메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 127, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 1237-1251

Cortical selective vulnerability in motor neuron disease: A morphometric study

Author keywords

Anterior cingulate cortex; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; Motor neuron disease; Primary motor cortex; Selective vulnerability

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY; CALBINDIN; CALCIUM BINDING PROTEIN; CALRETININ; EPITOPE; NEUROFILAMENT PROTEIN; NEUROFILAMENT PROTEIN HEAVY CHAIN; PARVALBUMIN; SMI 32 ANTIBODY; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 2942532727     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh132     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (130)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 84914639435 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of nuclear population from microtomic sections
    • Abercrombie M. Estimation of nuclear population from microtomic sections. Anat Rev 1946; 94: 239.
    • (1946) Anat Rev , vol.94 , pp. 239
    • Abercrombie, M.1
  • 2
    • 0029000507 scopus 로고
    • A positron emission tomography study of frontal lobe function (verbal fluency) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Abrahams S, Leigh PN, Kew JJ, Goldstein LH, Lloyd CM, Brooks DJ. A positron emission tomography study of frontal lobe function (verbal fluency) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1995; 129 Suppl: 44-6.
    • (1995) J Neurol Sci , vol.129 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 44-46
    • Abrahams, S.1    Leigh, P.N.2    Kew, J.J.3    Goldstein, L.H.4    Lloyd, C.M.5    Brooks, D.J.6
  • 5
    • 0036230412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin-only intraneuronal inclusion in the substantia nigra is a characteristic feature of motor neuron disease with dementia
    • Al-Sarraj S, Maekawa S, Kibble M, Everall I, Leigh PN. Ubiquitin-only intraneuronal inclusion in the substantia nigra is a characteristic feature of motor neuron disease with dementia. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2002; 28: 120-8.
    • (2002) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.28 , pp. 120-128
    • Al-Sarraj, S.1    Maekawa, S.2    Kibble, M.3    Everall, I.4    Leigh, P.N.5
  • 6
    • 0032772394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition, language and behaviour in motor neurone disease: Evidence of frontotemporal dysfunction
    • Review
    • Bak TH, Hodges JR. Cognition, language and behaviour in motor neurone disease: evidence of frontotemporal dysfunction. [Review]. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1999; 10 Suppl 1: 29-32.
    • (1999) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 29-32
    • Bak, T.H.1    Hodges, J.R.2
  • 7
    • 0030959484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurofilament architecture of superior and mesial premotor cortex in the human brain
    • Baleydier C, Achache P, Froment JC. Neurofilament architecture of superior and mesial premotor cortex in the human brain. Neuroreport 1997; 8: 1691-6.
    • (1997) Neuroreport , vol.8 , pp. 1691-1696
    • Baleydier, C.1    Achache, P.2    Froment, J.C.3
  • 8
    • 0002710080 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative study of certain morphological changes in spinal motor neurons during axon reaction
    • Barr ML, Hamilton JD. A quantitative study of certain morphological changes in spinal motor neurons during axon reaction. J Comp Neurol 1948; 89: 93-121.
    • (1948) J Comp Neurol , vol.89 , pp. 93-121
    • Barr, M.L.1    Hamilton, J.D.2
  • 9
    • 0035060558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional cell counting: A practical perspective
    • Benes FM, Lange N. Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional cell counting: a practical perspective. Trends Neurosci 2001; 24: 11-7.
    • (2001) Trends Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 11-17
    • Benes, F.M.1    Lange, N.2
  • 10
    • 0027451367 scopus 로고
    • Motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-lessons from ubiquitin
    • Bergmann M. Motor neuron disease/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-lessons from ubiquitin. Pathol Res Pract 1993; 189: 902-12.
    • (1993) Pathol Res Pract , vol.189 , pp. 902-912
    • Bergmann, M.1
  • 14
    • 0024550350 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody to neurofilament protein (SMI-32) labels a subpopulation of pyramidal neurons in the human and monkey neocortex
    • Campbell MJ, Morrison JH. Monoclonal antibody to neurofilament protein (SMI-32) labels a subpopulation of pyramidal neurons in the human and monkey neocortex. J Comp Neurol 1989; 282: 191-205.
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.282 , pp. 191-205
    • Campbell, M.J.1    Morrison, J.H.2
  • 16
    • 0028941168 scopus 로고
    • In vitro kainate injury to large, SMI-32(+) spinal neurons is Ca2+ dependent
    • Carriedo SG, Yin HZ, Lamberta R, Weiss JH. In vitro kainate injury to large, SMI-32(+) spinal neurons is Ca2+ dependent. Neuroreport 1995; 6: 945-8.
