Analysis of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug literature for potential developmental toxicity in rats and rabbits

Birth Defects Research Part B - Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology

Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 5-26

  Cook, Jon C ^a,d   Jacobson, Catherine F ^b,c   Gao, Feng ^a   Tassinari, Melissa S ^a   Hurtt, Mark E ^a   DeSesso, John M ^b  

^a PFIZER GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^b NOBLIS   (United States)

^c 3M COMPANY   (United States)

^d PFIZER INC   (United States)

Author keywords

Aspirin; Developmental anomalies; Diaphragmatic hernia; Gastroschisis; Midline defect; Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs; Rabbit; Rat; Ventricular septal defect

Indexed keywords

ACEMETACIN; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALMINOPROFEN; AMINOPHENAZONE; AMPIROXICAM; BENZYDAMINE; CARPROFEN; CYCLOOXYGENASE 1; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; DIFLUNISAL; ETODOLAC; ETOFENAMATE; FEPRAZONE; IBUPROFEN; INDOMETACIN; INDOMETACIN FARNESIL; MELOXICAM; MIROPROFEN; MOFEZOLAC; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PIMEPROFEN; PIROXICAM; PIRPROFEN; SALICYLIC ACID; SUPROFEN; TENIDAP; TENOXICAM; UFENAMATE; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZALTOPROFEN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER; DIAPHRAGM HERNIA; DRUG EXPOSURE; DRUG MEGADOSE; ENZYME INHIBITION; GASTROSCHISIS; HEART VENTRICLE SEPTUM DEFECT; INCIDENCE; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RABBIT; RAT; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; UMBILICAL HERNIA;

ABNORMALITIES, DRUG-INDUCED; ADULT; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, LABORATORY; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; CATS; CRICETINAE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 1; CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS; DATABASES, FACTUAL; DOGS; FEMALE; HAPLORHINI; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MICE; PREGNANCY; PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES; RABBITS; RATS; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TERATOGENS;

ANIMALIA; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS;

EID: 0141996218     PISSN: 15429733     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.10005     Document Type: Article

References (191)

