메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 823-838

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Critical Illness

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROSTANEDIONE; CORTICOTROPIN; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASING FACTOR; CYTOKINE; DEXAMETHASONE; FLUDROCORTISONE; GLUCOCORTICOID; HYDROCORTISONE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; PRASTERONE; PRASTERONE SULFATE; PROTEIN; STERYL SULFATASE; TETRACOSACTIDE; VASOPRESSIN;

EID: 33751201225     PISSN: 08898529     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2006.09.013     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (38)

References (119)
  • 1
    • 0035746639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to critical illness
    • Vermes I., and Beishuizen A. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to critical illness. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 4 (2001) 495-511
    • (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 495-511
    • Vermes, I.1    Beishuizen, A.2
  • 2
    • 0020574478 scopus 로고
    • Influence of sedation on mortality in critically ill multiple trauma patients
    • Ledingham I.M., and Watt I. Influence of sedation on mortality in critically ill multiple trauma patients. Lancet 1 8336 (1983) 1270
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.8336 , pp. 1270
    • Ledingham, I.M.1    Watt, I.2
  • 3
    • 0032884057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenocortical function in critically ill patients 24 h after a single dose of etomidate
    • Absalom A., Pledger D., and Kong A. Adrenocortical function in critically ill patients 24 h after a single dose of etomidate. Anaesthesia 54 9 (1999) 861-867
    • (1999) Anaesthesia , vol.54 , Issue.9 , pp. 861-867
    • Absalom, A.1    Pledger, D.2    Kong, A.3
  • 4
    • 2342427078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine changes in critical illness
    • Nylen E.S., and Muller B. Endocrine changes in critical illness. J Intensive Care Med 19 2 (2004) 67-82
    • (2004) J Intensive Care Med , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 67-82
    • Nylen, E.S.1    Muller, B.2
  • 5
    • 0035746332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrine response to stress is a dynamic process
    • Van den Berghe G. The neuroendocrine response to stress is a dynamic process. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 4 (2001) 405-419
    • (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 405-419
    • Van den Berghe, G.1
  • 6
    • 30344432968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Septic shock and sepsis: a comparison of total and free plasma cortisol levels
    • Ho J.T., Al-Musalhi H., Chapman M.J., et al. Septic shock and sepsis: a comparison of total and free plasma cortisol levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 1 (2006) 105-114
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-114
    • Ho, J.T.1    Al-Musalhi, H.2    Chapman, M.J.3
  • 7
    • 3242682330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free cortisol and critically ill patients
    • [author reply: 395-7]
    • Polderman K.H., van Zanten A., and Girbes A.R. Free cortisol and critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 351 4 (2004) 395-397 [author reply: 395-7]
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , Issue.4 , pp. 395-397
    • Polderman, K.H.1    van Zanten, A.2    Girbes, A.R.3
  • 8
    • 3242682330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free cortisol and critically ill patients
    • [author reply: 395-7]
    • Khan T., Kupfer Y., and Tessler S. Free cortisol and critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 351 4 (2004) 395-397 [author reply: 395-7]
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , Issue.4 , pp. 395-397
    • Khan, T.1    Kupfer, Y.2    Tessler, S.3
  • 9
    • 3042762336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of serum free cortisol in critically ill patients
    • Hamrahian A.H., Oseni T.S., and Arafah B.M. Measurements of serum free cortisol in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 350 16 (2004) 1629-1638
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , Issue.16 , pp. 1629-1638
    • Hamrahian, A.H.1    Oseni, T.S.2    Arafah, B.M.3
  • 10
    • 0034754254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of corticosteroid-binding globulin and the free cortisol index during septic shock and multitrauma
    • Beishuizen A., Thijs L.G., and Vermes I. Patterns of corticosteroid-binding globulin and the free cortisol index during septic shock and multitrauma. Intensive Care Med 27 10 (2001) 1584-1591
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 1584-1591
    • Beishuizen, A.1    Thijs, L.G.2    Vermes, I.3
  • 11
    • 2942530669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors in toxic sequelae of exposure to bacterial and viral products
    • Webster J.I., and Sternberg E.M. Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors in toxic sequelae of exposure to bacterial and viral products. J Endocrinol 181 2 (2004) 207-221
    • (2004) J Endocrinol , vol.181 , Issue.2 , pp. 207-221
    • Webster, J.I.1    Sternberg, E.M.2
  • 12
    • 4344574905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science review: mechanisms of impaired adrenal function in sepsis and molecular actions of glucocorticoids
    • Prigent H., Maxime V., and Annane D. Science review: mechanisms of impaired adrenal function in sepsis and molecular actions of glucocorticoids. Crit Care 8 4 (2004) 243-252
    • (2004) Crit Care , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 243-252
    • Prigent, H.1    Maxime, V.2    Annane, D.3
  • 13
