parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease
    • Forno L.S., DeLanney L.E., Irwin I., and Langston J.W. Similarities and differences between MPTP-induced parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease. Adv. Neurol. 60 (1993) 600-608
    • (1993) Adv. Neurol. , vol.60 , pp. 600-608
    • Forno, L.S.1    DeLanney, L.E.2    Irwin, I.3    Langston, J.W.4
  • 74
    • 0036868444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of cannabinoid receptors reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesia in the MPTP-lesioned nonhuman primate model of Parkinson's disease
    • Fox S.H., Henry B., Hill M., Crossman A., and Brotchie J. Stimulation of cannabinoid receptors reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesia in the MPTP-lesioned nonhuman primate model of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 17 (2002) 1180-1187
    • (2002) Mov. Disord. , vol.17 , pp. 1180-1187
    • Fox, S.H.1    Henry, B.2    Hill, M.3    Crossman, A.4    Brotchie, J.5
  • 75
    • 0021178236 scopus 로고
    • A Golgi analysis of the primate globus pallidus. I. Inconstant processes of large neurons, other neuronal types, and afferent axons
    • Francois C., Percheron G., Yelnik J., and Heyner S. A Golgi analysis of the primate globus pallidus. I. Inconstant processes of large neurons, other neuronal types, and afferent axons. J. Comp. Neurol. 227 (1984) 182-199
    • (1984) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.227 , pp. 182-199
    • Francois, C.1    Percheron, G.2    Yelnik, J.3    Heyner, S.4
  • 76
    • 0037025036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional decreases in NK-3, but not NK-1 tachykinin receptor binding in dystonic hamster (dt(sz)) brains
    • Friedman Y., Richter A., Raymond R., Loscher W., and Nobrega J.N. Regional decreases in NK-3, but not NK-1 tachykinin receptor binding in dystonic hamster (dt(sz)) brains. Neuroscience 112 (2002) 639-645
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.112 , pp. 639-645
    • Friedman, Y.1    Richter, A.2    Raymond, R.3    Loscher, W.4    Nobrega, J.N.5
  • 77
    • 0036460139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptic localization of GABA(A) receptor subunits in the substantia nigra of the rat: effects of quinolinic acid lesions of the striatum
    • Fujiyama F., Stephenson F.A., and Bolam J.P. Synaptic localization of GABA(A) receptor subunits in the substantia nigra of the rat: effects of quinolinic acid lesions of the striatum. Eur. J. Neurosci. 15 (2002) 1961-1975
    • (2002) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 1961-1975
    • Fujiyama, F.1    Stephenson, F.A.2    Bolam, J.P.3
  • 80
    • 0041317103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions on the release of amino acids in the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia: a dual microdialysis probe analysis
    • Galeffi F., Bianchi L., Bolam J.P., and Della Corte L. The effect of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions on the release of amino acids in the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia: a dual microdialysis probe analysis. Eur. J. Neurosci. 18 (2003) 856-868
    • (2003) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 856-868
    • Galeffi, F.1    Bianchi, L.2    Bolam, J.P.3    Della Corte, L.4
  • 81
    • 23044512618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic modulation of the activity of globus pallidus neurons in primates: in vivo analysis of the functions of GABA receptors and GABA transporters
    • Galvan A., Villalba R.M., West S.M., Maidment N.T., Ackerson L.C., Smith Y., and Wichmann T. GABAergic modulation of the activity of globus pallidus neurons in primates: in vivo analysis of the functions of GABA receptors and GABA transporters. J. Neurophysiol. 94 (2005) 990-1000
    • (2005) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.94 , pp. 990-1000
    • Galvan, A.1    Villalba, R.M.2    West, S.M.3    Maidment, N.T.4    Ackerson, L.C.5    Smith, Y.6    Wichmann, T.7
  • 82
    • 33749060985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillations in the basal ganglia under normal conditions and in movement disorders
    • Gatev P., Darbin O., and Wichmann T. Oscillations in the basal ganglia under normal conditions and in movement disorders. Mov. Disord. 21 (2006) 1566-1577
    • (2006) Mov. Disord. , vol.21 , pp. 1566-1577
    • Gatev, P.1    Darbin, O.2    Wichmann, T.3
  • 83
    • 33646177621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in arousal alter neuronal activity in primate basal ganglia
    • Gatev P.G., and Wichmann T. Changes in arousal alter neuronal activity in primate basal ganglia. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 29 (2003)
    • (2003) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.29
    • Gatev, P.G.1    Wichmann, T.2
  • 85
    • 0030602076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A post mortem study on neurochemical markers of dopaminergic, GABA-ergic and glutamatergic neurons in basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in Parkinson syndrome
    • Gerlach M., Gsell W., Kornhuber J., Jellinger K., Krieger V., Pantucek F., Vock R., and Riederer P. A post mortem study on neurochemical markers of dopaminergic, GABA-ergic and glutamatergic neurons in basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in Parkinson syndrome. Brain Res. 741 (1996) 142-152
    • (1996) Brain Res. , vol.741 , pp. 142-152
    • Gerlach, M.1    Gsell, W.2    Kornhuber, J.3    Jellinger, K.4    Krieger, V.5    Pantucek, F.6    Vock, R.7    Riederer, P.8
  • 86
    • 0037104726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered discharge pattern of basal ganglia output neurons in an animal model of idiopathic dystonia
    • Gernert M., Bennay M., Fedrowitz M., Rehders J.H., and Richter A. Altered discharge pattern of basal ganglia output neurons in an animal model of idiopathic dystonia. J. Neurosci. 22 (2002) 7244-7253
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 7244-7253
    • Gernert, M.1    Bennay, M.2    Fedrowitz, M.3    Rehders, J.H.4    Richter, A.5
  • 87
    • 0033550917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in spontaneous single unit activity of striatal subdivisions during ontogenesis in mutant dystonic hamsters
    • Gernert M., Richter A., and Loscher W. Alterations in spontaneous single unit activity of striatal subdivisions during ontogenesis in mutant dystonic hamsters. Brain Res. 821 (1999) 277-285
    • (1999) Brain Res. , vol.821 , pp. 277-285
    • Gernert, M.1    Richter, A.2    Loscher, W.3
  • 88
    • 0033568510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo extracellular electrophysiology of pallidal neurons in dystonic and nondystonic hamsters
    • Gernert M., Richter A., and Loscher W. In vivo extracellular electrophysiology of pallidal neurons in dystonic and nondystonic hamsters. J. Neurosci. Res. 57 (1999) 894-905
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.57 , pp. 894-905
    • Gernert, M.1    Richter, A.2    Loscher, W.3
  • 89
    • 0031936375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy using individual variations of anatomic landmarks for localization
    • Giller C.A., Dewey R.B., Ginsburg M.I., Mendelsohn D.B., and Berk A.M. Stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy using individual variations of anatomic landmarks for localization. Neurosurgery 42 (1998) 56-62
    • (1998) Neurosurgery , vol.42 , pp. 56-62
    • Giller, C.A.1    Dewey, R.B.2    Ginsburg, M.I.3    Mendelsohn, D.B.4    Berk, A.M.5
  • 90
    • 0025077291 scopus 로고
    • Neural grafts and pharmacological intervention in a model of Huntington's disease
    • Giordano M., Ford L.M., Shipley M.T., and Sanberg P.R. Neural grafts and pharmacological intervention in a model of Huntington's disease. Brain Res. Bull. 25 (1990) 453-465
    • (1990) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.25 , pp. 453-465
    • Giordano, M.1    Ford, L.M.2    Shipley, M.T.3    Sanberg, P.R.4
  • 91
    • 0034081681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pattern of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease: a comparative study of cannabinoid, dopamine, adenosine and GABA(A) receptor alterations in the human basal ganglia in Huntington's disease
    • Glass M., Dragunow M., and Faull R.L. The pattern of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease: a comparative study of cannabinoid, dopamine, adenosine and GABA(A) receptor alterations in the human basal ganglia in Huntington's disease. Neuroscience 97 (2000) 505-519
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.97 , pp. 505-519
    • Glass, M.1    Dragunow, M.2    Faull, R.L.3
  • 92
    • 0027486763 scopus 로고
    • Chronic continuous and intermittent L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine treatments differentially affect basal ganglia function in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats-an autoradiographic study using [3 H]flunitrazepam
    • Gnanalingham K.K., and Robertson R.G. Chronic continuous and intermittent L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine treatments differentially affect basal ganglia function in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats-an autoradiographic study using [3 H]flunitrazepam. Neuroscience 57 (1993) 673-681
    • (1993) Neuroscience , vol.57 , pp. 673-681
    • Gnanalingham, K.K.1    Robertson, R.G.2
  • 93
    • 0029598856 scopus 로고
    • Building action repertoires: memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia
    • Graybiel A.M. Building action repertoires: memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia. Curr. Op. Neurobiol. 5 (1995) 733-741
    • (1995) Curr. Op. Neurobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 733-741
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 94
    • 0025647140 scopus 로고