1. Adams SS, Bough RG, Cliffe EE, et al. 1969. Absorption, distribution and toxicity of ibuprofen. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 15:310-330.
2. Adrian RW. 1973. [Toxicologic studies on the effect of azapropazone on reproduction in the rat]. Arzneimittelforschung 23:658-660.
3. Adrian RW, Walker FS, Noel PRB. 1976. Toxicological studies on azapropazone. Curr Med Res Opin 4:17-34.
4. Agresti, A. 1990. Categorical data analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
5. Arauchi T, Watanabe T, Nakashima K, et al. 1978. Teratogenicity study of oxepinac in mice and rabbits. Arzneimittelforschung 28:451-455.
6. Baba T, Nagahama M, Akiyama N, Miki T. 1966. Experimental production of malformations due to acetyl salicylate and phenyl salicylate in rats. Osaka City Med J 12:23-29.
7. Beall JR, Klein MF. 1977. Enhancement of aspirin-induced teratogenicity by food restriction in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 39:489-495.
8. Bonati M, Bortulus R, Marchetti F, et al. 1990. Drug use in pregnancy; an overview of epidemiological (drug utilization) studies. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 38:325-328.
9. Butcher RE, Vorhees CV, Kimmel CA. 1972. Leaning impairment from maternal salicylate treatment in rats. Nat New Biol 236:211-212.
10. Cappon GD, Cook JC, Hurtt ME. 2003a. Relationship between cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2 selective inhibitors and fetal development when administered to rats and rabbits during the sensitive periods for heart development and midline closure. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 68:47-56.
11. Cappon GD, Gupta U, Cook JC, et al. 2003b. Comparison of the developmental toxicity of aspirin in rabbits when administered throughout major organogenesis or during sensitive windows of development. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 68:38-46.
12. Cekanova E, Larsson KS, Morck E, Åberg G. 1974. Interactions between salicylic acid and pyridyl-3-methanol: anti-inflammatory and teratogenic effects. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 35:107-118.
13. Clark RL, Robertson RT, Minsker DH, et al. 1984. Diflunisal-induced maternal anemia as a cause of teratogenicity in rabbits. Teratology 30:319-332.
14. Collaborative Low-Dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy. 1994. CLASP: a randomized trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of and treatment of pre-eclampsia among 9364 pregnant women. Lancet 343:619-629.
15. Collins TFX, Hansen WH, Keeler HV. 1971. Effect of methyl salicylate on rat reproduction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 18:755-765.
16. Costlow R, Manson JM. 1981. The heart and diaphragm: target organs in the neonatal death induced by nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyyl-pnitrophenyl ether). Toxicology 20:209-227.
17. Courtney KD, Valerio DA. 1968. Teratology in the Macaca mulatta. Teratology 1:163-172.
18. Daston GP, Rehnberg BF, Carver B, et al. 1988. Functional teratogens of the rat kidney. I. Colchicine, dinoseb, and methyl salicylate. Fund Appl Toxicol 11:381-400.
19. DePass LR, Weaver EV. 1982. Comparison of teratogenic effects of aspirin and hydroxyurea in the Fischer 344 and Wistar strains. J Toxicol Environ Health 10:297-305.
20. DeSesso JM. 1997. Comparative embryology. In: RD Hood, editor. Handbook of developmental toxicology. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p 111-174.
21. Earley PA, Hayden J. 1964. Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on foetal rabbits. Lancet 1:763.
22. Esaki K, Oshio K. 1980a. Effects of oral administration of tiaprofenic acid (RU 15060) on reproduction in the mouse. I. Administration prior to breeding and in the early stage of pregnancy. Jitchuken Zenrinsho Kenkyu Ho 6:195-204.
23. Esaki K, Oshio K. 1980b. Effects of oral administration of tiaprofenic acid (RU 15060) on reproduction in the mouse. II. Administration during the fetal organogenesis stage. Jitchuken Zenrinsho Kenkyu Ho 6:205-211.
24. Esaki K, Tsukada M, Izumiyama K, Oshio K. 1975a. Teratogenicity of ketoprofen (19583 RP) tested by oral administration in mice and rats. Jitchuken Zenrinsho Kenkyu Ho 1:91-100.
25. Esaki K, Tsukada M, Izumiyama K, Oshio K. 1975b. Teratogenicity of sodium ketoprofen (19583 RP-Na) tested by subcutaneous administration in mice and rats. Jitchuken Zenrinsho Kenkyu Ho 1:101-109.
26. Foulon O, Girard H, Pallen C, et al. 1999. Induction of supernumerary ribs with sodium salicylate. Reprod Toxicol 13:369-374.
27. Fritz H. 1976. The effect of cortisone on the teratogenic action of acetylsalicylic acid and diphenylhydantoin in the mouse. Experientia 32:721-722.
