메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 1279-1288

Roles of AUF1 isoforms, HuR and BRF1 in ARE-dependent mRNA turnover studied by RNA interference

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN D; ISOPROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDE; PROTEIN P40; RNA BINDING PROTEIN; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; BUTYRATE RESPONSE FACTOR 1; DNA BINDING PROTEIN; ELAV-LIKE PROTEIN 1; HNRNP D0; HUR PROTEIN; IMMEDIATE EARLY PROTEIN; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; ZFP36L1 PROTEIN, HUMAN;

EID: 2542596992     PISSN: 03051048     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkh282     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (165)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0029988881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of messenger RNA stability in higher eukaryotes
    • Ross,J. (1996) Control of messenger RNA stability in higher eukaryotes. Trends Genet., 12, 171-175.
    • (1996) Trends Genet. , vol.12 , pp. 171-175
    • Ross, J.1
  • 2
    • 0035819859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of mRNA stability in mammalian cells
    • Guhaniyogi,J. and Brewer,G. (2001) Regulation of mRNA stability in mammalian cells. Gene, 265, 11-23.
    • (2001) Gene , vol.265 , pp. 11-23
    • Guhaniyogi, J.1    Brewer, G.2
  • 4
    • 0023058975 scopus 로고
    • A conserved AU sequence from the 3′ untranslated region of GM-CSF mRNA mediates selective mRNA degradation
    • Shaw,G. and Kamen,R. (1986) A conserved AU sequence from the 3′ untranslated region of GM-CSF mRNA mediates selective mRNA degradation. Cell, 46, 659-667.
    • (1986) Cell , vol.46 , pp. 659-667
    • Shaw, G.1    Kamen, R.2
  • 5
    • 0028788194 scopus 로고
    • AU-rich elements: Characterization and importance in mRNA degradation
    • Chen,C.Y. and Shyu,A.B. (1995) AU-rich elements: characterization and importance in mRNA degradation. Trends Biochem. Sci., 20, 465-470.
    • (1995) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 465-470
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Shyu, A.B.2
  • 6
    • 0026027749 scopus 로고
    • Two distinct destabilizing elements in the c-fos message trigger deadenylation as a first step in rapid mRNA decay
    • Shyu,A.B., Belasco,J.G. and Greenberg,M.E. (1991) Two distinct destabilizing elements in the c-fos message trigger deadenylation as a first step in rapid mRNA decay. Genes Dev., 5, 221-231.
    • (1991) Genes Dev. , vol.5 , pp. 221-231
    • Shyu, A.B.1    Belasco, J.G.2    Greenberg, M.E.3
  • 8
    • 0037080834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mammalian exosome mediates the efficient degradation of mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements
    • Mukherjee,D., Gao,M., O'Connor,J.P., Raijmakers,R., Pruijn,G., Lutz,C.S. and Wilusz,J. (2002) The mammalian exosome mediates the efficient degradation of mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements. EMBO J., 21, 165-174.
    • (2002) EMBO J. , vol.21 , pp. 165-174
    • Mukherjee, D.1    Gao, M.2    O'Connor, J.P.3    Raijmakers, R.4    Pruijn, G.5    Lutz, C.S.6    Wilusz, J.7
  • 9
    • 0027530449 scopus 로고
    • Redundant cyclin overexpression and gene amplification in breast cancer cells
    • Keyomarsi,K. and Pardee,A.B. (1993) Redundant cyclin overexpression and gene amplification in breast cancer cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 1112-1116.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 1112-1116
    • Keyomarsi, K.1    Pardee, A.B.2
  • 12
    • 0028357909 scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporin A inhibits growth of autocrine tumour cell lines by destabilizing interleukin-3 mRNA
    • Nair,A.P., Hahn,S., Banholzer,R., Hirsch,H.H. and Moroni,C. (1994) Cyclosporin A inhibits growth of autocrine tumour cell lines by destabilizing interleukin-3 mRNA. Nature, 369, 239-242.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.369 , pp. 239-242
    • Nair, A.P.1    Hahn, S.2    Banholzer, R.3    Hirsch, H.H.4    Moroni, C.5
  • 13
    • 0030584791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of TNF-alpha gene reveals a regulatory role for the 3′-untranslated region in the genetic predisposition to lupus-like autoimmune disease
    • Jacob,C.O., Lee,S.K. and Strassmann,G. (1996) Mutational analysis of TNF-alpha gene reveals a regulatory role for the 3′-untranslated region in the genetic predisposition to lupus-like autoimmune disease. J. Immunol., 156, 3043-3050.
