P-TEFb is not an essential elongation factor for the intronless human U2 snRNA and histone H2b genes

EMBO Journal

Volumn 24, Issue 23, 2005, Pages 4154-4165

  Medlin, Joanne ^a   Scurry, Andrew ^a   Taylor, Alice ^a   Zhang, Fan ^b,c   Peterlin, B Matija ^b   Murphy, Shona ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

H2b; P TEFb; Processing; Transcription; U2

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 9; ELONGATION FACTOR; HISTONE; SMALL NUCLEAR RNA;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; GENE REPLICATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INTRON; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; RNA PROCESSING; RNA TRANSCRIPTION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 9; DNA POLYMERASE II; ENZYME INHIBITORS; HISTONES; HUMANS; INTRONS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUTATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; POSITIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ELONGATION FACTOR B; PROTEIN KINASES; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; RNA PRECURSORS; RNA, SMALL NUCLEAR; SERINE;

MAMMALIA;

EID: 28644451014     PISSN: 02614189     EISSN: 14602075     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600876     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Ahn SH, Kim M, Buratowski S (2004) Phosphorylation of serine 2 within the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain couples transcription and 3′ end processing. Mol Cell 13: 67-76
2. Barilla D, Lee BA, Proudfoot NJ (2001) Cleavage/polyadenylation factor IA associates with the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 445-450
3. Bird G, Zorio DA, Bentley DL (2004) RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain phosphorylation is required for cotranscriptional pre-mRNA splicing and 3′-end formation. Mol Cell Biol 24: 8963-8969
4. Boyd KE, Wells J, Gutman J, Bartley SM, Farnham PJ (1998) c-Myc target gene specificity is determined by a post-DNA binding mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 13887-13892
5. Chao SH, Price DH (2001) Flavopiridol inactivates P-TEFb and blocks most RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo. J Biol Chem 276: 31793-31799
6. Chiu YL, Cao H, Jacque JM, Stevenson M, Rana TM (2004) Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by RNA interference directed against human transcription elongation factor P-TEFb (CDK9/CyclinT1). J Virol 78: 2517-2529
7. Chodosh LA, Fire A, Samuels M, Sharp PA (1989) 5,6-Dichloro-1-beta-D- ribofuranosylbenzimidazole inhibits transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II in vitro. J Biol Chem 264: 2250-2257
8. Collart D, Romain PL, Huebner K, Pockwinse S, Pilapil S, Cannizzaro LA, Lian JB, Croce CM, Stein JL, Stein GS (1992) A human histone H2B.1 variant gene, located on chromosome 1, utilizes alternative 3′ end processing. J Cell Biochem 50: 374-385
9. Edwards MC, Wong C, Elledge SJ (1998) Cyclin K, a novel RNA polymerase II-associated cyclin possessing both carboxy-terminal domain kinase and Cdk-activating kinase activity. Mol Cell Biol 18: 4291-4300
10. Fong N, Bentley DL (2001) Capping, splicing, and 3′ processing are independently stimulated by RNA polymerase II: different functions for different segments of the CTD. Genes Dev 15: 1783-1795
11. Fong YW, Zhou Q (2001) Stimulatory effect of splicing factors on transcriptional elongation. Nature 414: 929-933
12. Fujinaga K, Irwin D, Huang Y, Taube R, Kurosu T, Peterlin BM (2004) Dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus transcription: P-TEFb phosphorylates RD and dissociates negative effectors from the transactivation response element. Mol Cell Biol 24: 787-795
13. Furger A, O'Sullivan JM, Binnie A, Lee BA, Proudfoot NJ (2002) Promoter proximal splice sites enhance transcription. Genes Dev 16: 2792-2799
14. Fu TJ, Peng J, Lee G, Price DH, Flores O (1999) Cyclin K functions as a CDK9 regulatory subunit and participates in RNA polymerase II transcription. J Biol Chem 274: 34527-34530
15. Garriga J, Grana X (2004) Cellular control of gene expression by T-type cyclin/CDK9 complexes. Gene 337: 15-23
16. Garriga J, Mayol X, Grana X (1996) The CDC2-related kinase PITALRE is the catalytic subunit of active multimeric protein complexes. Biochem J 319: 293-298
17. Hernandez N, Weiner AM (1986) Formation of the 3′ end of U1 snRNA requires compatible snRNA promoter elements. Cell 47: 249-258
18. Hirose Y, Manley JL (1998) RNA polymerase II is an essential mRNA polyadenylation factor. Nature 395: 93-96
19. Hirose Y, Tacke R, Manley JL (1999) Phosphorylated RNA polymerase II stimulates pre-mRNA splicing. Genes Dev 13: 1234-1239
20. Ho CK, Shuman S (1999) Distinct roles for CTD Ser-2 and Ser-5 phosphorylation in the recruitment and allosteric activation of mammalian mRNA capping enzyme. Mol Cell 3: 405-411
21. Ivanov D, Kwak YT, Guo J, Gaynor RB (2000) Domains in the SPT5 protein that modulate its transcriptional regulatory properties. Mol Cell Biol 20: 2970-2983
22. Jacobs EY, Ogiwara I, Weiner AM (2004) Role of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II in U2 snRNA transcription and 3′ processing. Mol Cell Biol 24: 846-855
