Recent advance in antiplatelet therapy: The mechanisms, evidence and approach to the problems

Annals of Medicine

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 162-172

  Horiuchi, Hisanori ^a  

^a KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Antiplatelet drugs; Aspirin; Aspirin resistance; Clopidogrel; Clopidogrel resistance; Platelet activation

Indexed keywords

11 OXOTHROMBOXANE B2; ABCIXIMAB; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ADENOSINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ATORVASTATIN; BERAPROST; CILOSTAZOL; CLOPIDOGREL; DICLOFENAC; DIPYRIDAMOLE; EPTIFIBATIDE; ERYTHROMYCIN; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; IBUPROFEN; NAFTIDROFURYL; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PARACETAMOL; PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITOR; PROSTACYCLIN DERIVATIVE; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; PURINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RIFAMPICIN; ROFECOXIB; SARPOGRELATE; SEROTONIN ANTAGONIST; THIENO[3,2 C]PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; TICLOPIDINE;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ARTERY DISEASE; ASPIRIN RESISTANCE; BLEEDING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY STENT; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG RESISTANCE; DRUG TOLERANCE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; META ANALYSIS; NEUTROPENIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TACHYCARDIA; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; THROMBOSIS;

ASPIRIN; DRUG RESISTANCE; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; HUMANS; NUCLEOTIDES, CYCLIC; PLATELET ACTIVATION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX; RECEPTORS, PURINERGIC P2; SEROTONIN ANTAGONISTS;