    • Changes in benzodiazepine and acetylcholine receptors in the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease
    • Griffiths P.D., Sambrook M.A., Perry R., and Crossman A.R. Changes in benzodiazepine and acetylcholine receptors in the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Sci. 100 (1990) 131-136
    • (1990) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.100 , pp. 131-136
    • Griffiths, P.D.1    Sambrook, M.A.2    Perry, R.3    Crossman, A.R.4
  • 95
    • 0019984570 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of the substantia nigra pars reticulata projection neurons intracellularly labelled with HRP
    • Grofova I., Deniau J.M., and Kitai S.T. Morphology of the substantia nigra pars reticulata projection neurons intracellularly labelled with HRP. J. Comp. Neurol. 208 (1982) 352-368
    • (1982) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.208 , pp. 352-368
    • Grofova, I.1    Deniau, J.M.2    Kitai, S.T.3
  • 96
    • 0027480960 scopus 로고
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes
    • Group H.s.D.C.R. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell 72 (1993) 971-983
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 971-983
    • Group, H.s.D.C.R.1
  • 97
    • 0034084883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicuculline injections into the rostral and caudal motor thalamus of the monkey induce different types of dystonia
    • Guehl D., Burbaud P., Boraud T., and Bioulac B. Bicuculline injections into the rostral and caudal motor thalamus of the monkey induce different types of dystonia. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12 (2000) 1033-1037
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 1033-1037
    • Guehl, D.1    Burbaud, P.2    Boraud, T.3    Bioulac, B.4
  • 98
    • 0034463119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paroxysmal dystonia induced by exercise and acetazolamide
    • Guimaraes J., and Vale Santos J. Paroxysmal dystonia induced by exercise and acetazolamide. Eur. J. Neurol. 7 (2000) 237-240
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurol. , vol.7 , pp. 237-240
    • Guimaraes, J.1    Vale Santos, J.2
  • 100
    • 0035191264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subthalamic nucleus, hemiballismus and Parkinson's disease: reappraisal of a neurosurgical dogma
    • Guridi J., and Obeso J.A. The subthalamic nucleus, hemiballismus and Parkinson's disease: reappraisal of a neurosurgical dogma. Brain 124 (2001) 5-19
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 5-19
    • Guridi, J.1    Obeso, J.A.2
  • 101
    • 21844434681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globus pallidus neurons dynamically regulate the activity pattern of subthalamic nucleus neurons through the frequency-dependent activation of postsynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors
    • Hallworth N.E., and Bevan M.D. Globus pallidus neurons dynamically regulate the activity pattern of subthalamic nucleus neurons through the frequency-dependent activation of postsynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors. J. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 6304-6315
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 6304-6315
    • Hallworth, N.E.1    Bevan, M.D.2
  • 102
    • 0026460731 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding
    • Hamada I., and DeLong M.R. Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding. J. Neurophysiol. 68 (1992) 1859-1866
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.68 , pp. 1859-1866
    • Hamada, I.1    DeLong, M.R.2
  • 103
    • 0018085227 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey
    • Hartmann-von Monakow K., Akert K., and Kunzle H. Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 33 (1978) 395-403
    • (1978) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.33 , pp. 395-403
    • Hartmann-von Monakow, K.1    Akert, K.2    Kunzle, H.3
  • 104
    • 0037338225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the firing pattern of pallidal neurons
    • Hashimoto T., Elder C.M., Okun M.S., Patrick S.K., and Vitek J.L. Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus changes the firing pattern of pallidal neurons. J. Neurosci. 23 (2003) 1916-1923
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 1916-1923
    • Hashimoto, T.1    Elder, C.M.2    Okun, M.S.3    Patrick, S.K.4    Vitek, J.L.5
  • 105
    • 0043126954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of the adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist istradefylline in advanced PD
    • Hauser R.A., Hubble J.P., and Truong D.D. Randomized trial of the adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist istradefylline in advanced PD. Neurology 61 (2003) 297-303
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 297-303
    • Hauser, R.A.1    Hubble, J.P.2    Truong, D.D.3
  • 106
    • 0029690503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA expression in medial and lateral pallidal neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey and patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Herrero M.T., Levy R., Ruberg M., Javoy-Agid F., Luquin M.R., Agid Y., Hirsch E.C., and Obeso J.A. Glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA expression in medial and lateral pallidal neurons in the MPTP-treated monkey and patients with Parkinson's disease. Adv. Neurol. 69 (1996) 209-216
    • (1996) Adv. Neurol. , vol.69 , pp. 209-216
    • Herrero, M.T.1    Levy, R.2    Ruberg, M.3    Javoy-Agid, F.4    Luquin, M.R.5    Agid, Y.6    Hirsch, E.C.7    Obeso, J.A.8
  • 109
    • 0029919142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the control of arm position, movement, and thalamic discharge during local inactivation in the globus pallidus of the monkey
    • Inase M., Buford J.A., and Anderson M.E. Changes in the control of arm position, movement, and thalamic discharge during local inactivation in the globus pallidus of the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 75 (1996) 1087-1104
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.75 , pp. 1087-1104
    • Inase, M.1    Buford, J.A.2    Anderson, M.E.3
  • 110
    • 0022323862 scopus 로고
    • Neural grafting in a rat model of Huntington's disease: progressive neurochemical changes after neostriatal ibotenate lesions and striatal tissue grafting
    • Isacson O., Brundin P., Gage F.H., and Bjorklund A. Neural grafting in a rat model of Huntington's disease: progressive neurochemical changes after neostriatal ibotenate lesions and striatal tissue grafting. Neuroscience 16 (1985) 799-817
    • (1985) Neuroscience , vol.16 , pp. 799-817
    • Isacson, O.1    Brundin, P.2    Gage, F.H.3    Bjorklund, A.4
  • 111
    • 0021226160 scopus 로고
    • Functional neuronal replacement by grafted striatal neurones in the ibotenic acid-lesioned rat striatum
    • Isacson O., Brundin P., Kelly P.A., Gage F.H., and Bjorklund A. Functional neuronal replacement by grafted striatal neurones in the ibotenic acid-lesioned rat striatum. Nature 311 (1984) 458-460
    • (1984) Nature , vol.311 , pp. 458-460
    • Isacson, O.1    Brundin, P.2    Kelly, P.A.3    Gage, F.H.4    Bjorklund, A.5
  • 112
    • 0024533531 scopus 로고
    • A primate model of Huntington's disease: cross-species implantation of striatal precursor cells to the excitotoxically lesioned baboon caudate-putamen
    • Isacson O., Riche D., Hantraye P., Sofroniew M.V., and Maziere M. A primate model of Huntington's disease: cross-species implantation of striatal precursor cells to the excitotoxically lesioned baboon caudate-putamen. Exp. Brain Res. 75 (1989) 213-220
    • (1989) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.75 , pp. 213-220
    • Isacson, O.1    Riche, D.2    Hantraye, P.3    Sofroniew, M.V.4    Maziere, M.5
  • 113
    • 21244440664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Istradefylline, a novel adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Jenner P. Istradefylline, a novel adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 14 (2005) 729-738
    • (2005) Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs , vol.14 , pp. 729-738
    • Jenner, P.1
  • 114
    • 0041632332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in GABA(B) receptor mRNA expression in the rodent basal ganglia and thalamus following lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway
    • Johnston T., and Duty S. Changes in GABA(B) receptor mRNA expression in the rodent basal ganglia and thalamus following lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway. Neuroscience 120 (2003) 1027-1035
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.120 , pp. 1027-1035
    • Johnston, T.1    Duty, S.2
  • 115
    • 17044424165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of acute or chronic administration of levodopa to 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats on the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neostriatum and GABAA receptors subunits in the substantia nigra, pars reticulata
    • Katz J., Nielsen K.M., and Soghomonian J.J. Comparative effects of acute or chronic administration of levodopa to 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats on the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the neostriatum and GABAA receptors subunits in the substantia nigra, pars reticulata. Neuroscience 132 (2005) 833-842
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.132 , pp. 833-842
    • Katz, J.1    Nielsen, K.M.2    Soghomonian, J.J.3
  • 116
    • 0028809746 scopus 로고
    • Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization
    • Kawaguchi Y., Wilson C.J., Augood S.J., and Emson P.C. Striatal interneurones: chemical, physiological and morphological characterization. Trends Neurosci. 18 (1995) 527-535
    • (1995) Trends Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 527-535
    • Kawaguchi, Y.1    Wilson, C.J.2    Augood, S.J.3    Emson, P.C.4