23. Jang MK, Mochizuki K, Zhou M, Jeong HS, Brady JN, Ozato K (2005) The bromodomain protein Brd4 is a positive regulatory component of P-TEFb and stimulates RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. Mol Cell 19: 523-534
24. Keogh MC, Podolny V, Buratowski S (2003) Bur1 kinase is required for efficient transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. Mol Cell Biol 23: 7005-7018
25. Kim Y-K, Bourgeois CF, Isel C, Churcher MJ, Karn J (2002) Phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain by CDK9 is directly responsible for human immmunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat-activated transcriptional elongation. Mol Cell Biol 22: 4622-4637
26. Licatalosi DD, Geiger G, Minet M, Schroeder S, Cilli K, McNeil JB, Bentley DL (2002) Functional interaction of yeast pre-mRNA 3′ end processing factors with RNA polymerase II. Mol Cell 9: 1101-1111
27. Mancebo HS, Lee G, Flygare J, Tomassini J, Luu P, Zhu Y, Peng J, Blau C, Hazuda D, Price D, Flores O (1997) P-TEFb kinase is required for HIV Tat transcriptional activation in vivo and in vitro. Genes Dev 11: 2633-2644
28. Marzluff WF, Duronio RJ (2002) Histone mRNA expression: multiple levels of cell cycle regulation and important developmental consequences. Curr Opin Cell Biol 14: 692-699
29. McCracken S, Fong N, Yankulov K, Ballantyne S, Pan G, Greenblatt J, Patterson SD, Wickens M, Bentley DL (1997) The C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II couples mRNA processing to transcription. Nature 385: 357-361
30. Medlin J, Uguen P, Taylor A, Bentley DL, Murphy S (2003) The C-terminal domain of pol II and a DRB-sensitive kinase are required for 3′ processing of U2 snRNA. EMBO J 22: 925-934
31. Napolitano G, Licciardo P, Carbone R, Majello B, Lania L (2002) CDK9 has the intrinsic property to shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm, and enhanced expression of cyclin T1 promotes its nuclear localization. J Cell Physiol 192: 209-215
32. Neuman de Vegvar HE, Lund E, Dahlberg JE (1986) 3′ end formation of U1 snRNA precursors is coupled to transcription from snRNA promoters. Cell 47: 259-266
33. Ni Z, Schwartz BE, Werner J, Suarez JR, Lis JT (2004) Coordination of transcription, RNA processing, and surveillance by P-TEFb kinase on heat shock genes. Mol Cell 13: 55-65
34. Peng J, Zhu Y, Milton JT, Price DH (1998) Identification of multiple cyclin subunits of human P-TEFb. Genes Dev 12: 755-762
35. Pilch DR, Marzluff WF (1991) Expression of histone-U1 snRNA chimeric genes: U1 promoters are compatible with histone 3′ end formation. Gene Exp 1: 41-53
36. Ping YH, Rana TM (2001) DSIF and NELF interact with RNA polymerase II elongation complex and HIV-1 Tat stimulates P-TEFb-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and DSIF during transcription elongation. J Biol Chem 276: 12951-12958
37. Price DH (2000) P-TEFb, a cyclin-dependent kinase controlling elongation by RNA polymerase II. Mol Cell Biol 20: 2629-2634
38. Renner DB, Yamaguchi Y, Wada T, Handa H, Price DH (2001) A highly purified RNA polymerase II elongation control system. J Biol Chem 276: 42601-42609
39. Sano M, Wang SC, Shirai M, Scaglia F, Xie M, Sakai S, Tanaka T, Kulkarni PA, Barger PM, Youker KA, Taffet GE, Hamamori Y, Michael LH, Craigen WJ, Schneider MD (2004) Activation of cardiac Cdk9 represses PGC-1 and confers a predisposition to heart failure. EMBO J 23: 3559-3569
40. Schang LM (2002) Cyclin-dependent kinases as cellular targets for antiviral drugs. J Antimicrob Chemother 50: 779-792
41. Taube R, Lin X, Irwin D, Fujinaga K, Peterlin BM (2002) Interaction between P-TEFb and the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II activates transcriptional elongation from sites upstream or down-stream of target genes. Mol Cell Biol 22: 321-331
42. Trigon S, Serizawa H, Conaway JW, Conaway RC, Jackson SP, Morange M (1998) Characterization of the residues phosphorylated in vitro by different C-terminal domain kinases. J Biol Chem 273: 6769-6775
43. Uguen P, Murphy S (2003) The 3′ ends of vertebrate pre-snRNAs are produced by RNA polymerase II CTD-dependent RNA processing. EMBO J 22: 4544-4554
44. Wada T, Takagi T, Yamaguchi Y, Watanabe D, Handa H (1998) Evidence that P-TEFb alleviates the negative effect of DSIF on RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription in vitro. EMBO J 17: 7395-7403
45. West ML, Corden JL (1995) Construction and analysis of yeast RNA polymerase II CTD deletion and substitution mutations. Genetics 140: 1223-1233
46. Yamaguchi Y, Takagi T, Wada T, Yano K, Furuya A, Sugimoto S, Hasegawa J, Handa H (1999) NELF, a multisubunit complex containing RD, cooperates with DSIF to repress RNA polymerase II elongation. Cell 97: 41-51
47. Yang Z, Yik JH, Chen R, He N, Jang MK, Ozato K, Zhou Q (2005) Recruitment of P-TEFb for stimulation of transcriptional elongation by the bromodomain protein Brd4. Mol Cell 19: 535-545
48. Zhang F, Barboric M, Blackwell TK, Peterlin BM (2003) A model of repression: CTD analogs and PIE-1 inhibit transcriptional elongation by P-TEFb. Genes Dev 17: 748-758
49. Zhong R, Roeder RG, Heintz N (1983) The primary structure and expression of four cloned human histone genes. Nucleic Acids Res 11: 7409-7425
50. Zorio DA, Bentley DL (2004) The link between mRNA processing and transcription: communication works both ways. Exp Cell Res 296: 91-97