Regulation of human breast epithelial stem cells

Cell Proliferation, Supplement

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 45-58

  Clarke, Robert B ^a   Anderson, Elizabeth ^a   Howell, Anthony ^a   Potten, Christopher S ^b  

^a CHRISTIE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b Epistem Ltd   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA; PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR; PROTEIN P21; STEROID RECEPTOR;

BREAST CANCER; BREAST CARCINOGENESIS; CELL DIVISION; CELL PROLIFERATION; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MAMMARY GLAND; REVIEW; STEM CELL; TUMOR CELL;

MUS MUSCULUS;

EID: 0346244047     PISSN: 14778408     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2184.36.s.1.5.x     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. ALVI AJ, CLAYTON H, JOSHI C, ENVER T, ASHWORTH A, VIVANCO MM, DALE TC, SMALLEY MJ (2002) Functional and molecular characterisation of mammary side population cells. Breast Cancer Res. 5, R1.
2. BRISKEN C, PARK S, VASS T, LYDON JP, O'MALLEY BW, WEINBERG RA (1998) A paracrine role for the epithelial progesterone receptor in mammary gland development. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 5076.
3. CAIRNS J (1975) Mutation selection and the natural history of cancer. Nature 255, 197.
4. CHENG T, RODRIGUES N, SHEN H, YANG Y, DOMBKOWSKI D, SYKES M, SCADDEN DT (2000) Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence maintained by p21cip1/waf1. Science 287, 1804.
5. CHEPKO G, SMITH GH (1997) Three division-competent, structurally- distinct cell populations contribute to murine mammary epithelial renewal. Tissue Cell 29, 239.
6. CLARKE RB, HOWELL A, POTTEN CS, ANDERSON E (1997) Dissociation between steroid receptor expression and cell proliferation in the human breast. Cancer Res. 57, 4987.
7. DANIEL CW, DE OME KB, YOUNG JT, BLAIR PB, FAULKIN LJ, JR (1968) The in vivo life span of normal and preneoplastic mouse mammary glands: a serial transplantation study. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 61, 53.
8. DANIEL CW, YOUNG LJ (1971) Influence of cell division on an aging process. Life span of mouse mammary epithelium during serial propagation in vivo. Exp. Cell Res. 65, 27.
9. DAWSON EK (1934) A histological study of the normal mamma in relation to tumour growth. Edinburgh Med. J. 41, 653.
10. DENG G, LU Y, ZLOTNIKOV G, THOR AD, SMITH HS (1996) Loss of heterozygosity in normal tissue adjacent to breast carcinomas. Science 274, 2057.
11. DEOME KB, FAULKIN LJ JR, BERN HA, BLAIR PB (1959) Development of mammary tumors from hyperplastic alveolar nodules transplanted into gland-free mammary fat pads of female C3H mice. Cancer Res. 19, 515.
12. DEXTER TM, SPOONCER E (1987) Growth and differentiation in the hemopoietic system. Ann. Rev. Cell. Biol. 3, 423.
13. DIALLO R, SCHAEFER KL, POREMBA C, SHIVAZI N, WILLMANN V, BUERGER H, DOCKHORN-DWORNICZAK B, BOECKER W (2001) Monoclonality in normal epithelium and in hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions of the breast. J. Pathol. 193, 27.
14. DONTU G, AL-HAAJ M, ABDULLAH WM, CLARKE MF, WICHA MS (2003) Stem cells in normal breast development and breast cancer. Cell Prolifer 36 (Suppl. 1).
15. FERGUSON DJ (1985) Ultrastructural characterisation of the proliferative (stem?) cells within the parenchyma of the normal 'resting' breast. Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Anat. Histopathol. 407, 379.
16. FUCHS E, SEGRE JA (2000) Stem cells: a new lease on life. Cell 100, 143.
17. GOOD P, YODA A, SAKAKIBARA S, YAMAMOTO A, IMAI T, SAWA H, IKEUCHI T, TSUJI S, SATOH H, OKANO H (1998) The human Musashi homolog 1 (MSI1) gene encoding the homologue of Musashi/Nrp-1, a neural RNA-binding protein putatively expressed in CNS stem cells and neural progenitor cells. Genomics 52, 382.
18. GOODELL MA, ROSENZWEIG M, KIM H, MARKS DF, DEMARIA M, PARADIS G, GRUPP SA, SIEFF CA, MULLIGAN RC, JOHNSON RP (1997) Dye efflux studies suggest that hematopoietic stem cells expressing low or undetectable levels of CD34 antigen exist in multiple species. Nat. Med. 3, 1337.
