Urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate excretion in intellectually disabled subjects with sleep disorders and multiple medications: Validation of measurements in urine extracted from diapers

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation

Volumn 65, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 413-432

  Laakso, Maija Liisa ^a   Lindblom, N ^a   Kaipainen, P ^a   Kaski, M ^a  

^a Rinnekoti Foundation Finland   (Finland)

Author keywords

Circadian rhythm; Liver metabolism; Melatonin; Mental retardation; Pineal gland; Polypharmacy; Sleep disturbance

Indexed keywords

6 HYDROXYMELATONIN O SULFATE; MELATONIN; PHENOBARBITAL;

ADULT; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAPER; DRUG INTERACTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIVER METABOLISM; MALE; MEASUREMENT; MENTAL DEFICIENCY; PARAMETERS OF MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; SLEEP DISORDER; URINARY EXCRETION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AREA UNDER CURVE; ARYL HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASES; DISABLED PERSONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MELATONIN; MIDDLE AGED; SLEEP DISORDERS;

EID: 23644452480     PISSN: 00365513     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00365510510025764     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Perreau-Lenz S, Pévet P, Buijs RM, Kalsbeek A. The biological clock: the bodyguard of temporal homeostasis. Chronobiol Int 2004;21:1-25.
2. Kauymov L, Brown G, Jindal R, Buttoo K, Shapiro CM. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of the effect of exogenous melatonin on delayed sleep phase syndrome. Psychosom Med 2001;63:40-8.
3. Hack LM, Lockley SW, Arendt J, Skene DJ. The effects of low-dose 0.5-mg melatonin on the free-running circadian rhythms of blind subjects. J Biol Rhythms 2003;18:420-9.
4. Lewy AJ, Emens J, Sack RL, Hasler BP, Bernert RA. Zeitgeber hierarchy in humans: resetting the circadian phase position of blind people using melatonin. Chronobiol Int 2003;20:837-52.
5. Monti JM, Alvarino F, Cardinali D, Savio I, Pintos A. Polysomnographic study of the effect of melatonin on sleep in elderly patients with chronic primary insomnia. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1999;28:85-98.
6. Niederhofer H, Staffen W, Mair A, Pittschieler K. Brief report: Melatonin facilitates sleep in individuals with mental retardation and insomnia. J Autism Dev Disord 2003;33:469-72.
7. Ellis CM, Lemmens G, Parkes JD. Melatonin and insomnia. J Sleep Res 1996;5:61-5.
8. Singer C, Tractenberg RE, Kaye J, Schafer K, Gamst A, Grundman M, et al. A multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin for sleep disturbance in Alzheimer's disease. Sleep 2003;26:839-901.
9. Zhdanova IV, Tucci V. Melatonin, circadian rhythms, and sleep. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2003;5:225-9.
10. Leger D, Laudon M, Zisapel N. Nocturnal 6-sufatoxymelatonin excretion in insomnia and its relation to the response to melatonin replacement therapy. Am J Med 2004;116:91-5.
11. Arendt J, Bojkowski C, Franey C, Wright J, Marks V. Immunoassay of 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate in human plasma and urine: abolition of the urinary 24-hour rhythm with atenolol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985;60:1166-73.
12. Markey SP, Higa S, Shih M, Danforth DN, Tamarkin L. The correlation between human plasma melatonin levels and urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin excretion. Clin Chim Acta 1985;150:221-5.
13. Nowak R, McMillen IC, Redman J, Short RV. The correlation between serum and salivary melatonin concentrations and urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin sulphate excretion rates: two non-invasive techniques for monitoring human circadian rhythmicity. Clin Endocrinol 1987;27:445-52.
14. Bojkowski CJ, Arendt J, Shih MC, Markey SP. Melatonin secretion in humans assessed by measuring its metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. Clin Chem 1987;33:1343-8.
15. Bojkowski CJ, Arendt J. Annual changes in 6-sulphatoxymelatonin excretion in man. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1988;117:470-6.
16. Deacon SJ, Arendt J. Phase-shifts in melatonin, 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and alertness rhythms after treatment with moderately bright light at night. Clin Endocrinol 1994;40:413-20.
17. Graham C, Cook MR, Kavet R, Sastre A, Smith DK. Prediction of nocturnal plasma melatonin from morning urinary measures. J Pineal Res 1998;24:230-8.
18. Cook MR, Graham C, Kavet R, Stevens RG, Davis S, Kheifets L. Morning urinary assessment of nocturnal melatonin secretion in older women. J Pineal Res 2000;28:41-7.
