Violating equality in social dilemmas: Emotional and retributive reactions as a function of trust, attribution, and honesty

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 32, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 894-906

  Stouten, Jeroen ^a   De Cremer, David ^b   Van Dijk, Eric ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b TILBURG UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Attribution; Emotions; Equality; Honesty; Retribution; Social dilemmas; Trust

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONFLICT; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COOPERATION; EMOTION; GROUP PROCESS; HUMAN; NETHERLANDS; PUNISHMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL JUSTICE; TRUST;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CONFLICT (PSYCHOLOGY); COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR; EMOTIONS; GROUP PROCESSES; HUMANS; INTENTION; NETHERLANDS; PUNISHMENT; SOCIAL JUSTICE; SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY; TRUST;

EID: 33744788874     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: 15527433     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167206287538     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: implications for theories of emotion. American Psychologist 38, 1145-1160.
2. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51, 1173-1182.
3. Berg, J., Dickhaut, J., & McCabe, K. (1995). Trust, reciprocity, and social history. Games and Economic Behavior 10, 122-142.
4. Bies, R. J. (1987). The predicament of injustice: The management of moral outrage. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 9, pp. 289-319). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
5. Bies, R. J., & Tripp, T. M. (1996). Beyond distrust: "Getting even" and the need for revenge. In R. M. Kramer & T. R. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations. Frontiers of theory and research (pp. 246-260). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
6. Bies, R. J., & Tripp, T. M. (2002). Hot flashes, open wounds: Injustice and the tyranny of its emotions. In S. W. Gilliland, D. D. Steiner, & D. P. Skarlicki (Eds.), Emerging perspectives on managing organizational justice (pp. 303-221). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
7. Blomqvist, K. (1997). The many faces of trust. Scandinavian Journal of Management 13, 271-286.
8. Blount, S. (1995). When social outcomes aren't fair: The effect of causal attributions on preferences. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 63, 131-144.
9. Bobocel, R. D., & Zdaniuk, A. (2005). How can explanations be used to foster organizational justice? In J. Greenberg & J. A. Colquitt (Eds.), Handbook of organizational justice (pp. 469-498). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
10. Boles, T. L., Croson, R. T. A., & Murnighan, J. K. (2000). Deception and retribution in repeated ultimatum bargaining. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 83, 235-259.
11. Bottom, W. P., Gibson, K., Daniels, S., & Murnighan, J. K. (2002). When talk is not cheap: Substantive penance and expressions of intent in rebuilding cooperation. Organization Science 13, 497-513.
12. Carlsmith, K. M., Darley, J. M., & Robinson, P. H. (2002). Why do we punish? Deterrence and just deserts as motives for punishment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83, 284-299.
13. Croson, R., Boles, T., & Murnighan, J. K. (2003). Cheap talk in bargaining experiments: Lying and threats in ultimatum games. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 51, 143 - 159.
14. Darley, J. M., & Pittman, T. S. (2003). The psychology of compensatory and retributive justice. Personality and Social Psychology Review 7, 324-336.
15. De Cremer, D. (2004). The influence of accuracy as a function of leader's bias: The role of trustworthiness in the psychology of procedural justice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30, 293-304.
16. De Cremer, D., Snyder, M., & Dewitte, S. (2001). The less I trust, the less I contribute (or not)? The effects of trust, accountability and self-monitoring in social dilemmas. European Journal of Social Psychology 31, 93-107.
17. Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H. B. (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 51, 629-636.
18. Fehr, E., & Gächter, S. (2002). Altruistic punishment in humans. Nature 415, 137-140.
19. Frijda, N. H. (1986). The emotions. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
20. Goldberg, J. H., Lerner, J. S., & Tetlock, P. E. (1999). Rage and reason: The psychology of the intuitive prosecutor. European Journal of Social Psychology 29, 781-795.
