메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 139, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 217-224

Down-regulation of brain nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in the cyclooxygenase-2 knockout mouse

Author keywords

COX 2 KO; NF B; p50; p65; Phospho I B ; Phospho p65

Indexed keywords

CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; DNA; I KAPPA B; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; SYNAPTOTAGMIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NFAT;

EID: 24944461118     PISSN: 0169328X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.05.008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (50)
  • 2
    • 0024294357 scopus 로고
    • Activation of DNA-binding activity in an apparently cytoplasmic precursor of the NF-kappa B transcription factor
    • P.A. Baeuerle, and D. Baltimore Activation of DNA-binding activity in an apparently cytoplasmic precursor of the NF-kappa B transcription factor Cell 53 1988 211 217
    • (1988) Cell , vol.53 , pp. 211-217
    • Baeuerle, P.A.1    Baltimore, D.2
  • 3
    • 10644287630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin E2 and microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-2 expression are decreased in the cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mouse brain despite compensatory induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2
    • F. Bosetti, R. Langenbach, and G.R. Weerasinghe Prostaglandin E2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 expression are decreased in the cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mouse brain despite compensatory induction of cyclooxygenase-1 and Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 J. Neurochem. 91 2004 1389 1397
    • (2004) J. Neurochem. , vol.91 , pp. 1389-1397
    • Bosetti, F.1    Langenbach, R.2    Weerasinghe, G.R.3
  • 4
    • 0008587780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear factor-kappa B activation during cerebral reperfusion: Effect of attenuation with N-acetylcysteine treatment
    • J.E. Carroll, E.F. Howard, D.C. Hess, C.G. Wakade, Q. Chen, and C. Cheng Nuclear factor-kappa B activation during cerebral reperfusion: effect of attenuation with N-acetylcysteine treatment Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 56 1998 186 191
    • (1998) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.56 , pp. 186-191
    • Carroll, J.E.1    Howard, E.F.2    Hess, D.C.3    Wakade, C.G.4    Chen, Q.5    Cheng, C.6
  • 5
    • 0141814600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation
    • K.S. Chun, Y.S. Keum, S.S. Han, Y.S. Song, S.H. Kim, and Y.J. Surh Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation Carcinogenesis 24 2003 1515 1524
    • (2003) Carcinogenesis , vol.24 , pp. 1515-1524
    • Chun, K.S.1    Keum, Y.S.2    Han, S.S.3    Song, Y.S.4    Kim, S.H.5    Surh, Y.J.6
  • 6
    • 0031005724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global ischemia activates nuclear factor-kappa B in forebrain neurons of rats
    • J.A. Clemens, D.T. Stephenson, E.B. Smalstig, E.P. Dixon, and S.P. Little Global ischemia activates nuclear factor-kappa B in forebrain neurons of rats Stroke 28 1997 1073 1080 (discussion 1080-1081)
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Clemens, J.A.1    Stephenson, D.T.2    Smalstig, E.B.3    Dixon, E.P.4    Little, S.P.5
  • 7
    • 0001488150 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through induction of nuclear factor binding to the NF-kappa B sites in the long terminal repeat
    • E.J. Duh, W.J. Maury, T.M. Folks, A.S. Fauci, and A.B. Rabson Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through induction of nuclear factor binding to the NF-kappa B sites in the long terminal repeat Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 86 1989 5974 5978
    • (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.86 , pp. 5974-5978
    • Duh, E.J.1    Maury, W.J.2    Folks, T.M.3    Fauci, A.S.4    Rabson, A.B.5
  • 8
    • 0642339281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COX-2-deficient mice are less prone to MPTP-neurotoxicity than wild-type mice
    • Z. Feng, D. Li, P.C. Fung, Z. Pei, D.B. Ramsden, and S.L. Ho COX-2-deficient mice are less prone to MPTP-neurotoxicity than wild-type mice NeuroReport 14 2003 1927 1929
    • (2003) NeuroReport , vol.14 , pp. 1927-1929
    • Feng, Z.1    Li, D.2    Fung, P.C.3    Pei, Z.4    Ramsden, D.B.5    Ho, S.L.6
  • 9
    • 4143092559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic carbamazepine selectively downregulates cytosolic phospholipase A2 expression and cyclooxygenase activity in rat brain
    • S. Ghelardoni, Y.A. Tomita, J.M. Bell, S.I. Rapoport, and F. Bosetti Chronic carbamazepine selectively downregulates cytosolic phospholipase A2 expression and cyclooxygenase activity in rat brain Biol. Psychiatry 56 2004 248 254
    • (2004) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 248-254
    • Ghelardoni, S.1    Tomita, Y.A.2    Bell, J.M.3    Rapoport, S.I.4    Bosetti, F.5
  • 10
    • 0036234459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Missing pieces in the NF-kappaB puzzle
    • S. Ghosh, and M. Karin Missing pieces in the NF-kappaB puzzle Cell 109 2002 S81 S96 (Suppl.)
