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Rajapurohitam V, Gan XT, Kirshenbaum LA, Karmazyn M. The obesity-associated peptide leptin induces hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Circ Res 2003; 93:277-279. This article demonstrates that leptin has a direct hypertrophic effect on cultured neonatal rodent myocytes. However, neonatal myocyte trophic responses to leptin may be significantly different from adult myocardial cell responses.
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Barouch LA, Berkowitz DE, Harrison RW, et al. Disruption of leptin signaling contributes to cardiac hypertrophy independently of body weight in mice. Circulation 2003; 108:754-759. This important article demonstrates that leptin possesses anti-hypertrophic effects in the hearts of adult mice. It is suggested that impaired leptin signaling may play an important role in the pathogenesis of left ventricular hypertrophy.
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Barouch, L.A.1
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Nickola MW, Wold LE, Colligan PB, et al. Leptin attenuates cardiac contraction in rat ventricular myocytes: role of NO. Hypertension 2000; 36:501-505.
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Leptin is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction
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Soderberg S, Ahren B, Jansson JH, et al. Leptin is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction. J Intern Med 1999; 246:409-418.
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High leptin levels are associated with stroke
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Soderberg S, Stegmayr B, Ahlbeck-Glader C, et al. High leptin levels are associated with stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2003; 15:63-69. This article reports a case-control study suggesting that leptin might be associated with stroke.
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Oda A, Taniguchi T, Yokoyama M. Leptin stimulates rat aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Kobe J Med Sci 2001; 47:141-150.
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Kobe J Med Sci
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Parhami F, Tintut Y, Ballard A, et al. Leptin enhances the calcification of vascular cells: artery wall as a target of leptin. Circ Res 2001; 88:954-960.
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Neointimal formation after endovascular arterial injury is markedly attenuated in db/db mice
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Stephenson K, Tunstead J, Tsai A, et al. Neointimal formation after endovascular arterial injury is markedly attenuated in db/db mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23:2027-2033. This article shows that impaired leptin signaling in leptin-receptor-deficient db/db mice substantially reduces (by 90%) neointimal formation after endovascular experimental lesion, suggesting a role of leptin in the restenosis process.
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Leptin induces mitochondrial superoxide production and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells by increasing fatty acid oxidation via protein kinase A
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Yamagishi SI, Edelstein D, Du XL, et al. Leptin induces mitochondrial superoxide production and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells by increasing fatty acid oxidation via protein kinase A. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:25096-25100.
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Beltowski J, Wojcicka G, Jamroz A. Leptin decreases plasma paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and induces oxidative stress: the possible novel mechanism for proatherogenic effect of chronic hyperleptinemia. Atherosclerosis 2003; 170:21-29. This important article shows that leptin-dependent reductions of PON1 are followed by increased oxidative stress in rats. Chronic increases in leptin-induced oxidative stress could potentially contribute to atherogenesis.
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Atherosclerosis
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Maingrette F, Renier G. Leptin increases lipoprotein lipase secretion by macrophages: involvement of oxidative stress and protein kinase C. Diabetes 2003; 52:2121-2128.
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Kazumi T, Kawaguchi A, Hirano T, Yoshino G. C-reactive protein in young, apparently healthy men: associations with serum leptin, QTc interval, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Metabolism 2003; 52:1113-1116.
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Influence of leptin on arterial distensibility: A novel link between obesity and cardiovascular disease?
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Singhal A, Farooqi IS, Cole TJ, et al. Influence of leptin on arterial distensibility: a novel link between obesity and cardiovascular disease? Circulation 2002; 106:1919-1924.
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Leptin-dependent platelet aggregation and arterial thrombosis suggests a mechanism for atherothrombotic disease in obesity
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Konstantinides S, Schafer K, Koschnick S, Loskutoff DJ. Leptin-dependent platelet aggregation and arterial thrombosis suggests a mechanism for atherothrombotic disease in obesity. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:1533-1540.
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Bodary PF, Westrick RJ, Wickenheiser KJ, et al. Effect of leptin on arterial thrombosis following vascular injury in mice. JAMA 2002; 287:1706-1709.
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Maruyama I, Nakata M, Yamaji K. Effect of leptin in platelet and endothelial cells. Obesity and arterial thrombosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 902:315-319.
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Soderberg S, Olsson T, Eliasson M, et al. Plasma leptin levels are associated with abnormal fibrinolysis in men and postmenopausal women. J Intern Med 1999; 245:533-543.
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