    • 0037983070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous versus exogenous glucocorticoid responses to experimental bacterial sepsis
    • Silverstein R., and Johnson D.C. Endogenous versus exogenous glucocorticoid responses to experimental bacterial sepsis. J Leukoc Biol 73 4 (2003) 417-427
    • (2003) J Leukoc Biol , vol.73 , Issue.4 , pp. 417-427
    • Silverstein, R.1    Johnson, D.C.2
  • 14
    • 0034697191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications
    • Briegel J. Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications. Wien Klin Wochenschr 112 8 (2000) 341-352
    • (2000) Wien Klin Wochenschr , vol.112 , Issue.8 , pp. 341-352
    • Briegel, J.1
  • 15
    • 33644943928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol and its action on the glucocorticoid receptor in malnutrition and acute infection
    • Manary M.J., Muglia L.J., Vogt S.K., et al. Cortisol and its action on the glucocorticoid receptor in malnutrition and acute infection. Metabolism 55 4 (2006) 550-554
    • (2006) Metabolism , vol.55 , Issue.4 , pp. 550-554
    • Manary, M.J.1    Muglia, L.J.2    Vogt, S.K.3
  • 16
    • 0002865582 scopus 로고
    • Secretion and metabolism of cortisol after injection of endotoxin
    • Melby J.C., Edghal R.H., and Spink W.W. Secretion and metabolism of cortisol after injection of endotoxin. J Lab Clin Med 56 (1960) 50-62
    • (1960) J Lab Clin Med , vol.56 , pp. 50-62
    • Melby, J.C.1    Edghal, R.H.2    Spink, W.W.3
  • 17
    • 33747486700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose hydrocortisone during severe sepsis: effects on microalbuminuria
    • Rinaldi S., Adembri C., Grechi S., et al. Low-dose hydrocortisone during severe sepsis: effects on microalbuminuria. Crit Care Med Jul (2006) 17
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , Issue.Jul , pp. 17
    • Rinaldi, S.1    Adembri, C.2    Grechi, S.3
  • 19
    • 0035746523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humoral markers of severity and prognosis of critical illness
    • Nylen E.S., and Alarifi A.A. Humoral markers of severity and prognosis of critical illness. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 4 (2001) 553-573
    • (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 553-573
    • Nylen, E.S.1    Alarifi, A.A.2
  • 20
    • 0021724901 scopus 로고
    • Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions
    • Munck A., Guyre P.M., and Holbrook N.J. Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions. Endocr Rev 5 1 (1984) 25-44
    • (1984) Endocr Rev , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-44
    • Munck, A.1    Guyre, P.M.2    Holbrook, N.J.3
  • 22
  • 23
    • 0036139871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of steroidogenesis and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein by a member of the cAMP response-element binding protein family
    • Manna P.R., Dyson M.T., Eubank D.W., et al. Regulation of steroidogenesis and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein by a member of the cAMP response-element binding protein family. Mol Endocrinol 16 1 (2002) 184-199
    • (2002) Mol Endocrinol , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 184-199
    • Manna, P.R.1    Dyson, M.T.2    Eubank, D.W.3
  • 24
    • 0030047248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the acute production of steroids in steroidogenic cells
    • Stocco D.M., and Clark B.J. Regulation of the acute production of steroids in steroidogenic cells. Endocr Rev 17 3 (1996) 221-244
    • (1996) Endocr Rev , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 221-244
    • Stocco, D.M.1    Clark, B.J.2
  • 25
    • 0027532130 scopus 로고
    • Hypercortisolism in septic shock is not suppressible by dexamethasone infusion
    • Perrot D., Bonneton A., Dechaud H., et al. Hypercortisolism in septic shock is not suppressible by dexamethasone infusion. Crit Care Med 21 3 (1993) 396-401
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 396-401
    • Perrot, D.1    Bonneton, A.2    Dechaud, H.3
  • 26
    • 0025815542 scopus 로고
    • Biphasic changes in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function during the early recovery period after major abdominal surgery
    • Naito Y., Fukata J., Tamai S., et al. Biphasic changes in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function during the early recovery period after major abdominal surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 73 1 (1991) 111-117
    • (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.73 , Issue.1 , pp. 111-117
    • Naito, Y.1    Fukata, J.2    Tamai, S.3
  • 27
    • 0021162628 scopus 로고
    • The effects of surgery on the circadian rhythms of cortisol
    • Aun F., McIntosh T.K., Lee A., et al. The effects of surgery on the circadian rhythms of cortisol. Int Surg 69 2 (1984) 101-105
    • (1984) Int Surg , vol.69 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-105
    • Aun, F.1    McIntosh, T.K.2    Lee, A.3
  • 28
    • 0026656331 scopus 로고
    • Pulsatile hormone secretion during severe sepsis: accuracy of different blood sampling regimens
    • Voerman H.J., Strack van Schijndel R.J., Groeneveld A.B., et al. Pulsatile hormone secretion during severe sepsis: accuracy of different blood sampling regimens. Metabolism 41 9 (1992) 934-940
    • (1992) Metabolism , vol.41 , Issue.9 , pp. 934-940
    • Voerman, H.J.1    Strack van Schijndel, R.J.2    Groeneveld, A.B.3
  • 29
    • 14844304719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total long-term within-laboratory precision of cortisol, ferritin, thyroxine, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone assays based on a College of American Pathologists fresh frozen serum study: do available methods meet medical needs for precision?
