Pathogen-derived immunomodulatory molecules: future immunotherapeutics?

Trends in Immunology

Volumn 27, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 470-476

  Fallon, Padraic G ^a   Alcami, Antonio ^b,c  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^b CENTRO NACIONAL DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; BINDING PROTEIN; CHEMOKINE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR; COMPLEMENT INHIBITOR; CYTOKINE; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; INTERLEUKIN 10; MIGRATION INHIBITION FACTOR; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; SERINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ANTIBODY; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; CELL ACTIVATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS; FUNGAL VIRULENCE; GENOME; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HELPER CELL; HERPES VIRUS; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INFLAMMATION; INNATE IMMUNITY; MONOCYTE; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; POXVIRUS; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; XENOTRANSPLANTATION;

ANIMALS; BACTERIA; FORECASTING; HUMANS; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; PARASITES; VIRUSES;

EID: 33748466194     PISSN: 14714906     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2006.08.002     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Umetsu D.T., et al. Asthma: an epidemic of dysregulated immunity. Nat. Immunol. 3 (2002) 715-720
2. Yazdanbakhsh M., et al. Allergy, parasites, and the hygiene hypothesis. Science 296 (2002) 490-494
3. Summers R.W., et al. Trichuris suis therapy for active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology 128 (2005) 825-832
4. Falcone F.H., and Pritchard D.I. Parasite role reversal: worms on trial. Trends Parasitol. 21 (2005) 157-160
5. Akira S., et al. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 124 (2006) 783-801
6. Pirofski L. Of mice and men, revisited: new insights into an ancient molecule from studies of complement activation by Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun. 74 (2006) 3079-3084
7. Silverman G.A., et al. The serpins are an expanding superfamily of structurally similar but functionally diverse proteins. Evolution, mechanism of inhibition, novel functions, and a revised nomenclature. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 33293-33296
8. Lucas A., et al. Virus-encoded serine proteinase inhibitor SERP-1 inhibits atherosclerotic plaque development after balloon angioplasty. Circulation 94 (1996) 2890-2900
9. Lucas A., et al. Transplant vasculopathy: viral anti-inflammatory serpin regulation of atherogenesis. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 19 (2000) 1029-1038
10. Maksymowych W.P., et al. Amelioration of antigen induced arthritis in rabbits treated with a secreted viral serine proteinase inhibitor. J. Rheumatol. 23 (1996) 878-882
11. Miller L.W., et al. Inhibition of transplant vasculopathy in a rat aortic allograft model after infusion of anti-inflammatory viral serpin. Circulation 101 (2000) 1598-1605
12. Hausen B., et al. Viral serine proteinase inhibitor (SERP-1) effectively decreases the incidence of graft vasculopathy in heterotopic heart allografts. Transplantation 72 (2001) 364-368
13. Zang X., et al. A novel serpin expressed by blood-borne microfilariae of the parasitic nematode Brugia malayi inhibits human neutrophil serine proteinases. Blood 94 (1999) 1418-1428
14. Stanley P., and Stein P.E. BmSPN2, a serpin secreted by the filarial nematode Brugia malayi, does not inhibit human neutrophil proteinases but plays a noninhibitory role. Biochemistry 42 (2003) 6241-6248
15. Mullick J., et al. Herpes and pox viral complement control proteins: 'the mask of self'. Trends Immunol. 24 (2003) 500-507
16. Jha P., and Kotwal G.J. Vaccinia complement control protein: multi-functional protein and a potential wonder drug. J. Biosci. 28 (2003) 265-271
17. Kotwal G.J., et al. Potential intervention by vaccinia virus complement control protein of the signals contributing to the progression of central nervous system injury to Alzheimer's disease. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 973 (2002) 317-322
18. Foster T.J. Immune evasion by Staphylococci. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 3 (2005) 948-958
19. Rooijakkers S.H., et al. Immune evasion by a staphylococcal complement inhibitor that acts on C3 convertases. Nat. Immunol. 6 (2005) 920-927