19. GUDJONSSON T, VILLADSEN R, NIELSEN HL, RONNOV-JESSEN L, BISSELL MJ, PETERSEN OW (2002) Isolation, immortalization, and characterization of a human breast epithelial cell line with stem cell properties. Genes Dev. 16, 693.
20. HOSHINO K, GARDNER WU (1967) Transplantability and life span of mammary gland during serial transplantation in mice. Nature 213, 193.
21. IMAI T, TOKUNAGA A, YOSHIDA T, HASHIMOTO M, MIKOSHIBA K, WEINMASTER G, NAKAFUKU M, OKANO H (2001) The neural RNA-binding protein Musashi1 translationally regulates mammalian numb gene expression by interacting with its mRNA. Mol. Cell Biol. 21, 3888.
22. JACKSON KA, MI T, GOODELL MA (1999) Hematopoietic potential of stem cells isolated from murine skeletal muscle. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 14482.
23. JENSEN UB, LOWELL S, WATT FM (1999) The spatial relationship between stem cells and their progeny in the basal layer of human epidermis: a new view based on whole-mount labelling and lineage analysis. Development 126, 2409.
24. JONES PH (1997) Epithelial stem cells. Bioessays 19, 683.
25. KANEKO Y, SAKAKIBARA S, IMAI T, SUZUKI A, NAKAMURA Y, SAWAMOTO K, OGAWA Y, TOYAMA Y, MIYATA T, OKANO H (2000) Musashi1: an evolutionally conserved marker for CNS progenitor cells including neural stem cells. Dev. Neurosci. 22, 139.
26. KANEMURA Y, MORI K, SAKAKIBARA S, FUJIKAWA H, HAYASHI H, NAKANO A, MATSUMOTO T, TAMURA K, IMAI T, OHNISHI T, FUSHIKI S, NAKAMURA Y, YAMASAKI M, OKANO H, ARITA N (2001) Musashi1, an evolutionarily conserved neural RNA-binding protein, is a versatile marker of human glioma cells in determining their cellular origin, malignancy, and proliferative activity. Differentiation 68, 141.
27. KOLODKA TM, GARLICK JA, TAICHMAN LB (1998) Evidence for keratinocyte stem cells in vitro: long term engraftment and persistence of transgene expression from retrovirus-transduced keratinocytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 4356.
28. KOPAN R (2002) Notch: a membrane-bound transcription factor. J. Cell Sci. 115, 1095.
29. KORDON EC, SMITH GH (1998) An entire functional mammary gland may comprise the progeny from a single cell. Development 125, 1921.
30. KORSCHING E, PACKEISEN J, AGELOPOULOS K, EISENACHER M, VOSS R, ISOLA J, VAN DIEST PJ, BRANDT B, BOECKER W, BUERGER H (2002) Cytogenetic alterations and cytokeratin expression patterns in breast cancer: integrating a new model of breast differentiation into cytogenetic pathways of breast carcinogenesis. Lab. Invest. 82, 1525.
31. LAKHANI SR, CHAGGAR R, DAVIES S, JONES C, COLLINS N, ODEL C, STRATTON MR, O'HARE MJ (1999) Genetic alterations in 'normal' luminal and myoepithelial cells of the breast. J. Pathol. 189, 496.
32. LAKHANI SR, SLACK DN, HAMOUDI RA, COLLINS N, STRATTON MR, SLOANE JP (1996) Detection of allelic imbalance indicates that a proportion of mammary hyperplasia of usual type are clonal, neoplastic proliferations. Lab. Invest. 74, 129.
33. LI P, BARRACLOUGH R, FERNIG DG, SMITH JA, RUDLAND PS (1998) Stem cells in breast epithelia. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 79, 193.
34. LOWELL S, JONES P, LE ROUX I, DUNNE J, WATT FM (2000) Stimulation of human epidermal differentiation by delta-notch signalling at the boundaries of stem-cell clusters. Curr. Biol. 10, 491.
35. MACKENZIE IC (1997) Retroviral transduction of murine epidermal stem cells demonstrates clonal units of epidermal structure. J. Invest. Dermatol. 109, 377.
36. MCGREGOR H, LAND CE, CHOI K, TOKUOKA S, LIU PI, WAKABAYASHI T, BEEBE GW (1977) Breast cancer incidence among atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1950-69. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 59, 799.
37. MCKINNEY-FREEMAN SL, JACKSON KA, CAMARGO FD, FERRARI G, MAVILIO F, GOODELL MA (2002) Muscle-derived hematopoietic stem cells are hematopoietic in origin. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1341.