28. Fritz H, Giese K. 1990. Evaluation of the teratogenic potential of chemicals in the rat. Pharmacology 40(suppl 1):1-28.
29. Fuchigami K, Hatano M, Shimamura K, et al. 1982a. Reproduction studies on 2-pyridylmethyl 2-[p-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl] propionate (pimeprofen). (1) Fertility study in rats by subcutaneous administration. Oyo Yakuri 23:883-893.
30. Fuchigami K, Hatano M, Shimamura K, et al. 1982b. Reproduction studies on 2-pyridylmethyl 2-[p-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl] propionate (pimeprofen). (2) Teratogenicity study in rats by subcutaneous administration. Oyo Yakuri 24:1-19.
31. Fuchigami K, Hatano M, Shimamura K, et al. 1982c. Reproduction studies on 2-pyridylmethyl 2-[p-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl] propionate (pimeprofen). (4) Teratogenicity study in rabbits by subcutaneous administration. Oyo Yakuri 24:37-47.
32. Fuchigami K, Otsuka T, Sameshima K, et al. 1990. Reproductive and developmental toxicity study of mofezolac (N-22). (3) Teratogenicity study in rabbits by oral administration. J Toxicol Sci 15(suppl 2):209-218.
33. Fujimura H, Hiramatsu Y, Tamura Y, Kokuba S. 1983a. Reproduction studies of (±)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen). (1) Fertility study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 26:441-448.
34. Fujimura H, Hiramatsu Y, Tamura Y, Kokuba S. 1983b. Reproduction studies of (±)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen). (2) Teratogenicity study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 26:449-459.
35. Fujimura H, Hiramatsu Y, Tamura Y, Kokuba S. 1983c. Reproduction studies of (±)-2-[p-(2-thenoyl)phenyl] propionic acid (suprofen). (4) Teratogenicity study in rabbits. Oyo Yakuri 26:537-542.
36. Gabriel SE, Fehring RA. 1992. Trends in the utilization of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the United States, 1986-1990. J Clin Epidemiol 45:1041-1044.
37. Gaetani M, Debeus R. 1972. Toxicological investigations of 4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370). 2. Study of teratogenic activity in rabbits and rats. Arzneimittelforschung 22:223-226.
38. Golding JA. 1998. A randomized trial of low dose aspirin for primiparae in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 105:293-299.
39. Goldman AS, Yakovac WC. 1963. The enhancement of salicylate teratogenicity by maternal immobilization in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 142:351-357.
40. Goldman AS, Yakovac WC. 1964a. Prevention of salicylate teratogenicity in immobilized rats by certain central nervous system depressants. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 115:693-696.
41. Goldman AS, Yakovac WC. 1964b. Salicylate intoxication and congenital anomalies. Arch Environ Health 8:648-656.
42. Goto M, Okada F, Kawaguchi T. 1989. Reproduction study of indometacin farnesil. (I) Fertility study of rats by oral administration. Yakuri to Chiryo 17:49-61.
43. Greer JJ, Cote D, Allan DW, et al. 2000. Structure of the primitive diaphragm and defects associated with nitrofen-induced CDH. J Appl Physiol 89:2123-2129.
44. Gupta U, Cook JC, Tassinari MS, Hurtt ME. 2003. Comparison of developmental toxicology of aspirin (ASA) in rats using selected dosing paradigms. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 68:27-37.
45. Guy JF, Sucheston ME. 1986. Teratogenic effects on the CD-1 mouse embryo exposed to concurrent doses of ethanol and aspirin. Teratology 34:249-261.
46. Hamada Y, Imanishi M. 1981. Fertility study of miroprofen in rats. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 12:802-807.
47. Hamada Y, Imanishi M, Hashiguchi M. 1981. Terogenicity studies of miroprofen in rats and rabbits. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 12:808-826.
48. Hamed MR, al-Assy YS, Ezzeldin E. 1994. Influence of protein malnutrition on teratogenicity of acetylsalicylic acid in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 13:83-88.
49. Hasegawa Y, Yoshida T, Kozen T, et al. 1972. Studies on 5-aminoalkyl- and 3-aminoalkylisoxazoles and related derivatives. Part XIII. Teratology studies on 3-(1-hydroxy-2-piperidinoethyl)-5-phenylisoxazole in rats and mice. Annu Rep Shionogi Res Lab 22:109-120.
50. Herrmann M, Wiegleb J, Leuschner F. 1970. [Toxicological studies on a new potent analgesic]. Arzneimittelforschung 20:983-990.
51. Hertz-Picciotto I, Hopenhayn-Rich C, Golub M, Hooper K. 1990. The risks and benefits of taking aspirin during pregnancy. Epidemiol Rev 12:108-148.
52. Hiramatsu Y, Tamura Y, Kuniba S. 1980. [Teratological study of RU-15060 (5-benzoyl-α-methyl-2-thiophene acetic acid) in rabbits]. Yakuri to Chiryo 8:1773-1776.
53. Hirooka T, Takahashi S, Kitagawa S. 1984. [Oral administration of pirprofen during the organogenesis period in rats]. Kiso to Rinsho 18:5651-5673.
