Statins may ameliorate pulmonary hypertension via RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway

Medical Hypotheses

Volumn 68, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 1108-1113

  Xing, Xi Qian ^a   Gan, Ye ^a   Wu, Shang Jie ^a   Chen, Ping ^a   Zhou, Rui ^a   Xiang, Xu Dong ^a  

^a CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FARNESYL DIPHOSPHATE; GERANYLGERANYL PYROPHOSPHATE; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; ISOPRENOID; LIPID; RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; RHO KINASE; RHOA GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN;

APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CELL FUNCTION; CELL MEMBRANE; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHEMICAL REACTION; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INHIBITION KINETICS; ISOPRENYLATION; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ANIMALS; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES; RHOA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 33847035117     PISSN: 03069877     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.09.034     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Goldstein J.L., and Brown M.S. Regulation of the mevalonate pathway. Nature 343 (1990) 425-430
2. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., Rouleau J.L., Rutherford J.D., Cole T.G., et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and recurrent events trial investigators. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1001-1009
3. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF heart protection study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
4. Budzyn K., Marley P.D., and Sobey C.G. Targeting Rho and Rho-kinase in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 27 (2006) 97-104
5. Nishimura T., Faul J.L., Berry G.L., et al. Simvastatin attenuates smooth muscle neointimal proliferation and pulmonary hypertension in rats. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166 (2002) 1403-1408
6. Murata T., Kinoshita K., Hori M., et al. Statin protects endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25 (2005) 2335-2342
7. Nishimura T., Vaszar L.T., Faul J.L., et al. Simvastatin rescues rats from fatal pulmonary hypertension by inducing apoptosis in neointimal smooth muscle. Circulation 108 (2003) 1640-1645
8. Lee J.H., Lee D.S., Kim E.K., et al. Simvastatin inhibits cigarette smoking-induced emphysema and pulmonary hypertension in rat lungs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172 (2005) 987-993
9. Lee S.D., Lee J.H., Kim E.K., Choi K.H., Oh Y.M., and Shim T.S. Effects of simvastatin on cigarette smoking-induced structural and functional changes in rat lungs. Chest 128 (2005) 574S
10. Bar-Sagi D., and Hall A. Ras and Rho GTPases: a family reunion. Cell 103 (2000) 227-238
11. Rikitake Y., and Liao J.K. Rho GTPases, statins, and nitric oxide. Circ Res 97 (2005) 1232-1235
12. Casey P.J. Protein lipidation in cell signaling. Science 268 (1995) 221-225
13. Laufs U., and Liao J.K. Post-transcriptional regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA stability by Rho GTPase. J Biol Chem 273 (1998) 24266-24271
14. Laufs U., La Fata V., Plutzky J., and Liao J.K. Upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by HMG CoA reductase inhibitors. Circulation 97 (1998) 1129-1135
15. Kozai T., Eto M., Yang Z., Shimokawa H., and Luscher T.F. Statins prevent pulsatile stretch-induced proliferation of human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells via inhibition of Rho/Rho-kinase pathway. Cardiovasc Res 68 (2005) 475-482
16. Furuyama T., Komori K., Shimokawa H., et al. Long-term inhibition of Rho kinase suppresses intimal thickening in autologous vein grafts in rabbits. J Vasc Surg 43 (2006) 1249-1256
17. Guilluy C., Sauzeau V., Derkinderen M.R., et al. Inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase pathway is involved in the beneficial effect of sildenafil on pulmonary hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 146 (2005) 1010-1018
18. Nagaoka T., Gebb S.A., Karoor V., et al. Involvement of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling in pulmonary hypertension of the fawn-hooded rat. J Appl Physiol 100 (2006) 996-1002