    • (2002) Cell , vol.109
    • Ghosh, S.1    Karin, M.2
  • 11
    • 0027232067 scopus 로고
    • NF-kappa B and Rel: Participants in a multiform transcriptional regulatory system
    • M. Grilli, J.J. Chiu, and M.J. Lenardo NF-kappa B and Rel: participants in a multiform transcriptional regulatory system Int. Rev. Cytol. 143 1993 1 62
    • (1993) Int. Rev. Cytol. , vol.143 , pp. 1-62
    • Grilli, M.1    Chiu, J.J.2    Lenardo, M.J.3
  • 12
    • 0041837487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early NFkappaB activation is inhibited during focal cerebral ischemia in interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme deficient mice
    • F.P. Huang, Z.Q. Wang, D.C. Wu, G.P. Schielke, Y. Sun, and G.Y. Yang Early NFkappaB activation is inhibited during focal cerebral ischemia in interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme deficient mice J. Neurosci. Res. 73 2003 698 707
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.73 , pp. 698-707
    • Huang, F.P.1    Wang, Z.Q.2    Wu, D.C.3    Schielke, G.P.4    Sun, Y.5    Yang, G.Y.6
  • 13
    • 0035970036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced susceptibility to ischemic brain injury and N-methyl-d-aspartate- mediated neurotoxicity in cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mice
    • C. Iadecola, K. Niwa, S. Nogawa, X. Zhao, M. Nagayama, E. Araki, S. Morham, and M.E. Ross Reduced susceptibility to ischemic brain injury and N-methyl-d-aspartate-mediated neurotoxicity in cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98 2001 1294 1299
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.98 , pp. 1294-1299
    • Iadecola, C.1    Niwa, K.2    Nogawa, S.3    Zhao, X.4    Nagayama, M.5    Araki, E.6    Morham, S.7    Ross, M.E.8
  • 14
    • 0034604683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An essential role of the nuclear factor of activated T cells in the regulation of the expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene in human T lymphocytes
    • M.A. Iniguez, S. Martinez-Martinez, C. Punzon, J.M. Redondo, and M. Fresno An essential role of the nuclear factor of activated T cells in the regulation of the expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene in human T lymphocytes J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 23627 23635
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 23627-23635
    • Iniguez, M.A.1    Martinez-Martinez, S.2    Punzon, C.3    Redondo, J.M.4    Fresno, M.5
  • 15
    • 0347334750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-1beta-mediated up-regulation of HIF-1alpha via an NFkappaB/COX-2 pathway identifies HIF-1 as a critical link between inflammation and oncogenesis
    • Y.J. Jung, J.S. Isaacs, S. Lee, J. Trepel, and L. Neckers IL-1beta-mediated up-regulation of HIF-1alpha via an NFkappaB/COX-2 pathway identifies HIF-1 as a critical link between inflammation and oncogenesis FASEB J. 17 2003 2115 2117
    • (2003) FASEB J. , vol.17 , pp. 2115-2117
    • Jung, Y.J.1    Isaacs, J.S.2    Lee, S.3    Trepel, J.4    Neckers, L.5
  • 18
    • 0037196565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The involvement of NF-kappaB in the constitutive overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in cyclooxygenase-1 null cells
    • T. Kanekura, S. Goorha, K. Kirtikara, and L.R. Ballou The involvement of NF-kappaB in the constitutive overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in cyclooxygenase-1 null cells Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1542 2002 14 22
    • (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1542 , pp. 14-22
    • Kanekura, T.1    Goorha, S.2    Kirtikara, K.3    Ballou, L.R.4
  • 19
    • 4143150483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappaB p50-deficient mice show reduced anxiety-like behaviors in tests of exploratory drive and anxiety
