Structural and functional features of transcription factors controlling the circadian clock

Current Opinion in Genetics and Development

Volumn 15, Issue 5 SPEC. ISS., 2005, Pages 548-556

  Hirayama, Jun ^a   Sassone Corsi, Paolo ^a  

^a INSTITUT DE GÉNÉTIQUE ET DE BIOLOGIE MOLÉCULAIRE ET CELLULAIRE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ISOPROTEIN; PER1 PROTEIN; PROTEIN BMAL1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR CLOCK;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE REPRESSION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN MOTIF; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REVIEW; RNA TRANSLATION; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

EID: 24344450660     PISSN: 0959437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2005.07.003     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. U. Schibler, and P. Sassone-Corsi A web of circadian pacemakers Cell 111 2002 919 922
2. J.C. Dunlap Molecular bases for circadian clocks Cell 96 1999 271 290
3. N. Cermakian, and P. Sassone-Corsi Multilevel regulation of the circadian clock Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 1 2000 59 67
4. N. Gekakis, D. Staknis, H.B. Nguyen, F.C. Davis, L.D. Wilsbacher, D.P. King, J.S. Takahashi, and C.J. Weitz Role of the CLOCK protein in the mammalian circadian mechanism Science 280 1998 1564 1569
5. X. Jin, L.P. Shearman, D.R. Weaver, M.J. Zylka, G.J. de Vries, and S.M. Reppert A molecular mechanism regulating rhythmic output from the suprachiasmatic circadian clock Cell 96 1999 57 68
6. J.A. Ripperger, L.P. Shearman, S.M. Reppert, and U. Schibler CLOCK, an essential pacemaker component, controls expression of the circadian transcription factor DBP Genes Dev 14 2000 679 689
7. S. Kojima, M. Hirose, K. Tokunaga, Y. Sakaki, and H. Tei Structural and functional analysis of 3′ untranslated region of mouse Period1 mRNA Biochem Biophys Res Commun 301 2003 1 7
8. J.E. Baggs, and C.B. Green Nocturnin, a deadenylase in Xenopus laevis retina: a mechanism for posttranscriptional control of circadian-related mRNA Curr Biol 13 2003 189 198
9. C. Lee, J.P. Etchegaray, F.R. Cagampang, A.S. Loudon, and S.M. Reppert Posttranslational mechanisms regulate the mammalian circadian clock Cell 107 2001 855 867
10. J.P. Etchegaray, C. Lee, P.A. Wade, and S.M. Reppert Rhythmic histone acetylation underlies transcription in the mammalian circadian clock Nature 421 2003 177 182 An important study describing how chromatin remodelling is implicated in the control of circadian function. In particular, the role of histone acetylation is explored.
11. C. Crosio, N. Cermakian, C.D. Allis, and P. Sassone-Corsi Light induces chromatin modification in cells of the mammalian circadian clock Nat Neurosci 3 2000 1241 1247
12. K. Yagita, F. Tamanini, M. Yasuda, J.H. Hoeijmakers, G.T. van der Horst, and H. Okamura Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and mCRY-dependent inhibition of ubiquitylation of the mPER2 clock protein EMBO J 21 2002 1301 1314
13. M. Akashi, Y. Tsuchiya, T. Yoshino, and E. Nishida Control of intracellular dynamics of mammalian period proteins by casein kinase I ε (CKIε) and CKIδ in cultured cells Mol Cell Biol 22 2002 1693 1703
14. R.V. Kondratov, M.V. Chernov, A.A. Kondratova, V.Y. Gorbacheva, A.V. Gudkov, and M.P. Antoch BMAL1-dependent circadian oscillation of nuclear CLOCK: posttranslational events induced by dimerization of transcriptional activators of the mammalian clock system Genes Dev 17 2003 1921 1932 This important study represents the first characterization of the effect that BMAL1 has in the circadian oscillation of the CLOCK protein.