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.6 , pp. 945-948
    • Carriedo, S.G.1    Yin, H.Z.2    Lamberta, R.3    Weiss, J.H.4
  • 17
    • 0030015076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor neurons are selectively vulnerable to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated injury in vitro
    • Carriedo SG, Yin HZ, Weiss JH. Motor neurons are selectively vulnerable to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated injury in vitro. J Neurosci 1996; 16: 4069-79.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 4069-4079
    • Carriedo, S.G.1    Yin, H.Z.2    Weiss, J.H.3
  • 18
    • 0025358573 scopus 로고
    • Calbindin D-28k and parvalbumin in the rat nervous system
    • Celio MR. Calbindin D-28k and parvalbumin in the rat nervous system. Neuroscience 1990; 35: 375-475.
    • (1990) Neuroscience , vol.35 , pp. 375-475
    • Celio, M.R.1
  • 20
    • 0029936485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal visual attention, but not recognition memory of learning, processes are impaired in motor neurone disease
    • Chari G, Shaw PJ, Sahgal A. Nonverbal visual attention, but not recognition memory of learning, processes are impaired in motor neurone disease. Neuropsychologia 1996; 34: 377-85.
    • (1996) Neuropsychologia , vol.34 , pp. 377-385
    • Chari, G.1    Shaw, P.J.2    Sahgal, A.3
  • 21
    • 0003049433 scopus 로고
    • Pathology of motor system disorder
    • Leigh PN, Swash M, editors. London: Springer-Verlag
    • Chou SM. Pathology of motor system disorder. In: Leigh PN, Swash M, editors. Motor neuron disease. London: Springer-Verlag; 1995. p. 53-92.
    • (1995) Motor Neuron Disease , pp. 53-92
    • Chou, S.M.1
  • 22
    • 0035516124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From Charcot to Lou Gehrig: Deciphering selective motor neuron death in ALS
    • Review
    • Cleveland DW, Rothstein JD. From Charcot to Lou Gehrig: deciphering selective motor neuron death in ALS. [Review]. Nat Rev Neurosci 2001; 2: 806-19.
    • (2001) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 806-819
    • Cleveland, D.W.1    Rothstein, J.D.2
  • 23
    • 0035889665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide produced by non-motoneuron cells enhances rat embryonic motoneuron sensitivity to excitotoxins: Comparison in mixed neuron/glia or purified cultures
    • Comoletti D, Muzio V, Capobianco A, Ravizza T, Mennini T. Nitric oxide produced by non-motoneuron cells enhances rat embryonic motoneuron sensitivity to excitotoxins: comparison in mixed neuron/glia or purified cultures. J Neurol Sci 2001; 192: 61-9.
    • (2001) J Neurol Sci , vol.192 , pp. 61-69
    • Comoletti, D.1    Muzio, V.2    Capobianco, A.3    Ravizza, T.4    Mennini, T.5
  • 24
    • 0036501099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The density and spatial distribution of GABAergic neurons, labelled using calcium binding proteins, in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia
    • Cotter D, Landau S, Beasley C, Stevenson R, Chana G, MacMillan L, et al. The density and spatial distribution of GABAergic neurons, labelled using calcium binding proteins, in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2002; 51: 377-86.
    • (2002) Biol Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 377-386
    • Cotter, D.1    Landau, S.2    Beasley, C.3    Stevenson, R.4    Chana, G.5    MacMillan, L.6
  • 25
    • 0025239753 scopus 로고
    • Degeneration of pyramidal projection neurons in Huntington's disease cortex
    • Cudkowicz M, Kowall NW. Degeneration of pyramidal projection neurons in Huntington's disease cortex. Ann Neurol 1990; 27: 2004.
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.27 , pp. 2004
    • Cudkowicz, M.1    Kowall, N.W.2
  • 26
    • 0022650718 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological study of motor neuron disease
    • David AS, Gillham RA. Neuropsychological study of motor neuron disease. Psychosomatics 1986; 27: 441-5.
    • (1986) Psychosomatics , vol.27 , pp. 441-445
    • David, A.S.1    Gillham, R.A.2
  • 27
    • 0000450308 scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Origin and extent of the upper motor neuron lesion
    • Davison C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: origin and extent of the upper motor neuron lesion. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1941; 46: 1039-56.
    • (1941) Arch Neurol Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1039-1056
    • Davison, C.1
  • 28
    • 0031474097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Types of neurons, synaptic connections and chemical characteristics of cells immunoreactive for calbindin-D28K, parvalbumin and calretinin in the neocortex
    • Review
    • DeFelipe J. Types of neurons, synaptic connections and chemical characteristics of cells immunoreactive for calbindin-D28K, parvalbumin and calretinin in the neocortex. [Review]. J Chem Neuroanat 1997; 14: 1-19.