    • Steele B.W., Wang E., Palmer-Toy D.E., et al. Total long-term within-laboratory precision of cortisol, ferritin, thyroxine, free thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone assays based on a College of American Pathologists fresh frozen serum study: do available methods meet medical needs for precision?. Arch Pathol Lab Med 129 3 (2005) 318-322
    • (2005) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.129 , Issue.3 , pp. 318-322
    • Steele, B.W.1    Wang, E.2    Palmer-Toy, D.E.3
  • 30
    • 0035116763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency
    • Zaloga G.P., and Marik P. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency. Crit Care Clin 17 1 (2001) 25-41
    • (2001) Crit Care Clin , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-41
    • Zaloga, G.P.1    Marik, P.2
  • 31
    • 0029988350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: haemodynamic and neuroendocrine responses after pneumoperitoneum and changes in position
    • O'Leary E., Hubbard K., Tormey W., et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: haemodynamic and neuroendocrine responses after pneumoperitoneum and changes in position. Br J Anaesth 76 5 (1996) 640-644
    • (1996) Br J Anaesth , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 640-644
    • O'Leary, E.1    Hubbard, K.2    Tormey, W.3
  • 32
    • 0026020923 scopus 로고
    • The role of endothelin in the control of adrenocortical function: stimulation of endothelin release by ACTH and the effects of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 on steroidogenesis in rat and human adrenocortical cells
    • Hinson J.P., Vinson G.P., Kapas S., et al. The role of endothelin in the control of adrenocortical function: stimulation of endothelin release by ACTH and the effects of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 on steroidogenesis in rat and human adrenocortical cells. J Endocrinol 128 2 (1991) 275-280
    • (1991) J Endocrinol , vol.128 , Issue.2 , pp. 275-280
    • Hinson, J.P.1    Vinson, G.P.2    Kapas, S.3
  • 33
    • 0028966732 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol levels in critically ill patients: possible role of endothelin and atrial natriuretic hormone
    • Vermes I., Beishuizen A., Hampsink R.M., et al. Dissociation of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol levels in critically ill patients: possible role of endothelin and atrial natriuretic hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80 4 (1995) 1238-1242
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , Issue.4 , pp. 1238-1242
    • Vermes, I.1    Beishuizen, A.2    Hampsink, R.M.3
  • 34
    • 33644877937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro-atrial natriuretic peptide is a prognostic marker in sepsis, similar to the APACHE II score: an observational study
    • Morgenthaler N.G., Struck J., Christ-Crain M., et al. Pro-atrial natriuretic peptide is a prognostic marker in sepsis, similar to the APACHE II score: an observational study. Crit Care 9 1 (2005) R37-R45
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , Issue.1
    • Morgenthaler, N.G.1    Struck, J.2    Christ-Crain, M.3
  • 35
    • 33646927080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin as a prognostic marker in sepsis: an observational study
    • Christ-Crain M., Morgenthaler N.G., Struck J., et al. Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin as a prognostic marker in sepsis: an observational study. Crit Care 9 6 (2005) R816-R824
    • (2005) Crit Care , vol.9 , Issue.6
    • Christ-Crain, M.1    Morgenthaler, N.G.2    Struck, J.3
  • 36
    • 0020655404 scopus 로고
    • Association of hypotension with hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in the critically ill patient
    • Davenport M.W., and Zipser R.D. Association of hypotension with hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in the critically ill patient. Arch Intern Med 143 4 (1983) 735-737
    • (1983) Arch Intern Med , vol.143 , Issue.4 , pp. 735-737
    • Davenport, M.W.1    Zipser, R.D.2
  • 37
    • 0019737302 scopus 로고
    • Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in the critically ill: a new entity
    • Zipser R.D., Davenport M.W., Martin K.L., et al. Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in the critically ill: a new entity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 53 4 (1981) 867-873
    • (1981) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 867-873
    • Zipser, R.D.1    Davenport, M.W.2    Martin, K.L.3
  • 38
    • 0026417229 scopus 로고
    • Catabolic illness: strategies for enhancing recovery
    • Wilmore D.W. Catabolic illness: strategies for enhancing recovery. N Engl J Med 325 10 (1991) 695-702
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , Issue.10 , pp. 695-702
    • Wilmore, D.W.1
  • 39
    • 27544473015 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine control of nutrition and metabolism in critical illness
    • Souba W.W. Cytokine control of nutrition and metabolism in critical illness. Curr Probl Surg 31 7 (1994) 577-643
    • (1994) Curr Probl Surg , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 577-643
    • Souba, W.W.1
  • 40
    • 4344570685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine modifications and interventions during critical illness
    • Weekers F., and Van den Berghe G. Endocrine modifications and interventions during critical illness. Proc Nutr Soc 63 3 (2004) 443-450
    • (2004) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 443-450
    • Weekers, F.1    Van den Berghe, G.2
  • 41
    • 13944259483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal and metabolic strategies to attenuate catabolism in critically ill patients
    • Vanhorebeek I., and Van den Berghe G. Hormonal and metabolic strategies to attenuate catabolism in critically ill patients. Curr Opin Pharmacol 4 6 (2004) 621-628
    • (2004) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 621-628
    • Vanhorebeek, I.1    Van den Berghe, G.2
  • 43
    • 11144282430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy
    • Arlt W. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy. Semin Reprod Med 22 4 (2004) 379-388
    • (2004) Semin Reprod Med , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 379-388
    • Arlt, W.1
  • 44