19. Crasson M, Kjiri S, Colin A, Kjiri K, L'Hermite-Baleriaux M, Ansseau M, et al. Serum melatonin and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in major depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2004;29:1-12.
20. 125I- radioimmunoassay without extraction. In: Gupta D, Wollman HA, Ranke MB, editors. Neuroendocrinology: new frontiers. London, Tübingen: Brain Research Promotion; 1990. pp 255-64.
21. Aldhous ME, Arendt J. Radioimmunoassay for 6-sulphatoxymelatonin in urine using an iodinated tracer. Ann Clin Biochem 1988;25:298-303.
22. Griefahn B, Remer T, Blaszkewicz M, Brode P. Long-term stability of 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate in 24-h urine samples stored at -20 degrees C. Endocrine 2001;15:199-202.
23. Sadeh A. Sleep and melatonin in infants: a preliminary study. Sleep 1997;20:185-91.
24. Sivan Y, Laudon M, Kuint J, Zisapel N. Low melatonin production in infants with a life-threatening event. Dev Med Child Neurol 2000;42:487-91.
25. Hajak G, Rodenbeck A, Staedt J, Bandelow B, Huether G, Rüther E. Nocturnal plasma melatonin levels in patients suffering from chronic primary insomnia. J Pineal Res 1995;19:116-22.
26. Lushington K, Dawson D, Kennaway DJ, Lack L. The relationship between 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and polysomnographic sleep in good sleeping controls and wake maintenance insomniacs, aged 55-80 years. J Sleep Res 1999;8:57-64.
27. Baskett JJ, Wood PC, Broad JB, Duncan JR, English J, Arendt J. Melatonin in older people with age-related sleep-maintenance problems: a comparison with age matched normal sleepers. Sleep 2001;24:418-24.
28. Monk TH, Buysse DJ, Billy BD, Kennedy KS, Kupfer DJ. The effects on human sleep and circadian rhythms of 17 days of continuous bedrest in the absence of daylight. Sleep 1997;20:858-64.
29. Molina-Carballo A, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Rodriguez-Cabezas T, Muños-Hoyos A. Effects of febrile and epileptic convulsions on daily variations in plasma melatonin concentrations in children. J Pineal Res 1994;16:1-9.
30. Schapel GJ, Beran RG, Kennaway DL, McLoughney J, Matthews CD. Melatonin response in active epilepsy. Epilepsia 1995;36:75-8.
31. Bazil CW, Short D, Crispin D, Zheng W. Patients with intractable epilepsy have low melatonin, which increases following seizures. Neurology 2000;55:1746-8.
32. McIntyre IM, Burrows GD, Norman TR. Suppression of plasma melatonin by a single dose of the benzodiazepine alprazolam in humans. Biol Psychiatry 1988;24:108-12.
33. Copinschi G, Van Onderbergen A, L'Hermite-Balériaux ML, Szyper M, Gaufriez A, Bosson D, et al. Effects of the short-acting benzodiazepine triazolam, taken at bedtime, on circadian and sleep-related hormonal profiles in normal men. Sleep 1990;13:232-44.
34. Allen NHP, Smythe PJ, Martin N, Plaskett L, Osola K, Childs P, et al. The effect of temazepam on melatonin secretion and light sensitivity. J Psychopharmacol 1994;8:94-7.
35. Monteleone P, Tortorella A, Borriello R, Natale M, Cassandro P, Maj M. Suppression of nocturnal plasma melatonin levels by evening administration of sodium valproate in healthy humans. Biol Psychiatry 1997;41:336-41.
36. Kopin IJ, Pare CMB, Axelrod J, Weissbach H. 6-Hydroxylation, the major metabolic pathway for melatonin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1960;40:377-8.
37. Kopin IJ, Pare CMB, Axelrod J, Weissbach H. The fate of melatonin in animals. J Biol Chem 1961;236:3072-5.
38. Kveder S, McIsaac WM. The metabolism of melatonin (N-acetyl-5- methoxytryptamine) and 5-methoxytryptamine. J Biol Chem 1961;236:3214-20.
39. Jones RL, McGeer PL, Greiner AC. Metabolism of exogenous melatonin in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic volunteers. Clin Chim Acta 1969;26:281-5.
40. Leone RM, Silman RE. Melatonin can be differentially metabolized in the rat to produce N-acetylserotonin in addition to 6-hydroxy-melatonin. Endocrinology 1984;114:1825-32.
41. Young IM, Leone RM, Francis P, Stovell P, Silman RE. Melatonin is metabolized to N-acetyl serotonin and 6-hydroxymelatonin in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985;60:114-9.
42. Di W-L, Djahanbakhch O, Kadva A, Street C, Silman R. The pineal and extra-pineal origins of 5-sulphatoxy N-acetyl-serotonin in humans. J Pineal Res 1999;26:221-6.
43. Hardeland R, Reiter RJ, Poeggeler B, Tan DX. The significance of the metabolism of the neurohormone melatonin antioxidative protection and formation of bioactive substances. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1993;17:347-57.