    • (1997) J Chem Neuroanat , vol.14 , pp. 1-19
    • DeFelipe, J.1
  • 29
    • 0028350912 scopus 로고
    • A study of SMI 32-stained pyramidal cells, parvalbumin-immunoreactive chandelier cells, and presumptive thalamocortical axons in the human temporal neocortex
    • Del Río MR, DeFelipe J. A study of SMI 32-stained pyramidal cells, parvalbumin-immunoreactive chandelier cells, and presumptive thalamocortical axons in the human temporal neocortex. J Comp Neurol 1994; 342: 389-408.
    • (1994) J Comp Neurol , vol.342 , pp. 389-408
    • Del Río, M.R.1    DeFelipe, J.2
  • 31
    • 0034959263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical electrophysiology of the upper and lower motor neuron in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Review
    • Eisen A. Clinical electrophysiology of the upper and lower motor neuron in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Review]. Semin Neurol 2001; 21: 141-54.
    • (2001) Semin Neurol , vol.21 , pp. 141-154
    • Eisen, A.1
  • 32
    • 0035856427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volumetric analysis reveals corticospinal tract degeneration and extramotor involvement in ALS
    • Ellis CM, Suckling J, Amaro E Jr, Bullmore ET, Simmons A, Williams SC, et al. Volumetric analysis reveals corticospinal tract degeneration and extramotor involvement in ALS. Neurology 2001; 57: 1571-8.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1571-1578
    • Ellis, C.M.1    Suckling, J.2    Amaro Jr., E.3    Bullmore, E.T.4    Simmons, A.5    Williams, S.C.6
  • 33
    • 0027417571 scopus 로고
    • Calbindin D-28k and parvalbumin immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex in patients with frontal lobe dementia of non-Alzheimer type associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Ferrer I, Tunon T, Serrano MT, Casas R, Alcantara S, Zujar MJ, et al. Calbindin D-28k and parvalbumin immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex in patients with frontal lobe dementia of non-Alzheimer type associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993; 56: 257-61.
    • (1993) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 257-261
    • Ferrer, I.1    Tunon, T.2    Serrano, M.T.3    Casas, R.4    Alcantara, S.5    Zujar, M.J.6
  • 34
    • 0029003729 scopus 로고
    • Hereditary spastic paraparesis with dementia, amyotrophy and peripheral neuropathy. A neuropathological study
    • Ferrer I, Olive M, Rivera R, Pou A, Narberhaus B, Ugarte A. Hereditary spastic paraparesis with dementia, amyotrophy and peripheral neuropathy. A neuropathological study. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1995; 21: 255-61.
    • (1995) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.21 , pp. 255-261
    • Ferrer, I.1    Olive, M.2    Rivera, R.3    Pou, A.4    Narberhaus, B.5    Ugarte, A.6
  • 36
    • 0028822475 scopus 로고
    • Regional deafferentation down-regulates subtypes of glutamate transporter proteins
    • Ginsberg SD, Martin LJ, Rothstein JD. Regional deafferentation down-regulates subtypes of glutamate transporter proteins. J Neurochem 1995; 65: 2800-3.
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.65 , pp. 2800-2803
    • Ginsberg, S.D.1    Martin, L.J.2    Rothstein, J.D.3
  • 37
    • 0033981257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unchanged total number of neurons in motor cortex and neocortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A stereological study
    • Gredal O, Pakkenberg H, Karlsborg M, Pakkenberg B. Unchanged total number of neurons in motor cortex and neocortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a stereological study. J Neurosci Methods 2000; 95: 171-6.
    • (2000) J Neurosci Methods , vol.95 , pp. 171-176
    • Gredal, O.1    Pakkenberg, H.2    Karlsborg, M.3    Pakkenberg, B.4
  • 38
    • 0034757594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of calbindin in cortical pyramidal cells with ageing; a putative protective mechanism which fails in Alzheimer's disease
    • Greene JR, Radenahmad N, Wilcock GK, Neal JW, Pearson RC. Accumulation of calbindin in cortical pyramidal cells with ageing; a putative protective mechanism which fails in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2001; 27: 339-42.
    • (2001) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.27 , pp. 339-342
    • Greene, J.R.1    Radenahmad, N.2    Wilcock, G.K.3    Neal, J.W.4    Pearson, R.C.5
  • 39
    • 0018419056 scopus 로고
    • Degeneration of the human Betz cell due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Hammer RP Jr, Tomiyasu U, Scheibel AB. Degeneration of the human Betz cell due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Exp Neurol 1979; 63: 336-46.
