Mammalian defensins: Structures and mechanism of antibiotic activity

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Volumn 77, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 466-475

  Sahl, Hans Georg ^a   Pag, Ulrike ^a   Bonness, Sonja ^a   Wagner, Sandra ^a   Antcheva, Nikolinka ^b   Tossi, Alessandro ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TRIESTE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Human defensin 3; Membrane depolarization; Staphylococci

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; DEFENSIN; NISIN;

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; AUTOLYSIS; BACTERIAL CELL WALL; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BINDING KINETICS; CATION TRANSPORT; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONFERENCE PAPER; EFFECTOR CELL; ENZYME ACTIVATION; GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIUM; HOST PARASITE INTERACTION; HUMAN; MACROMOLECULE; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; MEMBRANE STRUCTURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; SOLUTE EFFLUX KINETICS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STRAIN IDENTIFICATION; VIRUS ENVELOPE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; DEFENSINS; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; HUMANS; KINETICS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); FUNGI; MAMMALIA; POSIBACTERIA; STAPHYLOCOCCI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 16844373436     PISSN: 07415400     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0804452     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (58)

1. Boman, H. G. (1998) Gene-encoded peptide antibiotics and the concept of innate immunity: an update review. Scand. J. Immunol. 48, 15-25.
2. Hoffmann, J. A., Kafatos, F. C., Janeway, C. A., Ezekowitz, R. A. (1999) Phylogenetic perspectives in innate immunity. Science 284, 1313-1318.
3. Boman, H.G. (2000) Innate immunity and the normal microflora. Immunol. Rev. 173, 5-16.
4. Ganz, T., Lehrer, R. I. (1998) Antimicrobial peptides of vertebrates. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10, 41-44.
5. Hancock, R. E., Diamond, G. (2000) The role of cationic antimicrobial peptides in innate host defenses. Trends Microbiol. 8, 402-410.
6. Tossi, A., Sandri, L. (2002) Molecular diversity in gene-encoded, cationic antimicrobial polypeptides. Curr. Pharm. Des. 8, 743-761.
7. Zasloff, M. (2002) Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature 415, 389-395.
8. Hancock, R. E., Devine, D. R. (2004) Mammalian Host Defense Peptides, Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 1-4.
9. Ayabe, T., Satchell, D. P., Wilson, C. L., Parks, W. C., Selsted, M. E., Ouellette, A. J. (2000) Secretion of microbicidal α-defensins by intestinal Paneth cells in response to bacteria. Nat. Immunol. 1, 113-118.
10. Harder, J., Bartels, J., Christophers, E., Schroder, J. M. (2001) Isolation and characterization of human β-defensin-3, a novel human inducible peptide antibiotic. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 5707-5713.
11. Nomura, I., Goleva, E., Howell, M. D., Hamid, Q. A., Ong, P. Y., Hall, C. F., Darst, M. A., Gao, B., Boguniewicz, M., Travers, J. B., Leung, D. Y. (2003) Cytokine milieu of atopic dermatitis, as compared to psoriasis, skin prevents induction of innate immune response genes. J. Immunol. 171, 3262-3269.
12. Ong, P. Y., Ohtake, T., Brandt, C., Strickland, I., Boguniewicz, M., Ganz, T., Gallo, R. L., Leung, D. Y. (2002) Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 1151-1160.
13. Cole, A. M., Shi, J., Ceccarelli, A., Kim, Y. H., Park, A., Ganz, T. (2001) Inhibition of neutrophil elastase prevents cathelicidin activation and impairs clearance of bacteria from wounds. Blood 97, 297-304.
14. Nizet, V., Ohtake, T., Lauth, X., Trowbridge, J., Rudisill, J., Dorschner, R. A., Pestonjamasp, V., Piraino, J., Huttner, K., Gallo, R. L. (2001) Innate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection. Nature 414, 454-457.
15. Putsep, K., Carlsson, G., Boman, H. G., Andersson, M. (2002) Deficiency of antibacterial peptides in patients with morbus Kostmann: an observation study. Lancet 360, 1144-1149.
16. Islam, D., Bandholtz, L., Nilsson, J., Wigzell, H., Christensson, B., Agerberth, B., Gudmundsson, G. (2001) Downregulation of bactericidal peptides in enteric infections: a novel immune escape mechanism with bacterial DNA as a potential regulator. Nat. Med. 7, 180-185.
17. Peschel, A. (2002) How do bacteria resist human antimicrobial peptides? Trends Microbiol. 10, 179-186.