21. Greenberg, J. (1990). Looking fair vs. being fair: Managing impressions of organizational justice. In B. M. Staw (Ed.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 12, pp. 111-157). Greenwich, CN: JAI.
22. Greenberg, J. (1993). The social side of fairness: Interpersonal and informational classes of organizational justice. In R. Cropanzano (Ed.), Justice in the workplace: Approaching fairness in human resource management (Vol. 1, pp. 79-103). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
23. Hertel, G. (1999). Mood effects in social dilemmas: What we know so far. In M. Foddy & M. Smithson (Eds.), Resolving social dilemmas: Dynamic structural and intergroup aspects (pp. 227-243). Philadelphia: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis.
24. Johnson, T. E., & Rule, B. G. (1986). Mitigating circumstance information, censure, and aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50, 537-542.
25. Kerr, N. L. (1999). Anonymity and social control in social dilemmas. In M. Foddy & M. Smithson (Eds.), Resolving social dilemmas: Dynamic structural and intergroup aspects (pp. 103-119). Philadelphia: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis.
26. Kerr, N. L., Tindale, R. S. (2004). Group performance and decision making. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 1-32.
27. Kidd, R., & Utne, M. (1978). Reactions to inequity: A perspective on the role of attributions. Law and Human Behavior 2, 301-311.
28. Kim, P. H., Ferrin, D. L., Cooper, C. D., & Dirks, K. T. (2004). Removing the shadow of suspicion: The effects of apology versus denial for repairing competenceversus integrity-based trust violations. Journal of Applied Psychology 89, 104-118.
29. Knapp, A., & Clark, M. S. (1991). Some detrimental effects of negative mood on individuals' ability to solve resource dilemmas. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 17, 678-688.
30. Komorita, S. S., & Parks, C. D. (1994). Social dilemmas. Dubuque, IA: Brown & Benchmark.
31. Loewenstein, G. F., & Lerner, J. S. (2002). The role of affect in decision making. In R. J. Davidson, K. R. Scherer, & H. H. Goldsmith (Eds.), The handbook of affective sciences (pp. 619-642). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
32. Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review 20, 709-734.
33. McCusker, C., & Carnevale, P. J. (1995). Framing in resource dilemmas: Loss aversion and the moderating effects of sanctions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 61, 190-201.
34. Messick, D. M. (1993). Equality as a decision heuristic. In B. A. Mellers & J. Baron (Eds.), Psychological perspectives on justice: Theory and applications. Cambridge series on judgment and decision making (pp. 11-31). New York: Cambridge University Press.
35. Mikula, G., Scherer, K. R., & Athenstaedt, U. (1998). The role of injustice in the elicitation of differential emotional reactions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24, 769-783.
36. Mulder, L. B., Van Dijk, E., De Cremer, D., & Wilke, H. A. M. (in press). Undermining trust and cooperation: The paradox of sanctioning systems in social dilemmas. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.
37. Niehoff, B. P., Paul, R. J., & Bunch, J. F. S. (1998). The social effects of punishment events: The influence of violator past performance record and severity of the punishment on observers' justice perceptions and attitudes. Journal of Organizational Behavior 19, 589-602.
38. O'Connor, K. M., & Carnevale, P. J. (1997). A nasty but effective negotiation strategy: Misrepresentation of a common-value issue. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23, 504-515.
39. O'Sullivan, M. (2003). The fundamental attribution error in detecting deception: The boy-who-cried-wolf effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 29, 1316-1327.
40. Parks, C. D., & Hulbert, L. G. (1995). High and low trusters' responses to fear in a payoff matrix. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 39, 718-730.
41. Pruitt, D. G. (1981). Negotiation behavior. New York: Academic Press.
42. Pruitt, D. G., & Kimmel, M. J. (1977). Twenty years of experimental gaming: Critique, synthesis, and suggestions for the future. Annual Review of Psychology 36, 363-392.
