메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 4-16

The Indian Ocean dipole - The unsung driver of climatic variability in East Africa

Author keywords

Biodiversity Pollen; Eastern Arc Mountains; Indian Ocean Dipole

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE EFFECT; CLIMATE VARIATION; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; OCEANIC CIRCULATION;

EID: 33847212510     PISSN: 01416707     EISSN: 13652028     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00707.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (171)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0032917675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden climate transitions during the Quaternary
    • ADAMS, J., MASLIN, M. & THOMAS, E. (1999) Sudden climate transitions during the Quaternary. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 23, 1-36.
    • (1999) Prog. Phys. Geogr , vol.23 , pp. 1-36
    • ADAMS, J.1    MASLIN, M.2    THOMAS, E.3
  • 3
    • 0035671505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the Indian Ocean dipole on the relationship between the Indian monsoon rainfall and ENSO
    • ASHOK, K., GUAN, Z. & YAMAGATA, T. (2001) Impact of the Indian Ocean dipole on the relationship between the Indian monsoon rainfall and ENSO. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 4499-4502.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.28 , pp. 4499-4502
    • ASHOK, K.1    GUAN, Z.2    YAMAGATA, T.3
  • 6
    • 30944461871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilans hydriques de lacs (Kivu, Tanganykia, Rukwa et Nyassa) du rift Est-African. Musee Royal d' Afrique Central de Tervuren Belgique
    • BERGONZINI, L. (1998) Bilans hydriques de lacs (Kivu, Tanganykia, Rukwa et Nyassa) du rift Est-African. Musee Royal d' Afrique Central de Tervuren Belgique. Ann. Sci. Geol. 103, 82-91.
    • (1998) Ann. Sci. Geol , vol.103 , pp. 82-91
    • BERGONZINI, L.1
  • 7
    • 9744232198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zonal circulations over the Indian and Pacific Oceans and the levels of Lakes Victoria and Tanganyika
    • BERGONZINI, L., RICHARD, Y., PETIT, L. & CAMBERLINE, P. (2004) Zonal circulations over the Indian and Pacific Oceans and the levels of Lakes Victoria and Tanganyika. Int. J. Climatol. 24, 1613-1624.
    • (2004) Int. J. Climatol , vol.24 , pp. 1613-1624
    • BERGONZINI, L.1    RICHARD, Y.2    PETIT, L.3    CAMBERLINE, P.4
  • 8
    • 0004255043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 273 pp
    • BIGG, G.R. (1996) The Ocean and Climate. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 273 pp.
    • (1996) The Ocean and Climate
    • BIGG, G.R.1
  • 9
    • 0042304146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An observation study of the relationship between excessively short rains in coastal East Africa and Indian Ocean SST
    • BLACK, E., SLINGO, J. & SPERBER, K.R. (2003) An observation study of the relationship between excessively short rains in coastal East Africa and Indian Ocean SST. Mon. Weath. Rev. 131, 74-94.
    • (2003) Mon. Weath. Rev , vol.131 , pp. 74-94
    • BLACK, E.1    SLINGO, J.2    SPERBER, K.R.3
  • 10
    • 0033797139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrupt climatic change: Causal constraints provided by the palaeoclimate record
    • BROECKER, W.S. (2000) Abrupt climatic change: causal constraints provided by the palaeoclimate record. Earth Sci. Rev. 51, 137-154.