    • (1996) J. Immunol. , vol.156 , pp. 3043-3050
    • Jacob, C.O.1    Lee, S.K.2    Strassmann, G.3
  • 14
    • 0033103805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired on/off regulation of TNF biosynthesis in mice lacking TNF AU-rich elements: Implications for joint and gut-associated immunopathologies
    • Kontoyiannis,D., Pasparakis,M., Pizarro,T.T., Cominelli,F. and Kollias,G. (1999) Impaired on/off regulation of TNF biosynthesis in mice lacking TNF AU-rich elements: implications for joint and gut-associated immunopathologies. Immunity, 10, 387-398.
    • (1999) Immunity , vol.10 , pp. 387-398
    • Kontoyiannis, D.1    Pasparakis, M.2    Pizarro, T.T.3    Cominelli, F.4    Kollias, G.5
  • 15
    • 0032526417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA stabilization by the AU-rich element binding protein, HuR, an,ELAV protein
    • Peng,S.S., Chen,C.Y., Xu,N. and Shyu,A.B. (1998) RNA stabilization by the AU-rich element binding protein, HuR, an,ELAV protein. EMBO J., 17, 3461-3470.
    • (1998) EMBO J. , vol.17 , pp. 3461-3470
    • Peng, S.S.1    Chen, C.Y.2    Xu, N.3    Shyu, A.B.4
  • 16
    • 0032526427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of HuR, a ruclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein, increases the in vivo stability of ARE-containing mRNAs
    • Fan,X.C. and Steitz,J.A. (1998) Overexpression of HuR, a ruclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein, increases the in vivo stability of ARE-containing mRNAs. EMBO J., 17, 3448-3460.
    • (1998) EMBO J. , vol.17 , pp. 3448-3460
    • Fan, X.C.1    Steitz, J.A.2
  • 18
    • 0032516626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feedback inhibition of macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by tristetraprolin
    • Carballo,E., Lai,W.S. and Blackshear,P.J. (1998) Feedback inhibition of macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by tristetraprolin. Science, 281, 1001-1005.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1001-1005
    • Carballo, E.1    Lai, W.S.2    Blackshear, P.J.3
  • 19
    • 0033049125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that tristetraprolin binds to AU-rich elements and promotes the deadenylation and destabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA
    • Lai,W.S., Carballo,E., Strum,J.R., Kennington,E.A., Phillips,R.S. and Blackshear,P.J. (1999) Evidence that tristetraprolin binds to AU-rich elements and promotes the deadenylation and destabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA. Mol. Cell. Biol., 19, 4311-4323.
    • (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 4311-4323
    • Lai, W.S.1    Carballo, E.2    Strum, J.R.3    Kennington, E.A.4    Phillips, R.S.5    Blackshear, P.J.6
  • 20
    • 0034653560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that tristetraprolin is a physiological regulator of granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor messenger RNA deadenylation and stability
    • Carballo,E., Lai,W.S. and Blackshear,P.J. (2000) Evidence that tristetraprolin is a physiological regulator of granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor messenger RNA deadenylation and stability. Blood, 95, 1891-1899.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.95 , pp. 1891-1899
    • Carballo, E.1    Lai, W.S.2    Blackshear, P.J.3
  • 21
    • 0034073984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic mRNA turnover mutants implicate tristetraprolin in the interleukin-3 mRNA degradation pathway
    • Stoecklin,G., Ming,X.F., Looser,R. and Moroni,C. (2000) Somatic mRNA turnover mutants implicate tristetraprolin in the interleukin-3 mRNA degradation pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 3753-3763.