54. Hiyama T, Kunikane K, Ozaki M, et al. 1983a. Reproduction studies of N-(2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)-anthranilic acid (GEA6414): a new antiinflammatory agents. (1) Fertility, teratogenicity, perinatal and postnatal studies in rats. J Med Soc Toho Univ 29:889-907.
55. Hiyama T, Kunikane K, Ozaki M, et al. 1983b. Reproduction studies of N-(2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl)-anthranilic acid (GEA6414): a new antiinflammatory agents. (2) Teratogenicity study in rabbits. J Med Soc Toho Univ 29:908-912.
56. Hoar RM, Langhoff L, Rudiger H. 1975a. Reproduction studies of Ro 20-5720 and indomethacin in rabbits. Phase II - teratological study. N-29542. Nutley, NJ: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
57. Hoar RM, DiNardo B, and Rusin G. 1975b. Reproduction studies of Ro 20-5720 and indomethacin in rats. Phase I - Study of fertility and general reproductive performance. N-29544. Nutley, NJ: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
58. Hoffman LH. 1978. Antifertility effects of indomethacin during early pregnancy in the rabbit. Biol Reprod 18:148-153.
59. Holson JF. 2002. Interpretation of low-incidence findings in developmental and reproductive toxicity studies. Presented at the Toxicology Forum, February 4, Washington, DC.
60. Horimoto M, Takatsu S, Takeuchi K, et al. 1991. Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies with ampiroxicam in rats and rabbits. Oyo Yakuri 42:559-569.
61. Horimoto M, Iijima M, Tachibana M. 1992. CP-66,248-2 (tenidap sodium). Oral teratology (segment II) study in Sprague-Dawley rats. 88-66-52. New York: Pfizer Inc.
62. Ichikawa N, Ichikawa N, Matsumoto M, et al. 1986a. Reproduction studies of alminoprofen (EB-382). I. Fertility study in rats. Yakuri to Chiryo 14:2121-2130.
63. Ichikawa N, Ichikawa N, Matsumoto M, et al. 1986b. Reproduction studies of alminoprofen (EB-382). II. Teratogenicity study in rats. Yakuri to Chiryo 14:2131-2147.
64. Ichikawa N, Matsumoto M, Ichikawa N, et al. 1986c. Reproduction studies of alminoprofen (EB-382). III. Teratogenicity study in rabbits. Yakuri to Chiryo 14:3079-3087.
65. Imai M, Ishii S, Ohkochi M, et al. 1988a. Reproduction studies of LFP 83 (II). Yakuri to Chiryo 16:3689-3712.
66. Imai M, Ohkochi M, Shibata H, et al. 1988b. Reproduction studies of LFP 83 (IV). Yakuri to Chiryo 16:3731-3741.
67. Ito T, Watanabe G, Takayama Y, et al. 1979. Effects of butyl-2-[[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] amino] benzoic acid upon the embryogenesis in rabbits. Acta Med Biol (Niigata) 27:33-42.
68. Jacobi H, Dell HD. 1980. [Toxicology of acemetacin]. Arzneimittelforschung 30:1398-1417.
69. Jahn U, Adrian RW. 1969. [Pharmacological and toxicological testing of new anti-inflammatory agent azapropazone-3-dimethylamine-7-methyl-1,2-(n-propylmalonyl)-1, 2-dihydro-1,2, 4-benzotriazine]. Arzneimittelforschung 19:36-52.
70. Kamada K, Tomizawa S. 1979. Influences of clofezone on fetuses of mice and rats. Oyo Yakuri 18:235-246.
71. Kato M, Matsuzawa K, Enjo H, et al. 1979. Reproduction studies of feprazone. (II) Teratogenicity study in rats and rabbits. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 10:149-163.
72. Kessedjian MJ, Stadler J. 1986. CP-66,248. Foetotoxicity study in rats by the oral route. Protocols 85054 and 85083. New York: Pfizer Inc.
73. Kessedjian MJ, Stadler J, Pool WR, Charuel C. 1986a. CP-66,248. Foetotoxicity study in rabbits by the oral route. Protocols 85053 and 85084. New York: Pfizer Inc.
74. Kessedjian MJ, Stadler J, Pool WR. 1986b. CP-66,248. Foetotoxicity study in rabbits by the oral route. Protocol 85137. New York: Pfizer Inc.
75. Khera KS. 1976. Teratogenicity studies with methotrexate, aminopterin, and acetylsalicylic acid in domestic cats. Teratology 14:21-27.
76. Kiefer DM. 1997. A century of pain relief. Todays Chemist Work 6:38-42.
77. Kimmel CA, Wilson JG, Schumacher HJ. 1971. Studies on metabolism and identification of the causative agent in aspirin teratogenesis in rats. Teratology 4:15-24.
78. Klein KL, Scott WJ, Wilson JG. 1981a. Aspirin-induced teratogenesis: a unique pattern of cell death and subsequent polydactyly in the rat. J Exp Biol 216:107-112.
79. Klein KL, Scott WJ, Clark KE, Wilson JG. 1981b. Indomethacin-placental transfer, cytotoxicity, and teratology in the rat. Am J Obstet Gynecol 141:448-452.
80. Knight E, Roe DA. 1978. Effects of salicylamide and protein restriction on the skeletal development of the rat fetus. Teratology 18:17-22.
81. Koga T, Ota T, Aoki Y, et al. 1981. Reproduction studies with acemetacin (K-708). Teratological study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 22:765-776.