  • 117
    • 0025500497 scopus 로고
    • Projection subtypes of rat neostriatal matrix cells revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin
    • Kawaguchi Y., Wilson C.J., and Emson P.C. Projection subtypes of rat neostriatal matrix cells revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin. J. Neurosci. 10 (1990) 3421-3438
    • (1990) J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 3421-3438
    • Kawaguchi, Y.1    Wilson, C.J.2    Emson, P.C.3
  • 118
    • 0036894591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma knife subthalamotomy for Parkinson disease: the subthalamic nucleus as a new radiosurgical target
    • Keep M.F., Mastrofrancesco L., Erdman D., Murphy B., and Ashby L.S. Gamma knife subthalamotomy for Parkinson disease: the subthalamic nucleus as a new radiosurgical target. Case report. J. Neurosurg. 97 (2002) 592-599
    • (2002) Case report. J. Neurosurg. , vol.97 , pp. 592-599
    • Keep, M.F.1    Mastrofrancesco, L.2    Erdman, D.3    Murphy, B.4    Ashby, L.S.5
  • 119
    • 0026475964 scopus 로고
    • 6-Hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway alter the expression of glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in rat globus pallidus projection neurons
    • Kincaid A.E., Albin R.L., Newman S.W., Penney J.B., and Young A.B. 6-Hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway alter the expression of glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in rat globus pallidus projection neurons. Neuroscience 51 (1992) 705-718
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.51 , pp. 705-718
    • Kincaid, A.E.1    Albin, R.L.2    Newman, S.W.3    Penney, J.B.4    Young, A.B.5
  • 120
    • 0022536729 scopus 로고
    • Elevated gamma-aminobutyric acid level in striatal but not extrastriatal brain regions in Parkinson's disease: correlation with striatal dopamine loss
    • Kish S.J., Rajput A., Gilbert J., Rozdilsky B., Chang L.J., Shannak K., and Hornykiewicz O. Elevated gamma-aminobutyric acid level in striatal but not extrastriatal brain regions in Parkinson's disease: correlation with striatal dopamine loss. Ann. Neurol. 20 (1986) 26-31
    • (1986) Ann. Neurol. , vol.20 , pp. 26-31
    • Kish, S.J.1    Rajput, A.2    Gilbert, J.3    Rozdilsky, B.4    Chang, L.J.5    Shannak, K.6    Hornykiewicz, O.7
  • 121
    • 0027958289 scopus 로고
    • The morphology of globus pallidus projection neurons in the rat: an intracellular staining study
    • Kita H., and Kitai S.T. The morphology of globus pallidus projection neurons in the rat: an intracellular staining study. Brain Res. 636 (1994) 308-319
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.636 , pp. 308-319
    • Kita, H.1    Kitai, S.T.2
  • 122
    • 25444482613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balance of monosynaptic excitatory and disynaptic inhibitory responses of the globus pallidus induced after stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey
    • Kita H., Tachibana Y., Nambu A., and Chiken S. Balance of monosynaptic excitatory and disynaptic inhibitory responses of the globus pallidus induced after stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey. J. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 8611-8619
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 8611-8619
    • Kita, H.1    Tachibana, Y.2    Nambu, A.3    Chiken, S.4
  • 123
    • 0019467310 scopus 로고
    • Effect of L-glutamine and isoniazid on torticollis and segmental dystonia
    • Korein J., Lieberman A., Kupersmith M., and Levidow L. Effect of L-glutamine and isoniazid on torticollis and segmental dystonia. Ann. Neurol. 10 (1981) 247-250
    • (1981) Ann. Neurol. , vol.10 , pp. 247-250
    • Korein, J.1    Lieberman, A.2    Kupersmith, M.3    Levidow, L.4
  • 124
    • 0033964482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabapentin treatment in a child with delayed-onset hemichorea/hemiballismus
    • Kothare S.V., Pollack P., Kulberg A.G., and Ravin P.D. Gabapentin treatment in a child with delayed-onset hemichorea/hemiballismus. Pediatr. Neurol. 22 (2000) 68-71
    • (2000) Pediatr. Neurol. , vol.22 , pp. 68-71
    • Kothare, S.V.1    Pollack, P.2    Kulberg, A.G.3    Ravin, P.D.4
  • 125
    • 0021489712 scopus 로고
    • [Hemiballism treated with valproic acid: report of 2 cases]
    • Kouyoumdjian J.A. [Hemiballism treated with valproic acid: report of 2 cases]. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 42 (1984) 274-276
    • (1984) Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. , vol.42 , pp. 274-276
    • Kouyoumdjian, J.A.1
  • 126
    • 26444569923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidystonic efficacy of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake inhibitors in the dtsz mutant
    • Kreil A., and Richter A. Antidystonic efficacy of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake inhibitors in the dtsz mutant. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 521 (2005) 95-98
    • (2005) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.521 , pp. 95-98
    • Kreil, A.1    Richter, A.2
  • 128
    • 0033546886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation for generalized dystonia: clinical and PET investigation
    • Kumar R., Dagher A., Hutchison W.D., Lang A.E., and Lozano A.M. Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation for generalized dystonia: clinical and PET investigation. Neurology 53 (1999) 871-874
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 871-874
    • Kumar, R.1    Dagher, A.2    Hutchison, W.D.3    Lang, A.E.4    Lozano, A.M.5
  • 129
    • 0342264568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine receptor binding in Huntington's disease: [11C]flumazenil uptake measured using positron emission tomography
    • Kunig G., Leenders K.L., Sanchez-Pernaute R., Antonini A., Vontobel P., Verhagen A., and Gunther I. Benzodiazepine receptor binding in Huntington's disease: [11C]flumazenil uptake measured using positron emission tomography. Ann. Neurol. 47 (2000) 644-648
    • (2000) Ann. Neurol. , vol.47 , pp. 644-648
    • Kunig, G.1    Leenders, K.L.2    Sanchez-Pernaute, R.3    Antonini, A.4    Vontobel, P.5    Verhagen, A.6    Gunther, I.7
  • 130
  • 131
    • 0033168877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression of the GAD67 and GAD65 isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase is differentially altered in subpopulations of striatal neurons in adult rats lesioned with 6-OHDA as neonates
    • Laprade N., and Soghomonian J.J. Gene expression of the GAD67 and GAD65 isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase is differentially altered in subpopulations of striatal neurons in adult rats lesioned with 6-OHDA as neonates. Synapse 33 (1999) 36-48
    • (1999) Synapse , vol.33 , pp. 36-48
    • Laprade, N.1    Soghomonian, J.J.2
  • 132
    • 20144381234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous administration of human neural stem cells induces functional recovery in Huntington's disease rat model
    • Lee S.T., Chu K., Park J.E., Lee K., Kang L., Kim S.U., and Kim M. Intravenous administration of human neural stem cells induces functional recovery in Huntington's disease rat model. Neurosci. Res. 52 (2005) 243-249
    • (2005) Neurosci. Res. , vol.52 , pp. 243-249
    • Lee, S.T.1    Chu, K.2    Park, J.E.3    Lee, K.4    Kang, L.5    Kim, S.U.6    Kim, M.7
  • 134
    • 4644350294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for differential cortical input to direct pathway versus indirect pathway striatal projection neurons in rats
    • Lei W., Jiao Y., Del Mar N., and Reiner A. Evidence for differential cortical input to direct pathway versus indirect pathway striatal projection neurons in rats. J. Neurosci. 24 (2004) 8289-8299
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 8289-8299
    • Lei, W.1    Jiao, Y.2    Del Mar, N.3    Reiner, A.4
  • 136
    • 20844437094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic interneurons in human subthalamic nucleus
    • Levesque J.C., and Parent A. GABAergic interneurons in human subthalamic nucleus. Mov. Disord. 20 (2005) 574-584
    • (2005) Mov. Disord. , vol.20 , pp. 574-584
    • Levesque, J.C.1    Parent, A.2
  • 137
    • 0036135109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired brain GABA in focal dystonia
    • Levy L.M., and Hallett M. Impaired brain GABA in focal dystonia. Ann. Neurol. 51 (2002) 93-101
    • (2002) Ann. Neurol. , vol.51 , pp. 93-101
    • Levy, L.M.1    Hallett, M.2
  • 138
    • 0034937264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of apomorphine on subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Levy R., Dostrovsky J.O., Lang A.E., Sime E., Hutchison W.D., and Lozano A.M. Effects of apomorphine on subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease. J. Neurophysiol. 86 (2001) 249-260
    • (2001) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.86 , pp. 249-260
    • Levy, R.1    Dostrovsky, J.O.2    Lang, A.E.3    Sime, E.4    Hutchison, W.D.5    Lozano, A.M.6
  • 140
    • 0032960277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by using selective chemical ablation of the medial globus pallidus
    • Lieberman D.M., Corthesy M.E., Cummins A., and Oldfield E.H. Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by using selective chemical ablation of the medial globus pallidus. J. Neurosurg. 90 (1999) 928-934
    • (1999) J. Neurosurg. , vol.90 , pp. 928-934
    • Lieberman, D.M.1    Corthesy, M.E.2    Cummins, A.3    Oldfield, E.H.4
  • 141
    • 0026780517 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities in amino acid neurotransmitters in discrete brain regions of genetically dystonic hamsters
    • Loscher W., and Horstermann D. Abnormalities in amino acid neurotransmitters in discrete brain regions of genetically dystonic hamsters. J. Neurochem. 59 (1992) 689-694
