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For examples, see: a) K. Faber, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 5005-5010; b) R. Noyori, M. Tokunaga, M. Kitamura, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 36-56; c) R. S. Ward, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1995, 6, 1475-1490.
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For examples, see: a) K. Faber, Chem. Eur. J. 2001, 7, 5005-5010; b) R. Noyori, M. Tokunaga, M. Kitamura, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1995, 68, 36-56; c) R. S. Ward, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1995, 6, 1475-1490.
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Ward, R.S.1
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4
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For chemoenzymatic DKR, see: a) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Trends Biotechnol. 2004, 22, 130-135; b) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 3247-3262; c) F. F. Huerta, A. B. E. Minidis, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2001, 30, 321-331; d) M.-J. Kim, Y. Ahn, J. Park, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 13, 578-587; e) M. T. El Gihani, J. M. J. Williams, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 1999, 3, 11-15; f) R. Stürmer, Angew. Chem. 1997, 109, 1221-1222; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 1173-1174.
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For chemoenzymatic DKR, see: a) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Trends Biotechnol. 2004, 22, 130-135; b) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 3247-3262; c) F. F. Huerta, A. B. E. Minidis, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2001, 30, 321-331; d) M.-J. Kim, Y. Ahn, J. Park, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 13, 578-587; e) M. T. El Gihani, J. M. J. Williams, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 1999, 3, 11-15; f) R. Stürmer, Angew. Chem. 1997, 109, 1221-1222; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 1173-1174.
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7
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For chemoenzymatic DKR, see: a) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Trends Biotechnol. 2004, 22, 130-135; b) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 3247-3262; c) F. F. Huerta, A. B. E. Minidis, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2001, 30, 321-331; d) M.-J. Kim, Y. Ahn, J. Park, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 13, 578-587; e) M. T. El Gihani, J. M. J. Williams, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 1999, 3, 11-15; f) R. Stürmer, Angew. Chem. 1997, 109, 1221-1222; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 1173-1174.
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0033023975
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For chemoenzymatic DKR, see: a) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Trends Biotechnol. 2004, 22, 130-135; b) O. Pàmies, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 3247-3262; c) F. F. Huerta, A. B. E. Minidis, J.-E. Bäckvall, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2001, 30, 321-331; d) M.-J. Kim, Y. Ahn, J. Park, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 13, 578-587; e) M. T. El Gihani, J. M. J. Williams, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 1999, 3, 11-15; f) R. Stürmer, Angew. Chem. 1997, 109, 1221-1222; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 1173-1174.
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Williams, J.M.J.2
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9
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Stürmer, R.1
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38
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11144318381
-
-
note
-
Immobilized and commercially available as Novozym-435.
-
-
-
-
39
-
-
11144344296
-
-
note
-
Under the same reaction conditions, (2-naphthyl)-1-ethanol gave (2-naphthyl)-1-ethanol acetate in 100% yield but 0% ee.
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
11144270733
-
-
note
-
3. After 6 min the alcohol was added and the mixture was stirred for 4 min. Finally, isopropenyl acetate was added.
-
-
-
-
41
-
-
11144285153
-
-
note
-
To control the water activity, the enzyme was stored in a sealed container with a saturated solution of LiCl for a minimum of 24 h. An excess of KOtBu is needed to consume the water in the reaction mixture. To test this hypothesis, DKR of 4 a was carried out under the same reaction conditions as in Table 1, entry 4, but employing 40 mg of CALB instead of 6 mg. Acetate 5a was obtained in only 57% yield after 3 h.
-
-
-
-
42
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2942544978
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a) R. M. Bulloc, Chem. Eur. J. 2004, 10, 2366-2374, and references therein;
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Casey, C.P.1
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46
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33845280102
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-
NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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Bianchi, D.1
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47
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0028938772
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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Legros, J.Y.1
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48
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0025915122
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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0027159499
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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Brown, S.M.1
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50
-
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0033972206
-
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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NMR data can be found in the following references: 5a: D. Bianchi, P. Cesti, E. Battistel, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 5531-5535; 5b: J. Y. Legros, M. Toffano, J.-C. Fiaud, Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 3235-3246; 5c: B. R. Rao, M. E. N. Nambudiry, Synth. Commun. 1991, 21, 1721-1727; 5d: S. M. Brown, S. G. Davies, J. A. A. de Sousa, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 1993, 4, 813-822; 5e: Y. Kita, Y. Takebe, K. Murata, T. Naka, S. Akai, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 83-88; 5f: A. Kamal, M. Sandbhor, K. V. Ramana, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2002, 13, 815-820; 5h: reference [5b]; 7: J. S. Wallace, B. W. Baldwin, C. J. Morrow, J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 5231-5239.
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(1992)
J. Org. Chem.
, vol.57
, pp. 5231-5239
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Wallace, J.S.1
Baldwin, B.W.2
Morrow, C.J.3
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53
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11144309818
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note
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Stirring for 10 min gave essentially the same result but stirring for 1.5 h gave less-reproducible results.
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