    • (2000) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 3753-3763
    • Stoecklin, G.1    Ming, X.F.2    Looser, R.3    Moroni, C.4
  • 23
    • 0035161588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular mutants define a common mRNA degradation pathway targeting cytokine AU-rich elements
    • Stoecklin,G., Stoeckle,P., Lu,M., Muehlemann,O. and Moroni,C. (2001) Cellular mutants define a common mRNA degradation pathway targeting cytokine AU-rich elements. RNA, 7, 1578-1588.
    • (2001) RNA , vol.7 , pp. 1578-1588
    • Stoecklin, G.1    Stoeckle, P.2    Lu, M.3    Muehlemann, O.4    Moroni, C.5
  • 24
    • 0026337150 scopus 로고
    • An A + U-rich element RNA-binding factor regulates c-myc mRNA stability in vitro
    • Brewer,G. (1991) An A + U-rich element RNA-binding factor regulates c-myc mRNA stability in vitro. Mol. Cell. Biol., 11, 2460-2466.
    • (1991) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 2460-2466
    • Brewer, G.1
  • 26
    • 0032033151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and genomic organization of the human AUF1 gene: Alternative pre-mRNA splicing generates four protein isoforms
    • Wagner,B.J., DeMaria,C.T., Sun,Y., Wilson,G.M. and Brewer,G. (1998) Structure and genomic organization of the human AUF1 gene: alternative pre-mRNA splicing generates four protein isoforms. Genomics, 48, 195-202.
    • (1998) Genomics , vol.48 , pp. 195-202
    • Wagner, B.J.1    DeMaria, C.T.2    Sun, Y.3    Wilson, G.M.4    Brewer, G.5
  • 27
    • 0034663204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nuclear matrix-associated factor, SAF-B, interacts with specific isoforms of AUF1/hnRNP D
    • Arao,Y., Kuriyama,R., Kayama,F. and Kato,S. (2000) A nuclear matrix-associated factor, SAF-B, interacts with specific isoforms of AUF1/hnRNP D. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 380, 228-236.
    • (2000) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.380 , pp. 228-236
    • Arao, Y.1    Kuriyama, R.2    Kayama, F.3    Kato, S.4
  • 28
    • 3042704131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear import and export functions in the different isoforms of the AUF1/hnRNP D protein family
    • Sarkar,B., Lu,J.L. and Schneider,R.J. (2003) Nuclear import and export functions in the different isoforms of the AUF1/hnRNP D protein family. J. Biol. Chem., 31, 31.
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.31 , pp. 31
    • Sarkar, B.1    Lu, J.L.2    Schneider, R.J.3
  • 29
    • 0037100602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternate exon insertion controls selective ubiquitination and degradation of different AUF1 protein isoforms
    • Laroia,G. and Schneider,R.J. (2002) Alternate exon insertion controls selective ubiquitination and degradation of different AUF1 protein isoforms. Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 3052-3058.
    • (2002) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.30 , pp. 3052-3058
    • Laroia, G.1    Schneider, R.J.2
  • 30
    • 0033574789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of mRNA decay by heat shock-ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
    • Laroia,G., Cuesta,R., Brewer,G. and Schneider,R.J. (1999) Control of mRNA decay by heat shock-ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Science, 284, 499-502.
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 499-502
    • Laroia, G.1    Cuesta, R.2    Brewer, G.3    Schneider, R.J.4
  • 31
    • 0037133276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin-dependent mechanism regulates rapid turnover of AU-rich cytokine mRNAs
    • Laroia,G., Sarkar,B. and Schneider,R.J. (2002) Ubiquitin-dependent mechanism regulates rapid turnover of AU-rich cytokine mRNAs. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 1842-1846.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 1842-1846
    • Laroia, G.1    Sarkar, B.2    Schneider, R.J.3
  • 32
    • 0033927902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro properties of the conserved mammalian protein hnRNP D suggest a role in telomere maintenance
    • Eversole,A. and Maizels,N. (2000) In vitro properties of the conserved mammalian protein hnRNP D suggest a role in telomere maintenance. Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 5425-5432.