    • 21244462808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No evidence for hepatic conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate to DHEA: in vivo and in vitro studies
    • Hammer F., Subtil S., Lux P., et al. No evidence for hepatic conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate to DHEA: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 6 (2005) 3600-3605
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , Issue.6 , pp. 3600-3605
    • Hammer, F.1    Subtil, S.2    Lux, P.3
  • 45
    • 4544242793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of DHEA sulfotransferase (Sult2A1) during the acute-phase response
    • Kim M.S., Shigenaga J., Moser A., et al. Suppression of DHEA sulfotransferase (Sult2A1) during the acute-phase response. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287 4 (2004) E731-E738
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.287 , Issue.4
    • Kim, M.S.1    Shigenaga, J.2    Moser, A.3
  • 46
    • 8144229132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are alterations of lymphocyte subpopulations in polymicrobial sepsis and DHEA treatment mediated by the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha receptor (TNF-RI)? A study in TNF-RI (TNF-RI(-/-)) knock-out rodents
    • Hildebrand F., Pape H.C., Harwood P., et al. Are alterations of lymphocyte subpopulations in polymicrobial sepsis and DHEA treatment mediated by the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha receptor (TNF-RI)? A study in TNF-RI (TNF-RI(-/-)) knock-out rodents. Clin Exp Immunol 138 2 (2004) 221-229
    • (2004) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.138 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-229
    • Hildebrand, F.1    Pape, H.C.2    Harwood, P.3
  • 47
    • 2142785471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of systemic cytokines in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial sepsis and dehydroepiandrosterone treatment in a rodent model
    • Hildebrand F., Pape H.C., Hoevel P., et al. The importance of systemic cytokines in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial sepsis and dehydroepiandrosterone treatment in a rodent model. Shock 20 4 (2003) 338-346
    • (2003) Shock , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 338-346
    • Hildebrand, F.1    Pape, H.C.2    Hoevel, P.3
  • 48
    • 0035109990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone decreases mortality rate and improves cellular immune function during polymicrobial sepsis
    • Oberbeck R., Dahlweid M., Koch R., et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone decreases mortality rate and improves cellular immune function during polymicrobial sepsis. Crit Care Med 29 2 (2001) 380-384
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 380-384
    • Oberbeck, R.1    Dahlweid, M.2    Koch, R.3
  • 49
    • 0032814358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androstenediol and dehydroepiandrosterone protect mice against lethal bacterial infections and lipopolysaccharide toxicity
    • Ben-Nathan D., Padgett D.A., and Loria R.M. Androstenediol and dehydroepiandrosterone protect mice against lethal bacterial infections and lipopolysaccharide toxicity. J Med Microbiol 48 5 (1999) 425-431
    • (1999) J Med Microbiol , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 425-431
    • Ben-Nathan, D.1    Padgett, D.A.2    Loria, R.M.3
  • 50
    • 0032407998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone: an inexpensive steroid hormone that decreases the mortality due to sepsis following trauma-induced hemorrhage
    • Angele M.K., Catania R.A., Ayala A., et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone: an inexpensive steroid hormone that decreases the mortality due to sepsis following trauma-induced hemorrhage. Arch Surg 133 12 (1998) 1281-1288
    • (1998) Arch Surg , vol.133 , Issue.12 , pp. 1281-1288
    • Angele, M.K.1    Catania, R.A.2    Ayala, A.3
  • 51
    • 26244438677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone modulates toll-like receptor expression on splenic macrophages of mice after severe polymicrobial sepsis
    • Matsuda A., Furukawa K., Suzuki H., et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone modulates toll-like receptor expression on splenic macrophages of mice after severe polymicrobial sepsis. Shock 24 4 (2005) 364-369
    • (2005) Shock , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 364-369
    • Matsuda, A.1    Furukawa, K.2    Suzuki, H.3
  • 52
    • 33745790095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of serum dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in septic shock
    • Arlt W., Hammer F., Sanning P., et al. Dissociation of serum dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in septic shock. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 7 (2006) 2548-2554
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , Issue.7 , pp. 2548-2554
    • Arlt, W.1    Hammer, F.2    Sanning, P.3
  • 53
    • 0036787216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in severe critical illness: a sign of exhausted adrenal reserve?
    • Beishuizen A., Thijs L.G., and Vermes I. Decreased levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in severe critical illness: a sign of exhausted adrenal reserve?. Crit Care 6 5 (2002) 434-438
    • (2002) Crit Care , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 434-438
    • Beishuizen, A.1    Thijs, L.G.2    Vermes, I.3
  • 54
    • 0026099787 scopus 로고
    • Serum androgens in intensive-care patients: correlations with clinical findings
    • Luppa P., Munker R., Nagel D., et al. Serum androgens in intensive-care patients: correlations with clinical findings. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 34 4 (1991) 305-310
    • (1991) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 305-310
    • Luppa, P.1    Munker, R.2    Nagel, D.3
  • 55
    • 0032732358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypotestosteronemia in chronically critically ill men
    • Nierman D.M., and Mechanick J.I. Hypotestosteronemia in chronically critically ill men. Crit Care Med 27 11 (1999) 2418-2421
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , Issue.11 , pp. 2418-2421
    • Nierman, D.M.1    Mechanick, J.I.2
  • 56
    • 0035746479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered gonadal steroidogenesis in critical illness: is treatment with anabolic steroids indicated?