EID: 33646405176     PISSN: 07853890     EISSN: 16512219     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07853890600640657     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Falk E, Shah PK, Fuster V. Coronary plaque disruption. Circulation. 1995;92:657-71.
2. Shah PK. New insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 1997;79:17-23.
3. Brass LF. The molecular basis of platelet activation. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Shattil SJ, Furie B, Cohen HJ, Silberstein LE, et al., editors. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 4th ed. New York: Elsevier; 2005. p. 1889-914.
4. Plow EF, Ginsberg MH. The molecular basis for platelet funcion. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Shattil SJ, Furie B, Cohen HJ, Silberstein LE, et al., editors. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 4th ed. New York: Elsevier; 2005. p. 1881-97.
5. Fuster V, Moreno PR, Fayad ZA, Corti R, Badimon JJ. Atherothrombosis and high-risk plaque: part I: evolving concepts. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:937-54.
6. Coughlin SR. Thrombin signalling and protease-activated receptors. Nature. 2000;407:258-64.
7. 2+-mediated secretion. Nature. 1982;296:256-7.
8. Hirata T, Ushikubi F, Kakizuka A, Okuma M, Narumiya S. Two thromboxane A2 receptor isoforms in human platelets. Opposite coupling to adenylyl cyclase with different sensitivity to Arg60 to Leu mutation. J Clin Invest. 1996;97:949-56.
9. Patrono C. Aspirin as an antiplatelet drug. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:1287-94.
10. Bhatt DL, Topol EJ. Scientific and therapeutic advances in antiplatelet therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003;2:15-28.
11. Chandrasekharan NV, Dai H, Roos KL, Evanson NK, Tomsik J, Elton TS, et al. COX-3, a cyclooxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic/ antipyretic drugs: cloning, structure, and expression. Proc Nad Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:13926-31.
12. Dogne JM, Hanson J, Pratico D. Thromboxane, prostacyclin and isoprostanes: therapeutic targets in atherogenesis. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2005;26:639-44.
13. Antithrombotic Trialists' Colloboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ. 2002;324:71-86.
14. Grotemeyer KH, Scharafinski HW, Husstedt IW. Two-year follow-up of aspirin responder and aspirin non responder. A pilot-study including 180 post-stroke patients. Thromb Res. 1993;71:397-403.
15. Mueller MR, Salat A, Stangl P, Murabito M, Pulaki S, Boehm D, et al. Variable platelet response to low-dose ASA and the risk of limb deterioration in patients submitted to peripheral arterial angioplasty. Thromb Haemost. 1997;78: 1003-7.
16. Grundmann K, Jaschonek K, Kleine B, Dichgans J, Topka H. Aspirin non-responder status in patients with recurrent cerebral ischemic attacks. J Neurol. 2003;250:63-6.
17. Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ. Aspirin resistance: a new independent predictor of vascular events? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:966-8.
18. Cattaneo M. Aspirin and clopidogrel: efficacy, safety, and the issue of drug resistance. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24:1980-7.
19. Sztriha LK, Sas K, Vecsei L. Aspirin resistance in stroke: 2004. J Neurol Sci. 2005;229-30:163-9.
20. Michelson AD, Cattaneo M, Eikelboom JW, Gurbel P, Kottke-Marchant K, Kunicki TJ, et al. Aspirin resistance: position paper of the Working Group on Aspirin Resistance. J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3:1309-11.
21. Born GV, Haslam RJ, Goldman M. Comparative Effectiveness of Adenosine Analogues as Inhibitors of Blood-Platelet Aggregation and as Vasodilators in Man. Nature. 1965;205:678-80.
22. Gum PA, Kottke-Marchant K, Welsh PA, White J, Topol EJ. A prospective, blinded determination of the natural history of aspirin resistance among stable patients with cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:961-5.
23. Valles J, Santos MT, Aznar J, Osa A, Lago A, Cosin J, et al. Erythrocyte promotion of platelet reactivity decreases the effectiveness of aspirin as an antithrombotic therapeutic modality: the effect of low-dose aspirin is less than optimal in patients with vascular disease due to prothrombotic effects of erythrocytes on platelet reactivity. Circulation. 1998;97:350-5.
24. Zimmermann N, Wenk A, Kim U, Kienzle P, Weber AA, Gams E, et al. Functional and biochemical evaluation of platelet aspirin resistance after coronary artery bypass surgery. Circulation. 2003;108:542-7.
25. Chen WH, Lee PY, Ng W, Tse HF, Lau CP. Aspirin resistance is associated with a high incidence of myonecrosis after non-urgent percutaneous coronary intervention despite clopidogrel pretreatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43: 1122-6.
26. Eikelboom JW, Hirsh J, Weitz JI, Johnston M, Yi Q, Yusuf S. Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. Circulation. 2002;105:1650-5.
27. Gonzalez-Conejero R, Rivera J, Corral J, Acuna C, Guerrero JA, Vicente V. Biological assessment of aspirin efficacy on healthy individuals: heterogeneous response or aspirin failure? Stroke. 2005;36:276-80.
28. Nicholson NS, Panzer-Knodle SG, Haas NF, Taite BB, Szalony JA, Page JD, et al. Assessment of platelet function assays. Am Heart J. 1998;135:S170-8.