19. 2+ desensitization in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle through inhibition of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 287 (2004) L1220-L1229
20. Hyvelin J.M., Howell K., Nichol A., Costello C.M., Preston R.J., and McLoughlin P. Inhibition of Rho-kinase attenuates hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in the pulmonary circulation. Circ Res 97 (2005) 185-191
21. Madaule P., and Axel R. A novel ras-related gene family. Cell 41 (1985) 31-40
22. Milburn M.V., Tong L., deVos A.M., et al. Molecular switch for signal transduction: structural differences between active and inactive forms of protooncogenic ras proteins. Science 247 (1990) 939-945
23. Etienne-Manneville S., and Hall A. Rho GTPases in cell biology. Nature 420 (2002) 629-635
24. Schmidt A., and Hall A. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases: turning on the switch. Genes Dev 16 (2002) 1587-1609
25. Moon S.Y., and Zheng Y. Rho GTPase-activating proteins in cell regulation. Trends Cell Biol 13 (2003) 13-22
26. Fukumoto Y., Kaibuchi K., Hori Y., et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of regulatory protein (GDI) for the rho proteins, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins. Oncogene 5 (1990) 1321-1328
27. Matsui T., Amano M., Yamamoto T., et al. Rho-associated kinase, a novel serine/threonine kinase, as a putative target for small GTP binding protein Rho. EMBO J 15 (1996) 2208-2216
28. Bishop A.L., and Hall A. Rho GTPases and their effector proteins. Biochem J 348 Pt 2 (2000) 241-255
29. Nakagawa O., Fujisawa K., Ishizaki T., Saito Y., Nakao K., and Narumiya S. ROCK-I and ROCK-II, two isoforms of Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein serine/threonine kinase in mice. FEBS Lett 392 (1996) 189-193
30. Kimura K., Ito M., Amano M., et al. Regulation of myosin phosphatase by Rho and Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase). Science 273 (1996) 245-248
31. Worthylake R.A., and Burridge K. RhoA and ROCK promote migration by limiting membrane protrusions. J Biol Chem 278 (2003) 13578-13584
32. Moore M., Marroquin B.A., Gugliotta W., Tse R., and White S.R. Rho kinase inhibition initiates apoptosis in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 30 (2004) 379-387
33. Khan I., Oriowo M.A., Chandrasekhar B., and Kadavil E.A. Attenuated noradrenaline-induced contraction of pulmonary arteries from rats treated with monocrotaline: role of Rho kinase. J Vasc Res 42 (2005) 433-440
34. Fagan K.A., Oka M., Bauer N.R., et al. Attenuation of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in mice by inhibition of Rho-kinase. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 287 (2004) L656-L664
35. Abe K., Shimokawa H., Morikawa K., et al. Long-term treatment with a Rho-kinase inhibitor improves monocrotaline-induced fatal pulmonary hypertension in rats. Circ Res 94 (2004) 385-393
36. Fukumoto Y., Matoba T., Ito A., et al. Acute vasodilator effects of a Rho-kinase inhibitor, fasudil, in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. Heart 91 (2005) 391-392
37. Ishikura K., Yamada N., Ito M., et al. Beneficial acute effects of Rho-kinase inhibitor in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circ J 70 (2006) 174-178
38. Humbert M., Sitbon O., and Simonneau G. Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med 351 (2004) 1425-1436
39. Fonseca J.C., Balzano C.D., and de Leon R.S. Endothelial dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. Arch Bronconeumol 41 (2005) 389-392
40. Giaid A., Yanagisawa M., Langleben D., et al. Expression of endothelin-1 in the lungs of patients with pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 328 (1993) 1732-1739
41. Celermajer D.S., Cullen S., and Deanfield J.E. Impairment of endothelium-dependent pulmonary artery relaxation in children with congenital heart disease and abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics. Circulation 87 (1993) 440-446
42. Tesfamariam B. The effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on endothelial function. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 6 (2006) 115-120
43. Shiga N., Hirano K., Hirano M., Nishimura J., Nawata H., and Kanaide H. Long-term inhibition of RhoA attenuates vascular contractility by enhancing endothelial NO production in an intact rabbit mesenteric artery. Circ Res 96 (2005) 1014-1021