    • C.A. Kassed, and M. Herkenham NF-kappaB p50-deficient mice show reduced anxiety-like behaviors in tests of exploratory drive and anxiety Behav. Brain Res. 154 2004 577 584
    • (2004) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.154 , pp. 577-584
    • Kassed, C.A.1    Herkenham, M.2
  • 20
    • 0028985037 scopus 로고
    • NF-kappa B and rel proteins in innate immunity
    • E.B. Kopp, and S. Ghosh NF-kappa B and rel proteins in innate immunity Adv. Immunol. 58 1995 1 27
    • (1995) Adv. Immunol. , vol.58 , pp. 1-27
    • Kopp, E.B.1    Ghosh, S.2
  • 22
    • 0032527764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An region upstream of the gene promoter for the beta-amyloid precursor protein interacts with proteins from nuclear extracts of the human brain and PC12 cells
    • D.K. Lahiri An region upstream of the gene promoter for the beta-amyloid precursor protein interacts with proteins from nuclear extracts of the human brain and PC12 cells Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 58 1998 112 122
    • (1998) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.58 , pp. 112-122
    • Lahiri, D.K.1
  • 23
    • 0037383635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From calcium to NF-kappa B signaling pathways in neurons
    • A. Lilienbaum, and A. Israel From calcium to NF-kappa B signaling pathways in neurons Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 2003 2680 2698
    • (2003) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 2680-2698
    • Lilienbaum, A.1    Israel, A.2
  • 24
    • 0035710746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method
    • K.J. Livak, and T.D. Schmittgen Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method Methods 25 2001 402 408
    • (2001) Methods , vol.25 , pp. 402-408
    • Livak, K.J.1    Schmittgen, T.D.2
  • 25
    • 0031826073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong nuclear factor-kappaB-DNA binding parallels cyclooxygenase-2 gene transcription in aging and in sporadic Alzheimer's disease superior temporal lobe neocortex
    • W.J. Lukiw, and N.G. Bazan Strong nuclear factor-kappaB-DNA binding parallels cyclooxygenase-2 gene transcription in aging and in sporadic Alzheimer's disease superior temporal lobe neocortex J. Neurosci. Res. 53 1998 583 592
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.53 , pp. 583-592
    • Lukiw, W.J.1    Bazan, N.G.2
  • 26
    • 0034746288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappaB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders
    • M.P. Mattson, and S. Camandola NF-kappaB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders J. Clin. Invest. 107 2001 247 254
    • (2001) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.107 , pp. 247-254
    • Mattson, M.P.1    Camandola, S.2
  • 29
    • 4444333049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases
    • L. Minghetti Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 63 2004 901 910
    • (2004) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. , vol.63 , pp. 901-910
    • Minghetti, L.1
  • 31
    • 0036715333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced prostaglandin E2 release is mediated by the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription via NFkappaB in human gingival fibroblasts
    • S. Nakao, Y. Ogtata, E. Shimizu, M. Yamazaki, S. Furuyama, and H. Sugiya Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced prostaglandin E2 release is mediated by the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription via NFkappaB in human gingival fibroblasts Mol. Cell. Biochem. 238 2002 11 18
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.238 , pp. 11-18
    • Nakao, S.1    Ogtata, Y.2    Shimizu, E.3    Yamazaki, M.4    Furuyama, S.5    Sugiya, H.6
  • 32
    • 0031559584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for involvement of NF-kappaB in the transcriptional control of COX-2 gene expression by IL-1beta