    • Spratt D.I. Altered gonadal steroidogenesis in critical illness: is treatment with anabolic steroids indicated?. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 4 (2001) 479-494
    • (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-494
    • Spratt, D.I.1
  • 57
    • 0021829040 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for adrenocortical adaptation to severe illness
    • Parker L.N., Levin E.R., and Lifrak E.T. Evidence for adrenocortical adaptation to severe illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 60 5 (1985) 947-952
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 947-952
    • Parker, L.N.1    Levin, E.R.2    Lifrak, E.T.3
  • 58
    • 0029554928 scopus 로고
    • Severe illness: neuroendocrinology
    • Reincke M., Lehmann R., Karl M., et al. Severe illness: neuroendocrinology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 771 (1995) 556-569
    • (1995) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.771 , pp. 556-569
    • Reincke, M.1    Lehmann, R.2    Karl, M.3
  • 59
    • 0031030982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency in the surgical intensive care unit patient
    • Barquist E., and Kirton O. Adrenal insufficiency in the surgical intensive care unit patient. J Trauma 42 1 (1997) 27-31
    • (1997) J Trauma , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-31
    • Barquist, E.1    Kirton, O.2
  • 60
    • 0342980285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin
    • Annane D., Sebille V., Troche G., et al. A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. JAMA 283 8 (2000) 1038-1045
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , Issue.8 , pp. 1038-1045
    • Annane, D.1    Sebille, V.2    Troche, G.3
  • 61
    • 23844451027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol response in relation to the severity of stress and illness
    • Widmer I.E., Puder J.J., Konig C., et al. Cortisol response in relation to the severity of stress and illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 8 (2005) 4579-4586
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , Issue.8 , pp. 4579-4586
    • Widmer, I.E.1    Puder, J.J.2    Konig, C.3
  • 62
    • 0035100186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis-induced adrenal deficiency syndrome
    • Zaloga G.P. Sepsis-induced adrenal deficiency syndrome. Crit Care Med 29 3 (2001) 688-690
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 688-690
    • Zaloga, G.P.1
  • 63
    • 84942004202 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses to graded surgical stress
    • Chernow B., Alexander H.R., Smallridge R.C., et al. Hormonal responses to graded surgical stress. Arch Intern Med 147 7 (1987) 1273-1278
    • (1987) Arch Intern Med , vol.147 , Issue.7 , pp. 1273-1278
    • Chernow, B.1    Alexander, H.R.2    Smallridge, R.C.3
  • 64
    • 0022402024 scopus 로고
    • The serum and urinary cortisol response to operative trauma
    • Mohler J.L., Michael K.A., Freedman A.M., et al. The serum and urinary cortisol response to operative trauma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 161 5 (1985) 445-449
    • (1985) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.161 , Issue.5 , pp. 445-449
    • Mohler, J.L.1    Michael, K.A.2    Freedman, A.M.3
  • 65
    • 0023181872 scopus 로고
    • Responses of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and renin-angiotensin axes and the sympathetic system during controlled surgical and anesthetic stress
    • Udelsman R., Norton J.A., Jelenich S.E., et al. Responses of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and renin-angiotensin axes and the sympathetic system during controlled surgical and anesthetic stress. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 64 5 (1987) 986-994
    • (1987) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.64 , Issue.5 , pp. 986-994
    • Udelsman, R.1    Norton, J.A.2    Jelenich, S.E.3
  • 66
    • 0027298776 scopus 로고
    • The plasma ACTH, AVP, CRH and catecholamine responses to conventional and laparoscopic cholecystectomy
    • Donald R.A., Perry E.G., Wittert G.A., et al. The plasma ACTH, AVP, CRH and catecholamine responses to conventional and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 38 6 (1993) 609-615
    • (1993) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 609-615
    • Donald, R.A.1    Perry, E.G.2    Wittert, G.A.3
  • 67
    • 0025974325 scopus 로고
    • Cortisol response to corticotropin and survival in septic shock
    • Rothwell P.M., Udwadia Z.F., and Lawler P.G. Cortisol response to corticotropin and survival in septic shock. Lancet 337 8741 (1991) 582-583
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , Issue.8741 , pp. 582-583
    • Rothwell, P.M.1    Udwadia, Z.F.2    Lawler, P.G.3
  • 68
    • 0036434848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency in the critically ill: a new look at an old problem
    • Marik P.E., and Zaloga G.P. Adrenal insufficiency in the critically ill: a new look at an old problem. Chest 122 5 (2002) 1784-1796
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 1784-1796
    • Marik, P.E.1    Zaloga, G.P.2
  • 69
    • 0031732506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review 95: acute and prolonged critical illness as different neuroendocrine paradigms
    • Van den Berghe G., de Zegher F., and Bouillon R. Clinical review 95: acute and prolonged critical illness as different neuroendocrine paradigms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 6 (1998) 1827-1834
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , Issue.6 , pp. 1827-1834
    • Van den Berghe, G.1    de Zegher, F.2    Bouillon, R.3
  • 70
    • 0037456430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients
    • Cooper M.S., and Stewart P.M. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med 348 8 (2003) 727-734
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , Issue.8 , pp. 727-734
    • Cooper, M.S.1    Stewart, P.M.2
  • 71
    • 10244239291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative adrenal insufficiency syndrome revisited: which patients will benefit from low-dose steroids?
    • Ligtenberg J.J., and Zijlstra J.G. The relative adrenal insufficiency syndrome revisited: which patients will benefit from low-dose steroids?. Curr Opin Crit Care 10 6 (2004) 456-460
    • (2004) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 456-460
    • Ligtenberg, J.J.1    Zijlstra, J.G.2
  • 72
    • 23244466123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol levels and corticosteroid administration fail to predict mortality in critical illness: the confounding effects of organ dysfunction and sex
    • [discussion: 669]
    • Rady M.Y., Johnson D.J., Patel B., et al. Cortisol levels and corticosteroid administration fail to predict mortality in critical illness: the confounding effects of organ dysfunction and sex. Arch Surg 140 7 (2005) 661-668 [discussion: 669]
    • (2005) Arch Surg , vol.140 , Issue.7 , pp. 661-668
    • Rady, M.Y.1    Johnson, D.J.2    Patel, B.3
  • 73
    • 0033756918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine and metabolic responses in children with meningoccocal sepsis: striking differences between survivors and nonsurvivors
    • Joosten K.F., de Kleijn E.D., Westerterp M., et al. Endocrine and metabolic responses in children with meningoccocal sepsis: striking differences between survivors and nonsurvivors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85 10 (2000) 3746-3753
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , Issue.10 , pp. 3746-3753
    • Joosten, K.F.1    de Kleijn, E.D.2    Westerterp, M.3
  • 74
    • 0035746526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative adrenal failure in intensive care: an identifiable problem requiring treatment?