    • (2000) Earth Sci. Rev , vol.51 , pp. 137-154
    • BROECKER, W.S.1
  • 14
    • 0842331446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 48,000 years of climate and forest change in a biodiversity hot spot
    • BUSH, M.A., SILMAN, M.R. & URREGO, D.H. (2004) 48,000 years of climate and forest change in a biodiversity hot spot. Science 303, 827-829.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 827-829
    • BUSH, M.A.1    SILMAN, M.R.2    URREGO, D.H.3
  • 15
    • 0037148777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change
    • CLARK, P.U., PISIAS, N.G., STOCKER, T.F. & WEAVER, A.J. (2002) The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change. Nature 415, 863-869.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.415 , pp. 863-869
    • CLARK, P.U.1    PISIAS, N.G.2    STOCKER, T.F.3    WEAVER, A.J.4
  • 16
    • 0042593383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño/ Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium
    • COBB, K.M., CHARLES, C.D., CHENG, H. & EDWARDS, L. (2003) El Niño/ Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium. Nature 424, 271-276.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 271-276
    • COBB, K.M.1    CHARLES, C.D.2    CHENG, H.3    EDWARDS, L.4
  • 17
    • 0034723249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical Pacific forcing of decadal SST variability in the western Indian Ocean over the past two centuries
    • COLE, J.E., DUNBAR, R.B., MCCLANAHAN, T.R. & MUTHIGA, N.A. (2000) Tropical Pacific forcing of decadal SST variability in the western Indian Ocean over the past two centuries. Science 287, 617-619.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 617-619
    • COLE, J.E.1    DUNBAR, R.B.2    MCCLANAHAN, T.R.3    MUTHIGA, N.A.4
  • 18
    • 0035710253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENSO variability, teleconnections and climate change
    • DIAZ, H., HOERLING, M.P. & EISCHEID, J.K. (2001) ENSO variability, teleconnections and climate change. Int. J. Climatol. 21, 1845-1862.
    • (2001) Int. J. Climatol , vol.21 , pp. 1845-1862
    • DIAZ, H.1    HOERLING, M.P.2    EISCHEID, J.K.3
  • 19
    • 0037426880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead, lags and the tropics
    • DUNBAR, R.B. (2003) Lead, lags and the tropics. Nature 421, 121-122.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 121-122
    • DUNBAR, R.B.1
  • 20
    • 0037022023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of a subalpine grass-dominated ecosystem, Lake Rutundu, Mount Kenya: A novel multi-proxy approach
    • FICKEN, K. , WOOLLER, M., SWAIN, D., STREET-PERROTT, F. & ENGLINTON, G. (2002) Reconstruction of a subalpine grass-dominated ecosystem, Lake Rutundu, Mount Kenya: a novel multi-proxy approach. Palaeogeog, Palaeoclim, Palaeoecol. 177, 137-149.
    • (2002) Palaeogeog, Palaeoclim, Palaeoecol , vol.177 , pp. 137-149
    • FICKEN, K.1    WOOLLER, M.2    SWAIN, D.3    STREET-PERROTT, F.4    ENGLINTON, G.5
  • 21
    • 0030618327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and environmental stability
    • FJELDSÅ, J. & LOVETT, J.C. (1997) Biodiversity and environmental stability. Biodivers. Conserv. 6, 315-323.
    • (1997) Biodivers. Conserv , vol.6 , pp. 315-323
    • FJELDSÅ, J.1    LOVETT, J.C.2
  • 22
    • 0036210537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diatom-inferred salinity and carbonated oxygen isotopes in Holocene waterbodies of the western Sahara and Sahel (Africa)
    • GASSE, F. (2002) Diatom-inferred salinity and carbonated oxygen isotopes in Holocene waterbodies of the western Sahara and Sahel (Africa). Quatern. Sci. Rev. 21, 737-767.
    • (2002) Quatern. Sci. Rev , vol.21 , pp. 737-767
    • GASSE, F.1
  • 23
    • 33751291229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 'large infrequent disturbance' in an East African savannah
    • GILLSON, L. (2006) A 'large infrequent disturbance' in an East African savannah. Afr. J. Ecol. 44, 458-467.