    • (1992) J. Neurochem. , vol.59 , pp. 689-694
    • Loscher, W.1    Horstermann, D.2
  • 143
    • 0037345646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and behavioural effects of the adenosine A2a receptor antagonist KW-6002 in a rat model of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia
    • Lundblad M., Vaudano E., and Cenci M.A. Cellular and behavioural effects of the adenosine A2a receptor antagonist KW-6002 in a rat model of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. J. Neurochem. 84 (2003) 1398-1410
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.84 , pp. 1398-1410
    • Lundblad, M.1    Vaudano, E.2    Cenci, M.A.3
  • 144
    • 0036459991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activity in the monkey motor thalamus during bicuculline-induced dystonia
    • Macia F., Escola L., Guehl D., Michelet T., Bioulac B., and Burbaud P. Neuronal activity in the monkey motor thalamus during bicuculline-induced dystonia. Eur. J. Neurosci. 15 (2002) 1353-1362
    • (2002) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 1353-1362
    • Macia, F.1    Escola, L.2    Guehl, D.3    Michelet, T.4    Bioulac, B.5    Burbaud, P.6
  • 146
    • 0037121628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus silences subthalamic neurons: a possible cellular mechanism in Parkinson's disease
    • Magarinos-Ascone C., Pazo J.H., Macadar O., and Buno W. High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus silences subthalamic neurons: a possible cellular mechanism in Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 115 (2002) 1109-1117
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.115 , pp. 1109-1117
    • Magarinos-Ascone, C.1    Pazo, J.H.2    Macadar, O.3    Buno, W.4
  • 147
    • 0034651083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of activity in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network to cortical electroencephalogram
    • Magill P.J., Bolam J.P., and Bevan M.D. Relationship of activity in the subthalamic nucleus-globus pallidus network to cortical electroencephalogram. J. Neurosci. 20 (2000) 820-833
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 820-833
    • Magill, P.J.1    Bolam, J.P.2    Bevan, M.D.3
  • 148
    • 0019462405 scopus 로고
    • Isoniazid-induced elevation of CSF GABA levels and effects on chorea in Huntington's disease
    • Manyam B.V., Katz L., Hare T.A., Kaniefski K., and Tremblay R.D. Isoniazid-induced elevation of CSF GABA levels and effects on chorea in Huntington's disease. Ann. Neurol. 10 (1981) 35-37
    • (1981) Ann. Neurol. , vol.10 , pp. 35-37
    • Manyam, B.V.1    Katz, L.2    Hare, T.A.3    Kaniefski, K.4    Tremblay, R.D.5
  • 149
    • 0036189195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatopallidal neurons are selectively protected by neurturin in an excitotoxic model of Huntington's disease
    • Marco S., Perez-Navarro E., Tolosa E., Arenas E., and Alberch J. Striatopallidal neurons are selectively protected by neurturin in an excitotoxic model of Huntington's disease. J. Neurobiol. 50 (2002) 323-332
    • (2002) J. Neurobiol. , vol.50 , pp. 323-332
    • Marco, S.1    Perez-Navarro, E.2    Tolosa, E.3    Arenas, E.4    Alberch, J.5
  • 150
    • 0027159586 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of flunitrazepam in dystonias and torticollis. Preliminary communication
    • Marino Junior R., Benabou R., and Benabou S. Therapeutic effects of flunitrazepam in dystonias and torticollis. Preliminary communication. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 51 (1993) 285-286
    • (1993) Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. , vol.51 , pp. 285-286
    • Marino Junior, R.1    Benabou, R.2    Benabou, S.3
  • 151
    • 0034074681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tremor-predominant Parkinson's disease. Approaches to treatment
    • Marjama-Lyons J., and Koller W. Tremor-predominant Parkinson's disease. Approaches to treatment. Drugs Aging 16 (2000) 273-278
    • (2000) Drugs Aging , vol.16 , pp. 273-278
    • Marjama-Lyons, J.1    Koller, W.2
  • 152
    • 0028048143 scopus 로고
    • The functions of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease
    • Marsden C.D., and Obeso J.A. The functions of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease. Brain 117 (1994) 877-897
    • (1994) Brain , vol.117 , pp. 877-897
    • Marsden, C.D.1    Obeso, J.A.2
  • 154
    • 1942517467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does deep brain stimulation work? Present understanding and future questions
    • McIntyre C.C., Savasta M., Walter B.L., and Vitek J.L. How does deep brain stimulation work? Present understanding and future questions. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 21 (2004) 40-50
    • (2004) J. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.21 , pp. 40-50
    • McIntyre, C.C.1    Savasta, M.2    Walter, B.L.3    Vitek, J.L.4
  • 155
    • 13844315161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of GABA(A) receptor stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus on motor deficits induced by nigrostriatal lesions in the rat
    • Mehta A., and Chesselet M.F. Effect of GABA(A) receptor stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus on motor deficits induced by nigrostriatal lesions in the rat. Exp. Neurol. 193 (2005) 110-117
    • (2005) Exp. Neurol. , vol.193 , pp. 110-117
    • Mehta, A.1    Chesselet, M.F.2
  • 156
    • 0032934282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term continuously infused intrathecal baclofen for spastic-dystonic hypertonia in traumatic brain injury: 1-year experience
    • Meythaler J.M., Guin-Renfroe S., Grabb P., and Hadley M.N. Long-term continuously infused intrathecal baclofen for spastic-dystonic hypertonia in traumatic brain injury: 1-year experience. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 80 (1999) 13-19
    • (1999) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.80 , pp. 13-19
    • Meythaler, J.M.1    Guin-Renfroe, S.2    Grabb, P.3    Hadley, M.N.4
  • 157
    • 0000024912 scopus 로고
    • Altered tonic activity of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus in the primate MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • Carpenter M.B., and Jayaraman A. (Eds), New York, Plenum Press
    • Miller W.C., and DeLong M.R. Altered tonic activity of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus in the primate MPTP model of parkinsonism. In: Carpenter M.B., and Jayaraman A. (Eds). The Basal Ganglia II (1987), New York, Plenum Press 415-427
    • (1987) The Basal Ganglia II , pp. 415-427
    • Miller, W.C.1    DeLong, M.R.2
  • 158
    • 0030294556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
    • Mink J.W. The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. Prog. Neurobiol. 50 (1996) 381-425
    • (1996) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.50 , pp. 381-425
    • Mink, J.W.1
  • 159
    • 0026100745 scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia motor control. III. Pallidal ablation: normal reaction time, muscle cocontraction, and slow movement
    • Mink J.W., and Thach W.T. Basal ganglia motor control. III. Pallidal ablation: normal reaction time, muscle cocontraction, and slow movement. J. Neurophysiol. 65 (1991) 330-351
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.65 , pp. 330-351
    • Mink, J.W.1    Thach, W.T.2
  • 160
    • 0024397741 scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms based upon regional uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in monkeys exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Mitchell I.J., Clarke C.E., Boyce S., Robertson R.G., Peggs D., Sambrook M.A., and Crossman A.R. Neural mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms based upon regional uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in monkeys exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Neuroscience 32 (1989) 213-226
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.32 , pp. 213-226
    • Mitchell, I.J.1    Clarke, C.E.2    Boyce, S.3    Robertson, R.G.4    Peggs, D.5    Sambrook, M.A.6    Crossman, A.R.7
  • 161
    • 0017849749 scopus 로고
    • The benzodiazepine receptor in normal and pathological human brain
    • Mohler H., and Okada T. The benzodiazepine receptor in normal and pathological human brain. Br. J. Psychiatry 133 (1978) 261-268
    • (1978) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.133 , pp. 261-268
    • Mohler, H.1    Okada, T.2
  • 162
    • 0027409101 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid levels and gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors in rat neostriatum, cortex, and thalamus after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesion
    • Molina-Holgado E., Dewar K.M., Grondin L., van Gelder N.M., and Reader T.A. Amino acid levels and gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors in rat neostriatum, cortex, and thalamus after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesion. J. Neurochem. 60 (1993) 936-945
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.60 , pp. 936-945
    • Molina-Holgado, E.1    Dewar, K.M.2    Grondin, L.3    van Gelder, N.M.4    Reader, T.A.5
  • 163
    • 0022354897 scopus 로고
    • Progabide in the treatment of hyperkinetic extrapyramidal movement disorders
    • Mondrup K., Dupont E., and Braendgaard H. Progabide in the treatment of hyperkinetic extrapyramidal movement disorders. Acta Neurol. Scand. 72 (1985) 341-343
    • (1985) Acta Neurol. Scand. , vol.72 , pp. 341-343
    • Mondrup, K.1    Dupont, E.2    Braendgaard, H.3
  • 164
    • 0021974866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morselli, P.L., Fournier, V., Bossi, L. and Musch, B. (1985) Clinical activity of GABA agonists in neuroleptic- and L-dopa-induced dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology Suppl., 2: 128-136.