15. O. Yildiz, M. Doi, I. Yujnovsky, L. Cardone, A. Berndt, S. Hennig, S. Schulze, C. Urbanke, P. Sassone-Corsi, and E. Wolf Crystal structure and interactions of the PAS repeat region of the Drosophila clock protein PERIOD Mol Cell 17 2005 69 82 The authors report the first characterization of the structural organization of the paired PAS domains of the Drosophila Per protein. The results establish an important link between structure and circadian function of the protein.
16. P.L. Lowrey, K. Shimomura, M.P. Antoch, S. Yamazaki, P.D. Zemenides, M.R. Ralph, M. Menaker, and J.S. Takahashi Positional syntenic cloning and functional characterization of the mammalian circadian mutation tau Science 288 2000 483 492
17. K.L. Toh, C.R. Jones, Y. He, E.J. Eide, W.A. Hinz, D.M. Virshup, L.J. Ptacek, and Y.H. Fu An hPer2 phosphorylation site mutation in familial advanced sleep phase syndrome Science 291 2001 1040 1043
18. T. Ebisawa, M. Uchiyama, N. Kajimura, K. Mishima, Y. Kamei, M. Katoh, T. Watanabe, M. Sekimoto, K. Shibui, and K. Kim Association of structural polymorphisms in the human PERIOD3 gene with delayed sleep phase syndrome EMBO Rep 2 2001 342 346
19. E. Vielhaber, E. Eide, A. Rivers, Z.H. Gao, and D.M. Virshup Nuclear entry of the circadian regulator mPER1 is controlled by mammalian casein kinase I ε Mol Cell Biol 20 2000 4888 4899
20. A. Takano, Y. Isojima, and K. Nagai Identification of mPer1 phosphorylation sites responsible for the nuclear entry J Biol Chem 279 2004 32578 32585 This is an important study that identifies the phosphoacceptor sites in the mouse PER1 protein involved in nuclear transport. These sites are discussed in the present review article (see Figure 1).
21. E.J. Eide, M.F. Woolf, H. Kang, P. Woolf, W. Hurst, F. Camacho, E.L. Vielhaber, A. Giovanni, and D.M. Virshup Control of mammalian circadian rhythm by CKIε -regulated proteasome-mediated PER2 degradation Mol Cell Biol 25 2005 2795 2807
22. C. Lee, D.R. Weaver, and S.M. Reppert Direct association between mouse PERIOD and CKIε is critical for a functioning circadian clock Mol Cell Biol 24 2004 584 594
23. K. Bae, X. Jin, E.S. Maywood, M.H. Hastings, S.M. Reppert, and D.R. Weaver Differential functions of mPer1, mPer2, and mPer3 in the SCN circadian clock Neuron 30 2001 525 536
24. B. Zheng, U. Albrecht, K. Kaasik, M. Sage, W. Lu, S. Vaishnav, Q. Li, Z.S. Sun, G. Eichele, and A. Bradley Nonredundant roles of the mPer1 and mPer2 genes in the mammalian circadian clock Cell 105 2001 683 694
25. K. Miyazaki, M. Mesaki, and N. Ishida Nuclear entry mechanism of rat PER2 (rPER2): role of rPER2 in nuclear localization of CRY protein Mol Cell Biol 21 2001 6651 6659
26. E.L. Vielhaber, D. Duricka, K.S. Ullman, and D.M. Virshup Nuclear export of mammalian PERIOD proteins J Biol Chem 276 2001 45921 45927
27. K. Yagita, S. Yamaguchi, F. Tamanini, G.T. van Der Horst, J.H. Hoeijmakers, A. Yasui, J.J. Loros, J.C. Dunlap, and H. Okamura Dimerization and nuclear entry of mPER proteins in mammalian cells Genes Dev 14 2000 1353 1363
28. Y. Kobayashi, T. Ishikawa, J. Hirayama, H. Daiyasu, S. Kanai, H. Toh, I. Fukuda, T. Tsujimura, N. Terada, and Y. Kamei Molecular analysis of zebrafish photolyase/cryptochrome family: two types of cryptochromes present in zebrafish Genes Cells 5 2000 725 738
29. N. Cermakian, M.P. Pando, C.L. Thompson, A. Pinchak, C.P. Selby, L. Gutierrez, D. Wells, G.M. Cahill, A. Sancar, and P. Sassone-Corsi Light induction of a vertebrate clock gene involves signaling through blue-light receptors and MAP kinases Curr Biol 12 2002 844 848
30. T. Todo Functional diversity of the DNA photolyase/blue light receptor family Mutat Res 434 1999 89 97
31. M.H. Vitaterna, C.P. Selby, T. Todo, H. Niwa, C. Thompson, E.M. Fruechte, K. Hitomi, R.J. Thresher, T. Ishikawa, and J. Miyazaki Differential regulation of mammalian period genes and circadian rhythmicity by cryptochromes 1 and 2 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 1999 12114 12119