    • (2006) Afr. J. Ecol , vol.44 , pp. 458-467
    • GILLSON, L.1
  • 24
    • 0034471723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the structure of a coastal fish assemblage exploited by a small scale gillnet fishery during an El Niño-La Niña event
    • GODÍNEZ-DOMINQUEZ, L., ROJO- VAZQUEZ, J.R., GALVAN-PINA, V. & AGUILAR-PALOMINO, B. (2000) Changes in the structure of a coastal fish assemblage exploited by a small scale gillnet fishery during an El Niño-La Niña event. East. Coast. Shelf Sci. 51, 773-787.
    • (2000) East. Coast. Shelf Sci , vol.51 , pp. 773-787
    • GODÍNEZ-DOMINQUEZ, L.1    ROJO- VAZQUEZ, J.R.2    GALVAN-PINA, V.3    AGUILAR-PALOMINO, B.4
  • 25
    • 0033609587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of the Indian Ocean for simulating rainfall anomalies over eastern and southern Africa
    • GODDARD, L. & GRAHAM, N.E. (1999) Importance of the Indian Ocean for simulating rainfall anomalies over eastern and southern Africa. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 19099-19116.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res , vol.104 , pp. 19099-19116
    • GODDARD, L.1    GRAHAM, N.E.2
  • 26
    • 0037461724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean
    • GUPTA, A.K., ANDERSEN, D.M. & OVERPECK, J.T. (2003) Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 421, 354-357.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 354-357
    • GUPTA, A.K.1    ANDERSEN, D.M.2    OVERPECK, J.T.3
  • 28
    • 0034923437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations of East African climate during the past two centuries
    • HASTENRATH, S. (2001) Variations of East African climate during the past two centuries. Clim. Change 50, 209-217.
    • (2001) Clim. Change , vol.50 , pp. 209-217
    • HASTENRATH, S.1
  • 29
    • 4544286148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the predictability of the short rains at the coast of East Africa
    • HASTENRATH, S., POLZIN, D. & CAMBERLIN, P. (2004) Exploring the predictability of the short rains at the coast of East Africa. Int. J. Climatol. 24, 1333-1343.
    • (2004) Int. J. Climatol , vol.24 , pp. 1333-1343
    • HASTENRATH, S.1    POLZIN, D.2    CAMBERLIN, P.3
  • 30
    • 33748150077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: Hidden endemics and missing bamboo
    • HEMP, A. (2006) Vegetation of Kilimanjaro: hidden endemics and missing bamboo. Afr. J. Ecol. 44, 305-328.
    • (2006) Afr. J. Ecol , vol.44 , pp. 305-328
    • HEMP, A.1
  • 33
    • 0037023359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-resolution palaeoclimate record spanning the past 25,000 years in southern East Africa
    • JOHNSON, T., BROWN, E., MCMANUS, J., BARRY, S., BARKER, P. & GASSE, F. (2002) A high-resolution palaeoclimate record spanning the past 25,000 years in southern East Africa. Science. 296, 113-117.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 113-117
    • JOHNSON, T.1    BROWN, E.2    MCMANUS, J.3    BARRY, S.4    BARKER, P.5    GASSE, F.6
  • 34
    • 0029753671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional teleconnection patterns associated with summer rainfall over South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe
    • JURY, M.R. (1996) Regional teleconnection patterns associated with summer rainfall over South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe. Int. J. Climatol. 16, 135-153.
    • (1996) Int. J. Climatol , vol.16 , pp. 135-153
    • JURY, M.R.1
  • 35
    • 0141959011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warming Indian Ocean wringing moisture from the Sahel
    • KERR, R.A. (2003) Warming Indian Ocean wringing moisture from the Sahel. Science 302, 210-211.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 210-211
    • KERR, R.A.1
  • 36
    • 0033563598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for generating ENSO decadal variability
    • KLEEMAN, R., MCCREARY, J.P. & KLINGER, B.A. (1999) A mechanism for generating ENSO decadal variability. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 1743-1746.