    • (1979) Exp Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 336-346
    • Hammer Jr., R.P.1    Tomiyasu, U.2    Scheibel, A.B.3
  • 40
    • 0031885706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lost caps in histological counting methods
    • Hedreen JC. Lost caps in histological counting methods. Anat Rec 1998; 250:366-72.
    • (1998) Anat Rec , vol.250 , pp. 366-372
    • Hedreen, J.C.1
  • 41
    • 0026530110 scopus 로고
    • Changes in Ca(2+)-binding proteins in human neurodegenerative disorders
    • Review
    • Heizmann CW, Braun K. Changes in Ca(2+)-binding proteins in human neurodegenerative disorders. [Review]. Trends Neurosci 1992; 15: 259-64.
    • (1992) Trends Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 259-264
    • Heizmann, C.W.1    Braun, K.2
  • 42
    • 0025036899 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of a vulnerable subset of pyramidal neurons in Alzheimer's disease: I. Superior frontal and inferior temporal cortex
    • Hof PR, Cox K, Morrison JH. Quantitative analysis of a vulnerable subset of pyramidal neurons in Alzheimer's disease: I. Superior frontal and inferior temporal cortex. J Comp Neurol 1990; 301: 44-54.
    • (1990) J Comp Neurol , vol.301 , pp. 44-54
    • Hof, P.R.1    Cox, K.2    Morrison, J.H.3
  • 43
    • 0028039176 scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam: Quantitative neuropathology, immunohistochemical analysis of neuronal vulnerability, and comparison with related neurodegenerative disorders
    • Hof PR, Nimchinsky EA, Buee-Scherrer V, Buee L, Nasrallah J, Hottinger AF, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam: quantitative neuropathology, immunohistochemical analysis of neuronal vulnerability, and comparison with related neurodegenerative disorders. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1994; 88: 397-404.
    • (1994) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.88 , pp. 397-404
    • Hof, P.R.1    Nimchinsky, E.A.2    Buee-Scherrer, V.3    Buee, L.4    Nasrallah, J.5    Hottinger, A.F.6
  • 44
    • 0029849966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurofilament protein is differentially distributed in subpopulations of corticocortical projection neurons in the macaque monkey visual pathways
    • Hof PR, Ungerleider LG, Webster MJ, Gattass R, Adams MM, Sailstad CA, et al. Neurofilament protein is differentially distributed in subpopulations of corticocortical projection neurons in the macaque monkey visual pathways. J Comp Neurol 1996; 376: 112-27.
    • (1996) J Comp Neurol , vol.376 , pp. 112-127
    • Hof, P.R.1    Ungerleider, L.G.2    Webster, M.J.3    Gattass, R.4    Adams, M.M.5    Sailstad, C.A.6
  • 45
    • 0037154761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes in GluR2 and NMDARI glutamate receptor subunit protein immunoreactivity in corticocortically projecting neurons in macaque and patas monkeys
    • Hof PR, Duan H, Page TL, Einstein M, Wicinski B, He Y, et al. Age-related changes in GluR2 and NMDARI glutamate receptor subunit protein immunoreactivity in corticocortically projecting neurons in macaque and patas monkeys. Brain Res 2002; 928: 175-86.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.928 , pp. 175-186
    • Hof, P.R.1    Duan, H.2    Page, T.L.3    Einstein, M.4    Wicinski, B.5    He, Y.6
  • 46
    • 0020392210 scopus 로고
    • Pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Hughes JT. Pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv Neurol 1982; 36: 61-74.
    • (1982) Adv Neurol , vol.36 , pp. 61-74
    • Hughes, J.T.1
  • 48
    • 0029792449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a mutation in exon 4 of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene: Pathological and immunocytochemical changes
    • Review
    • Ince PG, Shaw PJ, Slade JY, Jones C, Hudgson P. Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a mutation in exon 4 of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene: pathological and immunocytochemical changes. [Review]. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1996; 92: 395-403.
    • (1996) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.92 , pp. 395-403
    • Ince, P.G.1    Shaw, P.J.2    Slade, J.Y.3    Jones, C.4    Hudgson, P.5
  • 49
    • 0031924749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Current issues in classification, pathogenesis and molecular pathology
    • Review
    • Ince PG, Lowe J, Shaw PJ. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: current issues in classification, pathogenesis and molecular pathology. [Review]. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1998; 24: 104-17.
    • (1998) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.24 , pp. 104-117
    • Ince, P.G.1    Lowe, J.2    Shaw, P.J.3
  • 50
    • 0030512464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor neurone disease - Inclusion dementia
    • Jackson M, Lennox G, Lowe J. Motor neurone disease-inclusion dementia. Neurodegeneration 1996; 5: 339-350.