29. Catella-Lawson F, Reilly MP, Kapoor SC, Cucchiara AJ, DeMarco S, Tournier B, et al. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors and the antiplatelet effects of aspirin. N Engl J Med. 2001;345: 1809-17.
30. MacDonald TM, Wei L. Effect of ibuprofen on cardioprotective effect of aspirin. Lancet. 2003;361:573-4.
31. Kurth T, Glynn RJ, Walker AM, Chan KA, Buring JE, Hennekens CH, et al. Inhibition of clinical benefits of aspirin on first myocardial infarction by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Circulation. 2003;108:1191-5.
32. Berglund U, Wallentin L. Persistent inhibition of platelet function during long-term treatment with 75 mg acetylsalicylic acid daily in men with unstable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 1991;12:428-33.
33. Pulcinelli FM, Pignatelli P, Celestini A, Riondino S, Gazzaniga PP, Violi F. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by aspirin progressively decreases in long-term treated patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:979-84.
34. Friend M, Vucenik I, Miller M. Research pointers: Platelet responsiveness to aspirin in patients with hyperlipidaemia. BMJ. 2003;326:82-3.
35. Larsson PT, Wallen NH, Hjemdahl P. Norepinephrine-induced human platelet activation in vivo is only partly counteracted by aspirin. Circulation. 1994;89:1951-7.
36. Hung J, Lam JY, Lacoste L, Letchacovski G. Cigarette smoking acutely increases platelet thrombus formation in patients with coronary artery disease taking aspirin. Circulation. 1995;92:2432-6.
37. Halushka MK, Halushka PV. Why are some individuals resistant to the cardioprotective effects of aspirin? Could it be thromboxane A2? Circulation. 2002;105:1620-2.
38. Cambria-Kiely JA, Gandhi PJ. Aspirin resistance and genetic polymorphisms. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2002;14:51-8.
39. Kunapuli SP, Dorsam RT, Kim S, Quinton TM. Platelet purinergic receptors. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2003;3:175-80.
40. Dorsam RT, Kunapuli SP. Central role of the P2Y12 receptor in platelet activation. J Clin Invest. 2004;113:340-5.
41. Jin J, Daniel JL, Kunapuli SP. Molecular basis for ADP-induced platelet activation. II. The P2Y1 receptor mediates ADP-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and shape change in platelets. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:2030-4.
42. Goto S, Tamura N, Eto K, Ikeda Y, Handa S. Functional significance of adenosine 5'-diphosphate receptor (P2Y(12)) in platelet activation initiated by binding of von Willebrand factor to platelet GP Ibalpha induced by conditions of high shear rate. Circulation. 2002;105:2531-6.
43. Remijn JA, Wu YP, Jeninga EH, IJsseldijk MJ, van Willigen G, de Groot PG, et al. Role of ADP receptor P2Y(12) in platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in flowing blood. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002;22: 686-91.
44. van Gestel MA, Heemskerk JW, Slaaf DW, Heijnen W, Reneman RS, oude Egbrink MG. In vivo blockade of platelet ADP receptor P2Y12 reduces embolus and thrombus formation but not thrombus stability. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:518-23.
45. Hass WK, Easton JD, Adams HP Jr, Pryse-Phillips W, Molony BA, Anderson S, et al. A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients. Ticlopidine Aspirin Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:501-7.
46. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet. 1996;348:1329-39.
47. Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR, Chrolavicius S, Tognoni G, Fox KK. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:494-502.
48. Moake JL. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: the systemic clumping "plague". Annu Rev Med. 2002;53: 75-88.
49. Matetzky S, Shenkman B, Guetta V, Shechter M, Bienart R, Goldenberg I, et al. Clopidogrel resistance is associated with increased risk of recurrent atherothrombotic events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2004;109:3171-5.
50. Lau WC, Gurbel PA, Watkins PB, Neer CJ, Hopp AS, Carville DG, et al. Contribution of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 metabolic activity to the phenomenon of clopidogrel resistance. Circulation. 2004,109:166-71.
51. Narumiya S, Sugimoto Y, Ushikubi F. Prostanoid receptors: structures, properties, and functions. Physiol Rev. 1999;79: 1193-226.
52. Humbert M, Sitbon O, Simonneau G. Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2004;351: 1425-36.
53. Dusting GJ, Moncada S, Vane JR. Recirculation of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the dog. Br J Pharmacol. 1978;64:315-20.
54. Demolis JL, Robert A, Mouren M, Funck-Brentano C, Jaillon P. Pharmacokinetics and platelet antiaggregating effects of beraprost, an oral stable prostacyclin analogue, in healthy volunteers. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1993;22:711-6.
55. Lievre M, Morand S, Besse B, Fiessinger JN, Boissel JP. Oral Beraprost sodium, a prostaglandin 1(2) analogue, for intermittent claudication: a double-blind, randomized, multicenter controlled trial. Beraprost et Claudication Intermittente (BERCI) Research Group. Circulation. 2000;102:426-31.
56. Mohler ER 3rd, Hiatt WR, Olin JW, Wade M, Jeffs R, Hirsch AT. Treatment of intermittent claudication with beraprost sodium, an orally active prostaglandin 12 analogue: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1679-86.