    • (2000) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 5425-5432
    • Eversole, A.1    Maizels, N.2
  • 33
    • 0033887512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the Epstein-Barr virus C promoter by AUF1 and the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway
    • Fuentes-Panana,E.M., Peng,R., Brewer,G., Tan,J. and Ling,P.D. (2000) Regulation of the Epstein-Barr virus C promoter by AUF1 and the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. J. Virol., 74, 8166-8175.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 8166-8175
    • Fuentes-Panana, E.M.1    Peng, R.2    Brewer, G.3    Tan, J.4    Ling, P.D.5
  • 34
    • 0030856470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of AUF1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) as a component of the alpha-globin mRNA stability complex
    • Kiledjian,M., DeMaria,C.T., Brewer,G. and Novick,K. (1997) Identification of AUF1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) as a component of the alpha-globin mRNA stability complex. Mol. Cell. Biol., 17, 4870-4876.
    • (1997) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 4870-4876
    • Kiledjian, M.1    DeMaria, C.T.2    Brewer, G.3    Novick, K.4
  • 35
    • 0034730324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for translationally coupled mRNA turnover: Interaction between the poly(A) tail and a c-fos RNA coding determinant via a protein complex
    • Grosset,C., Chen,C.Y., Xu,N., Sonenberg,N., Jacquemin-Sablon,H. and Shyu,A.B. (2000) A mechanism for translationally coupled mRNA turnover: interaction between the poly(A) tail and a c-fos RNA coding determinant via a protein complex. Cell, 103, 29-40
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 29-40
    • Grosset, C.1    Chen, C.Y.2    Xu, N.3    Sonenberg, N.4    Jacquemin-Sablon, H.5    Shyu, A.B.6
  • 36
    • 10244230822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA instability in cord versus adult mononuclear cells is translation-dependent and associated with increased levels of A + U-rich element binding factor
    • Buzby,J.S., Lee,S.M., Van Winkle,P., DeMaria,C.T., Brewer,G. and Cairo,M.S. (1996) Increased granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA instability in cord versus adult mononuclear cells is translation-dependent and associated with increased levels of A + U-rich element binding factor. Blood, 88, 2889-2897.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 2889-2897
    • Buzby, J.S.1    Lee, S.M.2    Van Winkle, P.3    DeMaria, C.T.4    Brewer, G.5    Cairo, M.S.6
  • 37
    • 0033607534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental regulation of RNA transcript destabilization by A + U-rich elements is AUF1-dependent
    • Buzby,J.S., Brewer,G. and Nugent,D.J. (1999) Developmental regulation of RNA transcript destabilization by A + U-rich elements is AUF1-dependent. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 33973-33978.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 33973-33978
    • Buzby, J.S.1    Brewer, G.2    Nugent, D.J.3
  • 40
    • 0033565383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling a cytoplasmic role for hnRNP D in the in vivo mRNA destabilization directed by the AU-rich element
    • Loflin,P., Chen,C.Y. and Shyu,A.B. (1999) Unraveling a cytoplasmic role for hnRNP D in the in vivo mRNA destabilization directed by the AU-rich element. Genes Dev., 13, 1884-1897.
    • (1999) Genes Dev. , vol.13 , pp. 1884-1897
    • Loflin, P.1    Chen, C.Y.2    Shyu, A.B.3
  • 41
    • 0034806974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Versatile role for hnRNP D isoforms in the differential regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA turnover
    • Xu,N., Chen,C.Y. and Shyu,A.B. (2001) Versatile role for hnRNP D isoforms in the differential regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA turnover. Mol. Cell. Biol., 21, 6960-6971.
    • (2001) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.21 , pp. 6960-6971
    • Xu, N.1    Chen, C.Y.2    Shyu, A.B.3
  • 43
    • 0026778881 scopus 로고
    • Mast cells sensitive to v-H-ras transformation are hyperinducible for interleukin 3 expression and have lost tumor-suppressor activity
    • Nair,A.P., Hirsch,H.H. and Moroni,C. (1992) Mast cells sensitive to v-H-ras transformation are hyperinducible for interleukin 3 expression and have lost tumor-suppressor activity. Oncogene, 7, 1963-1972.
    • (1992) Oncogene , vol.7 , pp. 1963-1972
    • Nair, A.P.1    Hirsch, H.H.2    Moroni, C.3
  • 44
    • 0023751336 scopus 로고
    • Rapid and quantitative preparation of cytoplasmic RNA from small numbers of cells
    • Gough,N.M. (1988) Rapid and quantitative preparation of cytoplasmic RNA from small numbers of cells. Anal. Biochem., 173, 93-95.