44. Tan DX, Reiter RJ, Manchester LC, Yan MT, El-Sawi M, Sainz RM M JC, et al. Chemical and physical properties and potential mechanisms: melatonin as a broad spectrum antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Curr Top Med Chem 2002;2:181-97.
45. Yeleswaram K, Vachharajani N, Santone K. Involvement of cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes in melatonin metabolism and clinical implications. J Pineal Res 1999;26:190-1.
46. Skene DJ, Papagiannidou E, Hashemi E, Snelling J, Lewis DFW, Fernandez M, et al. Contribution of CYP1A2 in the hepatic metabolism of melatonin: studies with isolated microsomal preparations and liver slices. J Pineal Res 2001;31:333-42.
47. Facciolá G, Hidestrand M, von Bahr C, Tybring G. Cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in melatonin metabolism in human liver microsomes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2001;56:881-8.
48. Ursing C, Wikner J, Brismar K, Röjdmark S. Caffeine raises the serum melatonin level in healthy subjects: an indication of melatonin metabolism by cytochrome P450(CYP)1A2. J Endocrinol Invest 2003;26:403-6.
49. Skene DJ, Bojkowski CJ, Arendt J. Comparison of the effects of acute fluvoxamine and desipramine administration on melatonin and cortisol production in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994;37:181-6.
50. Härtter S, Wang X, Weigmann H, Friedberg T, Arand M, Oesch F, et al. Differential effects of fluvoxamine and other antidepressants on the biotransformation of melatonin. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;21:167-74.
51. Singer SS, Hagedorn JE, Smith DM, Williams JL. The enzymatic basis for the rat liver 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfotransferase activity. J Pineal Res 1995;18:49-55.
52. Honma W, Kamiyama Y, Yoshinari K, Sasano H, Shimada M, Nagata K, et al. Enzymatic characterization and interspecies difference of phenol sulfotransferases, ST1A forms. Drug Metab Dispos 2001;29:274-81.
53. Masubuchi Y, Nakano T, Ose A, Horie T. Differential selectivity in carbamazepine-induced inactivation of cytochrome P450 enzymes in rat and human liver. Arch Toxicol 2001;75:538-43.
54. Daniel WA, Syrek M, Rylko Z, Kot M. Effects of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the rate of caffeine demethylation and hydroxylation in the rat liver. Pol J Pharmacol 2001;53:615-21.
55. Granfors MT, Backman JT, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ. Tizanidine is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 in vitro. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2003;57:349-53.
56. Han XM, Ouyang DS, Chen XP, Shu Y, Jiang CH, Tan ZR, et al. Inducibility of CYP1A2 by omeprazole in vivo related to the genetic polymorphism of CYP1A2. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002;54:540-3.
57. Ono S, Hatanaka T, Miyazawa S, Tsutsui M, Aoyama T, Gonzalez FJ, ST. Human liver microsomal diazepam metabolism using cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450s: role of CYP2B6, 2C19 and the 3A subfamily. Xenobiotica 1996;26:1155-66.
58. Giraud C, Tran A, Rey E, Vincent J, Treluyer JM, Pons G. In vitro characterization of clobazam metabolism by recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes: importance of CYP2C19. Drug Metab Dispos 2004; 32:1279-86.
59. Meyer UA. Metabolic interactions of the proton-pump inhibitors lansoprazole, omeprazole and pantoprazole with other drugs. Eur J Gastoenterol Hepatol 1996;8 Suppl 1:S21-S5.
60. Yu B-N, Chen G-L, He N, Ouyang D-S, Chen X-P, Liu Z-Q, et al. Pharmacokinetics of citalopram in relation to genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19. Drug Metab Dispos 2003;31:1255-9.
61. Raucy JL, Mueller L, Duan K, Allen SW, Strom S, Lasker JM. Expression and induction of CYP2C P450 enzymes in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;302:475-82.
62. Lakehal F, Wurden CJ, Kalhorn TF, Levy RH. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine decrease phenytoin metabolism through inhibition of CYP2C19. Epilepsy Res 2002;52:79-83.
63. Wen X, Wang JS, Kivistö KT, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT. In vitro evaluation of valproic acid as an inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 isoforms: preferential inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001;52:547-53.
64. Beedham C, Smith JA, Steele DL, Wright PA. Chlorpromazine inhibition of melatonin metabolism by normal and induced rat liver microsomes. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokin 1987;12:299-302.
65. Wood SG, John BA, Chasseaud LF, Yeh J, Chung M. The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 14C-cetirizine in humans. Ann Allergy 1987;59:31-4.