    • Beishuizen A., and Thijs L.G. Relative adrenal failure in intensive care: an identifiable problem requiring treatment?. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15 4 (2001) 513-531
    • (2001) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 513-531
    • Beishuizen, A.1    Thijs, L.G.2
  • 75
    • 0033561805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative eosinophilia and functional adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients
    • Beishuizen A., Vermes I., Hylkema B.S., et al. Relative eosinophilia and functional adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients. Lancet 353 9165 (1999) 1675-1676
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , Issue.9165 , pp. 1675-1676
    • Beishuizen, A.1    Vermes, I.2    Hylkema, B.S.3
  • 76
    • 2942527009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the mystery of adrenal failure in the critically ill
    • [author reply: 1448]
    • Ligtenberg J.J., Tulleken J.E., van der Werf T.S., et al. Unraveling the mystery of adrenal failure in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 32 6 (2004) 1447-1448 [author reply: 1448]
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , Issue.6 , pp. 1447-1448
    • Ligtenberg, J.J.1    Tulleken, J.E.2    van der Werf, T.S.3
  • 77
    • 1242275086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the mystery of adrenal failure in the critically ill
    • Marik P.E. Unraveling the mystery of adrenal failure in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 32 2 (2004) 596-597
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 596-597
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 78
    • 0037250881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock
    • Marik P.E., and Zaloga G.P. Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock. Crit Care Med 31 1 (2003) 141-145
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 141-145
    • Marik, P.E.1    Zaloga, G.P.2
  • 79
    • 0030758093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One microgram is the lowest ACTH dose to cause a maximal cortisol response: there is no diurnal variation of cortisol response to submaximal ACTH stimulation
    • Dickstein G., Spigel D., Arad E., et al. One microgram is the lowest ACTH dose to cause a maximal cortisol response: there is no diurnal variation of cortisol response to submaximal ACTH stimulation. Eur J Endocrinol 137 2 (1997) 172-175
    • (1997) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.137 , Issue.2 , pp. 172-175
    • Dickstein, G.1    Spigel, D.2    Arad, E.3
  • 80
    • 23844522823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the term "relative adrenal insufficiency" or what do we really measure with adrenal stimulation tests?
    • Dickstein G. On the term "relative adrenal insufficiency" or what do we really measure with adrenal stimulation tests?. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 8 (2005) 4973-4974
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , Issue.8 , pp. 4973-4974
    • Dickstein, G.1
  • 81
    • 0037151571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock
    • Annane D., Sebille V., Charpentier C., et al. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA 288 7 (2002) 862-871
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.7 , pp. 862-871
    • Annane, D.1    Sebille, V.2    Charpentier, C.3
  • 82
    • 0030951524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency: avoiding potentially fatal pitfalls in diagnosis and treatment
    • Hockings G.I., Strakosch C.R., and Jackson R.V. Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency: avoiding potentially fatal pitfalls in diagnosis and treatment. Med J Aust 166 8 (1997) 400-401
    • (1997) Med J Aust , vol.166 , Issue.8 , pp. 400-401
    • Hockings, G.I.1    Strakosch, C.R.2    Jackson, R.V.3
  • 83
    • 0035725725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenocorticotropin stimulation tests in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease: low dose, standard high dose and 8-h infusion tests
    • Nye E.J., Grice J.E., Hockings G.I., et al. Adrenocorticotropin stimulation tests in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease: low dose, standard high dose and 8-h infusion tests. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 55 5 (2001) 625-633
    • (2001) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.55 , Issue.5 , pp. 625-633
    • Nye, E.J.1    Grice, J.E.2    Hockings, G.I.3
  • 84
    • 0014060229 scopus 로고
    • Plasma cortisol response to synacthen (beta-1-24 Ciba) at different times of the day in patients with rheumatic diseases
    • McGill P.E., Greig W.R., Browning M.C., et al. Plasma cortisol response to synacthen (beta-1-24 Ciba) at different times of the day in patients with rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 26 2 (1967) 123-126
    • (1967) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-126
    • McGill, P.E.1    Greig, W.R.2    Browning, M.C.3
  • 85
    • 0018635259 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal variation in the response of plasma prolactin, cortisol, and growth hormone to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal men
    • Nathan R.S., Sachar E.J., Langer G., et al. Diurnal variation in the response of plasma prolactin, cortisol, and growth hormone to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 49 2 (1979) 231-235
    • (1979) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 231-235
    • Nathan, R.S.1    Sachar, E.J.2    Langer, G.3
  • 86
    • 0036929428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined stimulation of adrenocorticotropin and compound-S by single dose metyrapone test as an outpatient procedure to assess hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function
    • Berneis K., Staub J.J., Gessler A., et al. Combined stimulation of adrenocorticotropin and compound-S by single dose metyrapone test as an outpatient procedure to assess hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 12 (2002) 5470-5475
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , Issue.12 , pp. 5470-5475
    • Berneis, K.1    Staub, J.J.2    Gessler, A.3
  • 87
    • 0021840510 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal variation in the response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol to intravenous ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone
    • DeCherney G.S., DeBold C.R., Jackson R.V., et al. Diurnal variation in the response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol to intravenous ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 61 2 (1985) 273-279
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 273-279
    • DeCherney, G.S.1    DeBold, C.R.2    Jackson, R.V.3
  • 88
    • 0037441670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of "low-dose" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study
    • Keh D., Boehnke T., Weber-Cartens S., et al. Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of "low-dose" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167 4 (2003) 512-520
    • (2003) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.167 , Issue.4 , pp. 512-520
    • Keh, D.1    Boehnke, T.2    Weber-Cartens, S.3
  • 89
    • 0034530751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma cortisol levels before and during "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy and their relationship to hemodynamic improvement in patients with septic shock
    • Oppert M., Reinicke A., Graf K.J., et al. Plasma cortisol levels before and during "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy and their relationship to hemodynamic improvement in patients with septic shock. Intensive Care Med 26 12 (2000) 1747-1755
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 1747-1755
    • Oppert, M.1    Reinicke, A.2    Graf, K.J.3
  • 90
    • 0037878075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids for septic shock: back from the dead? (Con)
    • 482S-9
    • Sessler C.N. Steroids for septic shock: back from the dead? (Con). Chest 123 5 Suppl (2003) 482S-9
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , Issue.5 SUPPL
    • Sessler, C.N.1
  • 91
    • 0037264578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock
    • [author reply: 43-4]
    • Millo J. Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock. JAMA 289 1 (2003) 41 [author reply: 43-4]
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , Issue.1 , pp. 41
    • Millo, J.1
  • 92
    • 19944430688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocortisone infusion for severe community-acquired pneumonia: a preliminary randomized study
    • Confalonieri M., Urbino R., Potena A., et al. Hydrocortisone infusion for severe community-acquired pneumonia: a preliminary randomized study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171 3 (2005) 242-248
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 242-248
    • Confalonieri, M.1    Urbino, R.2    Potena, A.3
  • 93
    • 0034536736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocortisone and the reduction of vasopressors in septic shock: therapy or only chart cosmetics?