    • (1996) Neurodegeneration , vol.5 , pp. 339-350
    • Jackson, M.1    Lennox, G.2    Lowe, J.3
  • 51
    • 0026949406 scopus 로고
    • Dementia with motor neuron disease
    • Rossor M, editor. London: Baillière Tindall
    • Kew JJM, Leigh PN. Dementia with motor neuron disease. In: Rossor M, editor. Unusual Dementias. Baillière's clinical neurology, Vol. 1, No. 3. London: Baillière Tindall; 1992. pp. 611-26.
    • (1992) Unusual Dementias. Baillière's Clinical Neurology , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 611-626
    • Kew, J.J.M.1    Leigh, P.N.2
  • 52
    • 0027764618 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between abnormalities of cognitive function and cerebral activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A neuropsychological and positron emission tomography study
    • Kew JJ, Goldstein LH, Leigh PN, Abrahams S, Cosgrave N, Passingham RE, et al. The relationship between abnormalities of cognitive function and cerebral activation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A neuropsychological and positron emission tomography study. Brain 1993a; 116: 1399-423.
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 1399-1423
    • Kew, J.J.1    Goldstein, L.H.2    Leigh, P.N.3    Abrahams, S.4    Cosgrave, N.5    Passingham, R.E.6
  • 54
    • 0025727137 scopus 로고
    • Changes in sizes of cortical and lower motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kiernan JA, Hudson AJ. Changes in sizes of cortical and lower motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 1991; 114: 843-53.
    • (1991) Brain , vol.114 , pp. 843-853
    • Kiernan, J.A.1    Hudson, A.J.2
  • 55
    • 0027515946 scopus 로고
    • Changes in shapes of surviving motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kiernan JA, Hudson AJ. Changes in shapes of surviving motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 1993; 116: 203-15.
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 203-215
    • Kiernan, J.A.1    Hudson, A.J.2
  • 56
    • 0033404848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical gradients along monkey sensory cortical pathways: Calbindin-immunoreactive pyramidal neurons in layers II and III
    • Kondo H, Tanaka K, Hashikawa T, Jones EG. Neurochemical gradients along monkey sensory cortical pathways: calbindin-immunoreactive pyramidal neurons in layers II and III. Eur J Neurosci 1999; 11: 4197-203.
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 4197-4203
    • Kondo, H.1    Tanaka, K.2    Hashikawa, T.3    Jones, E.G.4
  • 57
    • 0001624706 scopus 로고
    • The human pyramidal tract: 11. A numerical investigation of the Betz cells of the motor area
    • Lassek AM. The human pyramidal tract: 11. A numerical investigation of the Betz cells of the motor area. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1940; 44: 718-24.
    • (1940) Arch Neurol Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 718-724
    • Lassek, A.M.1
  • 58
    • 0029732866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxicity in ALS
    • Review
    • Leigh PN, Meldrum BS. Excitotoxicity in ALS. [Review]. Neurology 1996; 47 (6 Suppl 4): S221-7.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , Issue.6 SUPPL. 4
    • Leigh, P.N.1    Meldrum, B.S.2
  • 60
    • 0033765916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extramotor involvement in ALS: PET studies with the GABA(A) ligand [(11)C]flumazenil
    • Lloyd CM, Richardson MP, Brooks DJ, Al-Chalabi A, Leigh PN. Extramotor involvement in ALS: PET studies with the GABA(A) ligand [(11)C]flumazenil. Brain 2000; 123: 2289-96.
    • (2000) Brain , vol.123 , pp. 2289-2296
    • Lloyd, C.M.1    Richardson, M.P.2    Brooks, D.J.3    Al-Chalabi, A.4    Leigh, P.N.5
  • 62
    • 0026515287 scopus 로고
    • Frontal lobe function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A neuropsychologic and positron emission tomography study
    • Ludolph AC, Langen KJ, Regard M, Herzog H, Kemper B, Kuwert T, et al. Frontal lobe function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a neuropsychologic and positron emission tomography study. Acta Neurol Scand 1992; 85: 81-9.
    • (1992) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.85 , pp. 81-89
    • Ludolph, A.C.1    Langen, K.J.2    Regard, M.3    Herzog, H.4    Kemper, B.5    Kuwert, T.6
  • 63
    • 0031446053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significant loss of pyramidal neurons in the angular gyrus of patients with Huntington's disease
    • Macdonald V, Halliday GM, Trent RJ, McCusker EA. Significant loss of pyramidal neurons in the angular gyrus of patients with Huntington's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1997; 23: 492-5.
    • (1997) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.23 , pp. 492-495
    • Macdonald, V.1    Halliday, G.M.2    Trent, R.J.3    McCusker, E.A.4
  • 64
    • 0035105962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate transporters in neurologic disease
    • Review
    • Maragakis NJ, Rothstein JD. Glutamate transporters in neurologic disease. [Review]. Arch Neurol 2001; 58: 365-70.