    • (1999) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.26 , pp. 1743-1746
    • KLEEMAN, R.1    MCCREARY, J.P.2    KLINGER, B.A.3
  • 37
    • 0037067625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño-like pattern in Ice Age tropical Pacific Sea surface temperature
    • KOUTAVAS, A., LYNCH-STIEGLITZ, J., MARCHITTO, T.M., Jr & SACHS, J.P. (2002) El Niño-like pattern in Ice Age tropical Pacific Sea surface temperature. Science 297, 226-230.
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 226-230
    • KOUTAVAS, A.1    LYNCH-STIEGLITZ, J.2    MARCHITTO Jr, T.M.3    SACHS, J.P.4
  • 38
    • 3843063592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northeast monsoon variability over south peninsular India vis-à-vis the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode
    • KRIPALANI, R.H. & KUMAR, P. (2004) Northeast monsoon variability over south peninsular India vis-à-vis the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode. Int. J. Climatol. 24, 1267-1282.
    • (2004) Int. J. Climatol , vol.24 , pp. 1267-1282
    • KRIPALANI, R.H.1    KUMAR, P.2
  • 39
    • 0033603403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the weakening relationship between the Indian Monsoon and ENSO
    • KUMAR, K.K., RAJAGOPALAN, B. & CANE, M.A. (1999) On the weakening relationship between the Indian Monsoon and ENSO. Science 284, 2156-2159.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 2156-2159
    • KUMAR, K.K.1    RAJAGOPALAN, B.2    CANE, M.A.3
  • 40
    • 31144438047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The earliest record of Banana in Africa
    • LEJJU, B.J., TAYLOR, D. & ROBERTSHAW, P. (2006) The earliest record of Banana in Africa. J. Arch. Sci. 33, 102-113.
    • (2006) J. Arch. Sci , vol.33 , pp. 102-113
    • LEJJU, B.J.1    TAYLOR, D.2    ROBERTSHAW, P.3
  • 41
    • 33847227933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LOVETT, J.C. & FRIIS, I. (1996) Patterns of endemism in the woody flora of the north-east and east Africa. In: The Biodiversity of African Plants (Eds L. G. van der MAESEN, X. van der BURGT and J. van MEDENBACH DE ROOY). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
    • LOVETT, J.C. & FRIIS, I. (1996) Patterns of endemism in the woody flora of the north-east and east Africa. In: The Biodiversity of African Plants (Eds L. G. van der MAESEN, X. van der BURGT and J. van MEDENBACH DE ROOY). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
  • 42
    • 49749125808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The oldest rainforests in Africa: Stability or resilience for survival and diversity?
    • Eds A. PURVIS, J. GITTLEMAN and T. BROOKS, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K
    • LOVETT, J.C., MARCHANT, R., TAPLIN, J. & KÜPER, W. (2006) The oldest rainforests in Africa: stability or resilience for survival and diversity? In: Phylogeny and Conservation (Eds A. PURVIS, J. GITTLEMAN and T. BROOKS). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
    • (2006) Phylogeny and Conservation
    • LOVETT, J.C.1    MARCHANT, R.2    TAPLIN, J.3    KÜPER, W.4
  • 43
    • 0010640392 scopus 로고
    • The role of clouds in the evolution of tropical African palaeoenvironments
    • MALEY, J. & ELENGA, H. (1993) The role of clouds in the evolution of tropical African palaeoenvironments. Veille Clim. Satell. 46, 51-63.
    • (1993) Veille Clim. Satell , vol.46 , pp. 51-63
    • MALEY, J.1    ELENGA, H.2
  • 44
    • 3242737701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid environmental change in tropical Africa and Latin America about 4000 years before present: A review
    • MARCHANT, R.A. & HOOGHIEMSTRA, H. (2004) Rapid environmental change in tropical Africa and Latin America about 4000 years before present: a review. Earth Sci. Rev. 66, 217-260.