    • Briegel J. Hydrocortisone and the reduction of vasopressors in septic shock: therapy or only chart cosmetics?. Intensive Care Med 26 12 (2000) 1723-1726
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 1723-1726
    • Briegel, J.1
  • 94
    • 3042858950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: the effect of steroids on survival and shock during sepsis depends on the dose
    • Minneci P.C., Deans K.J., Banks S.M., et al. Meta-analysis: the effect of steroids on survival and shock during sepsis depends on the dose. Ann Intern Med 141 1 (2004) 47-56
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.141 , Issue.1 , pp. 47-56
    • Minneci, P.C.1    Deans, K.J.2    Banks, S.M.3
  • 95
    • 4344618571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for severe sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Annane D., Bellissant E., Bollaert P.E., et al. Corticosteroids for severe sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 329 7464 (2004) 480
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.329 , Issue.7464 , pp. 480
    • Annane, D.1    Bellissant, E.2    Bollaert, P.E.3
  • 96
    • 34247551152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids influence the mortality and morbidity of acute critical illness
    • Rady M.Y., Johnson D.J., Patel B., et al. Corticosteroids influence the mortality and morbidity of acute critical illness. Crit Care 10 4 (2006) R101
    • (2006) Crit Care , vol.10 , Issue.4
    • Rady, M.Y.1    Johnson, D.J.2    Patel, B.3
  • 97
    • 0031942028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of late septic shock with supraphysiologic doses of hydrocortisone
    • Bollaert P.E., Charpentier C., Levy B., et al. Reversal of late septic shock with supraphysiologic doses of hydrocortisone. Crit Care Med 26 4 (1998) 645-650
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 645-650
    • Bollaert, P.E.1    Charpentier, C.2    Levy, B.3
  • 99
    • 0023252009 scopus 로고
    • A controlled clinical trial of high-dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Bone R.C., Fisher Jr. C.J., Clemmer T.P., et al. A controlled clinical trial of high-dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 317 11 (1987) 653-658
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , Issue.11 , pp. 653-658
    • Bone, R.C.1    Fisher Jr., C.J.2    Clemmer, T.P.3
  • 100
    • 0021184906 scopus 로고
    • The effects of high-dose corticosteroids in patients with septic shock: a prospective, controlled study
    • Sprung C.L., Caralis P.V., Marcial E.H., et al. The effects of high-dose corticosteroids in patients with septic shock: a prospective, controlled study. N Engl J Med 311 18 (1984) 1137-1143
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , Issue.18 , pp. 1137-1143
    • Sprung, C.L.1    Caralis, P.V.2    Marcial, E.H.3
  • 101
    • 23844453372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone restores depressed peripheral blood mononuclear cell function following major abdominal surgery via the estrogen receptors
    • Frantz M.C., Prix N.J., Wichmann M.W., et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone restores depressed peripheral blood mononuclear cell function following major abdominal surgery via the estrogen receptors. Crit Care Med 33 8 (2005) 1779-1786
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , Issue.8 , pp. 1779-1786
    • Frantz, M.C.1    Prix, N.J.2    Wichmann, M.W.3
  • 102
    • 0034474504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DHEA: a novel adjunct for the treatment of male trauma patients
    • Jarrar D., Kuebler J.F., Wang P., et al. DHEA: a novel adjunct for the treatment of male trauma patients. Trends Mol Med 7 2 (2001) 81-85
    • (2001) Trends Mol Med , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-85
    • Jarrar, D.1    Kuebler, J.F.2    Wang, P.3
  • 103
    • 0344394239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a role for dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in the intensive care population?