  • 165
    • 0023603578 scopus 로고
    • Electrical membrane properties of rat subthalamic neurons in an in vitro slice preparation
    • Nakanishi H., Kita H., and Kitai S.T. Electrical membrane properties of rat subthalamic neurons in an in vitro slice preparation. Brain Res. 437 (1987) 35-44
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.437 , pp. 35-44
    • Nakanishi, H.1    Kita, H.2    Kitai, S.T.3
  • 166
    • 0032890301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic striatal grafts restore neuronal activity of the globus pallidus in a rodent model of Huntington's disease
    • Nakao N., Ogura M., Nakai K., and Itakura T. Embryonic striatal grafts restore neuronal activity of the globus pallidus in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. Neuroscience 88 (1999) 469-477
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.88 , pp. 469-477
    • Nakao, N.1    Ogura, M.2    Nakai, K.3    Itakura, T.4
  • 167
    • 0028030352 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology of globus pallidus neurons in vitro
    • Nambu A., and Llinas R. Electrophysiology of globus pallidus neurons in vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 72 (1994) 1127-1139
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 1127-1139
    • Nambu, A.1    Llinas, R.2
  • 169
    • 0036283473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal 'hyperdirect' pathway
    • Nambu A., Tokuno H., and Takada M. Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal 'hyperdirect' pathway. Neurosci. Res. 43 (2002) 111-117
    • (2002) Neurosci. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 111-117
    • Nambu, A.1    Tokuno, H.2    Takada, M.3
  • 170
    • 0028989437 scopus 로고
    • GABA and GABAA receptor changes in the substantia nigra of the rat following quinolinic acid lesions in the striatum closely resemble Huntington's disease
    • Nicholson L.F., Faull R.L., Waldvogel H.J., and Dragunow M. GABA and GABAA receptor changes in the substantia nigra of the rat following quinolinic acid lesions in the striatum closely resemble Huntington's disease. Neuroscience 66 (1995) 507-521
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.66 , pp. 507-521
    • Nicholson, L.F.1    Faull, R.L.2    Waldvogel, H.J.3    Dragunow, M.4
  • 171
    • 0028978634 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the brain GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor-chloride ionophore complex in a genetic model of paroxysmal dystonia: a quantitative autoradiographic analysis
    • Nobrega J.N., Richter A., Burnham W.M., and Loscher W. Alterations in the brain GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor-chloride ionophore complex in a genetic model of paroxysmal dystonia: a quantitative autoradiographic analysis. Neuroscience 64 (1995) 229-239
    • (1995) Neuroscience , vol.64 , pp. 229-239
    • Nobrega, J.N.1    Richter, A.2    Burnham, W.M.3    Loscher, W.4
  • 172
    • 0018675782 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Parkinson's disease with sodium valproate: clinical, pharmacological, and biochemical observations
    • Nutt J., Williams A., Plotkin C., Eng N., Ziegler M., and Calne D.B. Treatment of Parkinson's disease with sodium valproate: clinical, pharmacological, and biochemical observations. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 6 (1979) 337-343
    • (1979) Can. J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 337-343
    • Nutt, J.1    Williams, A.2    Plotkin, C.3    Eng, N.4    Ziegler, M.5    Calne, D.B.6
  • 173
    • 0033695441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levodopa motor complications in Parkinson's disease
    • Obeso J.A., Olanow C.W., and Nutt J.G. Levodopa motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci. 23 (2000) S2-S7
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci. , vol.23
    • Obeso, J.A.1    Olanow, C.W.2    Nutt, J.G.3
  • 174
    • 1842613894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenosine A(2A) receptor-mediated modulation of GABA and glutamate release in the output regions of the basal ganglia in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease
    • Ochi M., Shiozaki S., and Kase H. Adenosine A(2A) receptor-mediated modulation of GABA and glutamate release in the output regions of the basal ganglia in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 127 (2004) 223-231
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.127 , pp. 223-231
    • Ochi, M.1    Shiozaki, S.2    Kase, H.3
  • 175
    • 0038084254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flumazenil, a GABA antagonist, may improve features of Parkinson's disease
    • Ondo W.G., and Hunter C. Flumazenil, a GABA antagonist, may improve features of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 18 (2003) 683-685
    • (2003) Mov. Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 683-685
    • Ondo, W.G.1    Hunter, C.2
  • 176
    • 0022195443 scopus 로고
    • Gamma-aminobutyric acid and benzodiazepine receptor changes induced by unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle
    • Pan H.S., Penney J.B., and Young A.B. Gamma-aminobutyric acid and benzodiazepine receptor changes induced by unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle. J. Neurochem. 45 (1985) 1396-1404
    • (1985) J. Neurochem. , vol.45 , pp. 1396-1404
    • Pan, H.S.1    Penney, J.B.2    Young, A.B.3
  • 177
    • 0032722841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal globus pallidus discharge is nearly suppressed during levodopa-induced dyskinesias
    • Papa S.M., Desimone R., Fiorani M., and Oldfield E.H. Internal globus pallidus discharge is nearly suppressed during levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Ann. Neurol. 46 (1999) 732-738
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 732-738
    • Papa, S.M.1    Desimone, R.2    Fiorani, M.3    Oldfield, E.H.4
  • 180
    • 0028017608 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) mRNA levels in the striatum and pallidum of MPTP-treated monkeys
    • Pedneault S., and Soghomonian J.J. Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) mRNA levels in the striatum and pallidum of MPTP-treated monkeys. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 25 (1994) 351-354
    • (1994) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.25 , pp. 351-354
    • Pedneault, S.1    Soghomonian, J.J.2
  • 181
    • 0029095087 scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal baclofen for motor disorders
    • Penn R.D., Gianino J.M., and York M.M. Intrathecal baclofen for motor disorders. Mov. Disord. 10 (1995) 675-677
    • (1995) Mov. Disord. , vol.10 , pp. 675-677
    • Penn, R.D.1    Gianino, J.M.2    York, M.M.3
  • 182
    • 0032583940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injection of GABA-agonist into globus pallidus in patient with Parkinson's disease
    • Penn R.D., Kroin J.S., Reinkensmeyer A., and Corcos D.M. Injection of GABA-agonist into globus pallidus in patient with Parkinson's disease. Lancet 351 (1998) 340-341
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 340-341
    • Penn, R.D.1    Kroin, J.S.2    Reinkensmeyer, A.3    Corcos, D.M.4
  • 183
    • 0343091556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurturin protects striatal projection neurons but not interneurons in a rat model of Huntington's disease
    • Perez-Navarro E., Akerud P., Marco S., Canals J.M., Tolosa E., Arenas E., and Alberch J. Neurturin protects striatal projection neurons but not interneurons in a rat model of Huntington's disease. Neuroscience 98 (2000) 89-96
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.98 , pp. 89-96
    • Perez-Navarro, E.1    Akerud, P.2    Marco, S.3    Canals, J.M.4    Tolosa, E.5    Arenas, E.6    Alberch, J.7
  • 184
    • 0033789409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/5 prevent the death of striatal projection neurons in a rodent model of Huntington's disease
    • Perez-Navarro E., Canudas A.M., Akerund P., Alberch J., and Arenas E. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/5 prevent the death of striatal projection neurons in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. J. Neurochem. 75 (2000) 2190-2199
    • (2000) J. Neurochem. , vol.75 , pp. 2190-2199
    • Perez-Navarro, E.1    Canudas, A.M.2    Akerund, P.3    Alberch, J.4    Arenas, E.5
  • 185
    • 0020682118 scopus 로고
    • Striatal GABAergic neuronal activity is not reduced in Parkinson's disease
    • Perry T.L., Javoy-Agid F., Agid Y., and Fibiger H.C. Striatal GABAergic neuronal activity is not reduced in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 40 (1983) 1120-1123
    • (1983) J. Neurochem. , vol.40 , pp. 1120-1123
    • Perry, T.L.1    Javoy-Agid, F.2    Agid, Y.3    Fibiger, H.C.4
  • 187
    • 0030953742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological functioning following fetal striatal transplantation in Huntington's chorea: three case presentations
    • Philpott L.M., Kopyov O.V., Lee A.J., Jacques S., Duma C.M., Caine S., Yang M., and Eagle K.S. Neuropsychological functioning following fetal striatal transplantation in Huntington's chorea: three case presentations. Cell Transplant 6 (1997) 203-212
    • (1997) Cell Transplant , vol.6 , pp. 203-212
    • Philpott, L.M.1    Kopyov, O.V.2    Lee, A.J.3    Jacques, S.4    Duma, C.M.5    Caine, S.6    Yang, M.7    Eagle, K.S.8
  • 188
    • 12844274313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dystonia induced by gabapentin
    • Pina M.A., and Modrego P.J. Dystonia induced by gabapentin. Ann. Pharmacother. 39 (2005) 380-382
    • (2005) Ann. Pharmacother. , vol.39 , pp. 380-382
    • Pina, M.A.1    Modrego, P.J.2
  • 189
    • 0031761692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uniqueness and redundancy in GABA production
    • Pinal C.S., and Tobin A.J. Uniqueness and redundancy in GABA production. Perspect. Dev. Neurobiol. 5 (1998) 109-118
    • (1998) Perspect. Dev. Neurobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 109-118
    • Pinal, C.S.1    Tobin, A.J.2
  • 190
    • 26444445618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New therapies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: adenosine A2A receptor antagonists
    • Pinna A., Wardas J., Simola N., and Morelli M. New therapies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: adenosine A2A receptor antagonists. Life Sciences 77 (2005) 3259-3267
    • (2005) Life Sciences , vol.77 , pp. 3259-3267
    • Pinna, A.1    Wardas, J.2    Simola, N.3    Morelli, M.4