    • (2001) Arch Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 365-370
    • Maragakis, N.J.1    Rothstein, J.D.2
  • 66
    • 0025802849 scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of a neurofilament protein epitope in acetylcholinesterase-rich neurons of human cerebral neocortex
    • Mesulam M, Geula C. Differential distribution of a neurofilament protein epitope in acetylcholinesterase-rich neurons of human cerebral neocortex. Brain Res 1991; 544: 169-73.
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.544 , pp. 169-173
    • Mesulam, M.1    Geula, C.2
  • 67
    • 0023278930 scopus 로고
    • A monoclonal antibody to non-phosphorylated neurofilament protein marks the vulnerable cortical neurons in Alzheimer's disease
    • Morrison JH, Lewis DA, Campbell MJ, Huntley GW, Benson DL, Bouras C. A monoclonal antibody to non-phosphorylated neurofilament protein marks the vulnerable cortical neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 1987; 416: 331-6.
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.416 , pp. 331-336
    • Morrison, J.H.1    Lewis, D.A.2    Campbell, M.J.3    Huntley, G.W.4    Benson, D.L.5    Bouras, C.6
  • 68
    • 0023738527 scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments in anterior horn motoneurons of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
    • Munoz DG, Greene C, Perl DP, Selkoe DJ. Accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments in anterior horn motoneurons of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1988; 47: 9-18.
    • (1988) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 9-18
    • Munoz, D.G.1    Greene, C.2    Perl, D.P.3    Selkoe, D.J.4
  • 69
    • 0024990420 scopus 로고
    • Motor neuron disease: Quantitative morphological and microdensitophotometric studies of neurons of anterior horn and ventral root of cervical spinal cord with special reference to the pathogenesis
    • Murakami T. Motor neuron disease: quantitative morphological and microdensitophotometric studies of neurons of anterior horn and ventral root of cervical spinal cord with special reference to the pathogenesis. J Neurol Sci 1990; 99: 101-15.
    • (1990) J Neurol Sci , vol.99 , pp. 101-115
    • Murakami, T.1
  • 70
    • 0026505155 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies of upper motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Murayama S, Bouldin TW, Suzuki K. Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies of upper motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1992; 83: 518-24.
    • (1992) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.83 , pp. 518-524
    • Murayama, S.1    Bouldin, T.W.2    Suzuki, K.3
  • 71
    • 0034030313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia)
    • Review
    • Nakano I. Frontotemporal dementia with motor neuron disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia). [Review]. Neuropathology 2000; 20: 68-75.
    • (2000) Neuropathology , vol.20 , pp. 68-75
    • Nakano, I.1
  • 72
    • 0005583586 scopus 로고
    • Degeneration of non pyramidal local circuit neurons in the motor cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
    • Nihei K, McKee AC, Kowall NW. Degeneration of non pyramidal local circuit neurons in the motor cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients [abstract]. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1992; 51: 322.
    • (1992) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.51 , pp. 322
    • Nihei, K.1    McKee, A.C.2    Kowall, N.W.3
  • 73
    • 0027213817 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of neuronal degeneration in the motor cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
    • Nihei K, McKee AC, Kowall NW. Patterns of neuronal degeneration in the motor cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1993; 86: 55-64
    • (1993) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.86 , pp. 55-64
    • Nihei, K.1    McKee, A.C.2    Kowall, N.W.3
  • 74
    • 84981771865 scopus 로고
    • Some comments on the pyramidal tract, with special reference to its individual variations in man
    • Nyberg-Hansen R, Rinvik E. Some comments on the pyramidal tract, with special reference to its individual variations in man. Acta Neurol Scand 1963; 39: 1-30.
    • (1963) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.39 , pp. 1-30
    • Nyberg-Hansen, R.1    Rinvik, E.2
  • 75
    • 0026756463 scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin-positive intraneuronal inclusions in the extramotor cortices of presenile dementia patients with motor neuron disease
    • Okamoto K, Murakami N, Kusaka H, Yoshida M, Hashizume Y, Nakazato Y, et al. Ubiquitin-positive intraneuronal inclusions in the extramotor cortices of presenile dementia patients with motor neuron disease. J Neurol 1992; 239: 426-30.
    • (1992) J Neurol , vol.239 , pp. 426-430
    • Okamoto, K.1    Murakami, N.2    Kusaka, H.3    Yoshida, M.4    Hashizume, Y.5    Nakazato, Y.6
  • 76
    • 0032967643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: Comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis in the human and the macaque brain and corticocortical connection patterns
    • Petrides M, Pandya DN. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis in the human and the macaque brain and corticocortical connection patterns. Eur J Neurosci 1999; 11: 1011-36
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1011-1036
    • Petrides, M.1    Pandya, D.N.2
  • 77
    • 0029441620 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Review
    • Rothstein JD. Excitotoxic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Review]. Adv Neurol 1995; 68: 7-20.