38. MICHEL M, TOROK N, GODBOUT MJ, LUSSIER M, GAUDREAU P, ROYAL A, GERMAIN L (1996) Keratin 19 as a biochemical marker of skin stem cells in vivo and in vitro: keratin 19 expressing cells are differentially localized in function of anatomic sites, and their number varies with donor age and culture stage. J. Cell Sci. 109, 1017.
39. NAKAMURA M, OKANO H, BLENDY JA, MONTELL C (1994) Musashi, a neural RNA-binding protein required for Drosophila adult external sensory organ development. Neuron 13, 67.
40. OKABE M, IMAI T, KURUSU M, HIROMI Y, OKANO H (2001) Translational repression determines a neuronal potential in Drosophila asymmetric cell division. Nature 411, 94.
41. OKANO H, IMAI T, OKABE M (2002) Musashi: a translational regulator of cell fate. J. Cell Sci. 115, 1355.
42. ORKIN SH (2000) Diversification of haematopoietic stem cells to specific lineages. Nat. Rev. Genet. 1, 57.
43. ORMEROD EJ, RUDLAND PS (1986) Regeneration of mammary glands in vivo from isolated mammary ducts. J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 96, 229.
44. PECHOUX C, GUDJONSSON T, RONNOV-JESSEN L, BISSELL MJ, PETERSEN OW (1999) Human mammary luminal epithelial cells contain progenitors to myoepithelial cells. Dev. Biol. 206, 88.
45. PEROU CM, JEFFREY SS, VAN DE RIJN M, REES CA, EISEN MB, ROSS DT, PERGAMENSCHIKOV A, WILLIAMS CF, ZHU SX, LEE JC, LASHKARI D, SHALON D, BROWN PO, BOTSTEIN D (1999) Distinctive gene expression patterns in human mammary epithelial cells and breast cancers. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 9212.
46. PEROU CM, SORLIE T, EISEN MB, VAN DE RIJN M, JEFFREY SS, REES CA, POLLACK JR, ROSS DT, JOHNSEN H, AKSLEN LA, FLUGE O, PERGAMENSCHIKOV A, WILLIAMS C, ZHU SX, LONNING PE, BORRESEN-DALE AL, BROWN PO, BOTSTEIN D (2000) Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 406, 747.
47. PETERSEN OW, HOYER PE, VAN DEURS B (1987) Frequency and distribution of estrogen receptor-positive cells in normal, nonlactating human breast tissue. Cancer Res. 47, 5748.
48. POTTEN CS, BOOTH C, TUDOR GL, BOOTH D, BRADY G, HURLEY P, ASHTON G, CLARKE R, SAKAKIBARA S, OKANO H (2003) Identification of a putative intestinal stem cell and early lineage marker; Musashi-1. Differentiation 71, 28.
49. POTTEN CS, LOEFFLER M (1990) Stem cells: attributes, cycles, spirals, pitfalls and uncertainties. Lessons for and from the crypt. Development 110, 1001.
50. POTTEN CS, MORRIS RJ (1988) Epithelial stem cells in vivo. J. Cell Sci. Supplement 10, 45.
51. POTTEN CS, OWEN G, BOOTH D (2002) Intestinal stem cells protect their genome by selective segregation of template DNA strands. J. Cell Sci. 115, 2381.
52. RUSSO J, AO X, GRILL C, RUSSO IH (1999) Pattern of distribution of cells positive for estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor in relation to proliferating cells in the mammary gland. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 53, 217.
53. RUSSO IH, RUSSO J (1978a) Developmental stage of the rat mammary gland as determinant of its susceptibility to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 61, 1439.
54. RUSSO J, RUSSO IH (1978b) DNA labeling index and structure of the rat mammary gland as determinants of its susceptibility to carcinogenesis. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 61, 1451.
55. SAJI S, JENSEN EV, NILSSON S, RYLANDER T, WARNER M, GUSTAFSSON JA (2000) Estrogen receptors alpha and beta in the rodent mammary gland. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97, 337.
56. SAKAKIBARA S, IMAI T, HAMAGUCHI K, OKABE M, ARUGA J, NAKAJIMA K, YASUTOMI D, NAGATA T, KURIHARA Y, UESUGI S, MIYATA T, OGAWA M, MIKOSHIBA K, OKANO H (1996) Mouse Musashi-1, a neural RNA-binding protein highly enriched in the mammalian CNS stem cell. Dev. Biol. 176, 230.
57. SEAGROVES TN, LYDON JP, HOVEY RC, VONDERHAAR BK, ROSEN JM (2000) C/EBPbeta (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein) controls cell fate determination during mammary gland development. Mol. Endocrinol. 14, 359.