    • (2004) Earth Sci. Rev , vol.66 , pp. 217-260
    • MARCHANT, R.A.1    HOOGHIEMSTRA, H.2
  • 45
    • 0031456783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Pleistocene and Holocene History at Mubwindi Swamp, southwest Uganda
    • MARCHANT, R.A., TAYLOR, D.M. & HAMILTON, A.C. (1997) Late Pleistocene and Holocene History at Mubwindi Swamp, southwest Uganda. Quatern. Res. 47, 316-328.
    • (1997) Quatern. Res , vol.47 , pp. 316-328
    • MARCHANT, R.A.1    TAYLOR, D.M.2    HAMILTON, A.C.3
  • 46
    • 0032747550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High resolution planktonic foraminiferal record of the last 13,300 years from an up welling area off Chile
    • MARCHANT, M., HEBBLEN, D. & WEFER, G. (1999) High resolution planktonic foraminiferal record of the last 13,300 years from an up welling area off Chile. Mar. Geol. 161, 115-128.
    • (1999) Mar. Geol , vol.161 , pp. 115-128
    • MARCHANT, M.1    HEBBLEN, D.2    WEFER, G.3
  • 47
    • 0037079021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity at millennial timescales during the Holocene epoch
    • MOY, C.M., SELTZER, G.O., RODBELL, D.T. & ANDERSON, D.M. (2002) Variability of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity at millennial timescales during the Holocene epoch. Nature 420, 162-165.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 162-165
    • MOY, C.M.1    SELTZER, G.O.2    RODBELL, D.T.3    ANDERSON, D.M.4
  • 48
    • 33847233516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first Late Quaternary vegetation reconstruction from the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania
    • in press
    • MUMBI, C. T., MARCHANT, R., HOOGHIEMSTRA, H. & WOOLLER, M. J. (in press) The first Late Quaternary vegetation reconstruction from the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania. Quat Res.
    • Quat Res
    • MUMBI, C.T.1    MARCHANT, R.2    HOOGHIEMSTRA, H.3    WOOLLER, M.J.4
  • 49
    • 0034708178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity priorities for conservation hotspots
    • MYERS, N., MITTERMEIER, C.G., DA FONSECA, G.A.B. & KENT, J. (2000) Biodiversity priorities for conservation hotspots. Nature 403, 853-858.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 853-858
    • MYERS, N.1    MITTERMEIER, C.G.2    DA FONSECA, G.A.B.3    KENT, J.4
  • 50
    • 0001865253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of climate dynamics and climate variability in Eastern Africa
    • Eds T. JOHNSON and E. ODADA, Gordon and Breack Publishers, Amsterdam
    • NICHOLSON, S.E. (1996) A review of climate dynamics and climate variability in Eastern Africa. In: The Liminology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes (Eds T. JOHNSON and E. ODADA). Gordon and Breack Publishers, Amsterdam.
    • (1996) The Liminology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes
    • NICHOLSON, S.E.1
  • 51
    • 0037099984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A centennial-scale variability of tropical North Atlantic surface hydrology during the late Holocene
    • NYBERG, J., MALMGREN, B.A., KUIJPERS, A. & WINTER, A. (2002) A centennial-scale variability of tropical North Atlantic surface hydrology during the late Holocene. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 183, 25-41.
    • (2002) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.183 , pp. 25-41
    • NYBERG, J.1    MALMGREN, B.A.2    KUIJPERS, A.3    WINTER, A.4
  • 52
    • 0023709150 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between seasonal rainfall in East Africa and the southern oscillation
    • OGALLO, L.J. (1988) Relationships between seasonal rainfall in East Africa and the southern oscillation. J. Climate 8, 31-43.
    • (1988) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 31-43
    • OGALLO, L.J.1
  • 53
    • 84936442041 scopus 로고
    • Teleconnections between seasonal rainfall over East Africa and global sea surface temperature anomalies
    • OGALLO, L.J., JANIOWIAK, J.K. & HALPERT, M.S. (1988) Teleconnections between seasonal rainfall over East Africa and global sea surface temperature anomalies. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan 66, 807-821.