20. De Haas C.J., et al. Chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterial antiinflammatory agent. J. Exp. Med. 199 (2004) 687-695
21. Suzuki T., et al. Viral interleukin 10 (IL-10), the human herpes virus 4 cellular IL-10 homologue, induces local anergy to allogeneic and syngeneic tumors. J. Exp. Med. 182 (1995) 477-486
22. Moore K.W., et al. Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 19 (2001) 683-765
23. Lucas A., and McFadden G. Secreted immunomodulatory viral proteins as novel biotherapeutics. J. Immunol. 173 (2004) 4765-4774
24. DeBruyne L.A., et al. Gene transfer of virally encoded chemokine antagonists vMIP-II and MC148 prolongs cardiac allograft survival and inhibits donor-specific immunity. Gene Ther. 7 (2000) 575-582
25. Takami S., et al. Chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, viral MIP-II, protects the brain against focal cerebral ischemia in mice. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 21 (2001) 1430-1435
26. Ghirnikar R.S., et al. Chemokine antagonist infusion attenuates cellular infiltration following spinal cord contusion injury in rat. J. Neurosci. Res. 59 (2000) 63-73
27. Falcone F.H., et al. A Brugia malayi homolog of macrophage migration inhibitory factor reveals an important link between macrophages and eosinophil recruitment during nematode infection. J. Immunol. 167 (2001) 5348-5354
28. Tan T.H., et al. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis. Biochem. J. 357 (2001) 373-383
29. Maizels R.M., et al. Helminth parasites - masters of regulation. Immunol. Rev. 201 (2004) 89-116
30. Omer F.M., et al. Activation of transforming growth factor B by malaria parasite-derived metalloproteinases and a thrombospondin-like molecule. J. Exp. Med. 198 (2003) 1817-1827
31. Ding Y., et al. A single amino acid determines the immunostimulatory activity of interleukin 10. J. Exp. Med. 191 (2000) 213-224
32. Reis e Sousa C., et al. Paralysis of dendritic cell IL-12 production by microbial products prevents infection-induced immunopathology. Immunity 11 (1999) 637-647
33. + dendritic cells. Nat. Immunol. 1 (2000) 83-87
34. Aliberti J., et al. Molecular mimicry of a CCR5 binding-domain in the microbial activation of dendritic cells. Nat. Immunol. 4 (2003) 485-490
35. Golding H., et al. Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by a CCR5-binding cyclophilin from Toxoplasma gondii. Blood 102 (2003) 3280-3286
36. Murphy P.M. Viral exploitation and subversion of the immune system through chemokine mimicry. Nat. Immunol. 2 (2001) 116-122
37. Golding H., et al. CCR5 N-terminal region plays a critical role in HIV-1 inhibition by Toxoplasma gondii-derived cyclophilin-18. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 29570-29577
38. Lim J.K., et al. CCR5: no longer a 'good for nothing' gene - chemokine control of West Nile virus infection. Trends Immunol. 27 (2006) 308-312
39. Keane J., et al. Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor α-neutralizing agent. New Engl. J. Med. 345 (2001) 1098-1104
40. Alcami A. Viral mimicry of cytokines, chemokines and their receptors. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3 (2003) 36-50
41. Seet B.T., et al. Poxviruses and immune evasion. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21 (2003) 377-423
42. Schreiber M., et al. Myxoma virus T2 protein, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor homolog, is secreted as a monomer and dimer that each bind rabbit TNFα, but the dimer is a more potent TNF inhibitor. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 13333-13341
43. Alcami A., and Smith G.L. The vaccinia virus soluble interferon-γ receptor is a homodimer. J. Gen. Virol. 83 (2002) 545-549
44. Alcami A., and Smith G.L. A mechanism for the inhibition of fever by a virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93 (1996) 11029-11034
45. Saraiva M., et al. Inhibition of type 1 cytokine-mediated inflammation by a soluble CD30 homologue encoded by ectromelia (mousepox) virus. J. Exp. Med. 196 (2002) 829-839
46. Brunetti C.R., et al. A secreted high-affinity inhibitor of human TNF from Tanapox virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100 (2003) 4831-4836
47. Rahman, M.M. et al. Variation in ligand binding specificities of a novel class of poxvirus-encoded tumor necrosis factor-binding protein. J. Biol Chem (in press)
48. Seet B.T., and McFadden G. Viral chemokine-binding proteins. J. Leukoc. Biol. 72 (2002) 24-34
49. Webb L.M., and Alcami A. Virally encoded chemokine binding proteins. Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 5 (2005) 833-848