82. Kondoh S, Okada F, Goto K, et al. 1989. Reproduction study of indomethacin farnesyl. (II) Teratogenicity study in rats by oral administration. Yakuri to Chiryo 17:62-85.
83. Koshakji RP, Schulert AR. 1973. Biochemical mechanisms of salicylate teratology in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol 22:407-416.
84. Kozer E, Costei A, Boskovic R, et al. 2003. The effects of aspirin consumption during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 68:70-84.
85. Kozer E, Nikfar S, Costei A, et al. 2002. Aspirin consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy and congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187:1623-1630.
86. Lambelin G, Roba J, Gillet C, et al. 1970. Toxicity studies of 4-allyloxy-3-chlorophenylacetic acid, a new analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory agent. Arzneimittelforschung 20:618-630.
87. Lapointe R, Harvey EB. 1964. Salicylamide-induced anomalies in hamster embryos. J Exp Biol 156:197-200.
88. Larsen V, Bredahl E. 1966. The embryotoxic effect on rabbits of monophenylbutazone (Monazan®) compared with phenylbutazone and thalidomide. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 24:443-455.
89. Larsson KS, Boström H. 1965. Teratogenic action of salicylates related to the inhibition of mucopolysaccharide synthesis. Acta Paediatr Scand 54:43-48.
90. Larsson KS, Eriksson M. 1966. Salicylate-induced fetal death and malformations in two mouse strains. Acta Paediatr Scand 55:569-576.
91. Larsson KS, Boström H, Ericson B. 1963a. Salicylate-induced malformations in mouse embryos. Acta Paediatr 52:36-40.
92. Larsson KS, Ericson B, Boström H. 1963b. Salicylate-induced skeletal and vessel malformations in mouse embryos. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand 6:35-44.
93. Lehmann EL, D'Abrera HJM. 1975. Nonparametrics statistical method based on ranks. Oakland: Holden-Day, Inc.
94. Léonard M, Stadler J, Paulus G. 1989a. CP-72,133-2. Fetotoxicity study in rats by the oral route. Protocols 89014, 89015 and 89044. New York: Pfizer Inc.
95. Léonard M, Stadler J, Charuel C, Paulus G. 1989b. CP-72,133-2. Fetotoxicity study in rabbits by the oral route. Protocols 89016 and 89017. New York: Pfizer Inc.
96. Lichtenberger LM. 2001. Where is the evidence that cyclooxygenase inhibition is the primary cause of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastrointestinal injury? Topical injury revisited. Biochem Phamacol 61:631-637.
97. Lou YJ, Ding GS, Tu ZH. 1996. Toxicity to transferred rat embryos after aspirin treatment during preimplantation stage in vivo. Acta Pharmacol Sin 17:52-54.
98. Maruyama H, Tsuchida T, Takahashi N, et al. 1970. Pharmacology of a new anti-inflammatory drug, aluminum flufenamate. (3) The teratogenic effect on mice and rats. J Med Soc Toho Univ 17:159-163.
99. Matsuo A, Nishimura M, Uchiyama H, et al. 1997a. Fertility study with meloxicam in rats dosed orally before mating and during early period of gestation. Oyo Yakuri 53:51-59.
100. Matsuo A, Nishimura M, Uchiyama H, et al. 1997b. Reproduction and teratology study with meloxicam in rats dosed orally during the period of organogenesis. Oyo Yakuri 53:61-73.
101. Matsuo A, Nishimura M, Lehmann H, Katsuki S. 1997c. Oral teratology studies with meloxicam in rabbits. Oyo Yakuri 53:87-95.
102. Mazué G, Landsmann F, Brunaud M. 1974. Study of possible teratogenicity of bucloxic acid (804 CB). Arzneimittelforschung 24:1413-1422.
103. McClain RM, Rusin G, DiNardo B. 1975. Reproduction studies of Ro 20-5720 and indomethacin in rats. Phase II - teratological study. N-29552. Nutley, NJ: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
104. McClain RM, Hoar RM. 1980. Reproduction studies with carprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 56:376-382.
105. McColl JD, Globus M, Robinson S. 1965. Effect of some therapeutic agents on the developing rat fetus. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 7:409-417.
106. McColl JD, Robinson S, Globus M. 1967. Effect of some therapeutic agents on the rabbit fetus. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 10:244-252.
107. Mehlman MA, Craig PH, Gallo MA. 1984. Teratological evaluation of trimethyl phosphite in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 72:119-123.
108. Middle Atlantic Reproduction and Teratology Association and Midwest Teratology Association, compilers. 1996a. Historical control data (1992-1994) for developmental and reproductive toxicity studies using the Crl:CD® BR rat. Wilmington, MA: Charles River Laboratories.
109. Middle Atlantic Reproduction and Teratology Association and Midwest Teratology Association, compilers. 1996b. Historical control data (1992-1994) for developmental and reproductive toxicity studies using the New Zealand White rabbit. Denver, PA: HRP Inc.