    • (1995) Adv Neurol , vol.68 , pp. 7-20
    • Rothstein, J.D.1
  • 78
    • 0029847118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxicity hypothesis
    • Review
    • Rothstein JD. Excitotoxicity hypothesis. [Review]. Neurology 1996; 47 (4 Suppl 2): S19-25.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , Issue.4 SUPPL. 2
    • Rothstein, J.D.1
  • 79
    • 0034615835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective vulnerability of spinal cord motor neurons to non-NMDA toxicity
    • Saroff D, Delfs J, Kuznetsov D, Geula C. Selective vulnerability of spinal cord motor neurons to non-NMDA toxicity. Neuroreport 2000; 11: 1117-21.
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11 , pp. 1117-1121
    • Saroff, D.1    Delfs, J.2    Kuznetsov, D.3    Geula, C.4
  • 80
    • 0028244874 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies of the motor cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Sasaki S, Maruyama S. Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies of the motor cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1994; 87: 578-85.
    • (1994) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.87 , pp. 578-585
    • Sasaki, S.1    Maruyama, S.2
  • 81
    • 0028048374 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxicity and motor neurone disease: A review of the evidence
    • Review
    • Shaw PJ. Excitotoxicity and motor neurone disease: a review of the evidence. [Review]. J Neurol Sci 1994; 124 Suppl: 6-13.
    • (1994) J Neurol Sci , vol.124 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 6-13
    • Shaw, P.J.1
  • 82
    • 0030927075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate, excitotoxicity and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Review
    • Shaw PJ, Ince PG. Glutamate, excitotoxicity and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [Review]. J Neurol 1997; 244 (Suppl 2): S3-14.
    • (1997) J Neurol , vol.244 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Shaw, P.J.1    Ince, P.G.2
  • 83
    • 0032733267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole does not have an acute effect on motor thresholds and the intracortical excitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Sommer M, Tergau F, Wischer S, Reimers CD, Beuche W, Paulus W. Riluzole does not have an acute effect on motor thresholds and the intracortical excitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol 1999: 246 Suppl 3: I1122-6.
    • (1999) J Neurol , vol.246 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Sommer, M.1    Tergau, F.2    Wischer, S.3    Reimers, C.D.4    Beuche, W.5    Paulus, W.6
  • 84
    • 0035074328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of riluzole on cortical excitability in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Stefan K, Kunesch E, Benecke R, Classen J. Effects of riluzole on cortical excitability in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001; 49: 536-9.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 536-539
    • Stefan, K.1    Kunesch, E.2    Benecke, R.3    Classen, J.4
  • 87
    • 0026452101 scopus 로고
    • Neurofilament and glial alterations in the cerebral cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Troost D, Sillevis Smitt PA, de Jong JM, Swaab DF. Neurofilament and glial alterations in the cerebral cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1992; 84: 664-73.
    • (1992) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.84 , pp. 664-673
    • Troost, D.1    Sillevis Smitt, P.A.2    De Jong, J.M.3    Swaab, D.F.4
  • 88
    • 0342657086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor neurons are rich in non-phosphorylated neurofilaments: Cross-species comparison and alterations in ALS
    • Tsang YM, Chiong F, Kuznetsov D, Kasarskis E, Geula C. Motor neurons are rich in non-phosphorylated neurofilaments: cross-species comparison and alterations in ALS. Brain Res 2000; 861: 45-58.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.861 , pp. 45-58
    • Tsang, Y.M.1    Chiong, F.2    Kuznetsov, D.3    Kasarskis, E.4    Geula, C.5
  • 89
    • 0022475094 scopus 로고
    • Degeneration of Betz cells in motor neuron disease. A Golgi study
    • Udaka F, Kameyama M, Tomonaga M. Degeneration of Betz cells in motor neuron disease. A Golgi study. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1986; 70: 289-95.