58. SHOKER BS, JARVIS C, CLARKE RB, ANDERSON E, HEWLETT J, DAVIES MP, SIBSON DR, SLOANE JP (1999) Estrogen receptor-positive proliferating cells in the normal and precancerous breast. Am. J. Pathol. 155, 1811.
59. SMALLEY MJ, TITLEY J, PATERSON H, PERUSINGHE N, CLARKE C, O'HARE MJ (1999) Differentiation of separated mouse mammary luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells cultured on EHS matrix analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence of cytoskeletal antigens. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47, 1513.
60. SMITH GH (2002) Mammary cancer and epithelial stem cells: a problem or a solution? Breast Cancer Res. 4, 47.
61. SMITH GH, CHEPKO G (2001) Mammary epithelial stem cells. Microsc. Res. Techn. 52, 190.
62. SMITH GH, MEDINA D (1988) A morphologically distinct candidate for an epithelial stem cell in mouse mammary gland. J. Cell Sci. 90, 173.
63. SMITH CA, MONAGHAN P, NEVILLE AM (1984) Basal clear cells of the normal human breast. Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Anal. Histopathol. 402, 319.
64. SMITH GH, STRICKLAND P, DANIEL CW (2002) Putative epithelial stem cell loss corresponds with mammary growth senescence. Cell Tissue Res. 310, 313.
65. SORLIE T, PEROU CM, TIBSHIRANI R, AAS T, GEISLER S, JOHNSEN H, HASTIE T, EISEN MB, VAN DE RIJN M, JEFFREY SS, THORSEN T, QUIST H, MATESE JC, BROWN PO, BOTSTEIN D, EYSTEIN LONNING P, BORRESEN-DALE AL (2001) Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 10869.
66. STINGL J, EAVES CJ, KUUSK U, EMERMAN JT (1998) Phenotypic and functional characterization in vitro of a multipotent epithelial cell present in the normal adult human breast. Differentiation 63, 201.
67. STINGL J, EAVES CJ, ZANDIEH I, EMERMAN JT (2001) Characterization of bipotent mammary epithelial progenitor cells in normal adult human breast tissue. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 67, 93.
68. TAYLOR-PAPADIMITRIOU J, STAMPFER M, BARTEK J, LEWIS A, BOSHELL M, LANE EB, LEIGH IM (1989) Keratin expression in human mammary epithelial cells cultured from normal and malignant tissue: relation to in vivo phenotypes and influence of medium. J. Cell Sci. 94, 403.
69. TOPLEY GI, OKUYAMA R, GONZALES JG, CONTI C, DOTTO GP (1999) p21 (WAF1/Cip1) functions as a suppressor of malignant skin tumor formation and a determinant of keratinocyte stem-cell potential. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 9089.
70. TSAI YC, LU Y, NICHOLS PW, ZLOTNIKOV G, JONES PA, SMITH HS (1996) Contiguous patches of normal human mammary epithelium derived from a single stem cell: implications for breast carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 56, 402.
71. WATT FM (1998) Epidermal stem cells: markers, patterning and the control of stem cell fate. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 353, 831.
72. WELLINGS SR, JENSEN HM, MARCUM RG (1975) An atlas of subgross pathology of the human breast with special reference to possible precancerous lesions. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 55, 231.
73. WELM BE, TEPERA SB, VENEZIA T, GRAUBERT TA, ROSEN JM, GOODELL MA (2002) Sca-1 (pos) cells in the mouse mammary gland represent an enriched progenitor cell population. Dev. Biol. 245, 42.
74. YOUNG LJ, MEDINA D, DEOME KB, DANIEL CW (1971) The influence of host and tissue age on life span and growth rate of serially transplanted mouse mammary gland. Exp. Gerontol. 6, 49.
75. ZEPS N, BENTEL JM, PAPADIMITRIOU JM, D'ANTUONO MF, DAWKINS HJ (1998) Estrogen receptor-negative epithelial cells in mouse mammary gland development and growth. Differentiation 62, 221.
76. ZEPS N, DAWKINS HJ, PAPADIMITRIOU JM, REDMOND SL, WALTERS MI (1996) Detection of a population of long-lived cells in mammary epithelium of the mouse. Cell Tissue Res. 286, 525.
77. ZHOU S, SCHUETZ JD, BUNTING KD, COLAPIETRO AM, SAMPATH J, MORRIS JJ, LAGUTINA I, GROSVELD GC, OSAWA M, NAKAUCHI H, SORRENTINO BP (2001) The ABC transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is expressed in a wide variety of stem cells and is a molecular determinant of the side-population phenotype. Nat. Med. 7, 1028.