110. Mikami T, Hosokawa A, Matsubara T, et al. 1989. Reproduction study of indomethacin farnesyl. (III) Teratogenicity study in rabbits by oral administration. Yakuri to Chiryo 17:87-96.
111. Mitala JJ, Boardman JP, Carrano RA, Iuliucci JD. 1984. Novel accessory skull bone in fetal rats after exposure to aspirin. Teratology 30:95-98.
112. Montenegro MA, Palomino H. 1990. Induction of cleft palate in mice by inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 10:83-94.
113. Nakatsuka T, Fujii T. 1979. Comparative teratogenicity study of diflunisal (MK-647) and aspirin in the rat. Oyo Yakuri 17:551-557.
114. Namba T, Hamada Y. 1969. Teratogenic tests with benzydamine hydrochloride. Oyo Yakuri 3:271-281.
115. Nielsen GL, Sorensen HT, Larsen H, Pedersen L. 2001. Risk of adverse birth outcome and miscarriage in pregnant users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: population based observational study and case-control study. BMJ 322:266-270.
116. Ninomiya H, Akitsuki S, Kondo J, et al. 1990a. Reproduction studies of etodolac. (1) Effect of etodolac administered orally prior to and in the early stage of pregnancy in rats. Oyo Yakuri 40:647-655.
117. Ninomiya H, Akitsuki S, Kondo J, et al. 1990b. Reproduction studies of etodolac. (2) Effect of etodolac administered orally during the period of organogenesis in rats. Oyo Yakuri 40:657-671.
118. Ninomiya H, Akitsuki S, Kondo J, et al. 1990c. Reproduction studies of etodolac. (4) Effect of etodolac administered orally during the period of organogenesis in rabbits. Oyo Yakuri 40:687-693.
119. Nishimura K, Fukagawa S, Shigematsu K, et al. 1977. Teratogenicity study of 1-methyl-5-p-toluoylpyrrole-2-acetate sodium dihydrate (tolmetin sodium) in rabbits. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 8:158-164.
120. Nomura T, Isa Y, Tanaka H, et al. 1977. Teratogencity of aminopyrine and its molecular compound with barbital. Teratology 16:118.
121. Olesen C, Steffensen FH, Nielsen GL, et al. 1999. Drug use in first pregnancy and lactation: a population-based survey among Danish women. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 55:139-144.
122. Ono M, Hoshida F, Nagase M, Asami K. 1982a. Reproductive studies of ibuprofen by rectal administration. (2) Teratogenicity study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 24:531-538.
123. Ono M, Ogawa Y, Ogihara K, et al. 1982b. Reproduction studies of ibuprofen by rectal administration. (1) Fertility study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 24:467-473.
124. Ota T, Fujimura T, Hongyo T, Kawase S. 1994. Prenatal and postnatal study of mesalazine in rats. Oyo Yakuri 47:513-522.
125. Overman DO, White JA. 1983. Comparative teratogenic effects of methyl salicylate applied orally or topically to hamsters. Teratology 28:421-426.
126. Perraud J. 1974a. Study of the action of CP-16,171 on pregnancy and foetal development in rats. Protocol 73-044. New York: Pfizer Inc.
127. Perraud J. 1974b. Study of the action of CP-16,171 on pregnancy and foetal development in rabbits. Protocol 73-087. New York: Pfizer Inc.
128. Persaud TVN. 1974. Inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis during pregnancy. 2. The effects of indomethacin in pregnant rats. Anat Anz 136:354-358.
129. Persaud TVN. 1975. Prolongation of pregnancy and abnormal fetal development in rats treated with indomethacin. IRCS Med Sci 3:300.
130. Persaud TVN, Moore KL. 1974. Inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis during pregnancy. 1. Embryopathic activity of indomethacin in mice. Anat Anz 136:349-353.
131. Petrere JA, Humphrey RR, Anderson JA, et al. 1985. Studies on reproduction in rats with meclofenamate sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Fund Appl Toxicol 5:665-671.
132. Randall CL, Anton RF, Becker HC. 1987. Effect of indomethacin on alcohol-induced morphological anomalies in mice. Life Sci 41:361-369.
133. Roba J, Lambelin G, Buu-Hoï NP. 1970. Teratological studies of p-butoxyphenylacethydroxamic acid (CP 1044 J3) in rats and rabbits. Arzneimittelforschung 20:565-569.
134. Roberts LJ II, Morrow JD. 2001. Analgesic-antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents and drugs employed in the treatment of gout. In: JG Hardman, LE Limbird, AG Gilman, editors. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. p 687-731.
135. Robertson RT, Allen HL, Bokelman DL. 1979. Aspirin: teratogenic evaluation in the dog. Teratology 20:313-320.
136. Rowland JM, Robertson RT, Cukierski M, et al. 1987. Evaluation of the teratogenicity and pharmacokinetics of diflunisal in cynomolgus monkeys. Fund Appl Toxicol 8:51-58.
137. Rüttimann G, Schön H, Madörin M, et al. 1981. Toxicological evaluation of fluproquazone. Arzneimittelforschung 31:882-892.