    • Dhatariya K.K. Is there a role for dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in the intensive care population?. Intensive Care Med 29 11 (2003) 1877-1880
    • (2003) Intensive Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.11 , pp. 1877-1880
    • Dhatariya, K.K.1
  • 104
    • 0027179281 scopus 로고
    • The pituitary corticotroph is not the rate limiting step in the postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with Cushing syndrome
    • Gomez M.T., Magiakou M.A., Mastorakos G., et al. The pituitary corticotroph is not the rate limiting step in the postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with Cushing syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77 1 (1993) 173-177
    • (1993) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 173-177
    • Gomez, M.T.1    Magiakou, M.A.2    Mastorakos, G.3
  • 105
    • 0034639691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression and recovery of adrenal response after short-term, high-dose glucocorticoid treatment
    • Henzen C., Suter A., Lerch E., et al. Suppression and recovery of adrenal response after short-term, high-dose glucocorticoid treatment. Lancet 355 9203 (2000) 542-545
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , Issue.9203 , pp. 542-545
    • Henzen, C.1    Suter, A.2    Lerch, E.3
  • 106
    • 0002727681 scopus 로고
    • Natural history of pituitary-adrenal recovery following long-term suppression with corticosteroids
    • Graber A.L., Ney R.L., Nicholson W.E., et al. Natural history of pituitary-adrenal recovery following long-term suppression with corticosteroids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 25 (1965) 11-16
    • (1965) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.25 , pp. 11-16
    • Graber, A.L.1    Ney, R.L.2    Nicholson, W.E.3
  • 107
    • 0019848131 scopus 로고
    • Physiological cortisol substitution of long-term steroid-treated patients undergoing major surgery
    • Symreng T., Karlberg B.E., Kagedal B., et al. Physiological cortisol substitution of long-term steroid-treated patients undergoing major surgery. Br J Anaesth 53 9 (1981) 949-954
    • (1981) Br J Anaesth , vol.53 , Issue.9 , pp. 949-954
    • Symreng, T.1    Karlberg, B.E.2    Kagedal, B.3
  • 108
    • 32044465949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU
    • Van den Berghe G., Wilmer A., Hermans G., et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. N Engl J Med 354 5 (2006) 449-461
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.5 , pp. 449-461
    • Van den Berghe, G.1    Wilmer, A.2    Hermans, G.3
  • 109
    • 0035829852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Van Den Berghe G., Wouters D., Weekers F., et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 345 (2001) 1359-1367
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, D.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 110
    • 3042833432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based emergency medicine/systematic review abstract: are corticosteroids effective in traumatic spinal cord injury?
    • Spencer M.T., and Bazarian J.J. Evidence-based emergency medicine/systematic review abstract: are corticosteroids effective in traumatic spinal cord injury?. Ann Emerg Med 41 3 (2003) 410-413
    • (2003) Ann Emerg Med , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 410-413
    • Spencer, M.T.1    Bazarian, J.J.2
  • 111
    • 0027423622 scopus 로고
    • The two-edged sword of large-dose steroids for spinal cord trauma
    • [discussion: 425-17]
    • Galandiuk S., Raque G., Appel S., et al. The two-edged sword of large-dose steroids for spinal cord trauma. Ann Surg 218 4 (1993) 419-425 [discussion: 425-17]
    • (1993) Ann Surg , vol.218 , Issue.4 , pp. 419-425
    • Galandiuk, S.1    Raque, G.2    Appel, S.3
  • 112
    • 0036826851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High circulating levels of the IL-1 type II decoy receptor in critically ill patients with sepsis: association of high decoy receptor levels with glucocorticoid administration
    • Muller B., Peri G., Doni A., et al. High circulating levels of the IL-1 type II decoy receptor in critically ill patients with sepsis: association of high decoy receptor levels with glucocorticoid administration. J Leukoc Biol 72 4 (2002) 643-649
    • (2002) J Leukoc Biol , vol.72 , Issue.4 , pp. 643-649
    • Muller, B.1    Peri, G.2    Doni, A.3
  • 113
    • 0020003936 scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone proves deleterious in cerebral malaria: a double-blind trial in 100 comatose patients
    • Warrell D.A., Looareesuwan S., Warrell M.J., et al. Dexamethasone proves deleterious in cerebral malaria: a double-blind trial in 100 comatose patients. N Engl J Med 306 6 (1982) 313-319
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.306 , Issue.6 , pp. 313-319
    • Warrell, D.A.1    Looareesuwan, S.2    Warrell, M.J.3
  • 114
    • 5044223264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intravenous corticosteroids on death within 14 days in 10008 adults with clinically significant head injury (MRC CRASH trial): randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Roberts I., Yates D., Sandercock P., et al. Effect of intravenous corticosteroids on death within 14 days in 10008 adults with clinically significant head injury (MRC CRASH trial): randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 364 9442 (2004) 1321-1328
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9442 , pp. 1321-1328
    • Roberts, I.1    Yates, D.2    Sandercock, P.3
  • 115
    • 20444399890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Final results of MRC CRASH, a randomised placebo-controlled trial of intravenous corticosteroid in adults with head injury-outcomes at 6 months
    • Edwards P., Arango M., Balica L., et al. Final results of MRC CRASH, a randomised placebo-controlled trial of intravenous corticosteroid in adults with head injury-outcomes at 6 months. Lancet 365 9475 (2005) 1957-1959
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , Issue.9475 , pp. 1957-1959
    • Edwards, P.1    Arango, M.2    Balica, L.3
  • 116
    • 5044219667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A CRASH landing in severe head injury
    • Sauerland S., and Maegele M. A CRASH landing in severe head injury. Lancet 364 9442 (2004) 1291-1292
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9442 , pp. 1291-1292
    • Sauerland, S.1    Maegele, M.2
  • 117
    • 33644856927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of corticosteroids in the sepsis syndrome: what do we know now?
    • LaRosa S.P. Use of corticosteroids in the sepsis syndrome: what do we know now?. Cleve Clin J Med 72 12 (2005) 1121-1127
    • (2005) Cleve Clin J Med , vol.72 , Issue.12 , pp. 1121-1127
    • LaRosa, S.P.1
  • 118
    • 0021189168 scopus 로고
    • High-dose corticosteroids for septic shock
    • Kass E.H. High-dose corticosteroids for septic shock. N Engl J Med 311 18 (1984) 1178-1179
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.311 , Issue.18 , pp. 1178-1179
    • Kass, E.H.1
  • 119
    • 0032826595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A historical review of glucocorticoid treatment in sepsis: disease pathophysiology and the design of treatment investigation
    • Meduri G.U. A historical review of glucocorticoid treatment in sepsis: disease pathophysiology and the design of treatment investigation. Sepsis (1999) 312-338
    • (1999) Sepsis , pp. 312-338
    • Meduri, G.U.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.