  • 191
    • 0031931596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased activation of frontal areas during arm movement in idiopathic torsion dystonia
    • Playford E.D., Passingham R.E., Marsden C.D., and Brooks D.J. Increased activation of frontal areas during arm movement in idiopathic torsion dystonia. Mov. Disord. 13 (1998) 309-318
    • (1998) Mov. Disord. , vol.13 , pp. 309-318
    • Playford, E.D.1    Passingham, R.E.2    Marsden, C.D.3    Brooks, D.J.4
  • 192
    • 0033549810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus
    • Plenz D., and Kitai S. A basal ganglia pacemaker formed by the subthalamic nucleus and external globus pallidus. Nature 400 (1999) 677-682
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 677-682
    • Plenz, D.1    Kitai, S.2
  • 193
    • 0142188644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemiballism: revisiting a classic disorder
    • Postuma R.B., and Lang A.E. Hemiballism: revisiting a classic disorder. Lancet Neurol. 2 (2003) 661-668
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol. , vol.2 , pp. 661-668
    • Postuma, R.B.1    Lang, A.E.2
  • 194
    • 0028929325 scopus 로고
    • Regionally selective and age-dependent alterations in benzodiazepine receptor binding in the genetically dystonic hamster
    • Pratt G.D., Richter A., Mohler H., and Loscher W. Regionally selective and age-dependent alterations in benzodiazepine receptor binding in the genetically dystonic hamster. J. Neurochem. 64 (1995) 2153-2158
    • (1995) J. Neurochem. , vol.64 , pp. 2153-2158
    • Pratt, G.D.1    Richter, A.2    Mohler, H.3    Loscher, W.4
  • 195
    • 0034009454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease
    • Przuntek H. Non-dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. 247 Suppl. 2 (2000) II19-II24
    • (2000) J. Neurol. , vol.247 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Przuntek, H.1
  • 196
    • 0030029924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplantation of human striatal tissue into a rodent model of Huntington's disease: phenotypic expression of transplanted neurons and host-to-graft innervation
    • Pundt L.L., Kondoh T., Conrad J.A., and Low W.C. Transplantation of human striatal tissue into a rodent model of Huntington's disease: phenotypic expression of transplanted neurons and host-to-graft innervation. Brain Res. Bull. 39 (1996) 23-32
    • (1996) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.39 , pp. 23-32
    • Pundt, L.L.1    Kondoh, T.2    Conrad, J.A.3    Low, W.C.4
  • 197
    • 0038227883 scopus 로고
    • Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are the main feature improved by contralateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease
    • Rabey J.M., Orlov E., and Spiegelman R. Levodopa-induced dyskinesias are the main feature improved by contralateral pallidotomy in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 45 (1995) A377
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45
    • Rabey, J.M.1    Orlov, E.2    Spiegelman, R.3
  • 198
    • 0033010987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease
    • Reddy P.H., Williams M., and Tagle D.A. Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease. Trends Neurosci. 22 (1999) 248-255
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 248-255
    • Reddy, P.H.1    Williams, M.2    Tagle, D.A.3
  • 200
    • 0018901785 scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepine receptors: the effect of GABA on their characteristics in human brain and their alteration in Huntington's disease
    • Reisine T.D., Overstreet D., Gale K., Rossor M., Iversen L., and Yamamura H.I. Benzodiazepine receptors: the effect of GABA on their characteristics in human brain and their alteration in Huntington's disease. Brain Res. 199 (1980) 79-88
    • (1980) Brain Res. , vol.199 , pp. 79-88
    • Reisine, T.D.1    Overstreet, D.2    Gale, K.3    Rossor, M.4    Iversen, L.5    Yamamura, H.I.6
  • 201
    • 0025308890 scopus 로고
    • Dementia in Huntington's disease is associated with neurochemical deficits in the caudate nucleus, not the cerebral cortex
    • Reynolds G.P., Pearson S.J., and Heathfield K.W. Dementia in Huntington's disease is associated with neurochemical deficits in the caudate nucleus, not the cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Lett. 113 (1990) 95-100
    • (1990) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.113 , pp. 95-100
    • Reynolds, G.P.1    Pearson, S.J.2    Heathfield, K.W.3
  • 202
    • 0025000144 scopus 로고
    • The role of striatopallidal neurones utilizing gamma-aminobutyric acid in the pathophysiology of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in the primate: evidence from [3 H]flunitrazepam autoradiography
    • Robertson R.G., Clarke C.A., Boyce S., Sambrook M.A., and Crossman A.R. The role of striatopallidal neurones utilizing gamma-aminobutyric acid in the pathophysiology of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in the primate: evidence from [3 H]flunitrazepam autoradiography. Brain Res. 531 (1990) 95-104
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.531 , pp. 95-104
    • Robertson, R.G.1    Clarke, C.A.2    Boyce, S.3    Sambrook, M.A.4    Crossman, A.R.5
  • 203
    • 0026094153 scopus 로고
    • Further investigations into the pathophysiology of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in the primate: an intracerebral microdialysis study of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the lateral segment of the globus pallidus
    • Robertson R.G., Graham W.C., Sambrook M.A., and Crossman A.R. Further investigations into the pathophysiology of MPTP-induced parkinsonism in the primate: an intracerebral microdialysis study of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the lateral segment of the globus pallidus. Brain Res. 563 (1991) 278-280
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.563 , pp. 278-280
    • Robertson, R.G.1    Graham, W.C.2    Sambrook, M.A.3    Crossman, A.R.4
  • 204
    • 0022549479 scopus 로고
    • Baclofen treatment in a patient with tardive dystonia
    • Rosse R.B., Allen A., and Lux W.E. Baclofen treatment in a patient with tardive dystonia. J. Clin. Psychiatry 47 (1986) 474-475
    • (1986) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 474-475
    • Rosse, R.B.1    Allen, A.2    Lux, W.E.3
  • 206
    • 0037096324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus selectively reverses dopamine denervation-induced cellular defects in the output structures of the basal ganglia in the rat
    • Salin P., Manrique C., Forni C., and Kerkerian-Le Goff L. High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus selectively reverses dopamine denervation-induced cellular defects in the output structures of the basal ganglia in the rat. J. Neurosci. 22 (2002) 5137-5148
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 5137-5148
    • Salin, P.1    Manrique, C.2    Forni, C.3    Kerkerian-Le Goff, L.4
  • 207
    • 0022516247 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor hyperactivity: effects of multiple striatal transplants in an animal model of Huntington's disease
    • Sanberg P.R., Henault M.A., and Deckel A.W. Locomotor hyperactivity: effects of multiple striatal transplants in an animal model of Huntington's disease. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 25 (1986) 297-300
    • (1986) Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. , vol.25 , pp. 297-300
    • Sanberg, P.R.1    Henault, M.A.2    Deckel, A.W.3
  • 208
    • 0021342622 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of sodium valproate and baclofen in spasmodic torticollis
    • Sandyk R. Beneficial effect of sodium valproate and baclofen in spasmodic torticollis. A case report. S. Afr. Med. J. 65 (1984) 62-63
    • (1984) A case report. S. Afr. Med. J. , vol.65 , pp. 62-63
    • Sandyk, R.1
  • 209
    • 0037245898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental parkinsonism is associated with increased pallidal GAD gene expression and is reversed by site-directed antisense gene therapy
    • Schneider J.S., and Wade T.V. Experimental parkinsonism is associated with increased pallidal GAD gene expression and is reversed by site-directed antisense gene therapy. Mov. Disord. 18 (2003) 32-40
    • (2003) Mov. Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 32-40
    • Schneider, J.S.1    Wade, T.V.2
  • 210
    • 0036326034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA-opioid interactions in the globus pallidus: [D-Ala2]-Met-enkephalinamide attenuates potassium-evoked GABA release after nigrostriatal lesion
    • Schroeder J.A., and Schneider J.S. GABA-opioid interactions in the globus pallidus: [D-Ala2]-Met-enkephalinamide attenuates potassium-evoked GABA release after nigrostriatal lesion. J. Neurochem. 82 (2002) 666-673
    • (2002) J. Neurochem. , vol.82 , pp. 666-673
    • Schroeder, J.A.1    Schneider, J.S.2
  • 211
    • 77956782804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phasic reward signal of primate dopamine neurons
    • Schultz W. The phasic reward signal of primate dopamine neurons. Adv. Pharmacol. 42 (1998) 686-690
    • (1998) Adv. Pharmacol. , vol.42 , pp. 686-690
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 213
    • 0022383670 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) primate model of Parkinson's disease
    • Schwartzman R.J., and Alexander G.M. Changes in the local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) primate model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res. 358 (1985) 137-143
    • (1985) Brain Res. , vol.358 , pp. 137-143
    • Schwartzman, R.J.1    Alexander, G.M.2
  • 215
    • 34249976406 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous hemiballism and disappearance of parkinsonism following contralateral lenticular lacunar infarct
    • Scoditti U., Rustichelli P., and Calzetti S. Spontaneous hemiballism and disappearance of parkinsonism following contralateral lenticular lacunar infarct. Ital. J. Neurol. Sci. 10 (1989) 575-577
    • (1989) Ital. J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 575-577
    • Scoditti, U.1    Rustichelli, P.2    Calzetti, S.3
  • 216
    • 0033839129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation
    • Segawa M. Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation. Brain Dev. 22 Suppl. 1 (2000) S65-S80
    • (2000) Brain Dev. , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Segawa, M.1
  • 217
    • 0016913614 scopus 로고
    • Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation
    • Eldridge R., and Fahn S. (Eds), Raven Press, New York
    • Segawa M., Hosaka A., Miyagawa F., Nomura Y., and Imai H. Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation. In: Eldridge R., and Fahn S. (Eds). Adv. Neurol. (1976), Raven Press, New York 215-233
    • (1976) Adv. Neurol. , pp. 215-233
    • Segawa, M.1    Hosaka, A.2    Miyagawa, F.3    Nomura, Y.4    Imai, H.5
  • 219
    • 1942501006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonically active GABAA receptors: modulating gain and maintaining the tone
    • Semyanov A., Walker M.C., Kullmann D.M., and Silver R.A. Tonically active GABAA receptors: modulating gain and maintaining the tone. Trends Neurosci. 27 (2004) 262-269
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 262-269
    • Semyanov, A.1    Walker, M.C.2    Kullmann, D.M.3    Silver, R.A.4
  • 220
    • 0030014312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subthalamic nucleus and the external pallidum: two tightly interconnected structures that control the output of the basal ganglia in the monkey
    • Shink E., Bevan M.D., Bolam J.P., and Smith Y. The subthalamic nucleus and the external pallidum: two tightly interconnected structures that control the output of the basal ganglia in the monkey. Neuroscience 73 (1996) 335-357
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.73 , pp. 335-357
    • Shink, E.1    Bevan, M.D.2    Bolam, J.P.3    Smith, Y.4
  • 221
    • 0017867094 scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease: treatment with muscimol, a GABA-mimetic drug
    • Shoulson I., Goldblatt D., Charlton M., and Joynt R.J. Huntington's disease: treatment with muscimol, a GABA-mimetic drug. Ann. Neurol. 4 (1978) 279-284
    • (1978) Ann. Neurol. , vol.4 , pp. 279-284
    • Shoulson, I.1    Goldblatt, D.2    Charlton, M.3    Joynt, R.J.4
  • 222
    • 0017255424 scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease: treatment with dipropylacetic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid
    • Shoulson I., Kartzinel R., and Chase T.N. Huntington's disease: treatment with dipropylacetic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Neurology 26 (1976) 61-63
    • (1976) Neurology , vol.26 , pp. 61-63
    • Shoulson, I.1    Kartzinel, R.2    Chase, T.N.3
  • 223
    • 0035846577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cannabinoids reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study
    • Sieradzan K.A., Fox S.H., Hill M., Dick J.P., Crossman A.R., and Brotchie J.M. Cannabinoids reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study. Neurology 57 (2001) 2108-2111
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 2108-2111
    • Sieradzan, K.A.1    Fox, S.H.2    Hill, M.3    Dick, J.P.4    Crossman, A.R.5    Brotchie, J.M.6
  • 225
    • 0026705390 scopus 로고
    • Increased dystonia after intrathecal baclofen
    • Silbert P.L., and Stewart-Wynne E.G. Increased dystonia after intrathecal baclofen. Neurology 42 (1992) 1639-1640
    • (1992) Neurology , vol.42 , pp. 1639-1640
    • Silbert, P.L.1    Stewart-Wynne, E.G.2
  • 226
    • 0031799938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia
    • Smith Y., Bevan M.D., Shink E., and Bolam J.P. Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia. Neuroscience 86 (1998) 353-387
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.86 , pp. 353-387
    • Smith, Y.1    Bevan, M.D.2    Shink, E.3    Bolam, J.P.4
  • 227
    • 4344658072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thalamostriatal system: a highly specific network of the basal ganglia circuitry
    • Smith Y., Raju D.V., Pare J.F., and Sidibe M. The thalamostriatal system: a highly specific network of the basal ganglia circuitry. Trends Neurosci. 27 (2004) 520-527
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 520-527
    • Smith, Y.1    Raju, D.V.2    Pare, J.F.3    Sidibe, M.4
  • 228
    • 3242792377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of external pallidal segment in primate parkinsonism: comparison of the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism and lesions of the external pallidal segment
    • Soares J., Kliem M.A., Betarbet R., Greenamyre J.T., Yamamoto B., and Wichmann T. Role of external pallidal segment in primate parkinsonism: comparison of the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism and lesions of the external pallidal segment. J. Neurosci. 24 (2004) 6417-6426
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 6417-6426
    • Soares, J.1    Kliem, M.A.2    Betarbet, R.3    Greenamyre, J.T.4    Yamamoto, B.5    Wichmann, T.6
  • 229
    • 0030788119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67 and GAD65) gene expression is increased in a subpopulation of neurons in the putamen of parkinsonian monkeys
    • Soghomonian J.J., and Laprade N. Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67 and GAD65) gene expression is increased in a subpopulation of neurons in the putamen of parkinsonian monkeys. Synapse 27 (1997) 122-132
    • (1997) Synapse , vol.27 , pp. 122-132
    • Soghomonian, J.J.1    Laprade, N.2
  • 230
    • 0032416442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase: why?
    • Soghomonian J.J., and Martin D.L. Two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase: why?. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 19 (1998) 500-505
    • (1998) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 500-505
    • Soghomonian, J.J.1    Martin, D.L.2
  • 231
    • 0027981156 scopus 로고
    • Increased glutamate decarboxylase mRNA levels in the striatum and pallidum of MPTP-treated primates
    • Soghomonian J.J., Pedneault S., Audet G., and Parent A. Increased glutamate decarboxylase mRNA levels in the striatum and pallidum of MPTP-treated primates. J. Neurosci. 14 (1994) 6256-6265
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 6256-6265
    • Soghomonian, J.J.1    Pedneault, S.2    Audet, G.3    Parent, A.4
  • 233
    • 0018973928 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical alterations in Huntington's chorea: a study of post-mortem brain tissue
    • Spokes E.G. Neurochemical alterations in Huntington's chorea: a study of post-mortem brain tissue. Brain 103 (1980) 179-210
    • (1980) Brain , vol.103 , pp. 179-210
    • Spokes, E.G.1
  • 234
    • 0037342127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent neuronal oscillators of the rat globus pallidus
    • Stanford I.M. Independent neuronal oscillators of the rat globus pallidus. J. Neurophysiol. 89 (2003) 1713-1717
    • (2003) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.89 , pp. 1713-1717
    • Stanford, I.M.1
  • 236
    • 0032976383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial restoration of striatal GABAA receptor balance by functional mesencephalic dopaminergic grafts in mice with hereditary parkinsonism
    • Stasi K., Mitsacos A., Giompres P., Kouvelas E.D., and Triarhou L.C. Partial restoration of striatal GABAA receptor balance by functional mesencephalic dopaminergic grafts in mice with hereditary parkinsonism. Exp. Neurol. 157 (1999) 259-267
    • (1999) Exp. Neurol. , vol.157 , pp. 259-267
    • Stasi, K.1    Mitsacos, A.2    Giompres, P.3    Kouvelas, E.D.4    Triarhou, L.C.5
  • 237
    • 0027380104 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical substrates of rigidity and chorea in Huntington's disease
    • Storey E., and Beal M.F. Neurochemical substrates of rigidity and chorea in Huntington's disease. Brain 116 (1993) 1201-1222
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 1201-1222
    • Storey, E.1    Beal, M.F.2
  • 238
    • 0037809608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease by subthalamotomy: one-year results
    • Su P.C., Tseng H.M., Liu H.M., Yen R.F., and Liou H.H. Treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease by subthalamotomy: one-year results. Mov. Disord. 18 (2003) 531-538
    • (2003) Mov. Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 531-538
    • Su, P.C.1    Tseng, H.M.2    Liu, H.M.3    Yen, R.F.4    Liou, H.H.5
  • 242
    • 0031104818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pallidal and thalamic surgery for Parkinson's disease
    • Tasker R.R., Lang A.E., and Lozano A.M. Pallidal and thalamic surgery for Parkinson's disease. Exp. Neurol. 144 (1997) 35-40
    • (1997) Exp. Neurol. , vol.144 , pp. 35-40
    • Tasker, R.R.1    Lang, A.E.2    Lozano, A.M.3
  • 243
    • 0019423722 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of Huntington disease with gamma-acetylenic GABA an irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transaminase: increased CSF GABA and homocarnosine without clinical amelioration
    • Tell G., Bohlen P., Schechter P.J., Koch-Weser J., Agid Y., Bonnet A.M., Coquillat G., Chazot G., and Fischer C. Treatment of Huntington disease with gamma-acetylenic GABA an irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transaminase: increased CSF GABA and homocarnosine without clinical amelioration. Neurology 31 (1981) 207-211
    • (1981) Neurology , vol.31 , pp. 207-211
    • Tell, G.1    Bohlen, P.2    Schechter, P.J.3    Koch-Weser, J.4    Agid, Y.5    Bonnet, A.M.6    Coquillat, G.7    Chazot, G.8    Fischer, C.9
  • 244
    • 0031405612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the antidopaminergic effect of clonazepam and melatonin in striatum
    • Tenn C.C., and Niles L.P. Mechanisms underlying the antidopaminergic effect of clonazepam and melatonin in striatum. Neuropharmacology 36 (1997) 1659-1663
    • (1997) Neuropharmacology , vol.36 , pp. 1659-1663
    • Tenn, C.C.1    Niles, L.P.2
  • 245
    • 5044224808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic microcircuits in the neostriatum
    • Tepper J.M., Koos T., and Wilson C.J. GABAergic microcircuits in the neostriatum. Trends Neurosci. 27 (2004) 662-669
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 662-669
    • Tepper, J.M.1    Koos, T.2    Wilson, C.J.3
  • 246
    • 0036549260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity patterns in a model for the subthalamopallidal network of the basal ganglia
    • Terman D., Rubin J.E., Yew A.C., and Wilson C.J. Activity patterns in a model for the subthalamopallidal network of the basal ganglia. J. Neurosci. 22 (2002) 2963-6976
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 2963-6976
    • Terman, D.1    Rubin, J.E.2    Yew, A.C.3    Wilson, C.J.4
  • 248