32. K. Kume, M.J. Zylka, S. Sriram, L.P. Shearman, D.R. Weaver, X. Jin, E.S. Maywood, M.H. Hastings, and S.M. Reppert mCRY1 and mCRY2 are essential components of the negative limb of the circadian clock feedback loop Cell 98 1999 193 205
33. E.A. Griffin Jr., D. Staknis, and C.J. Weitz Light-independent role of CRY1 and CRY2 in the mammalian circadian clock Science 286 1999 768 771
34. J. Hirayama, H. Nakamura, T. Ishikawa, Y. Kobayashi, and T. Todo Functional and structural analyses of cryptochrome. Vertebrate CRY regions responsible for interaction with the CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer and its nuclear localization J Biol Chem 278 2003 35620 35628
35. H. Zhu, F. Conte, and C.B. Green Nuclear localization and transcriptional repression are confined to separable domains in the circadian protein CRYPTOCHROME Curr Biol 13 2003 1653 1658
36. Y. Sakakida, Y. Miyamoto, E. Nagoshi, M. Akashi, T.J. Nakamura, T. Mamine, M. Kasahara, Y. Minami, Y. Yoneda, and T. Takumi Importin α/β mediates nuclear transport of a mammalian circadian clock component, mCRY2, together with mPER2, through a bipartite nuclear localization signal J Biol Chem 280 2005 13272 13278
37. S. Loop, M. Katzer, and T. Pieler mPER1-mediated nuclear export of mCRY1/2 is an important element in establishing circadian rhythm EMBO Rep 6 2005 341 347
38. E.J. Eide, E.L. Vielhaber, W.A. Hinz, and D.M. Virshup The circadian regulatory proteins BMAL1 and cryptochromes are substrates of casein kinase Iε J Biol Chem 277 2002 17248 17254
39. K. Sanada, Y. Harada, M. Sakai, T. Todo, and Y. Fukada Serine phosphorylation of mCRY1 and mCRY2 by mitogen-activated protein kinase Genes Cells 9 2004 697 708
40. T. Tamaru, Y. Isojima, G.T. van der Horst, K. Takei, K. Nagai, and K. Takamatsu Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and phosphorylation of BMAL1 are regulated by circadian clock in cultured fibroblasts Genes Cells 8 2003 973 983
41. J. Hirayama, I. Fukuda, T. Ishikawa, Y. Kobayashi, and T. Todo New role of zCRY and zPER2 as regulators of sub-cellular distributions of zCLOCK and zBMAL proteins Nucleic Acids Res 31 2003 935 943
42. K. Sanada, T. Okano, and Y. Fukada Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylates and negatively regulates basic helix-loop-helix-PAS transcription factor BMAL1 J Biol Chem 277 2002 267 271
43. Cardone L, Hirayama J, Giordano F, Tamaru T, Palvimo J, Sassone-Corsi P: Circadian clock control by SUMOylation of BMAL1. Science 2005, in press.
44. B. Akten, E. Jauch, G.K. Genova, E.Y. Kim, I. Edery, T. Raabe, and F.R. Jackson A role for CK2 in the Drosophila circadian oscillator Nat Neurosci 6 2003 251 257
45. Y. Liu, J. Loros, and J.C. Dunlap Phosphorylation of the Neurospora clock protein FREQUENCY determines its degradation rate and strongly influences the period length of the circadian clock Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 2000 234 239
46. S. Martinek, S. Inonog, A.S. Manoukian, and M.W. Young A role for the segment polarity gene shaggy/GSK-3 in the Drosophila circadian clock Cell 105 2001 769 779
47. S. Sathyanarayanan, X. Zheng, R. Xiao, and A. Sehgal Posttranslational regulation of Drosophila PERIOD protein by protein phosphatase 2A Cell 116 2004 603 615 This study describes important results that help identify PP2A, a specific phosphatase that regulates the phosphorylation levels of the fly Per protein. The oscillatory nature of the phosphorylation of clock proteins is shown to be essential for a proper circadian rhythmicity.
48. D. Corda, and M. Di Girolamo Functional aspects of protein mono-ADP-ribosylation EMBO J 22 2003 1953 1958
49. R.N. Freiman, and R. Tjian Regulating the regulators: lysine modifications make their mark Cell 112 2003 11 17