    • (1988) J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan , vol.66 , pp. 807-821
    • OGALLO, L.J.1    JANIOWIAK, J.K.2    HALPERT, M.S.3
  • 54
    • 33645822952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria risk and temperature: Influences from global climate change and local land use practices
    • PATZ, J.A. & OLSON, S.H. (2006) Malaria risk and temperature: influences from global climate change and local land use practices. PNAS 103, 5635-5636.
    • (2006) PNAS , vol.103 , pp. 5635-5636
    • PATZ, J.A.1    OLSON, S.H.2
  • 55
    • 33646366416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monsoon-induced cooling of the western equatorial Indian Ocean as recorded in coral oxygen isotope records from the Seychelles covering the period of 1840-1994 AD
    • PFEIFFER, M. & DULLO, W.-C. (2006) Monsoon-induced cooling of the western equatorial Indian Ocean as recorded in coral oxygen isotope records from the Seychelles covering the period of 1840-1994 AD. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 25, 993-1009.
    • (2006) Quatern. Sci. Rev , vol.25 , pp. 993-1009
    • PFEIFFER, M.1    DULLO, W.-C.2
  • 56
    • 0033133389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rechauffemenet global et El Niño: Une revue des connaissances actuelles
    • PLANTON, S. (1999) Rechauffemenet global et El Niño: une revue des connaissances actuelles. Med. Mal. Infect. 29, 267-276.
    • (1999) Med. Mal. Infect , vol.29 , pp. 267-276
    • PLANTON, S.1
  • 57
    • 0034469851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of ENSO on East African ecosystems: A multivariate analysis based on climate and remote sensing data
    • PLISNER, P.D., SERNEELS, S. & LAMBIN, E.F. (2000) Impact of ENSO on East African ecosystems: a multivariate analysis based on climate and remote sensing data. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. Lett. 9, 481-497.
    • (2000) Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. Lett , vol.9 , pp. 481-497
    • PLISNER, P.D.1    SERNEELS, S.2    LAMBIN, E.F.3
  • 58
    • 0019178764 scopus 로고
    • Surface circulation of the Indian Ocean during the last glacial maximum, approximately 18000 yr BP
    • PRELL, W.L., HUTSON, W.H., WILLIAMS, D.F., BE, A.W.H., GEITZENAUER, K. & MOLFINO, B. (1980) Surface circulation of the Indian Ocean during the last glacial maximum, approximately 18000 yr BP. Quat. Res. 14, 309-336.
    • (1980) Quat. Res , vol.14 , pp. 309-336
    • PRELL, W.L.1    HUTSON, W.H.2    WILLIAMS, D.F.3    BE, A.W.H.4    GEITZENAUER, K.5    MOLFINO, B.6
  • 59
    • 0036216690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability in the subsurface Indian Ocean with a special emphasis on the Indian Ocean Dipole
    • RAO, S.A., BEHERA, S.K., MASUMOTO, Y. & YAMAGAT, T. (2001) Interannual variability in the subsurface Indian Ocean with a special emphasis on the Indian Ocean Dipole. Deep Sea Res. II 49, 1549-1572.
    • (2001) Deep Sea Res. II , vol.49 , pp. 1549-1572
    • RAO, S.A.1    BEHERA, S.K.2    MASUMOTO, Y.3    YAMAGAT, T.4
  • 60
    • 0037197132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of the Southern African circulation to dipole sea-surface temperature patterns in the South Indian Ocean
    • REASON, C.J.C. (2001) Sensitivity of the Southern African circulation to dipole sea-surface temperature patterns in the South Indian Ocean. Int. J. Climatol. 22, 377-393.