57. Origasa H, Ikeda Y, Shimada K, Shigematsu H. Oral Beraprost Sodium as a Prostaglandin 12 Analogue for Vascular Events in patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease: Meta-Analysis of Two Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trials. Jpn J Pharmacoepidemiol. 2004;9:45-51.
58. Haslam RJ, Dickinson NT, Jang EK. Cyclic nucleotides and phosphodiesterases in platelets. Thromb Haemost. 1999;82: 412-23.
59. Geiger J, Teichmann L, Grossmann R, Aktas B, Steigerwald U, Walter U, et al. Monitoring of clopidogrel action: comparison of methods. Clin Chem. 2005;51:957-65.
60. Sudo T, Tachibana K, Toga K, Tochizawa S, Inoue Y, Kimura Y, et al. Potent effects of novel anti-platelet aggregatory cilostamide analogues on recombinant cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase isozyme activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000;59347-56.
61. Goto S. Cilostazol: Potential mechanism of action for antithrombotic effects accompanied by a low rate of bleeding. Atheroscler Suppl. 2005 Nov 3; [Epub ahead of print].
62. Money SR, Herd JA, Isaacsohn JL, Davidson M, Cutler B, Heckman J, et al. Effect of cilostazol on walking distances in patients with intermittent claudication caused by peripheral vascular disease. J Vasc Surg. 1998;27:267-74.
63. Dawson DL, Cutler BS, Meissner MH, Strandness DE Jr. Cilostazol has beneficial effects in treatment of intermittent claudication: results from a multicenter, randomized, prospective, double-blind trial. Circulation. 1998;98:678-86.
64. Dormandy JA, Rutherford RB. Management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). TASC Working Group. TransAtlantic Inter-Society Concensus (TASC). J Vasc Surg. 2000;31: S1-S296.
65. Gotoh F, Tohgi H, Hirai S, Terashi A, Fukuuchi Y, Otomo E, et al. Cirostazol Stroke Prevention Study: A placebo-controlled double-blinded trial for secondary prevention of cerebral infarction. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 2000;9:147-57.
66. Sakuma I, Akaishi Y, Fukao M, Makita Y, Makita MA, Kobayashi T, et al. Dipyridamole potentiates the anti-aggregating effect of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Thromb Res Suppl. 1990;12:87-90.
67. Diener HC, Cunha L, Forbes C, Sivenius J, Smets P, Lowenthal A. European Stroke Prevention Study 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci. 1996;143:1-13.
68. De Schryver EL, Algra A, van Gijn J. Cochrane review: dipyridamole for preventing major vascular events in patients with vascular disease. Stroke. 2003;34:2072-80.
69. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet. 1999;354: 447-55.
70. Yokoyama M. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on major cardiovascular events in hypercholesterolemic patients: the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS) Circulation. 2005;112:3362-3.
71. Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2002;106:2747-57.
72. Needleman P, Raz A, Minkes MS, Ferrendelli JA, Sprecher H. Triene prostaglandins: prostacyclin and thromboxane biosynthesis and unique biological properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979;76:944-8.
73. Tyce GM. Origin and metabolism of serotonin. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1990;16(Suppl 3):S1-7.
74. Vanhoutte PM. Platelet-derived serotonin, the endothelium, and cardiovascular disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1991;17(Suppl 5):S6-12.
75. Trubestein G, Bohme H, Heidrich H, Heinrich F, Hirche H, Maass U, et al. Naftidrofuryl in chronic arterial disease. Results of a controlled multicenter study. Angiology. 1984;35:701-8.
76. Adhoute G, Bacourt F, Barral M, Cardon JM, Chevalier JM, Cuny A, et al. Naftidrofuryl in chronic arterial disease. Results of a six month controlled multicenter study using Naftidrofuryl tablets 200 mg. Angiology. 1986;37:160-7.
77. Doggrell SA. Sarpogrelate: cardiovascular and renal clinical potential. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2004;13:865-74.
78. Bhatt DL, Topol EJ. Current role of platelet glycoprotein IIb/ IIIa inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes. JAMA. 2000;284: 1549-58.
79. O'Shea JC, Hafley GE, Greenberg S, Hasselblad V, Lorenz TJ, Kitt MM, et al. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin blockade with eptifibatide in coronary stent intervention: the ESPRIT trial: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001;285:2468-73.
80. Topol EJ, Moliterno DJ, Herrmann HC, Powers ER, Grines CL, Cohen DJ, et al. Comparison of two platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, tirofiban and abciximab, for the prevention of ischemic events with percutaneous coronary revascularization. N Engl J Med. 2001;344: 1888-94.
81. Quinn MJ, Plow EF, Topol EJ. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors: recognition of a two-edged sword? Circulation. 2002;106:379-85.
82. Quinn MJ, Byzova TV, Qin J, Topol EJ, Plow EF. Integrin alphaIIbbeta3 and its antagonism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:945-52.
83. Cox D, Smith R, Quinn M, Theroux P, Crean P, Fitzgerald DJ. Evidence of platelet activation during treatment with a GPIIb/IIIa antagonist in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36: 1514-9.