50. Wang D., et al. Human cytomegalovirus encodes a highly specific RANTES decoy receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101 (2004) 16642-16647
51. Alexander J.M., et al. Structural basis of chemokine sequestration by a herpesvirus decoy receptor. Cell 111 (2002) 343-356
52. Liu L., et al. The viral anti-inflammatory chemokine-binding protein M-T7 reduces intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. J. Clin. Invest. 105 (2000) 1613-1621
53. Liu L., et al. Viral chemokine-binding proteins inhibit inflammatory responses and aortic allograft transplant vasculopathy in rat models. Transplantation 77 (2004) 1652-1660
54. Dabbagh K., et al. Local blockade of allergic airway hyperreactivity and inflammation by the poxvirus-derived pan-CC-chemokine inhibitor vCCI. J. Immunol. 165 (2000) 3418-3422
55. Jamieson T., et al. The chemokine receptor D6 limits the inflammatory response in vivo. Nat. Immunol. 6 (2005) 403-411
56. Pyo R., et al. Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in transgenic mice conditionally expressing the chemokine-binding protein M3. Am. J. Pathol. 164 (2004) 2289-2297
57. Alejo A., et al. A chemokine-binding domain in the tumor necrosis factor receptor from variola (smallpox) virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 (2006) 5995-6000
58. Feldmann M., and Steinman L. Design of effective immunotherapy for human autoimmunity. Nature 435 (2005) 612-619
59. Rahman, M.M. and McFadden, G. (2006) Modulation of tumor necrosis factor by microbial pathogens. PLoS Pathog 2, e4 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0020004 (http://pathogens.plosjournals.org/)
60. Smith P., et al. Schistosoma mansoni secretes a chemokine binding protein with antiinflammatory activity. J. Exp. Med. 202 (2005) 1319-1325
61. Johnson Z., et al. Multi-faceted strategies to combat disease by interference with the chemokine system. Trends Immunol. 26 (2005) 268-274
62. Wells T.N., et al. Chemokine blockers - therapeutics in the making?. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 27 (2006) 41-47
63. Munter, S. et al. (2006) Signaling during pathogen infection. Sci. STKE re5 DOI: 10.1126/stke.3352006re5 (http://stke.sciencemag.org/)
64. O'Neill L.A. Targeting signal transduction as a strategy to treat inflammatory diseases. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 5 (2006) 549-563
65. Bowie A., et al. A46R and A52R from vaccinia virus are antagonists of host IL-1 and toll-like receptor signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 97 (2000) 10162-10167
66. Maloney G., et al. Vaccinia virus protein A52R activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and potentiates lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-10. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 30838-30844
67. McCoy S.L., et al. Identification of a peptide derived from vaccinia virus A52R protein that inhibits cytokine secretion in response to TLR-dependent signaling and reduces in vivo bacterial-induced inflammation. J. Immunol. 174 (2005) 3006-3014
68. Pizarro-Cerda J., and Cossart P. Bacterial adhesion and entry into host cells. Cell 124 (2006) 715-727
69. Viboud G.I., and Bliska J.B. Yersinia outer proteins: role in modulation of host cell signaling responses and pathogenesis. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 59 (2005) 69-89
70. Mukherjee S., et al. Yersinia YopJ acetylates and inhibits kinase activation by blocking phosphorylation. Science 312 (2006) 1211-1214
71. Zhou H., et al. Yersinia virulence factor YopJ acts as a deubiquitinase to inhibit NF-κB activation. J. Exp. Med. 202 (2005) 1327-1332
72. Schellekens H. Bioequivalence and the immunogenicity of biopharmaceuticals. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 1 (2002) 457-462
73. Deshayes S., et al. Cell-penetrating peptides: tools for intracellular delivery of therapeutics. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62 (2005) 1839-1849
74. Steen N.A., et al. Proteins in the saliva of the Ixodida (ticks): pharmacological features and biological significance. Toxicon 47 (2006) 1-20
75. Mazmanian S.K., et al. An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system. Cell 122 (2005) 107-118
76. Macagno A., et al. A cyanobacterial LPS antagonist prevents endotoxin shock and blocks sustained TLR4 stimulation required for cytokine expression. J. Exp. Med. 203 (2006) 1481-1492
77. Viswanathan K., et al. Myxoma viral serpin, Serp-1, a unique interceptor of coagulation and innate immune pathways. Thromb. Haemost. 95 (2006) 499-510