138. Saito H, Naminohira S, Kitagawa H, et al. 1980. Drug metabolism and fetal toxicity: induction of drug metabolizing enzyme by phenobarbital and embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of aminopyrine. Res Commun Subst Abuse 1:263-272.
139. Saito H, Naminohira S, Sakai T, et al. 1981. Drug metabolism and fetal toxicity: changes in fetal toxicity of aminopyrine by variation of drug metabolizing enzyme activity in mice. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 34:141-144.
140. Saito H, Sakai T, Ueno K, Kitagawa H. 1982a. Influence of maternal drug metabolism on the fetal toxicity induced by acetylsalicylic acid. J Toxicol Sci 7:177-184.
141. Saito H, Yokoyama A, Takeno S, et al. 1982b. Fetal toxicity and hypocalcemia induced by acetylsalicylic acid analogues. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 38:209-220.
142. Sakai T, Ohtsuki I, Noguchi F. 1980. [Effects of piroxicam on fertility]. Yakuri to Chiryo 8:4655-4671.
143. Schardein JL. 1985. Chemically induced birth defects. New York: Marcel Dekker.
144. Schardein JL, Woosley ET, Hamilton LE, Kaump DH. 1965. Effects of aspirin and phenylbutazone on the rabbit blastocyst. J Reprod Fertil 10:129-132.
145. Schardein JL, Blatz AT, Woosley ET, Kaump DH. 1969. Reproduction studies on sodium meclofenamate in comparison to aspirin and phenylbutazone. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 15:46-55.
146. Seidenberg JM, Anderson DG, Becker RA. 1986. Validation of an in vivo developmental toxicity screen in the mouse. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 6:361-374.
147. Shapiro S, Siskind V, Monson RR, et al. 1976. Perinatal mortality and birth weight in relation to aspirin taking during pregnancy. Lancet i:1375-1376.
148. Shepard TH. 1995. Catalog of teratogenic agents. 8th ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
149. Shimazu H, Matsuoka T, Ikeya M, et al. 1990. [Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of CN-100 in rats]. Kiso to Rinsho 24:239-250.
150. Shimizu M, Sato C, Inagaki M, et al. 1984. [Toxicity study of tenoxicam. (V) Reproduction segment II study in rats]. Yakuri to Chiryo 12(suppl 5):853-871.
151. Silvestrini B, Barcellona PS, Garau A, Catanese B. 1967. Toxicology of benzydamine. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 10:148-159.
152. Simon E, Hummler H. 1980. Embryotoxicity study in mice with oral administration of Ro 20-5720 (carprofen). Phase II - teratological study. B-90 783. Nutley, NJ: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
153. Streck RD, Kumpf SW, Ozolins TR, Stedman DB. 2003. Rat embryos express transcripts for cyclooxygenase-1 and carbonic anhydrase-4, but not cyclooxygenase-2, during organogenesis. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 68:57-69.
154. Takai A, Nakada H. 1970. Teratological studies on N-methyl-N-(2-cyclohexyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl-methyl)-piperidinium iodide (SH-100) with atropine-like activity. Oyo Yakuri 4:109-112.
155. Takeno S, Sumita M, Saito H, Sakai T. 1987. Strain differences in susceptibility to the embryotoxic effects of aminopyrine in mice. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 57:409-419.
156. Tanabe K. 1967. Hypersensitive toxicity of 5-n-butyl-1-cyclohexyl-2,4,6-trioxoperhydropyrimidine in the pregnant rat. Jpn J Pharmacol 17:381-392.
157. Tanaka S, Kawashima K, Nakaura S, et al. 1973. Studies on the teratogenicity of food additives. (3) Teratogenic effect of dietary salicylic acid in rats. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 14:551-557.
158. Tanioka Y, Koizumi H, Ogata T, Esaki K. 1975. Teratogenicity of ketoprofen (19583 RP) in the rhesus monkey. Jitchuken Zenrinsho Kenkyu Ho 1:67-73.
159. Terada Y, Nishimura K, Mukumoto K, et al. 1982. Reproduction study of etofenamate. II. Teratogenicity study in rat. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 13:896-909.
160. Tettenborn D. 1974. [Toxicologic study on propiramfumarate. Summary of experimental results]. Arzneimittelforschung 24:624-631.
161. Toteno I, Haguro S, Furukawa S, et al. 1990. Reproductive and developmental toxicity study of mofezolac (N-22). (2) Study by oral administration of N-22 during the period of fetal organogenesis in rats. J Toxicol Sci 15(suppl 2):165-208.
162. Trasler DG. 1965. Aspirin-induced cleft lip and other malformations in mice. Lancet 1:606-607.
163. Tsuruzaki T, Kubo S, Shimo T, et al. 1979a. [Reproductive studies of butyl-2-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)benzoate (HF-264) in rats. 1. Prenatal and postnatal administration in rats]. Kiso to Rinsho 13:3279-3287.