    • R. Newton, L.M. Kuitert, M. Bergmann, I.M. Adcock, and P.J. Barnes Evidence for involvement of NF-kappaB in the transcriptional control of COX-2 gene expression by IL-1beta Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237 1997 28 32
    • (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.237 , pp. 28-32
    • Newton, R.1    Kuitert, L.M.2    Bergmann, M.3    Adcock, I.M.4    Barnes, P.J.5
  • 33
    • 0038446480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling pathways for TNFa-induced COX-2 expression: Mediation through MAP kinases and NFkB, and inhibition by certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
    • J. Paik, J.Y. Lee, and D. Hwang Signaling pathways for TNFa-induced COX-2 expression: mediation through MAP kinases and NFkB, and inhibition by certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 507 2002 503 508
    • (2002) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. , vol.507 , pp. 503-508
    • Paik, J.1    Lee, J.Y.2    Hwang, D.3
  • 35
    • 0035914407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative regulation of NF-kappaB by COX-2: Roles of different prostaglandins
    • B. Poligone, and A.S. Baldwin Positive and negative regulation of NF-kappaB by COX-2: roles of different prostaglandins J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 38658 38664
    • (2001) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.276 , pp. 38658-38664
    • Poligone, B.1    Baldwin, A.S.2
  • 36
    • 0033571073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance P activates coincident NF-AT- and NF-kappa B-dependent adhesion molecule gene expression in microvascular endothelial cells through intracellular calcium mobilization
    • K.L. Quinlan, S.M. Naik, G. Cannon, C.A. Armstrong, N.W. Bunnett, J.C. Ansel, and S.W. Caughman Substance P activates coincident NF-AT- and NF-kappa B-dependent adhesion molecule gene expression in microvascular endothelial cells through intracellular calcium mobilization J. Immunol. 163 1999 5656 5665
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.163 , pp. 5656-5665
    • Quinlan, K.L.1    Naik, S.M.2    Cannon, G.3    Armstrong, C.A.4    Bunnett, N.W.5    Ansel, J.C.6    Caughman, S.W.7
  • 37
    • 0029119638 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of transcription factor binding activities in the ischemic rat brain
    • A. Salminen, P.K. Liu, and C.Y. Hsu Alteration of transcription factor binding activities in the ischemic rat brain Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 212 1995 939 944
    • (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.212 , pp. 939-944
    • Salminen, A.1    Liu, P.K.2    Hsu, C.Y.3
  • 38
    • 0025739254 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1
    • R. Schreck, P. Rieber, and P.A. Baeuerle Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1 EMBO J. 10 1991 2247 2258
    • (1991) EMBO J. , vol.10 , pp. 2247-2258
    • Schreck, R.1    Rieber, P.2    Baeuerle, P.A.3
  • 40
    • 0030943828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sphingosine-1-phosphate mobilizes intracellular calcium and activates transcription factor NF-kappa B in U937 cells
    • V.A. Shatrov, V. Lehmann, and S. Chouaib Sphingosine-1-phosphate mobilizes intracellular calcium and activates transcription factor NF-kappa B in U937 cells Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 234 1997 121 124
    • (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.234 , pp. 121-124
    • Shatrov, V.A.1    Lehmann, V.2    Chouaib, S.3
  • 41
    • 0032559962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidermal growth factor activation of NF-kappaB is mediated through IkappaBalpha degradation and intracellular free calcium
    • L. Sun, and G. Carpenter Epidermal growth factor activation of NF-kappaB is mediated through IkappaBalpha degradation and intracellular free calcium Oncogene 16 1998 2095 2102
    • (1998) Oncogene , vol.16 , pp. 2095-2102