18. Gunn, J. S., Ryan, S. S., Van Velkinburgh, J. C., Ernst, R. K., Miller, S. I. (2000) Genetic and functional analysis of a PmrA-PmrB-regulated locus necessary for lipopolysaccharide modification, antimicrobial peptide resistance, and oral virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. Infect. Immun. 68, 6139-6146.
19. Peschel, A., Jack, R. W., Otto, M., Collins, L. V., Staubitz, P., Nicholson, G., Kalbacher, H., Nieuwenhuizen, W. F., Jung, G., Tarkowski, A., Van Kessel, K. P., Van Strijp, J. A. (2001) Staphylococcus aureus resistance to human defensins and evasion of neutrophil killing via the novel virulence factor MprF is based on modification of membrane lipids with L-lysine. J. Exp. Med. 193, 1067-1076.
20. Collins, L. V., Kristian, S. A., Weidenmaier, C., Faigle, M., Van Kessel, K. P., Van Strijp, J. A., Gotz, F., Neumeister, B., Peschel, A. (2002) Staphylococcus aureus strains lacking D-alanine modifications of teichoic acids are highly susceptible to human neutrophil killing and are virulence attenuated in mice. J. Infect. Dis. 186, 214-219.
21. Kristian, S. A., Durr, M., Van Strijp, J. A., Neumeister, B., Peschel, A. (2003) MprF-mediated lysinylation of phospholipids in Staphylococcus aureus leads to protection against oxygen-independent neutrophil killing. Infect. Immun. 71, 546-549.
22. Yang, D., Chertov, O., Bykovskaia, S. N., Chen, Q., Buffo, M. J., Shogan, J., Anderson, M., Schroder, J. M., Wang, J. M., Howard, O. M., Oppenheim, J. J. (1999) β-Defensins: linking innate and adaptive immunity through dendritic and T cell CCR6. Science 286, 525-528.
23. Yang, D., Biragyn, A., Kwak, L. W., Oppenheim, J. J. (2002) Mammalian defensins in immunity: more than just microbicidal. Trends Immunol. 23, 291-296.
24. Yang, D., Biragyn, A., Hoover, D. M., Lubkowski, J., Oppenheim, J. J. (2004) Multiple roles of antimicrobial defensins, cathelicidins, and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in host defense. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22, 181-215.
25. Tossi, A., Sandri, L., Giangaspero, A. (2000) Amphipathic, α-helical antimicrobial peptides. Biopolymers 55, 4-30.
26. Andreu, D., Rivas, L. (1998) Animal antimicrobial peptides: an overview. Biopolymers 47, 415-433.
27. Oren, Z., Shai, Y. (1998) Mode of action of linear amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptides. Biopolymers 47, 451-463.
28. Tossi, A., ed. (2000) Biopolymers 55, Wiley and Sons, New York, 1-98.
29. Andreu, D., ed. (1998) Biopolymers 47, Wiley and Sons, New York, 413-497,
30. Huang, H. W. (2000) Action of antimicrobial peptides: two-state model. Biochemistry 39, 8347-8352.
31. Matsuzaki, K., Sugishita, K., Ishibe, N., Ueha, M., Nakata, S., Miyajima, K., Epand, R. M. (1998) Relationship of membrane curvature to the formation of pores by magainin 2. Biochemistry 37, 11856-11863.
32. Hancock, R. E., Rozek, A. (2002) Role of membranes in the activities of antimicrobial cationic peptides. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 206, 143-149.
33. Shai, Y. (2002) Mode of action of membrane active antimicrobial peptides. Biopolymers 66, 236-248.
34. Matsuzaki, K., Murase, O., Fujii, N., Miyajima, K. (1996) An antimicrobial peptide, magainin 2, induced rapid flip-flop of phospholipids coupled with pore formation and peptide translocation. Biochemistry 35, 11361-11368.
35. Park, C. B., Kim, H. S., Kim, S. C. (1998) Mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide buforin II: buforin II kills microorganisms by penetrating the cell membrane and inhibiting cellular functions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244, 253-257.
36. Takeshima, K., Chikushi, A., Lee, K. K., Yonehara, S., Matsuzaki, K. (2003) Translocation of analogues of the antimicrobial peptides magainin and buforin across human cell membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 1310-1315.
37. Lehrer, R. (2004) Overview: antimicrobial peptides, as seen from a rearview mirror. In Mammalian Host Defense Peptides (R. E. Hancock, D. R. Devine, eds.), Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 5-8.
38. Bierbaum, G., Sahl, H. (1991) Induction of autolysis of Staphylococcus simulans 22 by Pep5 and nisin and influence of the cationic peptides on the activity of the autolytic enzymes. In Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics (G. Jung, H. Sahl, eds.), Leiden, The Netherlands, Escom, 386-396.
39. Sahl, H. G., Bierbaum, G. (1998) Lantibiotics: biosynthesis and biological activities of uniquely modified peptides from gram-positive bacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 52, 41-79.