164. Tsuruzaki T, Kubo S, Shimo T, et al. 1979b. [Reproductive studies of butyl-2-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)benzoate (HF-264) in rats. 2. Teratological study in rats]. Kiso to Rinsho 13:3288-3301.
165. Turner G, Collins E. 1975. Fetal effects of regular salicylate ingestion during pregnancy. Lancet ii:338-339.
166. Udaka K. 1976. Reproduction phase II study of Ro 20-5720 (carprofen) in rats. J-84'610. Nutley, NJ: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
167. Ueno K, Shimoto Y, Yokoyama A, et al. 1983. Alleviation of acetylsalicylic acid-induced fetal toxicity by calcium. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 39:179-188.
168. Ungthavorn S, Chiamsawatphan S, Chatsanga C, et al. 1970. Studies on sulpyrin-induced teratogenesis in mice. J Med Assoc Thai 53:550-557.
169. Ungváry G, Tátrai E, Lop̃rincz M, Barcza G. 1983. Combined embryotoxic action of toluene, a widely used industrial chemical, and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Teratology 27:261-269.
170. Vane JR, Flower RJ, Botting RM. 1990. History of aspirin. Stroke 21 (suppl 4):12-23.
171. Vane JR, Bakhle YS, Botting RM. 1998. Cyclooxygenases 1 and 2. Annu Rev Toxicol 38:97-120.
172. Wallace JL. 1997. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastroenteropathy: the second hundred years. Gastroenterology 112:1000-1016.
173. Warkany J, Takacs E. 1959. Experimental production of congenital malformations in rats by salicylate poisoning. Am J Pathol 35:315-331.
174. Warner TD, Giuliano F, Vojnovic I, et al. 1999. Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:7563-7568.
175. Wassef NW. 1979. Teratogenicity of phenylbutazone in mice. Zool Soc Egypt Bull 29:16-21.
176. Wellstead JR, Bruce NW, Rahima A. 1989. Effects of indomethacin on spacing of conceptuses within the uterine horn and on fetal and placental growth in the rat. Anat Rec 225:101-105.
177. Werler MM, Mitchell AA, Shapiro S. 1989. The relation of aspirin use during the first trimester of pregnancy to congenital cardiac defects. N Engl J Med 321:1639-1642.
178. Wilson JG. 1971. Use of rhesus monkeys in teratological studies. Fed Proc 30:104-109.
179. Wilson JG, Ritter EJ, Scott WJ, Fradkin R. 1977. Comparative distribution and embryotoxicity of acetylsalicylic acid in pregnant rats and rhesus monkeys. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 41:67-78.
180. Wolfe MM, Lichtenstein DR, Singh G. 1999. Gastrointestinal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med 340:1888-1898.
181. Yamada T, Nishiyama T, Sasajima M, Nakane S. 1984a. Reproduction studies of oxaprozin. I. Fertility study in rats. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 15:207-224.
182. Yamada T, Nogariya T, Sasajima M, Nakane S. 1984b. Reproduction studies of oxaprozin. II. Teratogenicity study in rats. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 15:225-249.
183. Yamada T, Uchida H, Sasajima M, Nakane S. 1984c. Reproduction studies of oxaprozin. III. Teratogenicity study in rabbits. Iyakuhin Kenkyu 15:250-264.
184. Yamada T, Tarumoto Y, Schlegelmilch R, Mehdi N. 1997. Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of lornoxicam. Oyo Yakuri 54:235-247.
185. Yamakita O, Koida M, Shinomiya M, et al. 1990. Reproductive and developmental toxicity study of mofezolac (N-22). (1) Study by oral administration of N-22 prior to and early stages of pregnancy in rats. J Toxicol Sci 15(suppl 2):151-163.
186. Yegnanarayan R, Joglekar GV. 1978. Anti-fertility effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Jpn J Pharmacol 28:909-917.
187. Ying Y, Lou YJ. 1993. Effects of preimplantation treatment with aspirin and acetaminophen on blastocyst and fetus in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 14:369-372.
188. Yoshida R, Asanoma K, Kurokawa M, Morita K. 1980a. Reproduction studies of suxibuzone [4-butyl-4-(β -carboxypropionyl-oxymethyl)-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione]. (1) Fertility study in rats. Oyo Yakuri 20:281-288.
189. Yoshida R, Asanoma K, Kurokawa M, Morita K. 1980b. Reproduction studies of suxibuzone [4-butyl-4-(β -carboxypropionyl-oxymethyl)-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione]. (2) Teratogenic and postnatal studies in mice. Oyo Yakuri 20:289-298.
190. Yoshida R, Asanoma K, Kurokawa M, Morita K. 1980c. Reproduction studies of suxibuzone [4-butyl-4-(β -carboxypropionyl-oxymethyl)-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione]. (3) Teratogenic and postnatal studies in rats. Oyo Yakuri 20:377-386.
191. Yoshida R, Asanoma K, Imamura K, Morita K. 1980d. Reproduction studies of suxibuzone [4-butyl-4-(β -carboxypropionyl-oxymethyl)-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione]. (4) Teratogenic study in rabbits. Oyo Yakuri 20:387-392.