    • Sun, L.1    Carpenter, G.2
  • 42
    • 0028971289 scopus 로고
    • Rel/NF-kappa B/I kappa B family: Intimate tales of association and dissociation
    • I.M. Verma, J.K. Stevenson, E.M. Schwarz, D. Van Antwerp, and S. Miyamoto Rel/NF-kappa B/I kappa B family: intimate tales of association and dissociation Genes Dev. 9 1995 2723 2735
    • (1995) Genes Dev. , vol.9 , pp. 2723-2735
    • Verma, I.M.1    Stevenson, J.K.2    Schwarz, E.M.3    Van Antwerp, D.4    Miyamoto, S.5
  • 43
    • 0027290813 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a mitogen-inducible cyclooxygenase in brain neurons: Regulation by synaptic activity and glucocorticoids
    • K. Yamagata, K.I. Andreasson, W.E. Kaufmann, C.A. Barnes, and P.F. Worley Expression of a mitogen-inducible cyclooxygenase in brain neurons: regulation by synaptic activity and glucocorticoids Neuron 11 1993 371 386
    • (1993) Neuron , vol.11 , pp. 371-386
    • Yamagata, K.1    Andreasson, K.I.2    Kaufmann, W.E.3    Barnes, C.A.4    Worley, P.F.5
  • 44
    • 0033578879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulindac inhibits activation of the NF-kappaB pathway
    • Y. Yamamoto, M.J. Yin, K.M. Lin, and R.B. Gaynor Sulindac inhibits activation of the NF-kappaB pathway J. Biol. Chem. 274 1999 27307 27314
    • (1999) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.274 , pp. 27307-27314
    • Yamamoto, Y.1    Yin, M.J.2    Lin, K.M.3    Gaynor, R.B.4
  • 45
    • 0029100808 scopus 로고
    • Increased cortical nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) DNA binding activity after traumatic brain injury in rats
    • K. Yang, X.S. Mu, and R.L. Hayes Increased cortical nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) DNA binding activity after traumatic brain injury in rats Neurosci. Lett. 197 1995 101 104
    • (1995) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.197 , pp. 101-104
    • Yang, K.1    Mu, X.S.2    Hayes, R.L.3
  • 46
    • 0032487857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anti-inflammatory agents aspirin and salicylate inhibit the activity of I(kappa)B kinase-beta
    • M.J. Yin, Y. Yamamoto, and R.B. Gaynor The anti-inflammatory agents aspirin and salicylate inhibit the activity of I(kappa)B kinase-beta Nature 396 1998 77 80
    • (1998) Nature , vol.396 , pp. 77-80
    • Yin, M.J.1    Yamamoto, Y.2    Gaynor, R.B.3
  • 47
    • 0032506690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in the rabbit spinal cord following ischemia and reperfusion
    • S. Zhang, T. Tobaru, J.A. Zivin, and D.A. Shackelford Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in the rabbit spinal cord following ischemia and reperfusion Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 63 1998 121 132
    • (1998) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.63 , pp. 121-132
    • Zhang, S.1    Tobaru, T.2    Zivin, J.A.3    Shackelford, D.A.4
  • 48
    • 0032039076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of NF-kappa B p65 by PKA stimulates transcriptional activity by promoting a novel bivalent interaction with the coactivator CBP/p300
    • H. Zhong, R.E. Voll, and S. Ghosh Phosphorylation of NF-kappa B p65 by PKA stimulates transcriptional activity by promoting a novel bivalent interaction with the coactivator CBP/p300 Mol. Cell 1 1998 661 671
    • (1998) Mol. Cell , vol.1 , pp. 661-671
    • Zhong, H.1    Voll, R.E.2    Ghosh, S.3
  • 49
    • 0036203419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phosphorylation status of nuclear NF-kappa B determines its association with CBP/p300 or HDAC-1
    • H. Zhong, M.J. May, E. Jimi, and S. Ghosh The phosphorylation status of nuclear NF-kappa B determines its association with CBP/p300 or HDAC-1 Mol. Cell 9 2002 625 636
    • (2002) Mol. Cell , vol.9 , pp. 625-636
    • Zhong, H.1    May, M.J.2    Jimi, E.3    Ghosh, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.