    • (2001) Int. J. Climatol , vol.22 , pp. 377-393
    • REASON, C.J.C.1
  • 61
    • 0022848878 scopus 로고
    • Interannual displacements of convection and surface circulation over the equatorial Indian Ocean
    • REVERDIN, G., CADET, D.L. & GUTZLER, D. (1986) Interannual displacements of convection and surface circulation over the equatorial Indian Ocean. Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 112, 46-67.
    • (1986) Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc , vol.112 , pp. 46-67
    • REVERDIN, G.1    CADET, D.L.2    GUTZLER, D.3
  • 62
    • 0010271560 scopus 로고
    • Variabilite pluviometrique en Afrique du Sud-Est
    • RICHARD, Y. (1994) Variabilite pluviometrique en Afrique du Sud-Est. La Meteorol. 8, 11-22.
    • (1994) La Meteorol , vol.8 , pp. 11-22
    • RICHARD, Y.1
  • 63
    • 0035875233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 20th Century droughts in Southern Africa: Spatial and temporal variability, teleconnections with oceanic and atmospheric conditions
    • RICHARD, Y., FAUCHEREAU, N., POCCARD, I., ROUAULT, M. & TRZASKA, S. (2001) 20th Century droughts in Southern Africa: spatial and temporal variability, teleconnections with oceanic and atmospheric conditions. Int. J. Climatol. 21, 873-885.
    • (2001) Int. J. Climatol , vol.21 , pp. 873-885
    • RICHARD, Y.1    FAUCHEREAU, N.2    POCCARD, I.3    ROUAULT, M.4    TRZASKA, S.5
  • 64
    • 0021058855 scopus 로고
    • African monsoons, an immediate climate response to orbital insolation
    • ROSSIGNAL-STRICK, M. (1983) African monsoons, an immediate climate response to orbital insolation. Nature 304, 46-49.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.304 , pp. 46-49
    • ROSSIGNAL-STRICK, M.1
  • 65
    • 0345874478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible impacts of Indian Ocean dipole mode events on global climate
    • SAJI, N.H. & YAMAGATA, T. (2003) Possible impacts of Indian Ocean dipole mode events on global climate. Clim. Res. 25, 151-169.
    • (2003) Clim. Res , vol.25 , pp. 151-169
    • SAJI, N.H.1    YAMAGATA, T.2
  • 67
  • 68
    • 84879882971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations in Holocene El Niño frequencies: Climate records and cultural consequences in ancient Peru
    • SANDWEISS, D.H., MAASCH, K.A., BURGER, R.L., RICHARDSON, J.B., III, ROLLINS, H.B. & CLEMENT, A. (2001) Variations in Holocene El Niño frequencies: climate records and cultural consequences in ancient Peru. Geology 29, 603-606.
    • (2001) Geology , vol.29 , pp. 603-606
    • SANDWEISS, D.H.1    MAASCH, K.A.2    BURGER, R.L.3    RICHARDSON III, J.B.4    ROLLINS, H.B.5    CLEMENT, A.6
  • 71
    • 0025198313 scopus 로고
    • Abrupt climatic fluctuations in the tropics, the influence of Atlantic Ocean circulation
    • STREET-PERROTT, A.F. & PERROT, R.A. (1990) Abrupt climatic fluctuations in the tropics, the influence of Atlantic Ocean circulation. Nature 343, 607-612.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 607-612
    • STREET-PERROTT, A.F.1    PERROT, R.A.2
  • 72
    • 0025658097 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary pollen records from two Ugandan mires: Evidence for environmental change in the Rukiga Highlands of southwest Uganda
    • TAYLOR, D. (1990) Late Quaternary pollen records from two Ugandan mires: evidence for environmental change in the Rukiga Highlands of southwest Uganda. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 80, 283-300.