40. Ruhr, E., Sahl, H. G. (1985) Mode of action of the peptide antibiotic nisin and influence on the membrane potential of whole cells and on cytoplasmic and artificial membrane vesicles. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 27, 841-845.
41. Sahl, H. (1991) Pore formation in bacterial membranes by cationic lantibiotics. In Nisin and Novel Lantibiotics (G. Jung, H. Sahl, eels.), Leiden, The Netherlands, Escom, 347-358.
42. Driessen, A. J., van den Hooven, H. W., Kuiper, W., van de Kamp, M., Sahl, H. G., Konings, R. N., Konings, W. N. (1995) Mechanistic studies of lantibiotic-induced permeabilization of phospholipid vesicles. Biochemistry 34, 1606-1614.
43. Brotz, H., Bierbaum, G., Reynolds, P. E., Sahl, H. G. (1997) The lantibiotic mersacidin inhibits peptidoglycan biosynthesis at the level of transglycosylation. Eur. J. Biochem. 246, 193-199.
44. Brotz, H., Josten, M., Wiedemann, I., Schneider, U., Gotz, F., Bierbaum, G., Sahl, H. G. (1998) Role of lipid-bound peptidoglycan precursors in the formation of pores by nisin, epidermin and other lantibiotics. Mol. Microbiol. 30, 317-327.
45. Breukink, E., Wiedemann, I., van Kraaij, C., Kuipers, O. P., Sahl, H., de Kruijff, B. (1999) Use of the cell wall precursor lipid II by a pore-forming peptide antibiotic. Science 286, 2361-2364.
46. Wiedemann, I., Breukink, E., van Kraaij, C., Kuipers, O. P., Bierbaum, G., de Kruijff, B., Sahl, H. G. (2001) Specific binding of nisin to the peptidoglycan precursor lipid II combines pore formation and inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis for potent antibiotic activity. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 1772-1779.
47. Bierbaum, G., Sahl, H. G. (1987) Autolytic system of Staphylococcus simulans 22: influence of cationic peptides on activity of N-acetylmuramoyl-L- alanine amidase. J. Bacteriol. 169, 5452-5458.
48. Ginsburg, I. (2001) Cationic peptides from leukocytes might kill bacteria by activating their autolytic enzymes causing bacteriolysis: why are publications proposing this concept never acknowledged? Blood 97, 2530-2531.
49. Zimmermann, G. R., Legault, P., Selsted, M. E., Pardi, A. (1995) Solution structure of bovine neutrophil β-defensin-12: the peptide fold of the β-defensins is identical to that of the classical defensins. Biochemistry 34, 13663-13671.
50. Hoover, D. M., Rajashankar, K. R., Blumenthal, R., Puri, A., Oppenheim, J. J., Chertov, O., Lubkowski, J. (2000) The structure of human β-defensin-2 shows evidence of higher order oligomerization. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 32911-32918.
51. Bauer, F., Schweimer, K., Kluver, E., Conejo-Garcia, J. R., Forssmann, W. G., Rosch, P., Adermann, K., Sticht, H. (2001) Structure determination of human and murine β-defensins reveals structural conservation in the absence of significant sequence similarity. Protein Sci. 10, 2470-2479.
52. Hoover, D. M., Chertov, O., Lubkowski, J. (2001) The structure of human β-defensin-1: new insights into structural properties of β-defensins. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 39021-39026.
53. Schibli, D. J., Hunter, H. N., Aseyev, V., Starner, T. D., Wiencek, J. M., McCray, P. B., Tack, B. F., Vogel, H. J. (2002) The solution structures of the human β-defensins lead to a better understanding of the potent bactericidal activity of hBD3 against Staphylococcus aureus. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 8279-8289.
54. Boniotto, M., Antcheva, N., Zelezetsky, I., Tossi, A., Palumbo, V., Verga Falzacappa, M. V., Sgubin, S., Braida, L., Amoroso, A., Crovella, S. (2003) A study of host defense peptide β-defensin 3 in primates. Biochem. J. 374, 707-714.
55. Antcheva, N., Boniotto, M., Zelezetsky, I., Pacor, S., Falzacappa, M. V., Crovella, S., Tossi, A. (2004) Effects of positively selected sequence variations in human and Macaca fascicularis β-defensins 2 on antimicrobial activity. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48, 685-688.
56. Tossi, A., Tarantino, C., Romeo, D. (1997) Design of synthetic antimicrobial peptides based on sequence analogy and amphipathicity. Eur. J. Biochem. 250, 549-558.
57. Pag, U., Oedenkoven, M., Papo, N., Oren, Z., Shai, Y., Sahl, H. G. (2004) In vitro activity and mode of action of diastereomeric antimicrobial peptides against bacterial clinical isolates. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 53, 230-239.
58. Patrzykat, A., Friedrich, C. L., Zhang, L., Mendoza, V., Hancock, R. E. (2002) Sublethal concentrations of pleurocidin-derived antimicrobial peptides inhibit macromolecular synthesis in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46, 605-614.