    • (1986) Acta Neuropathol (Berl) , vol.70 , pp. 289-295
    • Udaka, F.1    Kameyama, M.2    Tomonaga, M.3
  • 90
    • 0031795392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of selective motor neuronal death after exposure of spinal cord to glutamate: Involvement of glutamate-induced nitric oxide in motor neuron toxicity and nonmotor neuron protection
    • Urushitani M, Shimohama S, Kihara T, Sawada H, Akaike A, Ibi M, et al. Mechanism of selective motor neuronal death after exposure of spinal cord to glutamate: involvement of glutamate-induced nitric oxide in motor neuron toxicity and nonmotor neuron protection. Ann Neurol 1998; 44: 796-807.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.44 , pp. 796-807
    • Urushitani, M.1    Shimohama, S.2    Kihara, T.3    Sawada, H.4    Akaike, A.5    Ibi, M.6
  • 91
    • 0033993642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMPA receptor calcium permeability, GluR2 expression, and selective motoneuron vulnerability
    • Vandenberghe W, Robberecht W, Brorson JR. AMPA receptor calcium permeability, GluR2 expression, and selective motoneuron vulnerability. J Neurosci 2000a; 20: 123-32.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 123-132
    • Vandenberghe, W.1    Robberecht, W.2    Brorson, J.R.3
  • 92
    • 0034307730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMPA receptor current density, not desensitization, predicts selective motoneuron vulnerability
    • Vandenberghe W, Ihle EC, Patneau DK, Robberecht W, Brorson JR. AMPA receptor current density, not desensitization, predicts selective motoneuron vulnerability. J Neurosci 2000b; 20: 7158-66.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 7158-7166
    • Vandenberghe, W.1    Ihle, E.C.2    Patneau, D.K.3    Robberecht, W.4    Brorson, J.R.5
  • 94
    • 0029093275 scopus 로고
    • Human cingulate cortex: Surface features, flat maps, and cytoarchitecture
    • Vogt BA, Nimchinsky EA, Vogt LJ, Hof PR. Human cingulate cortex: surface features, flat maps, and cytoarchitecture. J Comp Neurol 1995; 359: 490-506.
    • (1995) J Comp Neurol , vol.359 , pp. 490-506
    • Vogt, B.A.1    Nimchinsky, E.A.2    Vogt, L.J.3    Hof, P.R.4
  • 95
    • 0026691337 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal and neocortical ubiquitin-immunoreactive inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia
    • Wightman G, Anderson VE, Martin J, Swash M, Anderton BH, Neary D, et al. Hippocampal and neocortical ubiquitin-immunoreactive inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia. Neurosci Lett 1992; 139: 269-74.
    • (1992) Neurosci Lett , vol.139 , pp. 269-274
    • Wightman, G.1    Anderson, V.E.2    Martin, J.3    Swash, M.4    Anderton, B.H.5    Neary, D.6
  • 96
    • 0019862606 scopus 로고
    • Decreased glutamate uptake in subcortical areas deafferented by sensorimotor cortical ablation in the cat
    • Young AB, Bromberg MB, Penney JB Jr. Decreased glutamate uptake in subcortical areas deafferented by sensorimotor cortical ablation in the cat. J Neurosci 1981; 1: 241-9.
    • (1981) J Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 241-249
    • Young, A.B.1    Bromberg, M.B.2    Penney Jr., J.B.3
  • 97
    • 0036848084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different mechanisms contribute to motor cortex hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Zanette G, Tamburin S, Manganotti P, Refatti N, Forgione A, Rizzuto N. Different mechanisms contribute to motor cortex hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2002a; 113: 1688-97.
    • (2002) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.113 , pp. 1688-1697
    • Zanette, G.1    Tamburin, S.2    Manganotti, P.3    Refatti, N.4    Forgione, A.5    Rizzuto, N.6
  • 98
    • 0345270007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in motor cortex inhibition over time in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Zanette G, Tamburin S, Manganotti P, Refatti N, Forgione A, Rizzuto N. Changes in motor cortex inhibition over time in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol 2002b; 249: 1723-8.
    • (2002) J Neurol , vol.249 , pp. 1723-1728
    • Zanette, G.1    Tamburin, S.2    Manganotti, P.3    Refatti, N.4    Forgione, A.5    Rizzuto, N.6
  • 99
    • 0028322102 scopus 로고
    • Excitatory amino acids, free radicals and the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease
    • Review
    • Zeman S, Lloyd C, Meldrum B, Leigh PN. Excitatory amino acids, free radicals and the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease. [Review]. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1994; 20: 219-31.
    • (1994) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.20 , pp. 219-231
    • Zeman, S.1    Lloyd, C.2    Meldrum, B.3    Leigh, P.N.4
  • 100
    • 0030695278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired motor cortex inhibition in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Evidence from paired transcranial magnetic stimulation
    • Ziemann U, Winter M, Reimers CD, Reimers K, Tergau F, Paulus W. Impaired motor cortex inhibition in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Evidence from paired transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology 1997; 49: 1292-8.
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.49 , pp. 1292-1298
    • Ziemann, U.1    Winter, M.2    Reimers, C.D.3    Reimers, K.4    Tergau, F.5    Paulus, W.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.