    • (1988) Anal. Biochem. , vol.173 , pp. 93-95
    • Gough, N.M.1
  • 45
    • 0029126879 scopus 로고
    • mRNA decay mediated by two distinct AU-rich elements from c-fos and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transcripts: Different deadenylation kinetics and uncoupling from translation
    • Chen,C.Y., Xu,N. and Shyu,A.B. (1995) mRNA decay mediated by two distinct AU-rich elements from c-fos and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transcripts: different deadenylation kinetics and uncoupling from translation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 15, 5777-5788.
    • (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 5777-5788
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Xu, N.2    Shyu, A.B.3
  • 46
    • 0033559114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of AUF-1 ligands reveals vast diversity of early response gene mRNAs
    • Bhattacharya,S., Giordano,T., Brewer,G. and Malter,J.S. (1999) Identification of AUF-1 ligands reveals vast diversity of early response gene mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res., 27, 1464-1472.
    • (1999) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.27 , pp. 1464-1472
    • Bhattacharya, S.1    Giordano, T.2    Brewer, G.3    Malter, J.S.4
  • 48
    • 0037089135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positional effects of short interfering RNAs targeting the human coagulation trigger Tissue Factor
    • Holen,T., Amarzguioui,M., Wiiger,M.T., Babaie,E. and Prydz,H. (2002) Positional effects of short interfering RNAs targeting the human coagulation trigger Tissue Factor. Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 1757-1766.
    • (2002) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.30 , pp. 1757-1766
    • Holen, T.1    Amarzguioui, M.2    Wiiger, M.T.3    Babaie, E.4    Prydz, H.5
  • 50
    • 0041689753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective degradation of AU-rich mRNAs promoted by the p37 AUF1 protein isoform
    • Sarkar,B., Xi,Q., He,C. and Schneider,R.J. (2003) Selective degradation of AU-rich mRNAs promoted by the p37 AUF1 protein isoform. Mol. Cell. Biol., 23, 6685-6693.
    • (2003) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 6685-6693
    • Sarkar, B.1    Xi, Q.2    He, C.3    Schneider, R.J.4
  • 51
    • 0033585005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assembly of AUF1 oligomers on U-rich RNA targets by sequential dimer association
    • Wilson,G.M., Sun,Y., Lu,H. and Brewer,G. (1999) Assembly of AUF1 oligomers on U-rich RNA targets by sequential dimer association. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 33374-33381.
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 33374-33381
    • Wilson, G.M.1    Sun, Y.2    Lu, H.3    Brewer, G.4
  • 52
    • 0042377361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of p40AUF1 regulates binding to A + U-rich mRNA-destabilizing elements and protein-induced changes in ribonucleoprotein structure
    • Wilson,G.M., Lu,J., Sutphen,K., Suarez,Y., Sinha,S., Brewer,B., Villanueva-Feliciano,E.C., Ysla,R.M., Charles,S. and Brewer,G. (2003) Phosphorylation of p40AUF1 regulates binding to A + U-rich mRNA-destabilizing elements and protein-induced changes in ribonucleoprotein structure. J. Biol. Chem., 278, 33039-33048.
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 33039-33048
    • Wilson, G.M.1    Lu, J.2    Sutphen, K.3    Suarez, Y.4    Sinha, S.5    Brewer, B.6    Villanueva-Feliciano, E.C.7    Ysla, R.M.8    Charles, S.9    Brewer, G.10
  • 53
    • 0041375466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of A + U-rich element-directed mRNA turnover involving reversible phosphorylation of AUF1
    • Wilson,G.M., Lu,J., Sutphen,K., Sun,Y., Huynh,Y. and Brewer,G. (2003) Regulation of A + U-rich element-directed mRNA turnover involving reversible phosphorylation of AUF1. J. Biol. Chem., 278, 33029-33038.
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 33029-33038
    • Wilson, G.M.1    Lu, J.2    Sutphen, K.3    Sun, Y.4    Huynh, Y.5    Brewer, G.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.