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At low bias, <±0.5 V, the switch appeared to stop. This we believe to be due to direct tip-surface interaction. At low bias, electrons tunnel into the band gap, and because of the associated low conductivity the tip closely approaches the surface, by ∼3 Å from a starting height of ∼6 Å, to retain the set point tunneling current
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At low bias, <±0.5 V, the switch appeared to stop. This we believe to be due to direct tip-surface interaction. At low bias, electrons tunnel into the band gap, and because of the associated low conductivity the tip closely approaches the surface, by ∼3 Å from a starting height of ∼6 Å, to retain the set point tunneling current.
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A faulted chlorodecane corral (10 carbons) had an on-state lifetime of 800 ± 40 μs and an off-state lifetime of 380 ± 60 μs, which are similar to the chlorododecane (12 carbons) on-state lifetime of 930 ± 50 μs and off-state lifetime of 310 ± 20 μs. The unfaulted chlorodecane (10 carbons) corral had an on-state lifetime of 160 ± 20 μs and an off-state lifetime of 170 ± 25 μs. again similar to the chlorododecane (12 carbons) on-state lifetime of 150 ± 6 μs and off-state lifetime of 215 ± 16 μs.
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A faulted chlorodecane corral (10 carbons) had an on-state lifetime of 800 ± 40 μs and an off-state lifetime of 380 ± 60 μs, which are similar to the chlorododecane (12 carbons) on-state lifetime of 930 ± 50 μs and off-state lifetime of 310 ± 20 μs. The unfaulted chlorodecane (10 carbons) corral had an on-state lifetime of 160 ± 20 μs and an off-state lifetime of 170 ± 25 μs. again similar to the chlorododecane (12 carbons) on-state lifetime of 150 ± 6 μs and off-state lifetime of 215 ± 16 μs.
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Because of their negligible switching amplitude, time traces taken far removed from the center of the switching effect often lead to numerical instabilities in the auto-correlation analysis. We imposed the following acceptance criteria to remove unreliable data from the switching maps of Figure 3A.B: for the faulted corral only time traces with an on lifetime less than 1400 ms and an off lifetime greater than 330 ms were included, and for the unfaulted corral only time traces with an on lifetime less than 330 ms and an off lifetime less than 550 ms were included.
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Because of their negligible switching amplitude, time traces taken far removed from the center of the switching effect often lead to numerical instabilities in the auto-correlation analysis. We imposed the following acceptance criteria to remove unreliable data from the switching maps of Figure 3A.B: for the faulted corral only time traces with an "on" lifetime less than 1400 ms and an "off" lifetime greater than 330 ms were included, and for the unfaulted corral only time traces with an "on" lifetime less than 330 ms and an "off" lifetime less than 550 ms were included.
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A real STM tip is semi-infinite, which renders the energy distribution relatively flat over the whole bias regime. By contrast, STM tip models consist of a finite number of metal layers due to numerical limitations. This introduces quantum confinement into electronic states and a variation of the density of states with energy. If, as in the case of carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, the available states at the molecule are highly discrete, this may introduce a mismatch of eigenvalues of tip and surface electronic states, which leads to a reduced current flow at discrete energy values. In this case, a part of the molecule may appear darker than in the experiments
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A real STM tip is semi-infinite, which renders the energy distribution relatively flat over the whole bias regime. By contrast, STM tip models consist of a finite number of metal layers due to numerical limitations. This introduces quantum confinement into electronic states and a variation of the density of states with energy. If, as in the case of carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds, the available states at the molecule are highly discrete, this may introduce a mismatch of eigenvalues of tip and surface electronic states, which leads to a reduced current flow at discrete energy values. In this case, a part of the molecule may appear darker than in the experiments.
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On GaAs, the substitution of a Ga atom by Si, for example, shows an equivalent shift of the eigenstates by 1 eV. Pereira-Borrajo, N.; Hofer, W. A.; Lundgren, E. Unpublished results; Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool (2006).
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On GaAs, the substitution of a Ga atom by Si, for example, shows an equivalent shift of the eigenstates by 1 eV. Pereira-Borrajo, N.; Hofer, W. A.; Lundgren, E. Unpublished results; Surface Science Research Centre, The University of Liverpool (2006).
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