43. Rabin, M. (1993). Incorporating fairness into game theory and economics. American Economic Review 83, 1281-1302.
44. Ring, P. S., & Van de Ven, A. H. (1994). Developmental processes of cooperative interorganizational relationships. Academy of Management Review 19, 90-118.
45. Robinson, R. J., Lewicki, R. J., & Donahue, E. M. (2000). Extending and testing a five factor model of ethical and unethical bargaining tactics: Introducing the SINS scale. Journal of Organizational Behavior 21, 649-664.
46. Rucker, D. D., Polifroni, M., Tetlock, P. E., & Scott, A. L. (2004). On the assignment of punishment: The impact of general-societal threat and the moderating role of severity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30, 673-684.
47. Russell, J. A., & Fehr, B. (1994). Fuzzy concepts in a fuzzy hierarchy: Varieties of anger. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67, 186-205.
48. Rutte, C. G., & Messick, D. M. (1995). An integrated model of perceived unfairness in organizations. Social Justice Research 8, 239-261.
49. Samuelson, C. D., & Allison, S. T. (1994). Cognitive factors affecting the use of social decision heuristics in resource-sharing tasks. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 58, 1-27.
50. Scherer, K. R. (1988). Criteria for emotion-antecedent appraisal: A review. In V. Hamilton, G. H. Bower, & N. H. Frijda (Eds.), Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation: Vol. 44. NATO ASI series D: Behavioural and social sciences (pp. 89-126). Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer.
51. Schroeder, D. A., Jensen, T. D., Reed, A. J., Sullivan, D. K., & Schwab, M. (1983). The actions of others as determinants of behavior in social trap situations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 19, 522-539.
52. Schroeder, D. A., Steel, J. E., Woodell, A. J., & Bembenek, A. F. (2003). Justice within social dilemmas. Personality and Social Psychology Review 7, 374-387.
53. Shaver, K. G. (1985). The attribution of blame: Causality responsibility and blameworthiness. New York: Springer-Verlag.
54. Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O'Connor, C. (1987). Emotion knowledge: Further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52, 1061-1086.
55. Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In S. Leinhart (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290-312). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
56. Stouten, J., De Cremer, D., & Van Dijk, E. (2005). All is well that ends well, at least for proselfs: Emotional reactions to equality violation as a function of social value orientation. European Journal of Social Psychology 35, 767-783.
57. Trevino, L. K. (1992). The social effects of punishment in organizations: A justice perspective. Academy of Management Review 17, 647-676.
58. Tyler, T. R., Boeckmann, R. J., Smith, H. J., & Huo, Y. J. (1997). Social justice in a diverse society. Boulder, CO: Westview.
59. Van der Kragt, A. J. C., Orbell, J., & Dawes, R. M. (1983). The minimal contributing set as a solution to public goods problems. American Political Science Review 77, 112-122.
60. Van Dijk, E., & Wilke, H. (2000). Decision-induced focusing in social dilemmas: Give-some, keep-some, take-some, and leave-some dilemmas. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78, 92-104.
61. Van Dijk, W. W., & Zeelenberg, M. (2002). What do we talk about when we talk about disappointment? Distinguishing outcomerelated disappointment from person-related disappointment. Cognition and Emotion 16, 787-807.
62. Weiner, B. (1985). An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review 92, 548-573.
63. Weiner, B. (1986). An attributional theory of motivation and emotion. New York: Springer Verlag.
64. Weiss, H. M., Suckow, K., & Cropanzano, R. (1999). Effects of justice conditions on discrete emotions. Journal of Applied Psychology 84, 786-794.
65. Williams, K. D., & Karau, S. J. (1991). Social loafing and social compensation: The effects of expectations of co-worker performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 61, 570-581.
66. Yamagishi, T. (1986). The provision of a sanctioning system as a public good. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51, 110-116.
67. Yamagishi, T., & Yamagishi, M. (1994). Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan. Motivation and Emotion, 18, 129-166.