44. Yamanouchi D., Banno H., Nakayama M., et al. Hydrophilic statin suppresses vein graft intimal hyperplasia via endothelial cell-tropic Rho-kinase inhibition. J Vasc Surg 42 (2005) 757-764
45. Hattori Y., Nakanishi N., and Kasai K. Statin enhances cytokine-mediated induction of nitric oxide synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 54 (2002) 649-658
46. Katoa T., Hashikabea H., Iwataa C., Akimotob K., and Hattori Y. Statin blocks Rho/Rho-kinase signalling and disrupts the actin cytoskeleton: relationship to enhancement of LPS-mediated nitric oxide synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1689 (2004) 267-272
47. Laufs U., Endres M., Stagliano N., et al. Neuroprotection mediated by changes in the endothelial actin cytoskeleton. J Clin Invest 106 (2000) 15-24
48. Yoneda A., Multhaupt H.A., and Couchman J.R. The Rho kinases I and II regulate different aspects of myosin II activity. J Cell Biol 170 (2005) 443-453
49. Kureishi Y., Kobayashi S., Amano M., et al. Rho-associated kinase directly induces smooth muscle contraction through myosin light chain phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 272 (1997) 12257-12260
50. Griscavage J.M., Hobbs A.J., and Ignarro L.J. Negative modulation of nitric oxide synthase by nitric oxide and nitroso compounds. Adv Pharmacol 34 (1995) 215-234
51. Laufs U., Fata V.L., and Liao J.K. Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase blocks hypoxia-mediated down-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J Biol Chem 272 (1997) 31725-31729
52. Takimoto M., Oda K., Sasaki Y., and Okada T. Endothelin-A receptor-mediated prostanoid secretion via autocrine and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis via paracrine signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. Endocrinology 137 (1996) 4542-4550
53. Kobzik L., Bredt D.S., Lowenstein C.J., et al. Nitric oxide synthase in human and rat lung: immunocytochemical and histochemical localization. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 9 (1993) 371-377
54. Arnett U.A., McMillan A., Dinerman J.L., Ballerman B., and Lowenstein C.J. Regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase during hypoxia. J Biol Chem 271 (1996) 15069-15073
55. Mandegara M., Fungb Y.B., Huangb W., Remillarda C.V., Rubina L.J., and Yuan J.X. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary vascular remodeling: role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. Microvasc Res 68 (2004) 75-103
56. MacLean M.R., Herve P., Eddahibi S., and Adnot S. 5-Hydroxytryptamine and the pulmonary circulation: receptors, transporters and relevance to pulmonary arterial hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 131 (2000) 161-168
57. Weigand L., Sylvester J.T., and Shimoda L.A. Mechanisms of endothelin-1-induced contraction in pulmonary arteries from chronically hypoxic rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 290 (2006) L284-L290
58. Scherer E.Q., Arnold W., and Wangemann P. Pharmacological reversal of endothelin-1 mediated constriction of the spiral modiolar artery: a potential new treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord 5 (2005) 10
59. Losapio J.L., Sprague R.S., Lonigro A.J., and Stephenson A.H. 5,6-EET-induced contraction of intralobar pulmonary arteries depends on the activation of Rho-kinase. J Appl Physiol 99 (2005) 1391-1396
60. Kamiyama M., Utsunomiya K., Taniguchi K., et al. Contribution of RhoA and Rho kinase to platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Atheroscler Thoromb 10 (2003) 117-123
61. Kip1. J Biol Chem 274 (1999) 21926-21931
62. Kip1 and PI3 Kinase. J Am Soc Nephrol 10 (1999) 1880-1890
63. Loirand G., Guerin P., and Pacaud P. Rho kinases in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Circ Res 98 (2006) 322-334
64. Blanco-Colio L.M., Villa A., Ortego M., et al. 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, atorvastatin and simvastatin, induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells by downregulation of Bcl-2 expression and RhoA prenylation. Atherosclerosis 161 (2002) 17-26
65. Kao P.N. Simvastatin treatment of pulmonary hypertension: an observational case. Chest 127 (2005) 1446-1452