    • (1990) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.80 , pp. 283-300
    • TAYLOR, D.1
  • 74
    • 0030776613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the ENSO signal over the Indo-Pacific domain
    • TOURRE, Y.M. & WHITE, W.B. (1997) Evolution of the ENSO signal over the Indo-Pacific domain. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 683-696.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.27 , pp. 683-696
    • TOURRE, Y.M.1    WHITE, W.B.2
  • 75
    • 0042808449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The past and future of El Niño
    • TUDHOPE, S. & COLLINS, M. (2003) The past and future of El Niño. Nature 424, 261-262.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 261-262
    • TUDHOPE, S.1    COLLINS, M.2
  • 76
    • 1642586300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Millennial and orbital variations of El Niño/Southern Oscillation and high-latitude climate in the last glacial period
    • TURNEY, C.S.M., KERSHAW, A.P., CLEMENS, S.C., BRANCH, N., MOSS, P.T. & FIFIELD, L.K. (2004) Millennial and orbital variations of El Niño/Southern Oscillation and high-latitude climate in the last glacial period. Nature 428, 306-310.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 306-310
    • TURNEY, C.S.M.1    KERSHAW, A.P.2    CLEMENS, S.C.3    BRANCH, N.4    MOSS, P.T.5    FIFIELD, L.K.6
  • 78
    • 0033153598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of the equatorial Indian Ocean to an unusual wind event during 1994
    • VINAYACHANDRAN, P., SAJI, N.H. & YAMAGATA, T. (2002) Response of the equatorial Indian Ocean to an unusual wind event during 1994. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 1613-1616.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.26 , pp. 1613-1616
    • VINAYACHANDRAN, P.1    SAJI, N.H.2    YAMAGATA, T.3
  • 80
    • 0033598342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98
    • WEBSTER, P.J., MOORE, A.M., LOSCHNIGG, J.P. & LEBEN, R.R. (1999) Coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98. Nature 401, 356-360.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 356-360
    • WEBSTER, P.J.1    MOORE, A.M.2    LOSCHNIGG, J.P.3    LEBEN, R.R.4
  • 81
    • 0033512753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in surface air temperatures in relation to El Niño and cataclysmic volcanic eruptions, 1796-1882
    • WILSON, R. (1999) Variation in surface air temperatures in relation to El Niño and cataclysmic volcanic eruptions, 1796-1882. J. Atmos. Terres. Phys. 61, 1307-1319.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Terres. Phys , vol.61 , pp. 1307-1319
    • WILSON, R.1
  • 82
    • 0035470762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late Holocene palaeoclimatic changes in western Central Africa inferred from mineral abundance in dated sediments from Lake Ossa (southwest Cameroon)
    • WIRRMANN, D., BERTAUX, J. & KOSSONI, A. (2001) Late Holocene palaeoclimatic changes in western Central Africa inferred from mineral abundance in dated sediments from Lake Ossa (southwest Cameroon). Quatern. Res. 56, 275-287.
    • (2001) Quatern. Res , vol.56 , pp. 275-287
    • WIRRMANN, D.1    BERTAUX, J.2    KOSSONI, A.3
  • 83
    • 0141738362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments on 'Dipoles, temperature gradient, and tropical climate anomalies'. Bull
    • YAMAGATA, T., BEHERA, S.K., RAO, S.A., GUAN, Z., ASHOK, K. & SAJI, H.N. (2003) Comments on 'Dipoles, temperature gradient, and tropical climate anomalies'. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 84, 1418-1422.
    • (2003) Am. Meteorol. Soc , vol.84 , pp. 1418-1422
    • YAMAGATA, T.1    BEHERA, S.K.2    RAO, S.A.3    GUAN, Z.4    ASHOK, K.5    SAJI, H.N.6
  • 85
    • 0024192419 scopus 로고
    • A review of the Late Quaternary pollen studies in east and central Africa
    • van Zinderen-Bakker, E.M. & Coetzee, J.A. (1988) A review of the Late Quaternary pollen studies in east and central Africa. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 55, 155-174.
    • (1988) Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol , vol.55 , pp. 155-174
    • van Zinderen-Bakker, E.M.1    Coetzee, J.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.