    • 0344861822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA(A) receptor subunit and gephyrin protein changes differ in the globus pallidus in Huntington's diseased brain
    • Thompson-Vest N.M., Waldvogel H.J., Rees M.I., and Faull R.L. GABA(A) receptor subunit and gephyrin protein changes differ in the globus pallidus in Huntington's diseased brain. Brain Res. 994 (2003) 265-270
    • (2003) Brain Res. , vol.994 , pp. 265-270
    • Thompson-Vest, N.M.1    Waldvogel, H.J.2    Rees, M.I.3    Faull, R.L.4
  • 249
    • 21744461614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for endocannabinoids in the generation of parkinsonism and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP-lesioned non-human primate models of Parkinson's disease
    • van der Stelt M., Fox S.H., Hill M., Crossman A.R., Petrosino S., Di Marzo V., and Brotchie J.M. A role for endocannabinoids in the generation of parkinsonism and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP-lesioned non-human primate models of Parkinson's disease. FASEB J. 19 (2005) 1140-1142
    • (2005) FASEB J. , vol.19 , pp. 1140-1142
    • van der Stelt, M.1    Fox, S.H.2    Hill, M.3    Crossman, A.R.4    Petrosino, S.5    Di Marzo, V.6    Brotchie, J.M.7
  • 252
    • 0036927664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of dystonia: a neuronal model
    • Vitek J.L. Pathophysiology of dystonia: a neuronal model. Mov. Disord. 17 Suppl. 3 (2002) S49-S62
    • (2002) Mov. Disord. , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 254
    • 0000203952 scopus 로고
    • e) segments of the globus pallidus (GP) of parkinsonian patients is similar to that in the MPTP-treated primate model of parkinsonism
    • e) segments of the globus pallidus (GP) of parkinsonian patients is similar to that in the MPTP-treated primate model of parkinsonism. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19 (1993) 1584
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , pp. 1584
    • Vitek, J.L.1    Kaneoke, Y.2    Turner, R.3    Baron, M.4    Bakay, R.5    DeLong, M.6
  • 256
    • 0032743729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired reaching and grasping after focal inactivation of globus pallidus pars interna in the monkey
    • Wenger K.K., Musch K.L., and Mink J.W. Impaired reaching and grasping after focal inactivation of globus pallidus pars interna in the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 82 (1999) 2049-2060
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.82 , pp. 2049-2060
    • Wenger, K.K.1    Musch, K.L.2    Mink, J.W.3
  • 257
    • 84924924006 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the subthalamus of the rhesus monkey. II. Hyperkinesia and other physiologic effects of subthalamic lesions with special references to the subthalamic nucleus of Luys
    • Whittier J.R., and Mettler F.A. Studies of the subthalamus of the rhesus monkey. II. Hyperkinesia and other physiologic effects of subthalamic lesions with special references to the subthalamic nucleus of Luys. J. Comp. Neurol. 90 (1949) 319-372
    • (1949) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.90 , pp. 319-372
    • Whittier, J.R.1    Mettler, F.A.2
  • 258
    • 0028048579 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. I. Functional properties in intact animals
    • Wichmann T., Bergman H., and DeLong M.R. The primate subthalamic nucleus. I. Functional properties in intact animals. J. Neurophysiol. 72 (1994) 494-506
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 494-506
    • Wichmann, T.1    Bergman, H.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 259
    • 0027979048 scopus 로고
    • The primate subthalamic nucleus. III. Changes in motor behavior and neuronal activity in the internal pallidum induced by subthalamic inactivation in the MPTP model of parkinsonism
    • Wichmann T., Bergman H., and DeLong M.R. The primate subthalamic nucleus. III. Changes in motor behavior and neuronal activity in the internal pallidum induced by subthalamic inactivation in the MPTP model of parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol. 72 (1994) 521-530
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 521-530
    • Wichmann, T.1    Bergman, H.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 260
    • 0032896281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of MPTP-induced changes in spontaneous neuronal discharge in the internal pallidal segment and in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in primates
    • Wichmann T., Bergman H., Starr P.A., Subramanian T., Watts R.L., and DeLong M.R. Comparison of MPTP-induced changes in spontaneous neuronal discharge in the internal pallidal segment and in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in primates. Exp. Brain Res. 125 (1999) 397-409
    • (1999) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.125 , pp. 397-409
    • Wichmann, T.1    Bergman, H.2    Starr, P.A.3    Subramanian, T.4    Watts, R.L.5    DeLong, M.R.6
  • 261
    • 0037208608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease
    • Wichmann T., and DeLong M.R. Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease. Adv. Neurol. 91 (2003) 9-18
    • (2003) Adv. Neurol. , vol.91 , pp. 9-18
    • Wichmann, T.1    DeLong, M.R.2
  • 262
    • 33646199809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia is correlated with EEG in normal and parkinsonina primates
    • Wichmann T., Gatev P.G., and Kliem M.A. Neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia is correlated with EEG in normal and parkinsonina primates. Mov. Disord. (Abstract Volume) 17 Suppl. 5 (2002) S155
    • (2002) Mov. Disord. (Abstract Volume) , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 5
    • Wichmann, T.1    Gatev, P.G.2    Kliem, M.A.3
  • 263
    • 0035132955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiparkinsonian and behavioral effects of inactivation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in hemiparkinsonian primates
    • Wichmann T., Kliem M.A., and DeLong M.R. Antiparkinsonian and behavioral effects of inactivation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in hemiparkinsonian primates. Exp. Neurol. 167 (2001) 410-424
    • (2001) Exp. Neurol. , vol.167 , pp. 410-424
    • Wichmann, T.1    Kliem, M.A.2    DeLong, M.R.3
  • 264
    • 0019191524 scopus 로고
    • Fine structure and synaptic connections of the common spiny neuron of the rat neostriatum: a study employing intracellular inject of horseradish peroxidase
    • Wilson C.J., and Groves P.M. Fine structure and synaptic connections of the common spiny neuron of the rat neostriatum: a study employing intracellular inject of horseradish peroxidase. J. Comp. Neurol. 194 (1980) 599-615
    • (1980) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.194 , pp. 599-615
    • Wilson, C.J.1    Groves, P.M.2
  • 265
    • 0033773734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus on extracellular glutamate and GABA in substantia nigra and globus pallidus in the normal rat
    • Windels F., Bruet N., Poupard A., Urbain N., Chouvet G., Feuerstein C., and Savasta M. Effects of high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus on extracellular glutamate and GABA in substantia nigra and globus pallidus in the normal rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12 (2000) 4141-4146
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 4141-4146
    • Windels, F.1    Bruet, N.2    Poupard, A.3    Urbain, N.4    Chouvet, G.5    Feuerstein, C.6    Savasta, M.7
  • 266
    • 19044363720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pallidal origin of GABA release within the substantia nigra pars reticulata during high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus
    • Windels F., Carcenac C., Poupard A., and Savasta M. Pallidal origin of GABA release within the substantia nigra pars reticulata during high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. J. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 5079-5086
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 5079-5086
    • Windels, F.1    Carcenac, C.2    Poupard, A.3    Savasta, M.4
  • 267
    • 0033054208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranigral transplants of GABA-rich striatal tissue induce behavioral recovery in the rat Parkinson model and promote the effects obtained by intrastriatal dopaminergic transplants
    • Winkler C., Bentlage C., Nikkhah G., Samii M., and Bjorklund A. Intranigral transplants of GABA-rich striatal tissue induce behavioral recovery in the rat Parkinson model and promote the effects obtained by intrastriatal dopaminergic transplants. Exp. Neurol. 155 (1999) 165-186
    • (1999) Exp. Neurol. , vol.155 , pp. 165-186
    • Winkler, C.1    Bentlage, C.2    Nikkhah, G.3    Samii, M.4    Bjorklund, A.5
  • 268
    • 0034282256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The organization of the striatal output system: a single-cell juxtacellular labeling study in the rat
    • Wu Y., Richard S., and Parent A. The organization of the striatal output system: a single-cell juxtacellular labeling study in the rat. Neurosci. Res. 38 (2000) 49-62
    • (2000) Neurosci. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 49-62
    • Wu, Y.1    Richard, S.2    Parent, A.3
  • 269
    • 0026069245 scopus 로고
    • Differential roles of the caudate nucleus and putamen in motor behavior of the cat as investigated by local injection of GABA antagonists
    • Yoshida M., Nagatsuka Y., Muramatsu S., and Niijima K. Differential roles of the caudate nucleus and putamen in motor behavior of the cat as investigated by local injection of GABA antagonists. Neurosci. Res. 10 (1991) 34-51
    • (1991) Neurosci. Res. , vol.10 , pp. 34-51
    • Yoshida, M.1    Nagatsuka, Y.2    Muramatsu, S.3    Niijima, K.4
  • 270
    • 0035071145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the gene expression of GABA(A) receptor alpha1 and alpha2 subunits and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the basal ganglia of the rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion and embryonic mesencephalic grafts
    • Yu T.S., Wang S.D., Liu J.C., and Yin H.S. Changes in the gene expression of GABA(A) receptor alpha1 and alpha2 subunits and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the basal ganglia of the rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion and embryonic mesencephalic grafts. Exp. Neurol. 168 (2001) 231-241
    • (2001) Exp. Neurol. , vol.168 , pp. 231-241
    • Yu, T.S.1    Wang, S.D.2    Liu, J.C.3    Yin, H.S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.